Explosion-proof battery module

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-explosion battery module, and relates to the technical field of battery modules, the anti-explosion battery module comprises a battery pack shell, a plurality of batteries are installed in the battery pack shell, the outer surface of the battery pack shell is fixedly connected with an anti-explosion shell, and the outer surface of the anti-explosion shell is provided with a frame body; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the anti-explosion shell, an exhaust pressure relief device is arranged in the exhaust pipe, and a liquid cooling device is installed on the frame body. By designing the exhaust and pressure relief device, when the battery module is subjected to thermal runaway, internal high-temperature gas is quickly exhausted from the gas hole, internal heat is exhausted by utilizing exhaust and pressure relief, meanwhile, the liquid cooling device is opened, and the liquid cooling pipe and the battery module realize alternate cooling and heating so as to realize secondary cooling, so that the linkage effect of simultaneously performing exhaust and pressure relief and liquid cooling is realized; the problem of explosion easily caused by thermal runaway of the battery is solved fundamentally, and the explosion-proof performance and safety of the battery module are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery modules, and in particular to an explosion-proof battery module. Background Art

[0002] A battery module is a relatively independent battery unit composed of multiple battery cells connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, and connected with components and structural parts. It is of extremely critical significance in modern energy applications. In terms of performance improvement, the battery module can significantly improve energy density through the clever combination of battery cells. This provides a solid foundation for electric vehicles to achieve long-range driving and for large-scale energy storage power stations to store more electricity. In terms of maintenance and management, the modular design makes installation, disassembly, and subsequent repairs easier. When a battery fails, there is no need to tamper with the entire battery system; the faulty module can be directly replaced or repaired, greatly improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. In terms of application scenario adaptation, battery modules can be customized to meet the needs of instantaneous high power output and fast charging of power tools. Adaptive modules can also be designed to meet the requirements of energy storage systems for large capacity and long cycle life. This high adaptability is driving the vigorous development of many fields such as new energy vehicles, renewable energy storage, and portable electronic devices.

[0003] Upon investigation, the disclosure (announcement) number: CN110459714B discloses that this technology discloses "including a battery module body and an exhaust device arranged on the battery module body, the battery module body includes a plurality of battery cell modules, the exhaust device is provided with an exhaust inlet corresponding to the explosion-proof valve of each of the plurality of battery cell modules, the exhaust device is also provided with an exhaust outlet and an exhaust channel, the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet are respectively connected to the exhaust channel, when the gas is ejected from the explosion-proof valve, the gas enters the exhaust channel through the exhaust inlet, and then is discharged from the battery module through the exhaust outlet. It solves the problem that when the battery module has thermal runaway, the gas is ejected from the explosion-proof valve, accumulates in the module and is difficult to be discharged, which is easy to cause explosion."

[0004] However, the above technical solution is obviously not sufficient to deal with the situation where the battery module is prone to explosion due to thermal runaway by simply using exhaust pressure relief. Because in general, the fundamental cause of the explosion caused by thermal runaway of the battery module is the increase in internal air pressure or fire caused by excessive heat in the battery. Exhaust pressure relief alone cannot solve the fundamental problem of excessive temperature, and thus the battery module cannot be cooled in a timely and effective manner.

[0005] To solve the above problems, this application proposes an explosion-proof battery module. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an explosion-proof battery module, which solves the problem that the battery module has poor heat dissipation effect and is prone to explosion.

[0007] (2) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an explosion-proof battery module, comprising a battery pack housing, a plurality of batteries are installed inside the battery pack housing, an explosion-proof shell is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the battery pack housing, a frame is installed on the outer surface of the explosion-proof shell, an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the explosion-proof shell, the lower end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the explosion-proof shell, an exhaust pressure relief device is provided inside the exhaust pipe, the exhaust pressure relief device comprises a valve, a piston and a push rod, the inner wall of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the valve, the side surface of the piston is in contact with the exhaust pipe, the upper surface of the piston is fixedly connected to the push rod, the upper end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame, and the interior of the U-shaped frame is rotatably connected to a number one roller; A liquid cooling device is installed on the frame, and the liquid cooling device includes a liquid cooling box, a liquid infusion pipe and a liquid cooling pipe. The output end of the liquid cooling box is fixedly connected to the liquid infusion pipe, and the lower end of the liquid infusion pipe is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the valves is four and they are distributed in a ring array, and the material of the valves is waterproof rubber material.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the closed state of the valve is set to a conical shape, so that the gas can be more easily ejected under the pressure of the gas below the valve. After the ejection is completed, it is immediately closed under the action of the rubber elastic force to form a closure, preventing external gas or dust and other pollutants from flowing back to contaminate the interior of the explosion-proof shell and causing damage to the equipment, thereby improving the durability of the equipment.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of cooling grooves are provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof housing, and the side surfaces of the liquid cooling tubes are in contact with the cooling grooves.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple cooling grooves that fit the liquid cooling pipes are set on the outer surface of the explosion-proof shell, so that the contact area between the liquid cooling pipes and the explosion-proof shell is larger, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation and cooling effect and reducing the time required for cooling.

[0012] Preferably, the upper surface of the explosion-proof shell is fixedly connected with a support rod, the interior of the support rod is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a sector gear, and the lower surface of the rotating rod is in contact with the first roller.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the rising of the No. 1 roller can lift up the end of the rotating rod that is in contact with the No. 1 roller, so that the rotating rod can rotate around the support rod.

[0014] Preferably, the side surface of the sector gear is meshedly connected with a gear, the interior of the gear is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the end of the rotating shaft away from the gear is fixedly connected with a butterfly plate, and the side surface of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the infusion tube.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the sector gear drives the gear to rotate, and the gear drives the shaft to rotate. During the rotation of the shaft, the butterfly plate is opened, so that the coolant in the liquid cooling box flows smoothly through the liquid infusion pipe into the liquid cooling pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting device is provided on the side surface of the push rod, and the limiting device includes a triangular limiting plate, a No. 1 spring and an ejection block. The lower end of the triangular limiting plate is fixedly connected to the frame body. There are two triangular limiting plates and they are symmetrically distributed. One end of the No. 1 spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the end of the No. 1 spring away from the push rod is fixedly connected to the ejection block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and providing a limit device, the piston can be stuck in the process of rising due to the thrust of air pressure, so that it will not fall down due to the influence of gravity and re-block the exhaust pipe.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the ejection block is rotatably connected to the No. 2 roller, the end of the ejection block away from the No. 2 roller is slidably connected to the support rod, the end of the No. 1 slide column away from the ejection block is fixedly connected to the push rod, the No. 1 slide column passes through the inside of the No. 1 spring, the side surface of the No. 2 roller is fitted with the triangular limit plate, and the upper end of the triangular limit plate is fixedly connected to a slot.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a No. 1 slide column is set so that the No. 1 slide column rolls on the inner wall of the triangular limit plate during the rise of the push rod, thereby reducing friction and making the rise of the push rod smoother. After reaching the specified height, the No. 1 slide column is ejected into the slot to achieve limitation.

[0020] Preferably, buffer devices are provided at both ends of the explosion-proof shell, and the buffer assembly includes a sliding sleeve, a No. 2 sliding column, an explosion-proof plate and a No. 2 spring. The outer surface of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell, and the inner surface of the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the No. 2 sliding column. The end of the No. 2 sliding column away from the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof plate, the interior of the explosion-proof plate is fixedly connected to the No. 2 spring, and the end of the No. 2 spring away from the explosion-proof plate is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell, and the sliding sleeve and the No. 2 sliding column both pass through the interior of the No. 2 spring.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution and providing a buffer device, the two ends of the explosion-proof housing can play a buffering role when impacted, thereby protecting the internal battery from damage and achieving explosion-proof and pressure-proof effects.

[0022] Preferably, the internal threads of the frame are connected with a plurality of bolts, the side surfaces of the bolts are provided with limiting plates, and the outer surfaces of the limiting plates are fixedly connected to the explosion-proof housing.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the No. 2 spring and the bolt makes it easy to install and disassemble the explosion-proof housing.

[0024] (3) Beneficial effects The present invention provides an explosion-proof battery module. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. An explosion-proof battery module is designed with an exhaust pressure relief device. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the internal pressure increases, pushing the piston to slide outward, realizing the state of the exhaust pipe opening. The internal high-temperature gas is quickly discharged from the air hole, and the external low-temperature gas is introduced to form heat exchange, thereby achieving exhaust pressure relief, discharging the internal heat, and then achieving initial cooling.

[0025] 2. An explosion-proof battery module is designed with a liquid cooling device. When the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the internal pressure increases, pushing the piston to slide outward. The piston drives the butterfly plate to rotate during the outward sliding process, thereby opening the infusion tube, allowing the coolant in the liquid cooling box to quickly flow into the liquid cooling tube. The liquid cooling tube and the battery module achieve alternating hot and cold conditions, resulting in secondary cooling, thereby achieving a linkage effect of simultaneous exhaust pressure relief and liquid cooling, greatly improving the cooling speed, fundamentally solving the problem of battery thermal runaway easily leading to explosion, and greatly improving the explosion-proof performance and safety of the battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosion-proof housing of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the exhaust pipe of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the valve structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack housing structure of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A; Figure 8 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0027] Description of reference numerals: 1. Battery pack casing; 2. Battery; 3. Explosion-proof casing; 4. Frame; 5. Exhaust pipe; 6. Valve; 7. Piston; 8. Ejector rod; 9. Liquid cooling box; 10. Infusion tube; 11. Liquid cooling tube; 12. Cooling tank; 13. U-shaped frame; 14. Roller No. 1; 15. Strut; 16. Rotating rod; 17. Fan gear; 18. Gear; 19. Rotating shaft; 20. Butterfly plate; 21. Triangular limit plate; 22. Spring No. 1; 23. Ejection block; 24. Roller No. 2; 25. Sliding column No. 1; 26. Slot; 27. Sliding sleeve; 28. Sliding column No. 2; 29. ​​Explosion-proof plate; 30. Spring No. 2; 31. Bolt; 32. Limit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 , further details of this application are given.

[0029] Embodiment: An explosion-proof battery module comprises a battery pack housing 1, wherein a plurality of batteries 2 are installed inside the battery pack housing 1, an explosion-proof shell 3 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the battery pack housing 1, a frame 4 is installed on the outer surface of the explosion-proof shell 3, an exhaust pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the explosion-proof shell 3, the lower end of the exhaust pipe 5 is communicated with the explosion-proof shell 3, an exhaust pressure relief device is provided inside the exhaust pipe 5, the exhaust pressure relief device comprises a valve 6, a piston 7 and a push rod 8, the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the valve 6, the side surface of the piston 7 is fitted with the exhaust pipe 5, the upper surface of the piston 7 is fixedly connected to the push rod 8, the upper end of the push rod 8 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame 13, and the interior of the U-shaped frame 13 is rotatably connected to a number one roller 14.

[0030] A liquid cooling device is installed on the frame 4, and the liquid cooling device includes a liquid cooling box 9, a liquid infusion pipe 10 and a liquid cooling pipe 11. The output end of the liquid cooling box 9 is fixedly connected to the liquid infusion pipe 10, and the lower end of the liquid infusion pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling pipe 11.

[0031] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The valves 6 are four in number and arranged in a circular array. They are made of waterproof rubber. By setting the closed state of the valves 6 to a conical shape, the pressure from the gas below the valves 6 makes it easier for gas to be ejected. After the gas is ejected, the valves 6 immediately close under the elastic force of the rubber, preventing contaminants such as external gas or dust from flowing back into the explosion-proof housing 3 and causing damage to the equipment, thereby improving the durability of the equipment.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The outer surface of the explosion-proof shell 3 is provided with a plurality of cooling grooves 12, and the side surface of the liquid cooling tube 11 is in contact with the cooling groove 12. By providing a plurality of cooling grooves 12 in contact with the liquid cooling tube 11 on the outer surface of the explosion-proof shell 3, the contact surface between the liquid cooling tube 11 and the explosion-proof shell 3 is larger, thereby effectively improving the heat dissipation and cooling effect, and reducing the time required for cooling. Buffer devices are provided at both ends of the explosion-proof shell 3. The buffer assembly includes a sliding sleeve 27, a No. 2 sliding column 28, an explosion-proof plate 29 and a No. 2 spring 30. The outer surface of the sliding sleeve 27 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell 3, the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 27 is slidably connected to the No. 2 sliding column 28, and the end of the No. 2 sliding column 28 away from the sliding sleeve 27 is in contact with the explosion-proof plate 29. The explosion-proof plate 29 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 spring 30 at one end away from the explosion-proof plate 29 and is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell 3. The sleeve 27 and the No. 2 slide column 28 both pass through the interior of the No. 2 spring 30. By setting a buffer device, when the two ends of the explosion-proof shell 3 are impacted, it can play a buffering role, thereby protecting the internal battery 2 from damage, and achieving explosion-proof and pressure-proof effects. The internal threaded connection of the frame 4 is provided with a plurality of bolts 31, and the side surface of the bolt 31 is provided with a limit plate 32. The outer surface of the limit plate 32 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell 3. Through the cooperation of the No. 2 spring 30 and the bolt 31, the explosion-proof shell 3 is easy to install and disassemble.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8The upper surface of the explosion-proof shell 3 is fixedly connected with a support rod 15, and the internal rotation of the support rod 15 is connected to a rotating rod 16. The end of the rotating rod 16 is fixedly connected to a fan gear 17. The lower surface of the rotating rod 16 is in contact with the No. 1 roller 14. By rising the No. 1 roller 14, the end of the rotating rod 16 in contact with the No. 1 roller 14 can be lifted up to make the rotating rod 16 rotate around the support rod 15. A limiting device is provided on the side surface of the top rod 8, and the limiting device includes a triangular limiting plate 21, a No. 1 spring 22 and an ejection block 23. The lower end of the triangular limiting plate 21 is fixedly connected to the frame 4. The number of triangular limiting plates 21 is two and symmetrically distributed. One end of the No. 1 spring 22 is fixedly connected to the top rod 8, and the end of the No. 1 spring 22 away from the top rod 8 is fixedly connected to the ejection block 23. By setting the limiting device, it is possible to The piston 7 is stuck during the process of rising due to the thrust of air pressure, so that it will not fall and re-block the exhaust pipe 5 under the influence of gravity. One end of the ejection block 23 is rotatably connected to the No. 2 roller 24, and the end of the ejection block 23 away from the No. 2 roller 24 is slidably connected to the support rod 15. The end of the No. 1 slide post 25 away from the ejection block 23 is fixedly connected to the push rod 8, and the No. 1 slide post 25 passes through the interior of the No. 1 spring 22. The side surface of the No. 2 roller 24 fits with the triangular limit plate 21, and the upper end of the triangular limit plate 21 is fixedly connected with a slot 26. By setting the No. 1 slide post 25, the push rod 8 can roll on the inner wall of the triangular limit plate 21 during the rising process, thereby reducing friction and making the rise of the push rod 8 smoother. After reaching the specified height, the No. 1 slide post 25 is ejected into the slot 26 to achieve limitation.

[0034] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the internal temperature of the battery module is too high, the gas in the explosion-proof housing 3 expands due to the heat, thereby squeezing the valve 6 and ejecting from the valve 6. During the ejection process, the push rod 8 is pushed up at the same time. After the push rod 8 rises to a certain distance, the ejection block 23 and the second roller 24 are ejected and stuck in the card slot 26 under the action of the first spring 22. At this time, the piston 7 is a distance away from the upper end of the exhaust pipe 5. The exhaust pipe 5 is in the stage of continuously ejecting hot gas, thereby achieving pressure relief and cooling, and the push rod 8 is lifted up as the piston 7 rises. During the process, roller 14 is used to push the rotating rod 16, so that the sector gear 17 drives the gear 18 to rotate, and the gear 18 drives the rotating shaft 19 to open the butterfly plate 20, so that the coolant in the liquid cooling box 9 flows into the liquid cooling pipe 11 through the liquid infusion pipe 10. The liquid cooling pipe 11 and the explosion-proof shell 3 are alternately hot and cold to achieve rapid cooling, thereby achieving the linkage effect of exhaust pressure relief and liquid cooling at the same time, greatly improving the cooling speed, and solving the problem that thermal runaway of the battery is prone to explosion from the root, greatly improving the explosion-proof performance and safety of the battery module.

[0035] The examples of this specific embodiment are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof battery module, comprising a battery pack housing (1), characterized in that: A plurality of batteries (2) are installed inside the battery pack housing (1); an explosion-proof housing (3) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the battery pack housing (1); a frame (4) is installed on the outer surface of the explosion-proof housing (3); an exhaust pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the explosion-proof housing (3); the lower end of the exhaust pipe (5) is connected to the explosion-proof housing (3); an exhaust pressure relief device is provided inside the exhaust pipe (5); the exhaust pressure relief device includes a valve (6), a piston (7) and a push rod (8); the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the valve (6); the side surface of the piston (7) is in contact with the exhaust pipe (5); the upper surface of the piston (7) is fixedly connected to the push rod (8); the upper end of the push rod (8) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (13); the interior of the U-shaped frame (13) is rotatably connected to a number one roller (14); A liquid cooling device is installed on the frame (4), and the liquid cooling device includes a liquid cooling box (9), a liquid infusion pipe (10) and a liquid cooling pipe (11). The output end of the liquid cooling box (9) is fixedly connected to the liquid infusion pipe (10), and the lower end of the liquid infusion pipe (10) is fixedly connected to the liquid cooling pipe (11).

2. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the valves (6) is four and they are distributed in a ring array, and the material of the valves (6) is waterproof rubber material.

3. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the explosion-proof housing (3) is provided with a plurality of cooling grooves (12), and the side surface of the liquid cooling tube (11) is in contact with the cooling grooves (12).

4. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the explosion-proof housing (3) is fixedly connected to a support rod (15), the interior of the support rod (15) is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (16), the end of the rotating rod (16) is fixedly connected to a sector gear (17), and the lower surface of the rotating rod (16) is in contact with the first roller (14).

5. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side surface of the sector gear (17) is meshedly connected to a gear (18), the interior of the gear (18) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (19), one end of the rotating shaft (19) away from the gear (18) is fixedly connected to a butterfly plate (20), and the side surface of the rotating shaft (19) is rotatably connected to the infusion tube (10).

6. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting device is provided on the side surface of the push rod (8), and the limiting device includes a triangular limiting plate (21), a No. 1 spring (22) and an ejection block (23). The lower end of the triangular limiting plate (21) is fixedly connected to the frame (4). The number of the triangular limiting plates (21) is two and they are symmetrically distributed. One end of the No. 1 spring (22) is fixedly connected to the push rod (8), and the end of the No. 1 spring (22) away from the push rod (8) is fixedly connected to the ejection block (23).

7. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the ejection block (23) is rotatably connected to the second roller (24), and the end of the ejection block (23) away from the second roller (24) is slidably connected to the support rod (15). The end of the first slide column (25) away from the ejection block (23) is fixedly connected to the top rod (8), and the first slide column (25) passes through the inside of the first spring (22). The side surface of the second roller (24) is in contact with the triangular limit plate (21), and the upper end of the triangular limit plate (21) is fixedly connected to the card slot (26).

8. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the explosion-proof shell (3) are provided with a buffer device, and the buffer assembly includes a sliding sleeve (27), a second sliding column (28), an explosion-proof plate (29) and a second spring (30). The outer surface of the sliding sleeve (27) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell (3), and the inner surface of the sliding sleeve (27) is slidingly connected to the second sliding column (28). The end of the second sliding column (28) away from the sliding sleeve (27) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof plate (29), and the interior of the explosion-proof plate (29) is fixedly connected to the second spring (30). The end of the second spring (30) away from the explosion-proof plate (29) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof shell (3), and the sliding sleeve (27) and the second sliding column (28) both pass through the interior of the second spring (30).

9. The explosion-proof battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (4) is internally threaded with a plurality of bolts (31), and a limiting piece (32) is provided on the side surface of the bolt (31), and the outer surface of the limiting piece (32) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof housing (3).

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