Energy-saving racing car electric control system based on integrated energy-saving module

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving racing car electric control system based on an integrated energy-saving module. Comprising a CPU and key function modules electrically connected with the CPU, such as a motor control module, a DC-DC conversion module, a storage module, a communication and simulation module, a Bluetooth communication module, a display screen module, a cooling fan and driving lamp interface, a test point, a key module, an external speed regulation module, a voltage sampling module and a current sampling module. By integrating the motor control module and the DC-DC module, accurate motor driving control, efficient voltage conversion and energy management are realized, energy loss is reduced, system energy efficiency is improved, and battery endurance mileage is prolonged; by integrating the storage module and the communication and simulation module and optimizing the synergistic effect of the system, efficient storage and real-time transmission of data are realized, an optimization strategy is provided for motor control, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; external interference and line faults are reduced through integrated design, and the reliability and stability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle electronic control systems, and in particular to an energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module. Background Art

[0002] With the intensifying energy crisis and rising environmental awareness, energy-saving racing cars are attracting increasing attention as a highly efficient energy utilization method. In the 20th century, traditional electronic control systems were primarily based on a decentralized design, with independent functional modules operating independently. This led to low coordination efficiency and high energy consumption. In the early 21st century, breakthroughs in power electronics and embedded systems have led to a gradual evolution of electronic control systems towards modularization and integration. With continued technological breakthroughs, this field will provide key technical reserves for high-efficiency scenarios such as new energy vehicles.

[0003] The energy-saving racing electronic control system addresses the low energy efficiency and heavy weight of traditional systems through integrated modules. High hardware integration reduces wiring loss and weight. Intelligent algorithms and thermal management technologies are combined to optimize energy distribution and heat dissipation, enhancing dynamic response. This solution meets the high energy efficiency demands of racing and provides efficient, lightweight electronic control technology for new energy vehicles, promoting the development of green energy and intelligent technology.

[0004] Energy-saving racing car electronic control systems are categorized into two types: traditional distributed and integrated intelligent. Traditional systems feature independent modules and complex wiring harnesses, resulting in low energy efficiency and significant response delays. Integrated systems utilize a multi-core heterogeneous architecture, a modular design that simplifies circuitry, and incorporate digital control and intelligent algorithms to improve energy efficiency, shorten dynamic response times, and support lightweight design and high scalability.

[0005] Although there has been progress in existing energy-saving racing car electronic control systems, many problems still exist: low energy efficiency, reliance on complex wiring harness connections, low power transmission efficiency; redundant design and bulky size; insufficient control accuracy, affecting stability and safety; complex maintenance, wiring harness aging and difficulty in upgrading. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module, thereby improving the energy efficiency and reliability of the electronic control system, saving space, reducing energy consumption, and improving the endurance and performance of the racing car.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] An energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module includes a CPU and a motor control module, a DC-DC conversion module, a storage module, a communication and simulation module, a Bluetooth communication module, a display module, a cooling fan and driving light interface, a test point, a button module, an external speed control module, a voltage sampling module, and a current sampling module, all electrically connected to the CPU.

[0009] The CPU is responsible for receiving sensor signals, executing program instructions, performing logical operations and control decisions to accurately drive the actuators to complete various tasks and ensure the normal operation and function realization of the system;

[0010] The motor control module is used to receive or transmit signals to the CPU, convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, drive the motor to operate, and control the action of the motor, including starting, stopping, forward and reverse rotation, and speed regulation operations;

[0011] The DC-DC conversion module is used to convert the input voltage to provide the required voltage for the other modules;

[0012] The storage module is used to store the data, parameters and program code information required for system operation, and save user settings, historical data, fault records, and provide support for the normal operation and data management of the CPU;

[0013] The communication and simulation module is used to realize data transmission and information exchange between the host computer and the slave computer (i.e., the motor controller), burn the source code, communicate and simulate with external devices, and adjust the motor speed, torque and acceleration according to the information received from the host computer;

[0014] The Bluetooth communication module is used to achieve wireless communication between the electronic control system and the mobile device, providing support for technicians to remotely control the device, obtain device status, and set parameters through applications on the mobile device;

[0015] The display screen module is used to receive information from the CPU and display system status, battery performance parameters and fault information in real time, so that the driver can understand the vehicle operation status in real time;

[0016] The cooling fan and driving light interface is used to connect the cooling fan to expand active heat dissipation and connect external lighting or warning equipment to realize the lighting and warning functions of the vehicle;

[0017] The test point is a physical connection point for measuring and monitoring specific signals, used to access test equipment, and provide the required information for fault diagnosis, performance evaluation and debugging of the CPU;

[0018] The button module is used to input instructions or perform operations through physical buttons, including starting / stopping the motor, adjusting parameters, and switching modes;

[0019] The external speed control module is used to receive an external signal to control the speed of the motor;

[0020] The voltage sampling module is used to monitor the battery voltage, ensure that the system operates within a safe voltage range, and provide accurate voltage data;

[0021] The current sampling module is used to monitor the battery current and promptly report it to the CPU so that it can control the current to ensure the safe operation of the motor and battery.

[0022] Furthermore, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes: a cooling fan and driving light interface, an NTC temperature interface, and a power input interface;

[0023] The cooling fan and driving light interface is used to connect the cooling fan to expand active heat dissipation and connect external lighting or warning equipment to realize the lighting and warning functions of the vehicle;

[0024] The NTC temperature interface is used to connect an external NTC sensor to monitor the system temperature and transmit it to the CPU. When overheating is detected, the CPU promptly controls and turns on the cooling fan to ensure safe operation.

[0025] The power input interface is used to receive a reference voltage required for operation as an input voltage.

[0026] Furthermore, the CPU, motor control module, DC-DC conversion module, storage module, communication and simulation module, Bluetooth communication module, display module, test point, button module, external speed regulation module, voltage sampling module, current sampling module, cooling fan and driving light interface, NTC temperature interface, and power input interface are integrated on a circuit board.

[0027] Furthermore, the circuit board is connected to the motor, throttle, display screen, speaker, cooling fan, and running lights, and is powered by a battery.

[0028] Furthermore, the DC-DC conversion module includes a circuit that converts the input voltage +48V into +15V, +15V into +12V, +15V into +5V, and +5V into +3.3V; wherein, +48V and +15V voltages are provided to the motor control module, +12V voltage is provided to the cooling fan and driving light interface, +5V voltage is provided to the Bluetooth communication module, and +3.3V voltage is provided to the CPU, so that the above modules can operate normally.

[0029] Furthermore, the button module includes start, stop, acceleration, deceleration, and reverse buttons; when the system is powered on and the start button is pressed, the motor control module sends a PWM signal to control the operation of the motor; when the stop button is pressed, the PWM signal is cut off to stop the motor immediately; when the acceleration button is pressed, the motor speed increases; when the deceleration button is pressed, the motor speed decreases; when the reverse button is pressed, the motor reverses.

[0030] Furthermore, the test points include three neutral test points M, five GND test points, and one three-phase U, V, and W test point each. Users can connect an oscilloscope to each test point to directly measure the operating parameters of the energy-saving racing car's electronic control system, including voltage, current, and signal waveforms, and draw the waveform of the energy-saving racing car's electronic control system when it is working.

[0031] Furthermore, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes a download interface and a voltage detection interface;

[0032] The download interface is connected to the stlink downloader to burn the program code into the CPU;

[0033] The voltage detection interface includes +48V, +15V, +12V, +5V, +3.3V and GND, which is an expansion interface used to facilitate users to detect whether the voltage levels required by each module are normal.

[0034] Furthermore, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes an electrostatic tube, an anti-surge diode, a current sensor and a bus transceiver;

[0035] The electrostatic tube is used to prevent static electricity; the surge protection diode is used to suppress transient voltage and protect the circuit from voltage spikes; the current sensor is used to accurately measure current and provide an analog signal proportional to the current through its output voltage; the bus transceiver is used to transmit data between two incompatible logic levels or data buses to achieve bidirectional communication.

[0036] Furthermore, the CPU adopts STM32F103VET6; the storage module adopts W25Q128 chip; the communication and simulation module is connected to the host computer via Type-C; the Bluetooth communication module includes an XH2.54 interface consisting of +5V, TXD, RXD and GND; the display screen module includes an 8P XH2.54 interface; the cooling fan and driving light interface includes two 2P XH2.54 interfaces.

[0037] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module provided by the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention integrates a motor control module and a DC-DC module to achieve precise motor drive control, efficient voltage conversion, and energy management, thereby reducing energy loss and improving system energy efficiency, thereby significantly extending battery life.

[0039] 2. The present invention also optimizes system synergy by integrating storage modules and communication and simulation modules, achieving efficient data storage and real-time transmission, providing optimization strategies for motor control, and further improving energy efficiency.

[0040] 3. The present invention also reduces external interference and line failures through integrated design, improves system reliability and stability, and the rational layout of interfaces such as cooling fans and driving lights ensures effective heat dissipation of key components and avoids overheating failures.

[0041] 4. The present invention also makes maintenance and upgrades more convenient through integrated module design, reducing maintenance costs and time. Standardized test points and key modules facilitate fault diagnosis and debugging, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0042] 5. The present invention also relies on efficient energy utilization and stable performance to enable the racing car to demonstrate better acceleration performance and handling stability in the competition, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of the racing car and providing technical support for the racing team to achieve excellent results in the competition.

[0043] In summary, the electronic control system for an energy-saving racing car provided by the present invention achieves precise control and reduces wiring harness redundancy through the synergistic effect of highly integrated modules, thereby greatly improving system energy efficiency and maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the PCB structure of the energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top PCB of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom PCB of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 3D schematic diagram;

[0050] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 3D schematic diagram;

[0051] Figure 7 The CPU module of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 The motor control module of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 The DC-DC conversion module of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 A storage module for the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 The communication and simulation module and the Bluetooth communication module of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 12 The display screen module, cooling fan, and driving light interfaces and test points of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 13 The key module and external speed control module of the PCB board principle diagram of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 14 The voltage sampling module and the current sampling module of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 15 It is the NTC temperature interface and power input interface of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 16 The remaining modules of the PCB board schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the testing phase of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 18 The electrical schematic diagram of the tram for the present invention participating in the 2025 Shell Eco-marathon Asia Pacific and Middle East races;

[0063] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. CPU; 2. Motor control module; 3. DC-DC conversion module; 4. Storage module; 5. Communication and simulation module; 6. Bluetooth communication module; 7. Display module; 8. Cooling fan and driving light interface; 9. Test point; 10. Key module; 11. External speed control module; 12. Voltage sampling module; 13. Current sampling module; 14. NTC temperature interface; 15. Power input interface;

[0064] 9-1. Battery module; 9-2. External fuse; 9-3. Joulemeter; 9-4. External emergency stop button; 9-5. Internal emergency stop button; 9-6. External DC-DC step-down module; 9-7. Horn; 9-8. Windshield wiper; 9-9. Three-speed toggle switch; 9-10. External speed control switch; 9-11. Motor; 9-12. Headlights; 9-13. Front left turn signal; 9-14. Front right turn signal; 9-15. Rear taillight module; 9-16. Motor start switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module, thereby improving the energy efficiency and reliability of the electronic control system, saving space, reducing energy consumption, and improving the endurance and performance of the racing car.

[0067] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] like Figures 1-18 As shown, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module provided by the present invention includes: a CPU 1 integrated on a circuit board, and a motor control module 2, a DC-DC conversion module 3, a storage module 4, a communication and simulation module 5, a Bluetooth communication module 6, a display module 7, a cooling fan and driving light interface 8, a test point 9, a button module 10, an external speed regulation module 11, a voltage sampling module 12, a current sampling module 13, an NTC temperature interface 14 and a power input interface 15 electrically connected to the CPU 1.

[0070] The CPU 1 adopts STM32F103VET6, which is responsible for receiving sensor signals, executing program instructions, performing logical operations and control decisions, so as to accurately drive the actuators to complete various tasks and ensure the normal operation and function realization of the system.

[0071] The motor control module 2 receives and transmits signals to the CPU 1, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the motor and controlling its movements, including starting, stopping, forward and reverse rotation, and speed regulation. The module's inverter's three-phase upper and lower transistors are connected in parallel with three MOSFETs, increasing the power handling capacity and reducing the risk of tube explosion due to overcurrent.

[0072] The DC-DC conversion module 3 is used to convert the input voltage to provide the required voltages for the other modules. Specifically, the DC-DC conversion module 3 includes conversion circuits for converting the external input voltage +48V to +15V, +15V to +12V, +15V to +5V, and +5V to +3.3V. Among them, +48V and +15V voltages are provided to the motor control module 2, +12V voltage is provided to the cooling fan and driving light interface 8, +5V voltage is provided to the Bluetooth communication module 6, and +3.3V voltage is provided to the CPU 1, so that the above modules can work normally.

[0073] The storage module 4 uses the W25Q128 chip, which is a 128M-bit (16MB) serial flash memory chip suitable for systems with limited space, pins and power consumption; it is used to store the data, parameters and program code information required for system operation, and save user settings, historical data, and fault records, providing support for the normal operation and data management of the CPU 1.

[0074] The communication and simulation module 5 is connected to the host computer via Type-C, and is used to realize data transmission and information exchange between the host computer and the slave computer (i.e., the motor controller), burning of source code, communication and simulation with external devices (such as sensors, controllers, etc.), etc., and adjust the motor speed, torque and acceleration according to the information received from the host computer.

[0075] The Bluetooth communication module 6 includes an XH2.54 interface consisting of +5V, TXD, RXD and GND, which is connected to an external Bluetooth module to realize wireless communication between the electronic control system and mobile devices (such as smart phones, tablets, etc.), providing support for technicians to remotely control the equipment, obtain equipment status, and set parameters through applications on mobile devices.

[0076] The display screen module 7 includes an 8P XH2.54 interface, which is connected to an external display screen to receive information from the CPU 1 and display the system status, battery performance parameters (voltage, current, temperature, etc.) and fault information in real time, making it convenient for the driver to understand the vehicle operation status in real time.

[0077] The cooling fan and driving light interface 8 includes two 2P XH2.54 interfaces, which are used to connect the cooling fan to expand active heat dissipation and connect external lighting or warning equipment, such as headlights, horns, etc., to realize the lighting and warning functions of the vehicle.

[0078] The test points 9 are physical connection points for measuring and monitoring specific signals. They are used to connect to test equipment (such as an oscilloscope or multimeter) to directly measure parameters such as voltage, current, and signal waveforms, and provide the necessary information for fault diagnosis, performance evaluation, and debugging of the CPU 1. The test points 9 include three neutral test points (M), five GND test points, and one three-phase (U, V, W) test point. Users can connect an oscilloscope to each test point to plot the waveform during operation of the present invention and adjust parameters.

[0079] The button module 10 is used to input instructions or perform operations through physical buttons, including starting / stopping the motor, adjusting parameters, switching modes, etc.; the button module 10 includes buttons such as start, stop, acceleration, deceleration, and reverse; wherein, when the electronic control system of the present invention is powered on and the start button is pressed, the motor control module 2 sends a PWM signal to control the operation of the motor; when the stop button is pressed, the PWM signal is cut off to stop the motor immediately; when the acceleration button is pressed, the motor speed increases; equivalently, when the deceleration button is pressed, the motor speed decreases; when the reverse button is pressed, the motor reverses.

[0080] The external speed control module 11 is used to receive external signals (such as analog voltage, pulse signal, etc.) to control the speed of the motor and achieve precise speed control.

[0081] The voltage sampling module 12 is used to monitor the battery voltage, ensure that the system operates within a safe voltage range, and provide accurate voltage data.

[0082] The current sampling module 13 is used to monitor the battery current and promptly report the information to the CPU so that the CPU can control the current to ensure the safe operation of the motor and battery.

[0083] The NTC temperature interface 14 is used to connect an external NTC sensor to monitor the system temperature and transmit it to the CPU. When overheating is detected, the CPU promptly controls and turns on the cooling fan to ensure safe operation.

[0084] The power input interface 15 is used to receive a reference voltage required for operation as an input voltage.

[0085] The circuit board also includes four threaded holes for connecting to the base through copper columns to keep it fixed.

[0086] In this embodiment, Figure 7 、 Figure 10、 Figure 16 As shown, the CPU module, storage module and other modules can all adopt common circuits in the prior art. The present invention does not make any progressive changes and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] In this embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, compared with the simple three-phase bridge drive circuit used in the prior art, the motor control module of the present invention adopts two driver chips EG2134 in parallel, and each phase is composed of six MOSFETs (the upper and lower bridge arms are respectively composed of three MOSFETs in parallel), which respectively control the forward and reverse currents of the motor windings.

[0088] The motor control module mainly includes two driver chips EG2134, 18 MOSFETs (the U phase is composed of Q1-Q6, the V phase is composed of Q7-Q12, and the W phase is composed of Q13-Q18), 9 current sampling resistors (such as R128, R29, R32, etc.), 9 freewheeling diodes D3-D11, and multiple filter capacitors (such as C34-C42, C25-C26, C61, C82, etc.).

[0089] The two parallel driver chips EG2134 receive PWM signals from the main control chip STM32F103VET6, and drive the gates of the high-side and low-side MOSFETs through their high-side output pins (HO1, HO2, HO3) and low-side output pins (LO1, LO2, LO3), respectively, to control the current of the three-phase windings of the motor. A current sampling resistor is connected in series with the motor windings to detect the current and feed it back to the main control chip for precise control. The freewheeling diode provides a current loop when the MOSFET is turned off, preventing the reverse electromotive force from damaging the MOSFET. The filter capacitor is used to smooth the power supply voltage, reduce power supply noise, and ensure stable operation of the circuit.

[0090] The voltage sampling module and the current sampling module (such as Figure 14 The current sampling circuit, composed of the SGM8634XS14 / TR operational amplifier (shown in Figure 1), accurately samples the motor's three-phase current and transmits the sampled signal to the STM32F103VET6 control chip for processing. Overvoltage protection diodes (freewheeling diodes D3-D11) and overcurrent protection resistors (current sampling resistor R128, etc.) are also added to both the power input and output terminals. When overcurrent or overvoltage conditions occur, the power supply is promptly cut off to protect the circuit from damage.

[0091] The multiple driver chips, MOSFETs, current sampling resistors, etc. connected in parallel in the current sampling module significantly improve the power carrying capacity of the module, effectively reduce the risk of board burn-in, thereby greatly enhancing the stability and reliability of the circuit, and providing a solid guarantee for the efficient and safe operation of the system.

[0092] In this embodiment, Figure 9 As shown, compared with the simple single-stage power conversion or direct use of an external power module in the prior art, the present invention adopts a multi-stage power conversion circuit (i.e., from +48V to +15V, +15V to +12V, +15V to +5V, and finally +5V to VCC).

[0093] The +48V to +15V converter in the DC-DC converter module filters the input +48V power supply through a filter circuit consisting of capacitors C8-C12, C62-C67, and a 4.7uH inductor. This filter then converts the input +48V power supply to a +15V power supply via the TPS54560 voltage regulator chip. Capacitors C8, C9, C10-C11, C62-65, C66, and C67 have capacities of 10uF, 1uF, 100nF, 47uF, 4.7uF, and 47pF, respectively. The 4.7uH inductor acts as both an energy storage and filtering device. The TPS54560 voltage regulator chip's input is connected to a +48V power supply, while its output outputs a +15V power supply.

[0094] The +15V to +12V circuit in the DC-DC converter module converts the +15V power supply from +15V to +12V via capacitors C58 and C59 and a voltage regulator chip, LM7812. Capacitors C58 and C59, both 1uF, are used for input and output filtering. The LM7812 voltage regulator chip's input is connected to the +15V power supply, and its output delivers a stable +12V supply.

[0095] The +15V to +5V circuit in the DC-DC converter module filters the +15V input through a filter circuit consisting of capacitors C13-C17, C29, and a 6.8uH inductor. The +15V input is then filtered by the RT7227BGSP voltage regulator chip, which converts it to +5V. Capacitors C13, C14-C17, and C29 have capacities of 100nF, 47uF, and 2.7nF, respectively. The 6.8uH inductor acts as both energy storage and filtering. The RT7227BGSP voltage regulator chip's input is connected to the +15V power supply, while its output outputs +5V power.

[0096] The +5V to VCC voltage drop circuit in the DC-DC converter module converts the +5V power supply to VCC voltage via an AMS1117-3.3V voltage regulator chip. The input is connected to the +5V power supply, and the output provides a 3.3V voltage. The circuit includes capacitors C18, C19, and C30, with capacities of 100nF and 10uF, respectively, for input and output filtering to ensure power supply stability.

[0097] The multi-stage power conversion circuit not only provides a more stable, low-ripple output voltage through step-by-step voltage reduction and filtering, but also improves overall efficiency by managing heat loss in stages. At the same time, it increases design flexibility and system reliability, allowing the power supply system to adapt to various working conditions and facilitate maintenance and upgrades.

[0098] In addition, the energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes a download interface and a voltage detection interface;

[0099] The download interface is connected to the stlink downloader to burn the program code into the CPU 1;

[0100] The voltage detection interface includes +48V, +15V, +12V, +5V, +3.3V and GND, which is an expansion interface used to facilitate users to detect whether the voltage levels required by each module are normal.

[0101] The energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes an electrostatic tube PESDSC2FD5VB, an anti-surge diode SMBJ30CA, a current sensor INA286 and a bus transceiver 74HC245;

[0102] The electrostatic tube is used to prevent static electricity; the surge protection diode is used to suppress transient voltage and protect the circuit from voltage spikes; the current sensor is used to accurately measure current and provide an analog signal proportional to the current through its output voltage; the bus transceiver is used to transmit data between two incompatible logic levels or data buses to achieve bidirectional communication.

[0103] In this embodiment, Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 15 As shown, compared with the single control interface in the prior art, the present invention also includes a serial communication interface (implemented by the chip CH340G), an emulated Bluetooth communication module (i.e., an interface for communication with the host computer), a cooling fan and driving light interface, a display interface, a test point, an external control interface (i.e., RUN, STOP and other signal control interfaces) and an NTC temperature interface.

[0104] Multiple external control interfaces provide a variety of peripheral control options and combinations, increasing system flexibility, user customization options, and enhancing device availability. This invention utilizes a highly integrated modular design to simplify maintenance, support system scalability, and improve overall system reliability, enabling the system to adapt to diverse application scenarios and user needs while facilitating future upgrades and maintenance.

[0105] In this embodiment, Figure 17 As shown, the circuit board is connected to the motor, throttle, display, horn, fan, and driving lights, and powered by a battery.

[0106] When the circuit board is powered on, the power input interface 15 first supplies power to the entire system. The DC-DC conversion module 3 starts quickly, converts the input voltage into a stable power supply, and provides appropriate voltage for each module. The CPU 1 then wakes up, initializes the system, and reads the preset parameters from the storage module 4. The motor control module 2 drives the motor to run according to the instructions of the CPU 1. The communication and simulation module 5 and the Bluetooth communication module 6 establish a connection to realize data interaction and remote control. The display module 7 displays the system status, and the cooling fan and driving light interface 8 starts the cooling fan and controls the driving lights according to the temperature and demand. The test point 9 monitors the signal in real time, the button module 10 receives manual instructions, and the external speed control module 11 adjusts the motor speed. The voltage sampling module 12 and the current sampling module 13 provide real-time feedback on the power status, and the NTC temperature interface 14 monitors the temperature to ensure safe operation of the system.

[0107] When the battery is powered, the running lights and display immediately illuminate. Simultaneously, the driver generates an analog-to-digital converter signal by turning the throttle. This system uses a pre-set algorithm to precisely control the motor's speed and angle, rotating the motor and, in turn, driving the car. During driving, the running lights remain continuously illuminated, and the display shows real-time system status, battery voltage, current, and other parameters, as well as fault information, allowing the driver to monitor the device's operating status. Furthermore, the system continuously monitors temperature and activates a fan to dissipate heat if the motor or battery temperature becomes excessive.

[0108] When encountering an emergency, the driver presses the horn switch and the horn sounds to warn pedestrians outside the car.

[0109] When a driver reports a special situation, technicians can remotely control the host computer to debug and repair it to ensure stable operation of the system.

[0110] In this embodiment, Figure 18As shown, the electrical schematic diagram of the tram of the present invention participating in the 2025 Shell Eco-marathon Asia Pacific and Middle East Station includes the electronic control system of the present invention, a battery module 9-1 for providing power to the present invention, an external fuse (30A) 9-2, a joulemeter 9-3 provided by the race organizer to measure the race results, an external emergency stop button 9-4, an internal emergency stop button 9-5, a horn 9-7 and its start switch, a wiper 9-8 and its start switch, an external speed control switch 9-10, a motor 9-11, external DC-DC step-down module (+48V to +12V) 9-6, two headlights 9-12 and their start switches, front left turn signal 9-13 and front right turn signal 9-14 and their start switches (including a double flash function controlled by another switch), and rear taillight module 9-15 (including functions such as rear left turn signal, rear right turn signal, running lights, and brake lights. The rear left and right turn signals and the front left and right turn signals are respectively controlled by the same start switch).

[0111] When the external emergency stop switch 9-4 and the internal emergency stop switch 9-5 are closed simultaneously, the battery module powers the system, the current passes through the fuse (30A) to protect the circuit from overcurrent damage, and then flows into the joule meter for monitoring power consumption.

[0112] The current then passes through an external emergency stop switch and an internal emergency stop switch, both of which are designed to quickly cut off power in an emergency.

[0113] The current then flows to the X5 interface of the present invention to power the electronic control system of the present invention. The present invention is connected to the external adjustment potentiometer 9-10, the motor start switch 9-16 and the motor 9-11 through the X1, X2, X3 and X4 interfaces to adjust the operation of the motor 9-11 to ensure the normal driving of the tram.

[0114] The DC-DC converter module 3 in the present invention converts the battery voltage into a voltage suitable for use by other modules. The converted power is supplied to the storage module, communication and simulation module, Bluetooth communication module, etc. to support data storage, communication and remote control functions.

[0115] Current also flows to the display module 7 for displaying system status and diagnostic information. The cooling fan and driving light interface 8 controls the operation of the cooling fan and the status of the driving lights to keep the system cool and improve visibility.

[0116] The voltage sampling module 12 and the current sampling module 13 monitor the voltage and current of the battery and motor to ensure that the system operates within safe parameters. The NTC temperature interface 14 monitors the temperature of the battery and other key components to prevent overheating.

[0117] The current also flows through the various functional light modules to control the turn signals, running lights, and brake lights, enhancing vehicle safety. The entire system receives user input through the key module and adjusts the speed through the external speed control module, enabling user control of the tram.

[0118] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on an integrated energy-saving module, characterized in that: include: A CPU and a motor control module, a DC-DC conversion module, a storage module, a communication and simulation module, a Bluetooth communication module, a display module, a cooling fan and driving light interface, a test point, a button module, an external speed control module, a voltage sampling module, and a current sampling module electrically connected to the CPU; The CPU is responsible for receiving sensor signals, executing program instructions, performing logical operations and control decisions to accurately drive the actuators to complete various tasks and ensure the normal operation and function realization of the system; The motor control module is used to receive or transmit signals to the CPU, convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, drive the motor to operate, and control the action of the motor, including starting, stopping, forward and reverse rotation, and speed regulation operations; The DC-DC conversion module is used to convert the input voltage to provide the required voltage for the other modules; The storage module is used to store the data, parameters and program code information required for system operation, and save user settings, historical data, fault records, and provide support for the normal operation and data management of the CPU; The communication and simulation module is used to realize data transmission and information exchange between the host computer and the slave computer, burn the source code, communicate and simulate with external devices, and adjust the motor speed, torque and acceleration according to the information received from the host computer; The Bluetooth communication module is used to achieve wireless communication between the electronic control system and the mobile device, providing support for technicians to remotely control the system, obtain system status, and set parameters through applications on the mobile device; The display screen module is used to receive information from the CPU and display system status, battery performance parameters and fault information in real time, so that the driver can understand the vehicle operation status in real time; The cooling fan and driving light interface is used to connect the cooling fan to expand active heat dissipation and connect external lighting or warning equipment to realize the lighting and warning functions of the vehicle; The test point is a physical connection point for measuring and monitoring specific signals, used to access test equipment, and provide the required information for fault diagnosis, performance evaluation and debugging of the CPU; The button module is used to input instructions or perform operations through physical buttons, including starting / stopping the motor, adjusting parameters, and switching modes; The external speed control module is used to receive an external signal to control the speed of the motor; The voltage sampling module is used to monitor the battery voltage, ensure that the system operates within a safe voltage range, and provide accurate voltage data; The current sampling module is used to monitor the battery current and promptly report it to the CPU so that it can control the current to ensure the safe operation of the motor and battery.

2. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes: an NTC temperature interface and a power input interface; The NTC temperature interface is used to connect an external NTC sensor to monitor the system temperature and transmit it to the CPU. When overheating is detected, the CPU promptly controls and turns on the cooling fan to ensure safe operation. The power input interface is used to receive a reference voltage required for operation as an input voltage.

3. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The CPU, motor control module, DC-DC conversion module, storage module, communication and simulation module, Bluetooth communication module, display module, test point, button module, external speed regulation module, voltage sampling module, current sampling module, cooling fan and driving light interface, NTC temperature interface, and power input interface are integrated on a circuit board.

4. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The circuit board is connected with the motor, the throttle, the display screen, the horn, the cooling fan, and the running light, and is powered by a battery.

5. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The DC-DC conversion module includes a circuit that converts the input voltage +48V into +15V, +15V into +12V, +15V into +5V, and +5V into +3.3V; wherein, the circuit provides +48V and +15V voltages to the motor control module, provides +12V voltage to the cooling fan and driving light interface, provides +5V voltage to the Bluetooth communication module, and provides +3.3V voltage to the CPU, so that the above modules can work normally.

6. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The button module includes start, stop, accelerate, decelerate, and reverse buttons. When the system is powered on and the start button is pressed, the motor control module sends a PWM signal to control the operation of the motor; when the stop button is pressed, the PWM signal is cut off to stop the motor immediately; when the accelerate button is pressed, the motor speed increases; when the decelerate button is pressed, the motor speed decreases; and when the reverse button is pressed, the motor reverses.

7. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The test points include three neutral test points M, five GND test points, and one three-phase U, V, and W test point each. Users can connect an oscilloscope to each test point to directly measure the operating parameters of the energy-saving racing car's electronic control system, including voltage, current, and signal waveforms, and draw the waveform of the energy-saving racing car's electronic control system when it is working.

8. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes a download interface and a voltage detection interface; The download interface is connected to the stlink downloader to burn the program code into the CPU; The voltage detection interface includes +48V, +15V, +12V, +5V, +3.3V and GND, which is an expansion interface used to facilitate users to detect whether the voltage levels required by each module are normal.

9. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy-saving racing car electronic control system also includes an electrostatic tube, an anti-surge diode, a current sensor and a bus transceiver; The electrostatic tube is used to prevent static electricity; the surge protection diode is used to suppress transient voltage and protect the circuit from voltage spikes; the current sensor is used to accurately measure current and provide an analog signal proportional to the current through its output voltage; the bus transceiver is used to transmit data between two incompatible logic levels or data buses to achieve bidirectional communication.

10. The energy-saving racing car electronic control system based on the integrated energy-saving module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The CPU uses STM32F103VET6; the storage module uses W25Q128 chip; the communication and simulation module is connected to the host computer via Type-C; the Bluetooth communication module includes an XH2.54 interface consisting of +5V, TXD, RXD and GND; the display screen module includes an 8P XH2.54 interface; the cooling fan and driving light interface includes two 2P XH2.54 interfaces.

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