Device for preparing nano-powder through strong-constraint energy-gathering electric heating explosion

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric explosion powder preparation, and discloses a strong-constraint energy-gathering electric heating explosion nano-powder preparation device which comprises an electric explosion cavity, a driving assembly is arranged on the electric explosion cavity, the driving assembly is in power connection with a feeding assembly and is also in intermittent power connection with an insulation rotary table, a plurality of energy-gathering pipes are arranged on the insulation rotary table, and the energy-gathering pipes are connected with the electric explosion cavity. A positioning assembly is further arranged in the electric explosion cavity. The falling-in hole is formed in the grounding lantern ring, so that the only escape channel that the high-pressure port is completely closed and the falling-in hole in the grounding port is reserved under the feeding effect of the energy gathering pipe is reserved, and the sealing and locking effects are achieved through common connection and matching of the raised head double-screw bolts, the high-pressure lantern ring and the inner electric heating explosion pipe; therefore, the problem that a secondary escape channel is generated to reduce the energy gathering effect due to plugging failure caused by high impact pressure continuously generated during electric heating explosion is solved, nano-particle products are more refined, and particle size distribution is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric explosion powder making, in particular to a device for preparing nano powder by strong-constrained concentrated energy electric thermal explosion. Background Art

[0002] Nanopowders, due to their unique quantum, surface, and volume effects, play an irreplaceable role in electronics, biomedicine, and new energy. The electrothermal explosion method, with its advantages such as high energy efficiency, simple operation, and high product purity, is gaining increasing attention in the field of nanopowder preparation technology.

[0003] During the electrothermal explosion process, the different constraint forms of the raw materials will directly affect the size and particle size distribution of the nanoparticle products. Existing tube-constrained electrothermal explosion devices for preparing nanopowders generally adopt a mode of feeding from one end and sealing. For example, the publication number CN114804086B, “A device and method for continuously preparing graphene by electro-explosion with a powder-carrying belt constraint”, designs a composite explosion tube. The powder-carrying belt, driven by a driving mechanism, passes through a high-voltage graphite electrode provided with a through hole for the powder-carrying belt to pass through. The high-voltage graphite electrode does not completely block the high-voltage port; the publication number CN105817637B, “Device for preparing nanopowders by electro-explosion with ablation material tube constraint”, designs a groove-type loading rod, which enters the constraint sleeve driven by a reciprocating screw to form a constraint tube. The constraint sleeve is used to seal the tube. Plug the groove; for example, in the "Device for preparing low-dimensional nanocarbon from constrained electric explosion graphite" with announcement number CN110255530B, a movable electrode body is designed, and the constraint tube is pushed into the constraint hole under the drive of a reciprocating screw, and the high-voltage electrode tip is deeply inserted into the constraint tube and cooperated with the silicone head to seal the high-voltage electrode feed end; for example, in the "A wire-segment tube constrained electric explosion spraying device" with announcement number CN118726891B, an insulating constraint tube is designed, and the high-voltage electrode conductive rod is slidably placed on the high-voltage port of the constraint tube, which is provided with a wire feed hole. After the metal wire enters the constraint tube through the wire feed hole, the high-voltage electrode conductive rod moves, and the wire feed hole is away from the axis of the constraint tube to seal the high-voltage port.

[0004] In actual application, it was found that the high impact pressure continuously generated during electrothermal explosion will cause the seal to fail, and a secondary escape channel will be generated at the seal to reduce the energy gathering effect, and the nanoparticle products will not be fully refined. At the same time, under the scouring of high-temperature and high-pressure powder airflow, nodules will be generated at the seal, which will hinder displacement and further reduce the continuity and stability of the process of preparing nanopowders by electrothermal explosion.

[0005] Currently, no effective solutions have been proposed for the problems in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained energy-focused electrothermal explosion, which solves the problem that the high impact pressure continuously generated during electrothermal explosion will lead to sealing failure, and a secondary escape channel will be generated at the sealing point to reduce the energy-focused effect.

[0007] (2) Technical solution In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained focused energy electric thermal explosion comprises an electric explosion chamber, on which a drive assembly is provided. The drive assembly is dynamically connected to a feeding assembly and intermittently dynamically connected to an insulating turntable. A plurality of energy-focusing tubes are provided on the insulating turntable. A positioning assembly is further provided in the electric explosion chamber and is coaxially arranged with the insulating turntable. The feeding assembly is used to release and shear the electric thermal explosion raw material so that it falls into the energy-focusing tube before electric explosion. The positioning assembly is used to correct and maintain the alignment of the fallen electric thermal explosion raw material with the central axis of the corresponding energy-focusing tube.

[0008] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a sealing tube, which passes through and is fixed on the electric explosion chamber. A motor is fixedly installed on one end of the sealing tube. A dynamic sealing ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor. The dynamic sealing ring fits against the inner wall of the sealing tube. The rotating shaft of the motor is connected to an extension shaft through a coupling so that the motor drives the extension shaft to rotate. The extension shaft is dynamically connected to a linkage assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a left vertical plate and an incomplete gear, the left vertical plate is fixedly mounted on one end of the sealing tube located in the electric explosion chamber, and the extension shaft passes through the left vertical plate and is rotatably mounted therewith, the extension shaft is fixedly connected to the incomplete gear, the incomplete gear is dynamically connected to the feeding assembly, and is intermittently dynamically connected to the insulating turntable.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a loading tray, which is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the electric explosion chamber through a bracket, and a backstop tensioning clamp is fixedly mounted on the bracket; A slide rail is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the left vertical plate, a slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail, a damping workpiece is provided on the slider, and the damping workpiece is used to increase the friction between the slide rail and the slider.

[0011] Preferably, the damping workpiece includes a T-shaped damping rod, the slider is provided with an installation cavity, the T-shaped damping rod is slidably installed in the installation cavity, and a first compression spring is sleeved on the T-shaped damping rod, and the two ends of the first compression spring are respectively fixed on the surface of the T-shaped damping rod and the installation cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding assembly further comprises a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably arranged at the edge of the incomplete gear, and the other end is rotatably mounted with a sliding rod, the sliding rod passes through and is slidably mounted on the slider, and one end of the sliding rod is symmetrically rotatably mounted with a first roller; A clamping arm is symmetrically mounted on the upper portion of the slider, and the clamping arm is tangent to the first roller; The clamping arm includes two clamping shafts, which are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted on the slider. A first clamping arm is fixedly mounted on one end of each clamping shaft, and a second clamping arm is fixedly mounted on the other end. The first clamping arm is used to clamp the electric hot explosive raw material, and the second clamping arm is used to be tangent to the first roller. A first return spring is provided between the two second clamping arms. The feeding assembly further comprises two shear arms, which are symmetrically rotatably mounted on the slider, and a second return spring is provided between the upper portions of the two shear arms. Extrusion rods are fixedly mounted on the lower portions of both sides of the slide rail, and the lower portions of the shear arms are provided with inclined surfaces, which are used to squeeze with the extrusion rods so as to bring the lower portions of the two shear arms closer to each other. The feeding assembly further comprises a guide tube, which is fixedly mounted on the slider, and the guide tube is coaxially arranged with the anti-return tensioning clamp.

[0013] Preferably, a transmission shaft is rotatably mounted on the lower portion of the left vertical plate, an insulating turntable and a complete gear pass through and are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and the toothed portion of the incomplete gear can mesh with the complete gear.

[0014] Preferably, the insulating turntable is provided with a plurality of mounting slots, and a power supply slot is provided on the side thereof, and the mounting slots are connected to the power supply slots; The energy-gathering tube includes a double-stud with a raised head; The convex head double stud is fixedly installed in the installation groove, the convex head double stud is sleeved with a rubber pad, one end of the convex head double stud is threadedly connected to the inner electric thermal burst tube, and the other end is threadedly connected to the high-voltage collar, and one side of the high-voltage collar fits with the step of the inner electric thermal burst tube, the inner electric thermal burst tube is sleeved with an outer reinforcement tube, one end of the inner electric thermal burst tube is threadedly connected to a grounding collar, and the grounding collar makes the outer reinforcement tube and the high-voltage collar fit in the installation groove; A high-voltage terminal and a grounding terminal are provided in the electric explosion chamber, wherein the grounding terminal is used to contact the grounding collar, and the high-voltage terminal is used to contact the high-voltage collar in the electrification slot; The grounding collar is provided with a drop-in hole, which is used for dropping the sheared electric thermal explosion raw materials and discharging the powder after the electric thermal explosion raw materials are electrically exploded.

[0015] Preferably, a valve port is passed through and fixedly connected to the electric explosion chamber, one end of the valve port located inside the electric explosion chamber is fixedly connected to a right vertical plate, and a through hole is opened on the right vertical plate to connect the valve port with the interior of the electric explosion chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes a support base, the support base is fixedly mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning wheel frame is slidably mounted on the support base, a second compression spring is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the positioning wheel frame, and one end of the second compression spring is fixedly mounted on the support base, and a positioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the positioning wheel frame; One end of the transmission shaft is rotatably mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning plate is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft. The positioning plate is provided with a plurality of positioning arc grooves corresponding to the energy-gathering tubes, and the positioning wheel is used to engage with the positioning arc grooves.

[0017] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained focused energy electrothermal explosion, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a drop-in hole on the grounding collar to retain the feeding action of the energy-gathering tube while the high-pressure port is completely closed, retaining only the drop-in hole in the grounding port as the only escape channel. The locking and sealing of the high-pressure port are: first, the stud at one end of the convex double stud is threadedly connected to one end of the inner electric thermal explosion tube, the purpose of which is to compress the rubber pad to play a sealing role; secondly, the stud at the other end of the convex double stud is threadedly connected to the high-pressure collar, and one end of the high-pressure collar is fitted with the step of the inner electric thermal explosion tube, the purpose of which is to lock the convex double stud, the rubber pad and the inner electric thermal explosion tube to prevent loosening, thereby solving the problem of the secondary escape channel caused by the failure of the sealing caused by the high impact pressure continuously generated during the electric thermal explosion to reduce the energy-gathering effect, so that the nanoparticle product is more refined and the particle size distribution is more uniform.

[0018] 2. After the position conversion is completed by the energy-gathering tube of the present invention, the second compression spring will prompt the positioning wheel to squeeze the positioning arc groove on the positioning disk, so that the positioning wheel is always at the deepest part of the positioning arc groove, thereby limiting the position of the positioning disk. The positioning disk and the insulating turntable are both fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft, thereby limiting the position of the insulating turntable, ensuring that the drop-in hole in the energy-gathering tube under the guide tube is aligned with the guide tube, avoiding shearing and falling electric thermal explosion materials and allowing them to fall smoothly into the energy-gathering tube, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the electric explosion.

[0019] 3. The present invention changes the previous mode of feeding from one end and blocking through linked feeding, avoids the problem of powder and airflow erosion under high temperature and high pressure, and the problem of continuous feeding obstruction caused by nodules, optimizes the feeding method, and improves the continuity and stability of the process of preparing nanopowders by electrothermal explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial clamping structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial feeding structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial shear structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination and structure of the energy-gathering tube and the discharge terminal of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy-gathering tube of the present invention.

[0021] Figure: 1. Electric explosion chamber; 2. Left vertical plate; 3. Loading tray; 4. Raw materials for electric explosion; 5. Motor; 6. Dynamic sealing ring; 7. Coupling; 8. Extension shaft; 9. Incomplete gear; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Sliding rod; 12. First roller; 13. Sliding block; 14. Sliding rail; 15. Clamping arm; 16. First return spring; 17. T-type damping rod; 18. First compression spring; 19. Guide tube; 20. Backstop tensioning clamp; 21. Extrusion rod; 22. Shear arm; 23. Second return spring; 24. Complete gear; 25. Insulated turntable; 26. Positioning plate; 27. Positioning wheel; 28. Second compression spring; 29. ​​Support seat; 30. Transmission shaft; 31. Protruding double stud; 32. Rubber pad; 33. High-voltage collar; 34. Grounding collar; 35. Internal electric thermal explosion tube; 36. External reinforcement tube; 37. High-voltage end; 38. Grounding end; 39. Valve port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] As introduced in the background technology, in order to solve the shortcomings in the existing technology, this application proposes a device for preparing nanopowders by strong confinement focused energy electrothermal explosion.

[0024] See also Figures 1-6A device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained energy-focused electric thermal explosion includes an electric explosion chamber 1, on which a driving assembly is provided. The driving assembly is dynamically connected to a feeding assembly and intermittently dynamically connected to an insulating turntable 25. A plurality of energy-focusing tubes are provided on the insulating turntable 25. A positioning assembly is also provided in the electric explosion chamber 1, and the positioning assembly is coaxially arranged with the insulating turntable 25. The feeding assembly is used to release and cut the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 so that it falls into the energy-focusing tube before electric explosion. The positioning assembly is used to correct and maintain the alignment of the fallen electric thermal explosion raw material 4 with the central axis of the corresponding energy-focusing tube.

[0025] In this application, the number of energy-gathering tubes is 4 as an example to illustrate the working principle and logic of this application.

[0026] When the number of energy-gathering tubes is 4, the power connection between the drive assembly and the feeding assembly and the intermittent power connection between the drive assembly and the insulating turntable 25 can be understood as follows: when the drive assembly drives the feeding assembly to complete a feeding action, the drive assembly can only drive the insulating turntable 25 to rotate 1 / 4 circle.

[0027] Since the driving assembly drives the insulating turntable 25 to rotate, the power connection between the two is interrupted, and the state of the insulating turntable 25 cannot be restricted at this time, the state of the insulating turntable 25 after being driven by the driving assembly is restricted by the positioning assembly, thereby ensuring that the central axis of the energy-gathering tube on the insulating turntable 25 that is about to be loaded with the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 is aligned with the central axis of the electric thermal explosion raw material 4, so that the feeding assembly can cut the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 and accurately drop it into the energy-gathering tube that is about to be loaded with the electric thermal explosion raw material 4, and at the same time ensure that the energy-gathering tube that has been loaded with the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 can smoothly perform electric explosion and pulverization on the electric thermal explosion raw material 4.

[0028] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned drive assembly, the drive assembly includes a sealing tube, which passes through and is fixed on the electric explosion chamber 1. A motor 5 is fixedly installed at one end of the sealing tube. A dynamic sealing ring 6 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor 5. The dynamic sealing ring 6 fits the inner wall of the sealing tube. The rotating shaft of the motor 5 is connected to an extension shaft 8 through a coupling 7, so that the motor 5 drives the extension shaft 8 to rotate, and the extension shaft 8 is dynamically connected to a linkage assembly.

[0029] The present invention arranges the extension shaft 8, coupling 7, etc. in the sealing tube, and arranges the motor 5 outside the sealing tube, thereby achieving the external arrangement of the motor 5 relative to the electric explosion chamber 1, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the electric explosion chamber. The dynamic sealing ring 6 further ensures the sealing effect inside the sealing tube.

[0030] The motor 5 serves as a power output source. The motor 5 drives the extension shaft 8 to rotate through the coupling 7 to provide power support for the operation of the feeding assembly and the insulating turntable 25 in the electric explosion chamber 1.

[0031] Further, for the above-mentioned linkage assembly, the linkage assembly includes a left vertical plate 2 and an incomplete gear 9, the left vertical plate 2 is fixedly mounted on one end of the sealing tube located in the electric explosion chamber 1, and the extension shaft 8 passes through the left vertical plate 2 and is rotatably mounted therewith, the extension shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the incomplete gear 9, the incomplete gear 9 is dynamically connected to the feeding assembly, and is intermittently dynamically connected to the insulating turntable 25; The extension shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the incomplete gear 9 , so that the motor 5 drives the incomplete gear 9 to rotate through the coupling 7 and the extension shaft 8 , thereby allowing the incomplete gear 9 to transmit power to the feeding assembly and the insulating turntable 25 .

[0032] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned feeding assembly, the feeding assembly includes a loading tray 3, and the loading tray 3 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the electric explosion chamber 1 through a bracket, and a backstop tensioning clamp 20 is also fixedly mounted on the bracket; A slide rail 14 is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the left vertical plate 2 , and a slider 13 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 14 . A damping workpiece is provided on the slider 13 , and the damping workpiece is used to increase the friction between the slide rail 14 and the slider 13 .

[0033] The damping workpiece includes a T-shaped damping rod 17, the slider 13 is provided with a mounting cavity, the T-shaped damping rod 17 is slidably mounted with the mounting cavity, and a first compression spring 18 is sleeved on the T-shaped damping rod 17, and the two ends of the first compression spring 18 are respectively fixed to the surface of the T-shaped damping rod 17 and the mounting cavity; the feeding assembly also includes a connecting rod 10, one end of the connecting rod 10 is rotatably arranged at the edge of the incomplete gear 9, and the other end is rotatably mounted with a sliding rod 11, the sliding rod 11 passes through and is slidably mounted on the slider 13, and one end of the sliding rod 11 is symmetrically rotatably mounted with a first roller 12; A clamping arm 15 is symmetrically mounted on the upper portion of the slider 13 , and the clamping arm 15 is tangential to the first roller 12 ; The clamping arm 15 includes two clamping shafts, which are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted on the slider 13. One end of each clamping shaft is fixedly mounted with a first clamping arm, and the other end is fixedly mounted with a second clamping arm. The first clamping arm is used to clamp the electric hot explosion raw material 4, and the second clamping arm is used to be tangent to the first roller 12. A first return spring 16 is provided between the two second clamping arms. The feeding assembly further includes two shear arms 22, which are symmetrically mounted on the slider 13, and a second return spring 23 is provided between the upper portions of the two shear arms 22. Extrusion rods 21 are fixedly mounted on the lower portions of both sides of the slide rail 14. The lower portions of the shear arms 22 are provided with inclined surfaces, which are used to squeeze with the extrusion rods 21 so as to bring the lower portions of the two shear arms 22 closer to each other. The feeding assembly further includes a guide tube 19 , which is fixedly mounted on the slider 13 , and the guide tube 19 is coaxially arranged with the anti-return tensioning clamp 20 .

[0034] The anti-return tensioning clamp 20 keeps the electric hot exploding raw material 4 in a tensioned state at all times and prevents it from rotating. The purpose of preventing it from rotating is to avoid the electric hot exploding raw material 4 from being cut off due to insufficient length, which makes it impossible to conduct current for electric explosion.

[0035] The T-shaped damping rod placed at the top of the slider 13 has one end in contact with the slide rail 14. The first compression spring 18 is subjected to an extrusion force. When the slider 13 slides on the slide rail 14, a large friction force is generated between the T-shaped damping rod and the slide rail 14. The purpose is to keep the slider 13 stationary when the clamping arm 15 clamps and releases the explosive material 4.

[0036] When the incomplete gear 9 rotates, when the connecting rod 10 and the rotating mounting point of the incomplete gear 9 move from a low position to a high position, the connecting rod 10 drives the slide bar 11 to move upward, so that the first roller 12 on the slide bar 11 rolls on the second clamping arm, so that the first return spring 16 in a stretched state, under the action of the tension, pushes the two second clamping arms closer to each other, so that the second clamping arms drive the first clamping arms to move away from each other through the clamping shaft, so as to realize the opening action of the clamping arms 15; Since the slider 13 is fixed with a stopper, and the stopper is located just above the slide bar 11, when the clamping arm 15 completes its opening action, the top of the slide bar 11 contacts the stopper on the slider 13. As the incomplete gear 9 rotates, the slide bar 11, under the action of the stopper, drives the slider 13 to overcome the friction force generated by the damping workpiece and move upward on the slide rail 14 until the rotating mounting point of the connecting rod 10 and the incomplete gear 9 is at the highest point. Then, when the incomplete gear 9 continues to rotate, the connecting rod 10 and the rotating mounting point of the incomplete gear 9 begin to move from the highest point to the lowest point. In this process, since the friction force generated by the damping workpiece and the slide rail 14 is always greater than the pulling force of the first return spring 16, as the incomplete gear 9 rotates, the connecting rod 10 pulls the slide bar 11 downward, and the slider 13 remains stationary under the action of the friction force generated by the damping workpiece and the slide rail 14. When the slide bar 11 moves downward, the slide bar 11 opens the second clamping arm through the two symmetrically arranged first rollers 12, thereby forcing the first clamping arms to approach each other, realizing the closing of the clamping arm 15, and achieving the clamping of the electric hot explosion raw material 4; When the clamping arms 15 are closed to clamp the hot-exploding raw material 4, the first rollers 12 on both sides of the slide bar 11 are in contact with the slider 13. Therefore, when the slide bar 11 continues to move downward, the slider 13 is pulled downward to overcome the friction between the damping workpiece and the slide rail 14, so that the clamping arms 15 on the slider 13 pull the hot-exploding raw material 4 through the guide tube 19 and move downward. As the incomplete gear 9 continues to rotate, the slide bar 11 pulls the slider 13 to continue to move downward, so as to achieve continuous feeding of the electric heat explosion raw material 4; When the shearing arm 22 on the slider 13 comes into contact with the extrusion rod 21 on the slide rail 14, as the slider 13 continues to move downward, the shearing ends of the shearing arm 22 approach each other, shearing the electric hot explosion raw material 4 passing through the guide tube 19. At this time, the rotation installation point of the connecting rod 10 and the incomplete gear 9 begins to move from the highest point to the lowest point.

[0037] At this point, a feeding action is completed.

[0038] When feeding again, the shearing arm 22 gradually separates from the extrusion rod 21, so that the second reset spring 23 drives the shearing arm 22 to reset, so that the shearing ends move away from each other, preparing for the next shearing action.

[0039] The sheared and dropped electric-heat-explosion raw materials 4 fall into the energy-gathering tube and are ready for electric explosion.

[0040] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned left vertical plate 2, a transmission shaft 30 is rotatably installed on the lower part of the left vertical plate 2, and an insulating turntable 25 and a complete gear 24 are passed through and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 30. The toothed part of the incomplete gear 9 can engage with the complete gear 24.

[0041] When the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 9 is about to mesh with the complete gear 24, the feeding assembly is in the process of shearing the raw material 4 for electric heating and exploding. When the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 9 meshes with the complete gear 24, the sheared raw material 4 for electric heating and exploding falls into the energy-gathering tube of the insulating turntable 25. At this time, the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 9 drives the complete gear 24 to rotate, causing the energy-gathering tube on the insulating turntable 25 with the raw material 4 for electric heating and exploding to enter the electric-exploding stage, and causing the empty energy-gathering tube to rotate directly below the guide tube 19 (i.e., the uninterrupted raw material 4 for electric heating and exploding). When the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 9 disengages from the complete gear 24, the energy-gathering tube on the insulating turntable 25 with the raw material 4 for electric heating and exploding is in the electric-exploding position, and the empty energy-gathering tube is directly below the guide tube 19. During the stage in which the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 9 drives the complete gear 24 to rotate, the incomplete gear 9 drives the slider 13 to move to the highest position on the slide rail 14 through the connecting rod 10 and the slide bar 11.

[0042] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned insulating turntable 25, the insulating turntable 25 is provided with a plurality of mounting slots, and a power supply slot is provided on the side thereof, and the mounting slots are connected to the power supply slots; The energy-gathering tube includes a double-headed stud 31; A convex double stud 31 is fixedly installed in the installation groove, and a rubber pad 32 is sleeved on the convex double stud 31. One end of the convex double stud 31 is threadedly connected to an inner electric thermal explosion tube 35, and the other end is threadedly connected to a high-voltage collar 33, and one side of the high-voltage collar 33 fits with the step of the inner electric thermal explosion tube 35. The inner electric thermal explosion tube 35 is sleeved with an outer reinforcement tube 36, and one end of the inner electric thermal explosion tube 35 is threadedly connected to a grounding collar 34, and the grounding collar 34 makes the outer reinforcement tube 36 fit with the high-voltage collar 33 in the installation groove; A high-voltage terminal 37 and a grounding terminal 38 are provided in the electric explosion chamber 1. The grounding terminal 38 is used to contact the grounding ring 34, and the high-voltage terminal 37 is used to contact the high-voltage ring 33 in the power-on slot. The grounding ring 34 is provided with a drop-in hole, which is used to drop the sheared electric heat explosion raw material 4 and discharge the powder after the electric heat explosion raw material 4 is electrically exploded.

[0043] Through the design of the above-mentioned energy-gathering tube, a drop-in hole is opened on the grounding collar 34 to retain the feeding action of the energy-gathering tube while the high-pressure port is completely closed, retaining only the drop-in hole in the grounding port as the only escape channel. The locking and sealing of the high-pressure port is firstly that the stud at one end of the convex head double stud 31 is threadedly connected to one end of the inner electric thermal explosion tube 35, the purpose of which is to compress the rubber pad 32 to play a sealing role, and secondly that the stud at the other end of the convex head double stud 31 is threadedly connected to the high-pressure collar 33, and one end of the high-pressure collar 33 is fitted with the step of the inner electric thermal explosion tube 35, the purpose of which is to lock the convex head double stud 31 with the rubber pad 32 and the inner electric thermal explosion tube 35 to prevent loosening, thereby solving the problem of the secondary escape channel caused by the failure of the sealing caused by the continuous high impact pressure generated during the electric thermal explosion to reduce the energy-gathering effect, making the nanoparticle product more refined and the particle size distribution more uniform.

[0044] Furthermore, the energy-gathering tube sealing and locking design described in this application avoids seal failure under high impact pressures and, in conjunction with the feed assembly, changes the feed mode of conventional devices. This application utilizes a new energy-gathering tube sealing and locking design, completely sealing the high-pressure port and leaving only an open drop-in hole (also the injection hole) at the grounding port, thus preventing the formation of gaps. This effectively avoids the problem of conventional mobile electrode body sealing causing gaps, which can lead to nodules at the gaps and affect the displacement of the mobile electrode body. This reduces the frequency of downtime required to clean nodules, thereby improving the continuity and stability of the electrothermal explosion nanopowder preparation process.

[0045] However, due to the above design, the drop-in hole of the energy-gathering tube is small. While avoiding the problem of sealing failure caused by high impact pressure and the generation of secondary escape channels to reduce the energy-gathering effect, it is impossible to achieve accurate automatic feeding. Therefore, the rotation of the insulating turntable 25 corresponds to the positioning component. Specifically: The positioning assembly includes a support seat 29, which is fixedly mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning wheel frame is slidably mounted on the support seat 29, a second compression spring 28 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the positioning wheel frame, and one end of the second compression spring 28 is fixedly mounted on the support seat 29, and a positioning wheel 27 is rotatably mounted on the positioning wheel frame; One end of the transmission shaft 30 is rotatably mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning plate 26 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 30 . The positioning plate 26 is provided with a plurality of positioning arc grooves corresponding to the energy-gathering tubes, and the positioning wheel 27 is used to engage with the positioning arc grooves.

[0046] When the energy-gathering tube completes the position conversion, the second compression spring 28 will prompt the positioning wheel 27 to squeeze the positioning arc groove on the positioning disk 26, so that the positioning wheel 27 is always at the deepest part of the positioning arc groove, thereby limiting the position of the positioning disk 26. The positioning disk 26 and the insulating turntable 25 are both fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 30, thereby limiting the position of the insulating turntable 25, ensuring that the drop-in hole in the energy-gathering tube under the guide tube 19 is aligned with the guide tube 19, preventing the sheared and fallen electric thermal explosion raw materials 4 from falling smoothly into the energy-gathering tube, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the electric explosion.

[0047] That is, when the incomplete gear 9 is disengaged from the complete gear 24, the positioning wheel 27 is stuck in a groove on the cylindrical surface of the positioning disk 26, and the insulating turntable 25 is stopped. At this time, the outer cylindrical surface of the high-voltage collar 33 of the energy-gathering tube is engaged with the tip of the high-voltage end 37, and the outer cylindrical surface of the grounding collar 34 is engaged with the tip of the grounding end 38. The discharge terminal instantly passes a pulsed large current to the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 in the form of air gap discharge. The circuit is connected, and the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 undergoes electric thermal explosion. The electric explosion process will generate huge shock wave pressure. The generated nanopowder rushes out of the energy-gathering tube along with the shock wave and is suspended in the electric explosion chamber 1 in the form of aerosol.

[0048] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned electric explosion chamber 1, a valve port 39 is passed through and fixedly connected to the electric explosion chamber 1, and one end of the valve port 39 located inside the electric explosion chamber 1 is fixedly connected to a right vertical plate, and a through hole is provided on the right vertical plate to enable the valve port 39 to communicate with the interior of the electric explosion chamber 1. In addition, an air inlet valve is provided on the side of the electric explosion chamber 1 opposite to the side where the valve port 39 is located, so that the pump group external to the valve port 39 can extract the suspended nanopowder in the electric explosion chamber 1.

[0049] In addition, the position of the air inlet valve and the valve port 39 is set so that when the pump group is pumping the suspended nano-powder, a weak transverse wind beam is formed in the electric explosion chamber 1 to prevent the nano-powder from falling on the transmission parts (incomplete gears and complete gears) in the electric explosion chamber, and the wind beam will not affect the falling of the electric thermal explosion raw material 4. Before the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 is sheared, the lower section of the electric thermal explosion raw material 4 to be sheared has entered the falling hole of the energy-gathering tube. After being sheared, it will directly fall into the falling hole. Before being sheared, the existence of the guide tube 19 limits the moving direction of the electric thermal explosion raw material 4.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to reduce the influence of the transverse air beam on the falling of the electrically heated explosive raw material 4, the air inlet valve can also be arranged on a side surface perpendicular to the surface where the valve port is located.

[0051] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for preparing nanopowders by strong confinement focused energy electric thermal explosion, comprising an electric explosion chamber (1), characterized in that: The electric explosion chamber (1) is provided with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is connected to the feeding assembly in a power manner and is intermittently connected to the insulating turntable (25). The insulating turntable (25) is provided with a plurality of energy-gathering tubes. The electric explosion chamber (1) is also provided with a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly is coaxially arranged with the insulating turntable (25). The feeding assembly is used to release and cut the electric heat explosion raw material (4) so ​​that it falls into the energy-gathering tube before electric explosion. The positioning assembly is used to correct and maintain the alignment of the fallen electric heat explosion raw material (4) with the central axis of the corresponding energy-gathering tube.

2. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a sealing tube, which passes through and is fixed on the electric explosion chamber (1); a motor (5) is fixedly mounted on one end of the sealing tube; a dynamic sealing ring (6) is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the motor (5); the dynamic sealing ring (6) is in contact with the inner wall of the sealing tube; the rotating shaft of the motor (5) is connected to an extension shaft (8) through a coupling (7) so that the motor (5) drives the extension shaft (8) to rotate; and the extension shaft (8) is dynamically connected to a linkage assembly.

3. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly constrained focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linkage assembly includes a left vertical plate (2) and an incomplete gear (9), wherein the left vertical plate (2) is fixedly mounted on one end of the sealing tube located in the electric explosion chamber (1), and the extension shaft (8) passes through the left vertical plate (2) and is rotatably mounted therewith, wherein the extension shaft (8) is fixedly connected to the incomplete gear (9), and the incomplete gear (9) is dynamically connected to the feeding assembly and intermittently dynamically connected to the insulating turntable (25).

4. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding assembly comprises a loading tray (3), the loading tray (3) being rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the electric explosion chamber (1) via a bracket, and a backstop tensioning clamp (20) being fixedly mounted on the bracket; A slide rail (14) is fixedly mounted on the upper portion of the left vertical plate (2), a slider (13) is slidably mounted on the slide rail (14), and a damping workpiece is provided on the slider (13), and the damping workpiece is used to increase the friction between the slide rail (14) and the slider (13).

5. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The damping workpiece includes a T-shaped damping rod (17), the slider (13) is provided with a mounting cavity, the T-shaped damping rod (17) is slidably mounted in the mounting cavity, and a first compression spring (18) is sleeved on the T-shaped damping rod (17), with two ends of the first compression spring (18) respectively fixed to the surface of the T-shaped damping rod (17) and the mounting cavity.

6. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding assembly further comprises a connecting rod (10), one end of the connecting rod (10) being rotatably mounted on the edge of the incomplete gear (9), and the other end being rotatably mounted with a sliding rod (11), the sliding rod (11) passing through and being slidably mounted on the slider (13), and one end of the sliding rod (11) being symmetrically rotatably mounted with a first roller (12); A clamping arm (15) is symmetrically mounted on the upper portion of the slider (13), and the clamping arm (15) is tangent to the first roller (12); The clamping arm (15) includes two clamping shafts, which are symmetrically arranged and rotatably mounted on the slider (13). A first clamping arm is fixedly mounted on one end of each clamping shaft, and a second clamping arm is fixedly mounted on the other end. The first clamping arm is used to clamp the electric hot explosive raw material (4), and the second clamping arm is used to be tangent to the first roller (12). A first return spring (16) is provided between the two second clamping arms. The feeding assembly further comprises two shearing arms (22), the two shearing arms (22) being symmetrically mounted on the slider (13), and a second return spring (23) being provided between the upper portions of the two shearing arms (22), and an extrusion rod (21) being fixedly mounted on the lower portions of both sides of the slide rail (14), and an inclined surface being provided on the lower portion of the shearing arm (22), the inclined surface being used for extruding with the extrusion rod (21) so as to bring the lower portions of the two shearing arms (22) closer to each other; The feeding assembly further comprises a guide tube (19), wherein the guide tube (19) is fixedly mounted on the slider (13), and the guide tube (19) is coaxially arranged with the anti-return tensioning clamp (20).

7. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transmission shaft (30) is rotatably mounted on the lower portion of the left vertical plate (2). An insulating turntable (25) and a complete gear (24) are passed through and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (30). The toothed portion of the incomplete gear (9) can mesh with the complete gear (24).

8. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating turntable (25) is provided with a plurality of mounting slots, and a power supply slot is provided on the side thereof, and the mounting slots are connected to the power supply slots; The energy-gathering tube includes a double-headed stud (31); The convex double stud (31) is fixedly installed in the installation groove, and the convex double stud (31) is sleeved with a rubber pad (32). One end of the convex double stud (31) is threadedly connected to the inner electric thermal explosion tube (35), and the other end is threadedly connected to the high-voltage sleeve (33), and one side of the high-voltage sleeve (33) is in contact with the step of the inner electric thermal explosion tube (35). The inner electric thermal explosion tube (35) is sleeved with an outer reinforcement tube (36), and one end of the inner electric thermal explosion tube (35) is threadedly connected to a grounding sleeve (34), and the grounding sleeve (34) makes the outer reinforcement tube (36) and the high-voltage sleeve (33) fit in the installation groove; A high-voltage end (37) and a grounding end (38) are provided in the electric explosion chamber (1), wherein the grounding end (38) is used to contact the grounding ring (34), and the high-voltage end (37) is used to contact the high-voltage ring (33) in the electrification slot; The grounding collar (34) is provided with a drop-in hole, and the drop-in hole is used to drop the sheared electric heat explosion raw material (4) and discharge the powder after the electric heat explosion raw material (4) is electrically exploded.

9. The device for preparing nanopowders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 8, characterized in that: A valve port (39) passes through and is fixedly connected to the electric explosion chamber (1); one end of the valve port (39) located inside the electric explosion chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a right vertical plate, and a through hole is provided on the right vertical plate to allow the valve port (39) to communicate with the interior of the electric explosion chamber (1).

10. The device for preparing nano-powders by strongly confined focused energy electric thermal explosion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The positioning assembly includes a support seat (29), the support seat (29) is fixedly mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning wheel frame is slidably mounted on the support seat (29), a second compression spring (28) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the positioning wheel frame, and one end of the second compression spring (28) is fixedly mounted on the support seat (29), and a positioning wheel (27) is rotatably mounted on the positioning wheel frame; One end of the transmission shaft (30) is rotatably mounted on the right vertical plate, and a positioning plate (26) is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (30). The positioning plate (26) is provided with a plurality of positioning arc grooves corresponding to the energy-gathering tubes, and the positioning wheel (27) is used to engage with the positioning arc grooves.

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