Potential stroke risk assessment method and system after coronary artery recanalization operation

Abstract

The invention discloses a potential stroke risk assessment method and system after coronary artery recanalization, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the heart and cerebral vessel image data of a patient, and constructing a complete heart and cerebral artery blood vessel geometric model; based on the cardio-cerebral artery blood vessel geometric model, numerical simulation is conducted on the flowing conditions of blood flow in coronary arteries and cerebral vessels by means of a computational fluid mechanics method, and the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral vessels are calculated; according to the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, the potential risk of the cerebral arterial thrombosis is quantitatively evaluated, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio numerical value and a cerebral arterial thrombosis risk evaluation report are generated. According to the cerebral apoplexy risk quantitative evaluation method, by integrating coronary artery CTA and cranial CTA or MRA data, reconstructing a complete heart and cerebral vessel geometric model and simulating heart and cerebral blood flow changes before and after a coronary artery recanalization operation, and particularly by calculating coronary artery FFR and cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio FPR, an evaluation report is generated, and a basis for quantitative evaluation of the cerebral apoplexy risk in the operation is provided for clinical doctors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of risk assessment, and in particular to a method, system, terminal and computer-readable storage medium for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery. Background Art

[0002] Coronary revascularization procedures (such as stent implantation) may improve myocardial blood supply while also affecting cerebral hemodynamics, increasing the risk of ischemic stroke. Currently, there is a lack of effective non-invasive methods to quantitatively assess the impact of coronary revascularization procedures on stroke risk.

[0003] Coronary revascularization procedures, such as stenting or coronary artery bypass grafting, have become an important treatment for coronary artery disease and coronary artery stenosis, significantly reducing the incidence of myocardial infarction by restoring myocardial blood supply. However, despite the significant success of these procedures in improving myocardial ischemia, potential complications, such as the risk of stroke, particularly ischemic stroke, remain a significant clinical challenge. Coronary revascularization procedures not only alter cardiac hemodynamics but may also affect cerebral blood flow distribution, particularly in the presence of blood pressure fluctuations or blood flow redistribution.

[0004] Currently, stroke risk assessment is mainly based on clinical manifestations and imaging examinations, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). However, these methods cannot effectively assess the overall impact of coronary artery recanalization surgery on the hemodynamics of the entire cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system.

[0005] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, system, terminal and computer-readable storage medium for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, aiming to solve the problem in the existing technology that there is a lack of effective non-invasive methods for quantitative assessment of the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, which cannot help doctors comprehensively evaluate the impact of surgery on the risk of ischemic stroke.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Acquiring the patient's cardiovascular imaging data, and constructing a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data;

[0009] Based on the geometric model of cardiovascular and cerebral arteries, computational fluid dynamics methods are used to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels, and the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of cerebral blood vessels are calculated;

[0010] The potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively assessed based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated.

[0011] Optionally, the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery, wherein the step of acquiring cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data of the patient and constructing a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model based on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data, specifically includes:

[0012] Obtain the patient's coronary artery CTA images through high-resolution coronary CT angiography, obtain the patient's cranial CTA or MRA images through cranial CTA or MRA, and combine them to obtain cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data;

[0013] The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data are segmented by image processing software, the geometric structures of the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels are extracted respectively, and a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is used to construct a patient-specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model.

[0014] Optionally, in the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery, the coronary artery CTA image is used to clearly display the coronary artery anatomical structure, and the cranial CTA or MRA image is used to display the brain vascular structure.

[0015] Optionally, the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery, wherein the method uses computational fluid dynamics methods to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model, and calculates the pressure ratio before and after coronary stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of cerebral blood vessels, specifically includes:

[0016] During the simulation process, the patient's personalized physiological parameters are combined to define boundary conditions and dynamically simulate the blood flow velocity and pressure distribution;

[0017] Solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which are used to describe the flow behavior of fluids within blood vessels, discretizes the Navier-Stokes equations using the finite element method or the finite volume method, divides the continuous blood flow domain into discrete grid cells, and performs numerical calculations on each grid cell to obtain the velocity distribution and pressure distribution of blood in the geometric structure of the blood vessel, as well as the flow of blood in different branching vessels;

[0018] Based on the pressure difference obtained by solving the equation, the pressure ratio FFR before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio FPR of cerebral blood vessels are calculated.

[0019] Optionally, in the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery, the pressure ratio FFR is used to assess the coronary artery stenosis function, and the partial pressure ratio FPR is used to assess the supply of cerebral blood flow.

[0020] Optionally, in the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery, the calculation formula of the pressure ratio FFR is:

[0021] FFR=P d / P a ;

[0022] Among them, P d Indicates the pressure distal to the coronary artery stenosis, P a Indicates the pressure proximal to the coronary artery stenosis;

[0023] The calculation formula of the pressure divider ratio FPR is:

[0024] FPR=P d,cerebral / P a,cerebral；

[0025] Among them, P d,cerebral Indicates the pressure distal to the cerebral vascular stenosis, P a,cerebral Indicates the pressure proximal to the site of cerebral vascular stenosis.

[0026] Optionally, the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery, wherein the potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively assessed based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated, specifically comprising:

[0027] analyzing the hemodynamic changes of the patient before and after coronary artery recanalization surgery according to the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio;

[0028] Multiple sampling points are taken from the patient's coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels to calculate changes in coronary and cerebral blood flow before and after surgery;

[0029] Based on the calculation result of the partial pressure ratio, the potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively evaluated, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated.

[0030] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention further provides a system for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, wherein the system for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery comprises:

[0031] A data acquisition and modeling module is used to obtain the patient's cardiovascular imaging data and construct a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data;

[0032] A numerical simulation and calculation module is used to perform numerical simulation of blood flow in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model using computational fluid dynamics methods, and calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of cerebral blood vessels;

[0033] The risk assessment and report generation module is used to quantitatively assess the potential risk of ischemic stroke based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and to generate a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report.

[0034] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a terminal, wherein the terminal includes: a memory, a processor, and a potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery implements the steps of the potential stroke risk assessment method after coronary artery recanalization surgery as described above when executed by the processor.

[0035] In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery, and when the potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery is executed by a processor, the steps of the potential stroke risk assessment method after coronary artery recanalization surgery as described above are implemented.

[0036] In the present invention, the patient's cardiovascular imaging data is obtained, and a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial vascular geometric model is constructed based on the cardiovascular and cerebral vascular imaging data; based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial vascular geometric model, the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels is numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics methods to calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral blood vessels; based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, the potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively evaluated, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated. The present invention reconstructs a complete cardiovascular and cerebral vascular geometric model by integrating coronary CTA and cranial CTA or MRA data, and combines CFD technology to simulate changes in cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow before and after coronary recanalization surgery, especially by calculating the coronary FFR and the cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio FPR, to generate an assessment report, providing clinicians with a quantitative assessment basis for the risk of stroke caused by surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a patient's individualized coronary CTA image, cranial CTA or MRA, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular three-dimensional geometric model in a preferred embodiment of the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of boundary conditions for simulating cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow in a preferred embodiment of the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of computational domain meshing and regional decomposition in a preferred embodiment of the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of changes in coronary FFR and cerebral vascular FPR before and after coronary recanalization in a preferred embodiment of the method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 1 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a system for assessing the risk of potential stroke after coronary recanalization surgery according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the terminal of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology in medicine has provided a new approach for the non-invasive assessment of vascular disease. Using patient imaging data (such as coronary CTA or brain CTA), a three-dimensional geometric model of the coronary arteries and cerebral vessels is reconstructed. Based on this, hemodynamic simulations are performed to calculate parameters such as blood flow pressure and velocity within the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular network. This type of method has been widely used to calculate coronary functional flow reserve (FFR) to assess the impact of coronary artery stenosis on myocardial blood supply. However, these assessments primarily focus on the coronary arteries, and the impact on the entire cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system after coronary recanalization surgery has not been systematically studied.

[0046] In recent years, some researchers have proposed solutions that integrate cerebral hemodynamic simulations. For example, by integrating brain CTA or MRA images to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the cerebral vascular system, combined with CFD simulations to analyze stroke risk. However, existing cerebral blood flow simulations mostly separate cerebral blood flow from cardiac blood flow, failing to fully consider the holistic interaction between the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. In particular, existing technologies lack targeted analysis of the interconnected changes in cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics induced by coronary recanalization surgery.

[0047] Existing cardiovascular risk assessment technologies have the following two limitations when addressing the risk of stroke associated with coronary recanalization surgery:

[0048] Most existing technologies are based on independent analyses of local vascular systems (e.g., evaluating only coronary or cerebral blood flow), failing to consider the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems as a whole. This isolated assessment method fails to reflect the synergistic effects of cardiac and cerebral blood flow. Especially after coronary recanalization surgery, changes in cardiac blood flow may directly affect cerebral blood flow distribution, leading to an increased risk of stroke. Existing local assessment methods are unable to accurately quantify this risk.

[0049] While currently used imaging modalities (such as CT and MRI) can identify anatomical structures with stenosis or obstruction, they lack detailed analysis of hemodynamic parameters, particularly the dynamic effects of surgery on blood pressure and flow. Furthermore, existing FFR calculation methods are primarily used to assess the risk of coronary artery stenosis and lack effective methods for analyzing cerebral blood flow risk, particularly without systematically introducing new parameters such as the cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR) to analyze the risk of cerebral blood flow obstruction.

[0050] The purpose of this invention is to reconstruct a complete geometric model of the cardiovascular system by combining coronary CTA with cranial CTA or MRA images. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, this method systematically simulates the effects of coronary recanalization surgery on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow. By calculating the coronary functional flow reserve (FFR) and the cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR), this method can provide clinically quantitative analysis of changes in cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow after coronary recanalization surgery, helping physicians comprehensively assess the impact of surgery on ischemic stroke risk and develop more precise treatment and prevention plans.

[0051] The method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary revascularization surgery includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S10: Acquire the patient's cardiovascular imaging data, and construct a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data.

[0053] Specifically, high-resolution coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is used to obtain the patient's coronary artery CTA image, and cranial CTA or MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) is used to obtain the patient's cranial CTA or MRA image, and the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data are combined; wherein, the coronary artery CTA image is used to clearly display the coronary artery anatomical structure, and the cranial CTA or MRA image is used to display the brain vascular structure; the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data are segmented by image processing software, and the geometric structures of the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels are extracted respectively. After segmentation, a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is used to construct a patient-specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model (i.e., a cardiovascular and cerebrovascular three-dimensional model), especially to accurately describe the stenosis areas of the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The image in the middle shows the patient's individualized coronary CTA image and cranial CTA or MRA (left) and cardiovascular 3D geometric model (right).

[0055] Step S20: Based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model, the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels is numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics methods to calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral blood vessels.

[0056] Specifically, based on the obtained cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model (cardiovascular three-dimensional model), the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels. The cardiovascular three-dimensional model in the numerical simulation refers to the solution area, that is, the boundary. The numerical simulation needs to be discretized and solved in the calculation domain defined by this three-dimensional geometry. The core of hemodynamic simulation is to solve the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the flow behavior of fluid in blood vessels. During the simulation process, the boundary conditions are defined in combination with the patient's personalized physiological parameters (such as blood pressure, heart rate, etc.), and the blood flow velocity, pressure distribution, etc. are dynamically simulated, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3Represents the boundary conditions for simulating cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow. The pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis (coronary FFR) and the partial pressure ratio (FPR) of cerebral blood vessels are calculated by numerical simulation. FFR is an important indicator for evaluating the function of coronary artery stenosis, and FPR is used to evaluate the supply of cerebral blood flow. In this process, the present invention adopts the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation to describe the flow of blood, and applies relevant boundary conditions, such as the Windkessel model of the vascular outlet, to simulate the elastic properties of the artery. These parameters help to accurately evaluate the impact of coronary recanalization surgery on cerebral blood flow, especially the linkage effect between coronary and cerebral blood flow.

[0057] The core of hemodynamic simulation lies in solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the flow behavior of blood as a fluid within blood vessels. The Navier-Stokes equations are a set of partial differential equations that describe the conservation of momentum and mass in a fluid and are typically solved numerically. In hemodynamics, solving the Navier-Stokes equations requires discretization. Common methods include the finite element method (FEM) or the finite volume method (FVM), which divide the continuous blood flow domain into discrete grid cells and then perform numerical calculations on each grid cell. The results of the Navier-Stokes equations include the velocity and pressure fields within the blood vessels. This means that by solving the equations, the velocity and pressure distribution of blood in complex vascular geometries such as coronary arteries and cerebral vessels can be determined, as well as the flow of blood in different branching vessels. Blood flow velocity and pressure are key indicators for assessing hemodynamic status, particularly within coronary artery stenosis and cerebral vascular stenosis. The pressure difference obtained by solving the equations can be further used to calculate the coronary functional flow reserve (FFR) and the cerebral partial pressure ratio (FPR).

[0058] The calculation formula of the pressure ratio FFR is:

[0059] FFR=P d / P a ;

[0060] Among them, P d Indicates the pressure distal to the coronary artery stenosis (distal pressure), that is, downstream pressure, P a It indicates the pressure proximal to the coronary artery stenosis (proximal pressure), that is, the upstream pressure.

[0061] The FFR value reflects the impact of coronary artery stenosis on myocardial blood supply. When the FFR is lower than 0.8, it is generally considered that the patient is at high risk of myocardial ischemia and requires further intervention.

[0062] The calculation formula of the pressure divider ratio FPR is:

[0063] FPR=P d,cerebral / P a,cerebral；

[0064] Among them, P d,cerebral Indicates the pressure distal to the stenosis of cerebral blood vessels (distal pressure), P a,cerebral Indicates the pressure proximal to the site of cerebral vascular stenosis (proximal pressure).

[0065] Currently, there is no ischemia diagnostic threshold for FPR similar to FFR, but a decrease in its value means an increased risk of cerebrovascular ischemia.

[0066] CFD simulations are used within a 3D geometric model to determine the pressure distribution of blood flow before and after stenosis. By collecting pressure values ​​proximal and distal to the stenosis site in a coronary artery or cerebral vessel, and substituting them into the above formula, FFR and FPR can be calculated.

[0067] In addition, the present invention adopts a parallel computing method based on regional decomposition to calculate coronary FFR and cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR), and optimizes the computing efficiency through the Newton-Krylov-Schwarz algorithm and RAS (Restricted Additive Schwarz) preprocessing technology. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 Schematic diagrams showing computational domain meshing (left) and domain decomposition (right). Different colors identify different computational blocks. Hemodynamic simulation tasks are broken down into multiple subtasks, which run in parallel to accelerate computation. Specifically, during the computational process, the cardiovascular network computational domain is divided into blocks using multi-core processors or high-performance computing clusters. Correspondingly, the hemodynamic simulation task is also divided into multiple subtasks and assigned to individual processors to accelerate computation. This block division, tailored to different vascular regions, significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of coronary FFR and cerebral blood flow pressure ratio (FPR) calculations, ensuring real-time simulation results.

[0068] Step S30: quantitatively assess the potential risk of ischemic stroke based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and generate a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report.

[0069] Specifically, based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio (i.e., the simulation results, which contain information about blood flow within the entire reconstructed cardiovascular and cerebrovascular network, including blood flow velocity and blood pressure at various locations, and can also obtain the flow structure of blood flow, etc.), the hemodynamic changes of patients before and after coronary recanalization surgery are analyzed (the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular calculation domains are solved before and after surgery, and the result files are output after calculation. The hemodynamic changes are then visualized to obtain the changes, such as the comparison of the FPR changes before and after surgery), especially the changes in the cerebral blood flow FPR; multi-point sampling is performed on the patient's coronary arteries and cerebral vessels, and the changes in coronary and cerebral blood flow before and after surgery are calculated; based on the calculation results of the partial pressure ratio, the potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively assessed, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated. The calculation results and assessment report of the coronary recanalization FFR and FPR are fed back to clinicians for use in assessing the risk of ischemic stroke in patients after coronary recanalization surgery.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, it shows the changes of coronary FFR and cerebral vascular FPR before and after coronary recanalization. The red line is before the operation, and the blue line is after the operation. Figure 5 It can be seen that after coronary artery recanalization, the coronary FFR increased significantly, indicating that the risk of myocardial ischemia was reduced. At the same time, the cerebral vascular FPR decreased significantly, indicating that the risk of stroke was increased.

[0071] The key innovation of this invention lies in addressing the hemodynamic impact of coronary recanalization surgery on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system. It proposes a comprehensive risk assessment method that combines coronary CTA with cranial CTA or MRA imaging, with a particular focus on quantifying stroke risk. This method reconstructs a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model and combines coronary and cerebral blood flow analysis to assess the impact of coronary recanalization surgery on cerebral blood flow. It introduces a new hemodynamic indicator, the cerebral flow pressure ratio (FPR), to assess the potential risk of postoperative stroke.

[0072] Based on coronary CTA and cranial CTA or MRA images, a three-dimensional model of the cardiovascular system is reconstructed and dynamically simulated in combination with the patient's personalized physiological data. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology is used to simulate blood flow changes before and after coronary recanalization surgery, and coronary FFR and cerebral blood flow FPR are calculated to provide a heart-brain coordinated blood flow assessment. Through the coordinated analysis of FPR and FFR parameters, changes in cerebral blood flow after coronary recanalization surgery and the risk of ischemic stroke are evaluated.

[0073] Existing technologies usually rely on invasive detection methods to evaluate the hemodynamic characteristics of coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels, which increases the complexity of surgery and patient discomfort. The present invention uses imaging data based on coronary CTA and cranial CTA or MRA to construct a patient-specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model through non-invasive means, and uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to simulate blood flow changes to achieve risk assessment after coronary recanalization surgery. By obtaining important indicators of cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow in a non-invasive manner, such as coronary functional flow reserve (FFR) and cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR), clinicians can accurately evaluate the impact of surgery on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system without increasing the risk of surgery, avoiding complications caused by traditional invasive testing and improving the patient's intraoperative safety.

[0074] Existing risk assessment technologies are mostly limited to the blood flow analysis of a single system, and it is difficult to accurately reflect the linkage effect between the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. The present invention combines coronary and cerebral blood flow for coupled assessment, comprehensively simulating the impact of coronary recanalization surgery on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. Using indicators such as FFR and FPR, the present invention can dynamically analyze the impact of changes in cardiac blood flow on cerebral blood flow after coronary recanalization, and quantify the potential risk of stroke. This coupled assessment method allows clinicians to not only understand the recovery of cardiac blood flow, but also monitor in real time whether cerebral blood flow will be negatively affected by coronary recanalization, thereby providing more accurate risk warnings and treatment guidance.

[0075] The present invention has been verified through preliminary numerical simulation and clinical experiments, and the results show that it has high accuracy and feasibility in evaluating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes and stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery. First, based on the coronary CTA and cranial CTA / MRA imaging data of actual patients, the present invention successfully constructed a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model, and used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to dynamically simulate the blood flow changes before and after coronary recanalization surgery. The simulation results show that coronary recanalization surgery significantly improves the blood supply of the coronary artery, and the FFR value returns to normal levels. At the same time, the calculation results of the cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR) reveal the dynamic changes of cerebral blood flow. Some patients showed a significant decrease in cerebral blood flow after surgery, indicating that coronary recanalization surgery has a certain linkage effect on cerebral blood flow.

[0076] This invention aims to reconstruct a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model by integrating coronary CTA and cranial CTA or MRA data, and combine CFD technology to simulate changes in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow before and after coronary recanalization surgery. In particular, by calculating the coronary FFR and cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio (FPR), it provides clinicians with a quantitative assessment basis for the risk of stroke caused by surgery, helps evaluate the impact of surgery on stroke risk, and provides an important reference for clinical practice.

[0077] Furthermore, the present invention also provides the following design changes and alternatives. These alternatives cover the replacement of some structures and method steps, and also include complete technical solutions adapted to different clinical applications.

[0078] (1) Alternative sources of image data:

[0079] The present invention not only relies on coronary CTA (coronary CT angiography) and cranial CTA or MRA (magnetic resonance angiography) as sources of imaging data, but can also use other imaging technologies to obtain the geometric structure of blood vessels. These alternative technologies include ultrasonic Doppler imaging, CT perfusion imaging, and even traditional X-ray angiography. While providing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular structures, these imaging technologies can supplement relevant blood flow information. By using these imaging data for three-dimensional reconstruction, it is still possible to effectively simulate blood flow changes and realize the evaluation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular hemodynamics after coronary recanalization surgery. This flexibility makes the present invention more adaptable and universal under different hospital equipment and patient conditions.

[0080] (2) Assessment of different vascular systems:

[0081] Although the present invention is mainly used for the evaluation of the combined cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow after coronary recanalization surgery, its technical principles can also be extended to the risk assessment of other vascular systems. For example, for carotid artery recanalization surgery or peripheral artery bypass surgery, the present invention can evaluate the postoperative blood flow changes and the corresponding ischemic risk through similar geometric modeling and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation analysis. By adopting the combined analysis method of coronary and cerebral blood flow, the present invention can achieve a global risk assessment after other vascular surgeries, provide doctors with more comprehensive decision support, and thus improve patient safety and surgical results.

[0082] (3) Blood flow prediction model based on machine learning:

[0083] In addition to numerical simulations based on CFD, the present invention can also integrate machine learning algorithms to use patients' historical data and simulation results for hemodynamic predictions. Through deep learning models (such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), coronary FFR (functional blood flow reserve) and cerebral blood flow FPR (pressure ratio) can be quickly predicted after inputting patient imaging data, thereby reducing the time required for CFD simulation. This solution combined with machine learning not only improves the evaluation efficiency, but also enables the present invention to be applied on a larger scale to meet clinical needs and reduce dependence on high-performance computing resources, thereby achieving faster and more efficient dynamic blood flow evaluation.

[0084] (4) Alternative calculation methods:

[0085] Although the present invention uses a parallel computing method based on regional decomposition to perform CFD simulation, other high-efficiency computing technologies can also be introduced to enhance simulation efficiency. For example, GPU (graphics processing unit) accelerated computing or a distributed simulation platform based on cloud computing can be used. These different computing methods can significantly improve the speed and efficiency of CFD calculations, ensuring that accurate cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow parameters can be quickly obtained under real-time evaluation requirements. By selecting a suitable computing platform and method, the present invention can be flexibly applied in different hardware and computing environments, enhancing the universality and practicality of the technology and making it adaptable to a wider range of clinical scenarios.

[0086] Further, if Figure 6 As shown, based on the above-mentioned method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, the present invention also provides a system for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, wherein the system for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery comprises:

[0087] The data acquisition and modeling module 51 is used to obtain the patient's cardiovascular imaging data and construct a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data;

[0088] A numerical simulation and calculation module 52 is used to perform numerical simulation of blood flow in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels using computational fluid dynamics methods based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model, and calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral blood vessels;

[0089] The risk assessment and report generation module 53 is used to quantitatively assess the potential risk of ischemic stroke based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and generate a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report.

[0090] Further, if Figure 7 As shown, based on the above-mentioned method and system for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery, the present invention also provides a terminal, which includes a processor 10, a memory 20 and a display 30. Figure 7 Only some of the components of the terminal are shown, but it should be understood that implementation of all of the shown components is not required, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0091] In some embodiments, the memory 20 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal, such as a hard disk or memory of the terminal. In other embodiments, the memory 20 may also be an external storage device of the terminal, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the terminal. Furthermore, the memory 20 may also include both an internal storage unit of the terminal and an external storage device. The memory 20 is used to store application software and various types of data installed on the terminal, such as the program code of the installation terminal. The memory 20 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output. In one embodiment, a potential stroke risk assessment program 40 after coronary artery recanalization surgery is stored on the memory 20, and the potential stroke risk assessment program 40 after coronary artery recanalization surgery can be executed by the processor 10, thereby realizing the potential stroke risk assessment method after coronary artery recanalization surgery in the present application.

[0092] In some embodiments, the processor 10 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other data processing chip, configured to execute program codes or process data stored in the memory 20, such as executing the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery.

[0093] In some embodiments, the display 30 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen. The display 30 is used to display information on the terminal and to display a visual user interface. The components 10-30 of the terminal communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0094] In one embodiment, when the processor 10 executes the potential stroke risk assessment program 40 after coronary artery recanalization surgery in the memory 20 , the steps of the method for assessing the potential stroke risk after coronary artery recanalization surgery described above are implemented.

[0095] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a program for assessing the risk of potential stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery, and when the program for assessing the risk of potential stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for assessing the risk of potential stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery as described above are implemented.

[0096] In summary, the present invention provides a method, system, terminal and storage medium for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery. The method includes: obtaining the patient's cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data, and constructing a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model based on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data; based on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model, using computational fluid dynamics methods to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels, and calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral blood vessels; based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, quantitatively assess the potential risk of ischemic stroke, and generate a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report. The present invention reconstructs a complete cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model by integrating coronary CTA and cranial CTA or MRA data, and combines CFD technology to simulate the changes in cardiovascular and cerebral blood flow before and after coronary recanalization surgery, especially by calculating the coronary FFR and the cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio FPR, to generate an assessment report, providing clinicians with a quantitative assessment basis for the risk of stroke caused by surgery.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal comprising the element.

[0098] Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware (such as a processor, controller, etc.) through a computer program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can be read by a computer. When the program is executed, it can include the processes in the above-described method embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium can be a memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.

[0099] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery, characterized in that: The potential stroke risk assessment methods after coronary revascularization surgery include: Acquiring the patient's cardiovascular imaging data, and constructing a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data; Based on the geometric model of cardiovascular and cerebral arteries, computational fluid dynamics methods are used to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels, and the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of cerebral blood vessels are calculated; The potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively assessed based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated.

2. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of acquiring the patient's cardiovascular imaging data and constructing a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data specifically includes: Obtain the patient's coronary artery CTA images through high-resolution coronary CT angiography, obtain the patient's cranial CTA or MRA images through cranial CTA or MRA, and combine them to obtain cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data; The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular imaging data are segmented by image processing software, the geometric structures of the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels are extracted respectively, and a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is used to construct a patient-specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular geometric model.

3. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coronary artery CTA image is used to clearly display the anatomical structure of the coronary arteries, and the cranial CTA or MRA image is used to display the vascular structure of the brain.

4. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the geometric model of the cardiovascular and cerebral arteries, the computational fluid dynamics method is used to numerically simulate the flow of blood in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels, and the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of the cerebral blood vessels are calculated, specifically including: During the simulation process, the patient's personalized physiological parameters are combined to define boundary conditions and dynamically simulate the blood flow velocity and pressure distribution; Solving the Navier-Stokes equations, which are used to describe the flow behavior of fluids within blood vessels, discretizes the Navier-Stokes equations using the finite element method or the finite volume method, divides the continuous blood flow domain into discrete grid cells, and performs numerical calculations on each grid cell to obtain the velocity distribution and pressure distribution of blood in the geometric structure of the blood vessel, as well as the flow of blood in different branching vessels; Based on the pressure difference obtained by solving the equation, the pressure ratio FFR before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio FPR of cerebral blood vessels are calculated.

5. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure ratio FFR is used to evaluate the coronary artery stenosis function, and the partial pressure ratio FPR is used to evaluate the cerebral blood flow supply.

6. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the pressure ratio FFR is: FFR=P d / P a ; Among them, P d Indicates the pressure distal to the coronary artery stenosis, P a Indicates the pressure proximal to the coronary artery stenosis; The calculation formula of the pressure divider ratio FPR is: FPR=P d,cerebral / P a,cerebral； Among them, P d,cerebral Indicates the pressure distal to the cerebral vascular stenosis, P a,cerebral Indicates the pressure proximal to the site of cerebral vascular stenosis.

7. The method for assessing potential stroke risk after coronary recanalization surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of quantitatively assessing the potential risk of ischemic stroke based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and generating a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report, specifically includes: analyzing the hemodynamic changes of the patient before and after coronary artery recanalization surgery according to the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio; Multiple sampling points are taken from the patient's coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels to calculate changes in coronary and cerebral blood flow before and after surgery; Based on the calculation result of the partial pressure ratio, the potential risk of ischemic stroke is quantitatively evaluated, and a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report are generated.

8. A system for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary recanalization surgery, characterized in that: The potential stroke risk assessment system after coronary revascularization surgery includes: A data acquisition and modeling module is used to obtain the patient's cardiovascular imaging data and construct a complete cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model based on the cardiovascular imaging data; A numerical simulation and calculation module is used to perform numerical simulation of blood flow in the coronary arteries and cerebral blood vessels based on the cardiovascular and cerebral arterial geometric model using computational fluid dynamics methods, and calculate the pressure ratio before and after coronary artery stenosis and the partial pressure ratio of cerebral blood vessels; The risk assessment and report generation module is used to quantitatively assess the potential risk of ischemic stroke based on the pressure ratio and the partial pressure ratio, and to generate a cerebral blood flow partial pressure ratio value and an ischemic stroke risk assessment report.

9. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes: a memory, a processor, and a potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the potential stroke risk assessment program after coronary artery recanalization surgery is executed by the processor, the steps of the potential stroke risk assessment method after coronary artery recanalization surgery as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a program for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for assessing the potential risk of stroke after coronary artery recanalization surgery are implemented as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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