System and method for obtaining graphite material

Abstract

The invention provides a system and a method for obtaining a graphite material by liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbon. The method comprises the following steps: crushing solid carbon generated by liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbon by using high-speed airflow; graphitizing the solid carbon crushed by the high-speed airflow in a high-temperature and inert gas environment; and screening and collecting the graphite material. Based on the liquid metal catalytic cracking gaseous hydrocarbon technology, the highly graphitized graphite material is prepared cleanly and efficiently, the process requirement and cost for preparing the graphite material are greatly reduced, and the economic value of the catalytic cracking product of the gaseous hydrocarbon is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nano-processing and green energy preparation, and in particular to a system and method for obtaining graphite materials based on liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons. Background Art

[0002] Liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons offers advantages such as zero emissions, high purity, high efficiency, low cost, and significant economies of scale. However, existing technologies for catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons primarily produce solid carbon products consisting of amorphous mixed carbon materials with low graphitization and added value, and are prone to large-scale agglomeration and compaction. Furthermore, existing graphitized solid carbon technologies are demanding and time-consuming.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing liquid metal catalytic cracking technology of gaseous hydrocarbons to achieve more efficient and convenient conversion of solid carbon products into highly graphitized graphite materials that can be widely used in cutting-edge fields such as electronics, aerospace, and new energy, bringing greater value and benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of how to efficiently utilize liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons to obtain highly graphitized graphite materials, the present invention discloses a system for obtaining graphite materials, which includes a gas flow crushing device and a high-temperature graphitization furnace device.

[0005] The airflow pulverizing device is used to pulverize solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal using a high-speed airflow to obtain solid carbon with uniform particle size; wherein the liquid metal catalyst is one or a combination of two or more of copper, tin, nickel, lanthanum, gallium, indium, bismuth, lead, silver, and zinc; wherein the pulverizing of the solid carbon by the high-speed airflow includes impacting, colliding, and / or shearing the solid carbon by the high-speed airflow;

[0006] The high-temperature graphitization furnace device is used to perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on solid carbon after high-speed airflow pulverization in an inert gas environment to obtain highly graphitized graphite material; wherein the inert gas includes argon;

[0007] Optionally, the system further comprises a filtering device for filtering out impurities contained in the graphite material;

[0008] Preferably, the system further comprises a screening and collecting device for screening and collecting graphite materials. More specifically, the screening and collecting device is used to screen and collect graphite materials of different particle sizes.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention also discloses a method for obtaining graphite material, the method comprising:

[0010] Using a high-speed airflow to pulverize solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal, wherein the liquid metal catalyst is one or a combination of two or more of copper, tin, nickel, lanthanum, gallium, indium, bismuth, lead, silver, and zinc; wherein using the high-speed airflow to pulverize the solid carbon includes using the high-speed airflow to impact, collide, and / or shear the solid carbon;

[0011] Graphitizing solid carbon in a high temperature and inert gas environment to obtain a highly graphitized graphite material; preferably, the inert gas is argon; optionally, after graphitizing the solid carbon, the method further comprises filtering out impurities contained in the graphite material;

[0012] Graphite materials of different particle sizes are screened and collected in grades. Preferably, the screening of the graphite materials includes screening using sieves of different mesh sizes; preferably, the mesh size of the sieve is 200-2500 mesh.

[0013] The system and method for obtaining graphite materials provided by the present invention can achieve the following significant technical effects:

[0014] 1. The present invention is based on liquid metal catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons. The solid carbon generated by the catalytic cracking reaction is homogenized and highly graphitized. It has the advantages of a wide range of raw material sources and a simple process flow. It can significantly reduce the cost of graphite preparation and significantly increase the economic value of the products of catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons.

[0015] 2. The small amount of liquid metal catalyst contained in the solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons can further increase the graphitization rate while reducing the requirements for graphitization temperature and time;

[0016] 3. The particle size of solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking is controlled by high-speed airflow to achieve overall homogenization of the particle size of solid carbon and graphite materials. At the same time, the overall homogenization of graphite materials is further improved by screening out graphite materials with excessive particle size due to agglomeration or agglomeration caused by graphitization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system for obtaining graphite material by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for obtaining graphite material by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons using liquid metal is provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a system 1 for obtaining graphite material, the system 1 comprising: an air flow pulverizing device 10 and a high-temperature graphitization furnace device 20.

[0021] Under the catalytic action of a high-temperature liquid metal catalyst, gaseous hydrocarbons crack to produce hydrogen and solid carbon. The solid carbon produced by the catalytic cracking can be directly discharged and collected from the catalytic cracking reaction chamber. Depending on the process design parameters, the liquid metal catalyst can be one, or a combination of two or more, of copper, tin, nickel, lanthanum, gallium, indium, bismuth, lead, silver, or zinc. In the present invention and its various embodiments, the technical solutions for obtaining and collecting the solid carbon produced by the catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons from the catalytic cracking reaction chamber fall within the scope of the prior art and are not further elaborated here.

[0022] The airflow pulverization device 10 is used to pulverize solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal using a high-speed airflow, thereby obtaining solid carbon with uniform particle size. Preferably, pulverizing the solid carbon using the high-speed airflow includes impacting, colliding, and / or shearing the solid carbon using the high-speed airflow. In some embodiments, the particle size of the solid carbon after pulverization by the high-speed airflow is 5-75 μm.

[0023] The high-temperature graphitization furnace device 20 is used to perform high-temperature graphitization treatment on solid carbon with uniform particle size after being pulverized by high-speed airflow in an inert gas environment to obtain highly graphitized graphite material.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the solid carbon generated by the catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons usually contains a small amount of metal catalysts, which are discharged from the reaction chamber together with the solid carbon. These metal catalysts doped in the solid carbon can provide a graphitization reaction path, reduce the energy required for the rearrangement of carbon atoms, and thus reduce the temperature and time required for graphitization. In addition, the metal particles in the metal catalyst can also adsorb carbon atoms or guide the orderly arrangement of carbon atoms, which helps the solid carbon to form a graphitized layered structure and reduce the occurrence of plate formation or agglomeration. At the same time, the electronic properties of metal elements can promote electron sharing between carbon atoms and accelerate the transition from sp³ hybridization to sp². In addition, the metal catalyst can also reduce the disordered structure and promote the growth of graphite crystallites by filling defects in the solid carbon.

[0025] In some embodiments, the inert gas is argon. In other embodiments, the system 1 for obtaining graphite material further comprises a filtering device 21 for filtering out impurities contained in the graphite material.

[0026] Preferably, the system 1 for obtaining graphite material further includes a screening and collection device 30, which is used to screen out carbon materials that are compacted, agglomerated, or have oversized particles formed during the high-temperature graphitization process, and to grade and screen the collected graphite materials to obtain uniform particle sizes. In some embodiments, the screening and collection device 30 uses a 200-2500 mesh screen to grade and screen the collected graphite materials to obtain particles in the range of 5-75 μm.

[0027] Furthermore, another embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for obtaining graphite material. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0028] S1. Use high-speed airflow to crush the solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal.

[0029] Under the action of a high-temperature liquid metal catalyst, gaseous hydrocarbons are cracked to produce hydrogen and solid carbon, and a small amount of metal catalyst is doped in the generated solid carbon, wherein the liquid metal catalyst is one or a combination of two or more of copper, tin, nickel, lanthanum, gallium, indium, bismuth, lead, silver, and zinc. The method uses a high-speed airflow to impact, collide, and / or shear the solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking, thereby forming solid carbon particles with uniform particle size. By adjusting the various parameters of the high-speed airflow, the particle size of the solid carbon after crushing can be controlled. In some embodiments, the particle size of the solid carbon after crushing by the high-speed airflow is controlled to be between 5 and 75 μm.

[0030] S2. Graphitizing solid carbon in a high temperature and inert gas environment to obtain a highly graphitized graphite material.

[0031] The solid carbon, which has been subjected to high-speed airflow pulverization and has uniform particle size, is placed in a high-temperature, inert gas environment for a period of time, causing the solid carbon to be highly graphitized and converted into a graphite material. A small amount of metal catalyst doped into the solid carbon can further promote the graphitization of the solid carbon, while also lowering the temperature required for graphitization and shortening the reaction time. In some embodiments, the inert gas is high-purity argon, preferably having a purity of not less than 99.999%.

[0032] In other embodiments, after the solid carbon is subjected to high-temperature graphitization, in order to improve the purity of the graphite material, the method further includes filtering out impurities in the graphite material.

[0033] Preferably, the method further comprises:

[0034] S3. Screening graphite materials of different particle sizes and collecting them by grade.

[0035] Part of the solid carbon may become compacted or agglomerated into large particles during the graphitization process. The graphite material formed after graphitization needs to be graded, screened and collected according to the different particle sizes to finally obtain a graphite material with uniform particle size. Preferably, sieves of different mesh sizes can be used for screening and collection according to the technical specifications of the graphite material. In some embodiments, a 200-2500 mesh sieve can be used to screen and obtain a graphite material with a particle size between 5-75 μm. In another embodiment, a 700 mesh sieve can be used to obtain a graphite material with a particle size of 15 μm.

[0036] Those skilled in the art will understand that part or all of the technical solutions provided by the present invention may be implemented through computer program instructions and / or corresponding hardware facilities, and the aforementioned computer program instructions may be stored on any type of computer-readable storage medium.

[0037] The above description is merely an illustration or preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, based on a full understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, any form of modification can be made without departing from the essence of the present invention, or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made thereby should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for obtaining graphite material, characterized in that: The system includes: an air flow pulverizing device and a high-temperature graphitization furnace device; wherein, The airflow pulverization device is used to pulverize solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal using high-speed airflow; The high-temperature graphitization furnace device is used to graphitize the solid carbon crushed by the high-speed airflow in a high-temperature and inert gas environment.

2. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a screening and collecting device, which is used for screening and collecting graphite materials of different particle sizes.

3. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of crushing the solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal using a high-speed airflow includes: utilizing the high-speed airflow to impact, collide and / or shear the solid carbon.

4. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert gas is argon.

5. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a filtering device for filtering out impurities contained in the graphite material.

6. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening and collecting device comprises a screen.

7. The system for obtaining graphite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mesh size of the sieve is 200-2500 mesh.

8. A method for obtaining graphite material, characterized in that: The method comprises: Using high-speed airflow to pulverize solid carbon produced by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by liquid metal; The solid carbon pulverized by the high-speed airflow is graphitized in a high-temperature inert gas environment.

9. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: After graphitizing the solid carbon pulverized by high-speed airflow in a high-temperature inert gas environment, the method further comprises: Filter out impurities contained in graphite materials.

10. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: After graphitizing the solid carbon pulverized by high-speed airflow in a high-temperature inert gas environment, the method further comprises: Screening and collection of graphite materials of different particle sizes.

11. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The solid carbon generated by catalytic cracking of gaseous hydrocarbons by pulverizing liquid metal using a high-speed airflow comprises: Various parameters of the high-speed airflow are adjusted according to the particle size requirements to impact, collide and / or shear the solid carbon.

12. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inert gas is high-purity argon.

13. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 10, characterized in that: The screening and collection of graphite materials of different particle sizes also includes: Use sieves of different mesh sizes to grade and collect graphite materials of different particle sizes.

14. The method for obtaining graphite material according to claim 13, characterized in that: The mesh size of the sieve is 200-2500 mesh.

15. A computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: The instructions can be read by a computer to execute the method for obtaining graphite material according to any one of claims 8 to 14.

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