Phase change material, fin and heat conduction pipe coupled battery heat management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of battery thermal management, in particular to a phase change material, fin and heat conduction pipe coupled battery thermal management system, which comprises a box body, a spiral spring fin, a rotary linkage piece, a heat conduction pipe, a phase change material and a cylindrical battery, the outer ring is provided with two cylindrical batteries and a rotary linkage piece, the two cylindrical batteries are fixed through a small pressing plate and a heat conduction pipe, the center is provided with four cylindrical batteries and a rotary linkage piece, and the four cylindrical batteries are fixed through a large pressing plate and a heat conduction pipe; the cylindrical battery is wrapped with the phase-change material, the cylindrical battery and the phase-change material are packaged in the heat conduction pipe, and the spiral spring fin is arranged outside the heat conduction pipe. Heat generated by continuous working of the cylindrical battery is quickly absorbed and taken away through the phase change material, the heat conduction pipe, the spiral spring fins and flowing air, the highest temperature of the battery pack is reduced, the temperature difference in the battery pack is reduced, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery thermal management, and in particular to a battery thermal management system coupled with a phase change material, a fin and a heat pipe. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the economy and society and the increasing need for environmental protection, new energy vehicles are playing an increasingly important role in the automotive industry. The emergence of electric vehicles not only alleviates the shortage of non-renewable energy but also effectively addresses environmental pollution. Lithium-ion batteries, the mainstream energy storage batteries used in electric vehicles, are sensitive to temperature fluctuations. The charging and discharging of battery packs generates significant heat, which can lead to power system failures and safety incidents. To maintain performance and slow capacity degradation, an effective thermal management system is essential.

[0003] Common thermal management technologies include air cooling, liquid cooling, and phase change cooling. The first two require additional energy during operation and are called active thermal management technologies. Phase change material thermal management, as a passive thermal management technology, does not require additional energy during operation. Furthermore, while absorbing or releasing large amounts of heat during the phase change process, its temperature remains nearly constant. Therefore, phase change material thermal management technology has received widespread attention in recent years and holds great promise for lithium-ion battery thermal management. However, the phase change range of any phase change material is limited. When the heat generated by the battery exceeds the maximum heat it can absorb during the phase change, the phase change material undergoes a complete phase change, and its heat absorption capacity drops sharply. Liquid sensible heat alone cannot dissipate the heat generated by the battery in a timely manner, causing the battery temperature to continue to rise, ultimately leading to the failure of the thermal management system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a battery thermal management system that couples phase change material, fins, and heat pipes. This coupled thermal management system, based on phase change material and active thermal management technology, is capable of quickly and promptly dissipating heat absorbed by the phase change material, thereby preventing thermal failure of the phase change material. This battery thermal management system, coupled with phase change material, fins, and heat pipes, leverages the high thermal conductivity of the fins to provide timely and effective thermal management of the battery, making it a key focus of battery thermal management. The phase change material in the heat pipes absorbs heat dissipated by the battery, pre-cooling the battery by leveraging the characteristic that the phase change material maintains a substantially constant temperature while absorbing heat. Simultaneously, the heat pipes transfer the heat absorbed by the phase change material to the outer wall of the heat pipes, where it is further dissipated through convection between the fins and air. Once the phase change material is completely melted, the sensible heat of the liquid alone cannot dissipate the heat generated by the battery in a timely manner, causing the battery temperature to rise continuously and ultimately leading to failure of the thermal management system. This heat dissipation method effectively prevents the heat generated by the battery from exceeding the maximum heat capacity that can be absorbed during the phase change period, leading to a complete phase change of the phase change material and a sharp decrease in its latent heat absorption capacity. The battery thermal management system that adds heat pipes, phase change materials, and coil spring fins, and that couples the phase change materials, fins, and heat pipes, can ensure that the battery box operates within a normal temperature range, thereby improving the stability of the battery box. The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery thermal management system that couples phase change materials, fins, and heat pipes, which can quickly absorb the heat generated by the continuous operation of the battery, and at the same time, promptly conduct the heat absorbed by the phase change material through the heat pipes and coil spring fins. In response to the heat dissipation requirements of batteries in different environments (low temperature and high wind speed, high temperature and low wind speed, and ultra-high temperature), the bidirectional compression structure flexibly adjusts the gap between the coil spring fins to keep the battery at a suitable operating temperature. Finally, in order to reduce the temperature difference between batteries in different positions in the battery box, a block management method is adopted.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes, including a box, a coil spring fin, a rotating linkage, a heat pipe, a phase change material and a cylindrical battery. The box includes a center and multiple outer rings. Each outer ring is provided with two cylindrical batteries and a rotating linkage. The two cylindrical batteries are fixed with a small pressure plate and a heat pipe. The center is provided with four cylindrical batteries and a rotating linkage. The four cylindrical batteries are fixed with a large pressure plate and a heat pipe. Each cylindrical battery includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The center and the same outer ring The positive poles of all cylindrical batteries in the center and the same outer ring are connected by wires, and the negative poles of all cylindrical batteries in the center and the same outer ring are connected by wires. The outside of each cylindrical battery is wrapped with phase change material and the cylindrical battery and the phase change material are encapsulated in a heat pipe. The heat dissipation section of the spiral spring fin is arranged on the outside of the heat pipe. A first guide rail is provided on both sides of each rotating linkage. The upper and lower ends of each rotating linkage are respectively connected to the first guide rail through a special nut. The special nuts are respectively matched with the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate. The special nuts are two pairs of conventional nuts. A cylinder adapted to the rotating linkage is provided on each of the weighing surfaces, and the ends of the two cylinders away from the conventional nuts are connected to the same ring. The special nut at the upper end and the special nut at the lower end of each rotating linkage are located on the same threaded column, and the ring is located at the outermost side of the special nut. The cylinder of the special nut is adapted to the first guide rails on both sides of each rotating linkage. The initial positions of the special nut at the upper end and the special nut at the lower end are at the upper and lower ends of the first guide rail. When the rotating linkage is twisted, the first guide rail will simultaneously move the special nut at the upper end and the special nut at the lower end. The nut applies equal torque, rotating the two custom nuts in the same direction and at the same speed. The phase-change material absorbs heat generated by the cylindrical battery cells, while the coil spring fins, along with the heat pipe, dissipate the heat. The coil spring fins, custom nuts, large and small pressure plates, threaded posts, and rotating linkages form a bidirectional compression structure. This allows for real-time adjustment of the coil spring fin parameters to meet the cooling requirements of the cylindrical battery cells under varying operating conditions, stabilizing the battery box temperature within an appropriate range and enhancing the box's adaptability. At low temperatures and high wind speeds, the gap between the coil spring fins is maximized, maximizing the effect of natural air cooling while also utilizing some of the coil spring fins for heat dissipation. At high temperatures and low wind speeds, the coil spring fins are compressed, increasing their contact area with the heat pipe and reducing the gap between them. This reduces the contribution of natural air cooling to the battery's heat dissipation, while increasing the contribution of the coil spring fins to the battery's heat dissipation. At ultra-high temperatures, the above two methods can no longer meet the heat dissipation needs of cylindrical batteries. At this time, the coil spring fins need to be further compressed so that they are completely concentrated in the middle of the cylindrical battery. At this time, the gap between the coil spring fins approaches zero, and the contact area between the coil spring fins and the cylindrical battery reaches the maximum, and the middle of the cylindrical battery will be forced to dissipate heat.The above three working conditions can effectively ensure that the battery box operates within the normal temperature range, thereby ensuring the performance of the battery box.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, a third guide rail is provided on the heat conducting pipe, which can also fix the moving direction of the spiral spring fin.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: an annular second guide rail is provided inside the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate, and the circular ring of the special nut is adapted to the annular second guide rail, which not only ensures that the special nut can rotate around the threaded column inside the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate, but also ensures that when the special nut rises or falls, a vertical force is applied to the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate at the same time, so that the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate and the special nut move in the same direction in the vertical direction.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the pitch and inclination angle of the upper thread and the lower thread of each threaded column are the same, and the rotation direction of the upper thread and the lower thread of each threaded column is different. A special nut with the same rotation direction is configured according to the thread rotation direction of the threaded column, and the threaded column is configured with threads with different rotation directions but the same other parameters. The purpose is that when the two special nuts rotate around the threaded column at the same speed and in the same direction, the upper and lower special nuts can move toward each other in the vertical direction of the threaded column, so as to simultaneously compress or stretch the coil spring fins. In addition, since the parameters of the upper thread and the lower thread of the threaded column are the same except the rotation direction, each time the rotating linkage drives the two special nuts to rotate one circle, the displacement of the two special nuts in the vertical direction of the threaded column is the same, that is, the compression and stretching at both ends of the coil spring fins are the same.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a track is provided at the bottom of the box, and a circular protrusion is provided at the bottom of each rotating linkage part. The rotating linkage part is fixed to the track through the protrusion to form a longitudinal fixation. Without restricting the rotation of the rotating linkage part around the central axis of the threaded column, the longitudinal movement of the rotating linkage part is restricted to ensure that the rotating linkage part will not fall off the bottom of the box when the rotating linkage part is twisted.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a box cover is installed on the box body, and only one positive electrode outlet is provided on the box cover, and only one negative electrode outlet is provided on the box body.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the large pressure plate and each small pressure plate are fixed with "T"-shaped plates and "L"-shaped plates, which not only play the role of dividing modules without isolating each module, but also effectively prevent the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate from offsetting during the rising or falling process, and reduce the impact on the natural air cooling effect.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the coil spring fins are connected to the heat pipe through a third guide rail, which not only ensures that the coil spring fins will not fall out of the heat pipe during the vibration of the battery box, but also ensures that the coil spring fins only move longitudinally along the heat pipe during the compression process and will not move in other directions.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the gaps between the cylindrical batteries arranged longitudinally and transversely in the box are the same, and the cylindrical battery matrix forms a square, so that the temperature distribution of the battery box will be more symmetrical.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The phase change process of the phase change material is used to absorb heat. The heat pipe absorbs the heat accumulated by the phase change material in time and exchanges heat with the outside world. The spiral spring fins are added around the heat pipe, which not only increases the heat dissipation area, but also makes up for the low efficiency of natural air cooling. At the same time, through the phase change process and the temperature equalization ability of the heat pipe, the surface temperature difference of the cylindrical battery is reduced, the battery box temperature is prevented from being too high, and the service life of the cylindrical battery is increased.

[0017] (2) To fix the coil spring fins, a third guide rail is provided on the heat pipe. The third guide rail only fixes the coil spring fins in the horizontal direction without affecting the longitudinal movement of the coil spring fins. It effectively prevents the coil spring fins from falling out of the heat pipe during the vibration of the battery box, thus avoiding failure of the heat dissipation system.

[0018] (3) Taking into account the fixing requirements of the phase change material and the cylindrical battery, the cylindrical battery is fastened using a sleeve plus a bidirectional fixation method. At the same time, the inner diameter of the phase change material perfectly fits the diameter of the cylindrical battery, and the inner diameter of the heat pipe perfectly fits the outer diameter of the phase change material, thereby improving the stability of the cylindrical battery and achieving a stable installation effect on the cylindrical battery and the phase change material.

[0019] (4) Use a reasonable circuit layout so that the battery box has only one positive pole outlet and one negative pole outlet, which is convenient for external wiring between the battery box and the battery box.

[0020] (5) A bidirectional compression structure is adopted, which can adjust the gap of the spiral spring fins in real time, thereby quickly adapting to the heat dissipation requirements of the cylindrical battery under different working conditions, stabilizing the battery box temperature within a suitable range, and enhancing the adaptability of the battery box.

[0021] (6) The battery box adopts a modular thermal management method because the temperature of the cylindrical batteries located in the center of the battery box is generally higher than that of the cylindrical batteries on the periphery of the battery box.

[0022] (7) To ensure good air convection inside the battery box, the impact of modularization on the natural air cooling effect should be minimized as much as possible. Therefore, the use of partitions should be reduced, and "T"-shaped plates and "L"-shaped plates should be set inside the battery box. These plates can not only play the role of partitioning, but also effectively prevent the large and small pressure plates from offsetting during the rising or falling process, and also reduce the impact on the natural air cooling effect.

[0023] (8) By utilizing the property of phase change materials that absorb a large amount of latent heat during the solid-liquid phase change process, the cylindrical battery continuously absorbs heat through the phase change process when it generates heat, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the cylindrical battery. At the same time, by relying on the temperature equalization ability of the phase change material, the temperature difference between the cylindrical battery cells is reduced, and the local overheating of the cylindrical battery is prevented, thereby improving the safety and stability of the cylindrical battery operation and extending the service life of the cylindrical battery.

[0024] (9) Filling the gaps between cylindrical batteries with phase change materials, the surface heat of the cylindrical batteries is efficiently absorbed through close contact. At the same time, the temperature rise rate is slowed down by the phase change process of the phase change material, thereby achieving passive control of the temperature of the cylindrical batteries and reducing the risk of thermal runaway caused by heat accumulation, thereby providing a stable thermal environment for the cylindrical batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first external structure of a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the second external structure of the battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the wiring arrangement of a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change materials, fins, and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention, without the box cover.

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the bidirectional compression structure in a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins, and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the compression principle in a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7This is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the nut, the small pressure plate and the large pressure plate in the battery thermal management system coupled with the phase change material, the fins and the heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coordination between the rotating linkage and the box in a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins, and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a front view of the coordination of the coil spring fins and the heat pipes in the battery thermal management system coupled with the phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a top view of the coordination of the coil spring fins and the heat pipes in the battery thermal management system coupled with the phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heat pipe in the battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nut in a battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins, and heat pipes in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1-box; 2-positive electrode; 3-negative electrode; 4-box cover; 5-wire; 6-large pressure plate; 7-small pressure plate; 8-special nut; 9-rotating linkage; 10-threaded column; 11-heat pipe; 12-helical spring fin; 13-phase change material; 14-cylindrical battery; 15-cylinder; 16-ring; 17-first guide rail; 18-second guide rail; 19-third guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The main problems currently encountered when the battery box is operating include: different battery temperatures at different positions in the battery box, with the battery temperature close to the box wall being lower than the battery temperature in the center of the box; the impact of battery box vibration on the relative position of the battery and phase change material; and the battery box's inability to meet the battery heat dissipation requirements in different environments, which in turn affects the battery box's operating efficiency and lifespan.

[0040] In order to solve the problem of uneven temperature of battery packs in the battery box, the internal and external batteries are divided into modules.

[0041] Since the batteries located in the center of the battery box are at the heat center, the internal batteries require higher heat dissipation efficiency than the external batteries. The internal batteries are less affected by natural air cooling than the external batteries, so the fin gap of the internal batteries is often smaller than the fin gap of the external batteries to ensure balanced temperature in the battery box.

[0042] In order to solve the problem of relative movement between batteries and phase change materials, a pressure plate is added to the heat pipe to form a bidirectional fixed structure for the battery and phase change material. At the same time, the inner diameter of the phase change material perfectly adapts to the battery diameter, and the inner diameter of the heat pipe perfectly adapts to the outer diameter of the phase change material.

[0043] In order to meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery under different working conditions and ensure that the battery operates at an appropriate temperature, compressible coil spring fins are used to make real-time adjustments when facing different working conditions. When the wind speed is low and the temperature is high, natural air cooling can basically meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery pack. Therefore, there is no need to rely too much on the coil spring fins for heat dissipation. The gap between the coil spring fins is adjusted to the maximum to maximize the effect of natural air cooling, and some coil spring fins are used for heat dissipation. When the temperature is high and the wind speed is low, natural air cooling can no longer meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery pack. At this time, the coil spring fins need to be compressed to increase the contact area with the heat pipe, and at the same time, the gap between the coil spring fins is reduced, thereby reducing the proportion of natural air cooling to the heat dissipation of the battery and increasing the proportion of coil spring fins to the heat dissipation of the battery. At extremely high temperatures, the above two methods are no longer able to meet the heat dissipation needs of the battery pack. At this time, the coil spring fins need to be further compressed so that they are completely concentrated in the middle of the battery. At this time, the gap between the coil spring fins tends to zero, and the contact area between the coil spring fins and the battery reaches the maximum. The middle of the battery will be forced to dissipate heat. However, this mode will also cause a large temperature difference between the two ends and the middle of the battery. Therefore, when the battery dissipates heat to a suitable operating temperature, the compression degree of the coil spring fins should be adjusted back.

[0044] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] See also Figures 1-12, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery thermal management system coupled with a phase change material, a fin, and a heat pipe, comprising a housing 1, a coil spring fin 12, a rotating linkage 9, a heat pipe 11, a phase change material 13, and a cylindrical battery 14. The housing 1 comprises a center and multiple outer rings, each outer ring being provided with two cylindrical batteries 14 and a rotating linkage 9, and the two cylindrical batteries 14 being fixed with a small pressure plate 7 and the heat pipe 11, the center being provided with four cylindrical batteries 14 and a rotating linkage 9, and the four cylindrical batteries 14 being fixed with a large pressure plate 6 and the heat pipe 11, each cylindrical battery 14 comprising a positive electrode 2 and a negative electrode 3, the positive electrodes 2 of all cylindrical batteries 14 in the center and the same outer ring being connected by a wire. 5 is connected, the negative electrodes 3 of all cylindrical batteries 14 in the center and the same outer circle are connected by wires 5, the outside of each cylindrical battery 14 is wrapped with a phase change material 13, and the phase change material 13 further uniformly wraps the outer wall of the cylindrical battery 14. The cylindrical battery 14 and the phase change material 13 are both encapsulated in the heat pipe 11, and the inner diameter of the heat pipe 11 perfectly fits the outer diameter of the phase change material 13. At the same time, the heat pipe 11 fixes the cylindrical battery 14 and the phase change material 13 in both directions, thereby improving the stability of the cylindrical battery 14 and producing a stable installation effect for the cylindrical battery 14 and the phase change material 13. The heat dissipation section of the coil spring fin 12 is arranged on the outside of the heat pipe 11, and a first guide rail 17 is provided on both sides of each rotating linkage 9. The upper and lower ends of the rotating linkage 9 are respectively connected to the first guide rail 17 through a special nut 8, and the special nut 8 cooperates with the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7 respectively. The special nut 8 is a conventional nut. A cylinder 15 adapted to the rotating linkage 9 is provided on the two symmetrical surfaces thereof, and the two cylinders 15 are connected to the same ring 16 at one end away from the conventional nut. The special nut 8 at the upper end and the special nut 8 at the lower end of each rotating linkage 9 are located on the same threaded column 10, and the ring 16 is located at the outermost side of the special nut 8. The cylinder 15 of the special nut 8 is adapted to the first guide rails 17 on both sides of each rotating linkage 9. The initial positions of the special nut 8 at the upper end and the special nut 8 at the lower end are at the upper and lower ends of the first guide rail 17. When the rotating linkage 9 is twisted, the first guide rail 17 will simultaneously apply equal torques to the special nut 8 at the upper end and the special nut 8 at the lower end, so that the two special nuts 8 rotate in the same direction at the same speed. The phase change material 13 is responsible for absorbing the heat generated by the cylindrical battery 14. The coil spring fins 12 and the heat pipe 11 together bring out the heat absorbed by the phase change material 13. The coil spring fins 12, special nuts 8, large pressure plates 6, small pressure plates 7, threaded columns 10 and rotating linkage 9 form a bidirectional compression structure, which can adjust the parameters of the coil spring fins 12 in real time to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cylindrical battery 14 under different working conditions, stabilize the battery box temperature within a suitable range, and enhance the adaptability of the battery box.At low temperatures and high wind speeds, the gap between the coil spring fins 12 is adjusted to the maximum, allowing natural air cooling to play its maximum role while cooperating with part of the coil spring fins 12 to dissipate heat. At high temperatures and low wind speeds, the coil spring fins 12 are compressed to increase the contact area with the heat pipe 11, while reducing the gap between the coil spring fins 12, thereby reducing the proportion of natural air cooling to the heat dissipation of the cylindrical battery 14 and increasing the proportion of the heat dissipation of the cylindrical battery 14 by the coil spring fins 12. At ultra-high temperatures, the above two methods are no longer able to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cylindrical battery 14. At this time, the coil spring fins 12 need to be further compressed so that they are completely concentrated in the middle of the cylindrical battery 14. At this time, the gap between the coil spring fins 12 approaches zero, the contact area between the coil spring fins 12 and the cylindrical battery 14 reaches its maximum, and the middle of the cylindrical battery 14 will be forced to dissipate heat. The above three working conditions can effectively ensure that the battery box operates within the normal temperature range, thereby ensuring the performance of the battery box.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, a third guide rail 19 is provided on the heat pipe 11 , which can also fix the moving direction of the coil spring fin 12 .

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, an annular second guide rail 18 is provided inside the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7, and the circular ring 16 of the special nut 8 is adapted to the annular second guide rail 18, which ensures that the special nut 8 can rotate around the threaded column 10 inside the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7, and also ensures that when the special nut 8 rises or falls, a vertical force is applied to the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7 at the same time, so that the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7 move in the same direction as the special nut 8 in the vertical direction.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch and inclination angle of the upper thread and the lower thread of each threaded column 10 are the same, and the rotation direction of the upper thread and the lower thread of each threaded column 10 is different. A special nut 8 with the same rotation direction is configured according to the thread rotation direction of the threaded column 10. The threaded column 10 is configured with threads with different rotation directions but the same other parameters. The purpose is that when the two special nuts 8 rotate around the threaded column 10 at the same speed and in the same direction, the upper and lower special nuts 8 can move toward each other in the vertical direction of the threaded column 10, so as to simultaneously compress or stretch the coil spring fins 12. In addition, since the parameters of the upper thread and the lower thread of the threaded column 10 are the same except the rotation direction, each time the rotating linkage 9 drives the two special nuts 8 to rotate one circle, the displacement of the two special nuts 8 in the vertical direction of the threaded column 10 is the same, that is, the compression and stretching at both ends of the coil spring fins 12 are the same.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, a track is provided at the bottom of the box body 1, and a circular protrusion is provided at the bottom of each rotating linkage member 9. The rotating linkage member 9 is fixed to the track through the protrusion to form a longitudinal fixation. Without restricting the rotation of the rotating linkage member 9 around the central axis of the threaded column 10, the longitudinal movement of the rotating linkage member 9 is restricted to ensure that when the rotating linkage member 9 is twisted, the rotating linkage member 9 will not fall out of the bottom of the box body 1.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, a box cover 4 is installed on the box body 1, and only one outlet for the positive electrode 2 is provided on the box cover 4, and only one outlet for the negative electrode 3 is provided on the box body 1. The internal wires 5 are arranged in a hybrid connection mode, which reduces the complexity of the external circuit connection.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the large pressure plate 6 and each small pressure plate 7 are fixed with "T"-shaped plates and "L"-shaped plates, which not only serve as module divisions without isolating each module, but also effectively prevent the large pressure plate 6 and the small pressure plate 7 from offsetting during the rising or falling process, and reduce the impact on the natural air cooling effect.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coil spring fin 12 is connected to the heat pipe 11 via a third guide rail 19, which ensures that the coil spring fin 12 will not fall out of the heat pipe 11 during vibration of the battery box, and also ensures that the coil spring fin 12 only moves longitudinally along the heat pipe 11 during compression and does not move in other directions.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gaps between the cylindrical batteries 14 arranged longitudinally and transversely in the box 1 are the same, and the matrix of the cylindrical batteries 14 forms a square, so that the temperature distribution of the battery box will be more symmetrical.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "fixed" and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to welded connections, bolted connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0055] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes, comprising a housing, coil spring fins, a rotating linkage, a heat pipe, phase change material and cylindrical batteries, wherein the housing comprises a center and multiple outer rings, and is characterized in that: Each outer ring is provided with two cylindrical batteries and a rotating linkage and the two cylindrical batteries are fixed with a small pressure plate and a heat pipe. The center is provided with four cylindrical batteries and a rotating linkage and the four cylindrical batteries are fixed with a large pressure plate and a heat pipe. Each cylindrical battery includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrodes of all cylindrical batteries in the center and the same outer ring are connected by a wire. The negative electrodes of all cylindrical batteries in the center and the same outer ring are connected by a wire. The outside of each cylindrical battery is wrapped with a phase change material and the cylindrical battery and the phase change material are encapsulated in a heat pipe. The heat dissipation section of the spiral spring fin is set On the outside of the heat pipe, a first guide rail is provided on both sides of each rotating linkage. The upper and lower ends of each rotating linkage are respectively connected to the first guide rail through a special nut. The special nuts are respectively matched with the large pressure plate and the small pressure plate. The special nut is a conventional nut. A cylinder is provided on the two symmetrical surfaces of the conventional nut, and the two cylinders are connected to the same ring at one end away from the conventional nut. The special nut at the upper end and the special nut at the lower end of each rotating linkage are located on the same threaded column. The ring is located on the outermost side of the special nut. The cylinder of the special nut is adapted to the first guide rails on both sides of each rotating linkage.

2. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third guide rail is provided on the heat conducting pipe.

3. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular second guide rail is provided inside the large pressing plate and the small pressing plate, and the circular ring of the special nut is adapted to the annular second guide rail.

4. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pitch and inclination angle of the upper thread and the lower thread of each thread column are the same, and the rotation direction of the upper thread and the lower thread of each thread column is different.

5. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 3 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the box body is provided with a track, and the bottom of each rotating linkage member is provided with a circular protrusion, and the rotating linkage member is fixed to the track through the protrusion.

6. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large pressing plate and each small pressing plate are fixed by using a "T"-shaped plate and an "L"-shaped plate.

7. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coil spring fin is connected to the heat pipe via a third guide rail.

8. The battery thermal management system coupled with phase change material, fins and heat pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is provided with a box cover, the box cover is provided with only one positive electrode outlet, and the box body is provided with only one negative electrode outlet.

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