High-heat-efficiency carbonization chamber flame path structure for clean coke oven
The narrow and high carbonization chamber structure and the fire channel air supply duct design have solved the problems of large coke oven space, poor heat transfer and serious nitrogen oxide generation, and achieved efficient and uniform heating of the coke oven and high-quality coking.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510769260.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
AI Technical Summary
The carbonization chamber structure of the existing clean heat recovery coke oven results in a large footprint, high investment cost, poor heat transfer effect, and serious nitrogen oxide generation, which affects the coking quality and environmental friendliness.
A narrow and high carbonization chamber structure is adopted, with descending fire channels and ascending fire channels spaced apart from each other, and fire channel air supply pipes and double-layer horizontal fire channel cavities are set in the fire channels. By evenly burning combustible raw coal gas, the generation of nitrogen oxides is suppressed and the heat transfer efficiency is improved.
Effectively reduce the floor space of the coke oven, improve coking efficiency and coke quality, reduce nitrogen oxide generation, and achieve uniform heating and efficient combustion.
Smart Images
Figure CN120607899A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a clean heat recovery coke oven, and in particular to improvements to the carbonization chamber and vertical fire channel structure of the clean heat recovery coke oven. Background Art
[0002] The clean heat recovery coke oven is mainly composed of a carbonization chamber, an ascending fire channel, a descending fire channel, a flue and an air inlet. The combustible materials in the clean heat recovery coke oven are burned twice in the furnace body, once at the top of the carbonization chamber, and the other time in the horizontal fire channel including the ascending and descending vertical fire channels and the bottom of the charcoal fire chamber. The heat generated by the combustion of these combustible raw coal gases is used to generate the heat required for coal cake coking.
[0003] The carbonization chamber and combustion chamber of a clean heat recovery coke oven are completely separate. The combustion chamber, which provides the coking heat, primarily consists of ascending and descending flues within the carbonization chamber's partition wall, as well as an S- or C-shaped horizontal flue at the bottom of the carbonization chamber. This separation not only completely prevents coke loss during the late stages of coke maturation, but also allows for the mutual utilization of heat energy from adjacent carbonization chambers, shortening coking time and increasing coke uniformity.
[0004] Existing heat recovery coke ovens all use wide carbonization chambers for coking, and the coke is large in size; but an overly wide carbonization chamber seriously affects the heat transfer effect, the coking time is too long, and it occupies a large area and has high investment costs; if the width of the carbonization chamber is narrowed, the height of the carbonization chamber and the length of the vertical fire channels such as the ascending fire channel and the descending fire channel in the main wall of the carbonization chamber will inevitably increase. Although this can effectively reduce the floor space of the coke oven and optimize the heat transfer effect, the lengthening of the ascending fire channel and the descending fire channel will lead to the following deficiencies; first, the lengthening of the vertical fire channel will directly affect the thermal efficiency of the carbonization chamber wall, causing the combustible raw coal gas and combustion-supporting air content in the ascending fire channel and the descending fire channel to become extremely uneven, thereby causing differences in the combustion of raw coal gas in the ascending fire channel and the descending fire channel. The different combustion conditions lead to different heat generation, which makes the coke oven heating uneven, thereby affecting the heating efficiency and coke quality. Secondly, the narrowing of the carbonization chamber and the lengthening of the vertical fire channel will also lead to the generation of nitrogen oxides. As the vertical fire channel becomes longer, local intense combustion will form in the vertical fire channel, resulting in a high-temperature area. Under high temperature conditions, the nitrogen in the combustion-supporting air will react with oxidation to generate thermal nitrogen oxides. Nitrogen oxides are the main source of air pollution. Large-scale emissions of nitrogen oxides will destroy the environmentally friendly characteristics of clean heat recovery coke ovens. In addition, under high-temperature combustion conditions, the generation rate of thermal nitrogen oxides accelerates rapidly. Studies have shown that for every 100-degree increase in temperature, the amount of nitrogen oxides produced increases by 6-7 times. The existence of local high-temperature areas in the vertical fire channel has become the main source of coke oven pollutants. Thirdly, the narrowing of the carbonization chamber will inevitably lead to the narrowing of the width of the horizontal fire channel at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, which will also affect the uniformity of the temperature at the bottom of the carbonization chamber. Since the descending fire channel is rich in combustible raw coal gas, its temperature is relatively high; while the ascending fire channel has a high content of flue gas after combustion, its temperature is relatively low. The horizontal fire channel at the bottom of the carbonization chamber includes both the horizontal fire channel leading to the descending fire channel and the horizontal fire channel leading to the ascending fire channel. In such a structure, the horizontal fire channel leading to the ascending fire channel will actually occupy the horizontal fire channel leading to the descending fire channel, making the horizontal fire channel leading to the descending fire channel shorter, making the heating heat at the bottom of the chamber appear insufficient, and the inconsistency between the combustion temperatures of the two will also make the heating temperature of the carbonization chamber lower and the heating uneven, affecting the coking quality and heating efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-thermal-efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven, which can not only effectively reduce the footprint of the coke oven and reduce investment costs, but also facilitate the uniform heating of the carbonization chamber to improve the coking efficiency and coke quality.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for clean coke ovens of the present invention comprises a charcoal fire chamber partition wall, a carbonization chamber located between two adjacent carbonization chamber partition walls, and a descending fire channel and an ascending fire channel arranged in the carbonization chamber partition wall, the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel are arranged in the carbonization chamber partition wall at intervals from each other, and fire channel air supply pipes are provided in the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel; the bottom of the carbonization chamber is divided into an upper horizontal fire channel cavity and a lower horizontal fire channel cavity by a fire channel partition, and the fire channel partition is provided with a partition hole; the upper horizontal fire channel cavity is separated by the upper fire channel partition wall and the upper fire channel The middle partition wall of the fire channel is divided into an upper horizontal fire channel and an upper sinking fire channel; the lower horizontal fire channel cavity is divided into a lower horizontal fire channel and a lower air-supply fire channel by the lower fire channel partition wall and the middle partition wall of the lower fire channel, and a lower air-supply fire channel is provided with a lower air-supply pipe; a partition through-hole is provided on the lower fire channel partition wall; the upper space of the carbonization chamber is connected to the upper horizontal fire channel through the descending fire channel entrance, the descending fire channel, and the descending fire channel outlet in sequence, the upper horizontal fire channel is connected to the upper sinking fire channel, and the upper sinking fire channel is connected to the ascending fire channel through the partition through-hole, the lower air-supply fire channel, the partition through-hole, the lower horizontal fire channel and the ascending fire channel entrance in sequence.
[0007] Furthermore, the ratio of the width B to the width-to-height h of the carbonization chamber is 1:(2-4).
[0008] Furthermore, the air supply volumes of the fire channel air supply holes on the fire channel air supply pipe increase sequentially from top to bottom.
[0009] Furthermore, the fire channel air supply pipe includes an arc-shaped pipe wall, and a plurality of fire channel air supply holes arranged on the arc-shaped pipe wall have different directions.
[0010] Furthermore, the fire channel partition is provided with a plurality of partition holes spaced apart from each other, the partition holes corresponding to the lower air supply fire channel, a lower air supply pipe is provided in the lower air supply fire channel, and the lower air supply pipe is provided with a plurality of air supply ports with different directions.
[0011] Furthermore, an air supply duct regulating door is provided at the mouth of the lower air supply duct.
[0012] Furthermore, two lower-layer air supply pipes are provided in each of the lower-layer air supply fire ducts, and an air supply pipe regulating door is provided at the outwardly extending end of each lower-layer air supply pipe.
[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of partition through holes spaced apart from each other are provided on the lower fire channel partition wall.
[0014] Furthermore, an upper fire channel rib wall is provided in the middle position of the upper horizontal fire channel cavity, and the upper horizontal fire channel and the upper sunken fire channel on both sides of the upper fire channel rib wall are not connected to each other.
[0015] In the above structure, since the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel located in the partition wall of the carbonization chamber are spaced apart from each other, this is beneficial to reducing the uneven heating of the carbonization chamber caused by the temperature difference between the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel, and ensuring the uniformity and stability of the temperature of the carbonization chamber. Fire channel air supply pipes are provided in the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel, which can ensure the uniform combustion of the combustible raw coal gas in the narrow descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel, and avoid the concentrated and intense combustion of the coal gas and the combustion-supporting air; the fire channel air supply pipe is used to form a relatively balanced combustion in the descending fire channel and the ascending fire channel, avoiding the occurrence of concentrated and intense combustion, thereby inhibiting the formation of nitrogen oxides, which not only improves the combustion efficiency of the combustible materials in the fire channel and makes the heating more uniform, but also can shorten the coking time of the coke oven production, and can more effectively reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides during the combustion process and reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Furthermore, due to the use of a double-layer horizontal flue cavity structure at the bottom of the carbonization chamber, the upper horizontal flue cavity is connected to the descending flue, which is relatively rich in raw coal gas, which can produce a higher heating temperature in the carbonization chamber. The lower horizontal flue cavity enters the ascending flue after being supplemented with combustion-supporting air. The two-layer horizontal flue cavity structure effectively lengthens the combustion path, balances and reduces the intensity of combustion in the bottom flue, improves temperature uniformity, improves coke condition, and inhibits the formation of nitrogen oxides. The double-layer horizontal flue cavity also effectively reduces the width of the carbonization chamber, greatly reducing the floor space of the coke oven. The upper flue cavity is equipped with an upper flue partition wall and an upper flue middle partition wall to separate the upper flue cavity into a tortuous flue, lengthening the flow time and path of the combustion flue gas in the flue cavity, improving the heat transfer efficiency from the flue to the carbonization chamber, and promoting the maturation of coke and the improvement of carbonization quality. In the lower horizontal fire channel cavity, the lower fire channel partition wall and the lower fire channel middle partition wall separate the lower horizontal fire channel and the lower air supply fire channel, allowing the burning high-temperature flue gas to diffusely enter the various ascending fire channels in the carbonization chamber partition walls through the partition wall through-holes on the lower fire channel partition wall. In the above structure, the raw coal gas in the upper space of the carbonization chamber is sequentially connected to the upper horizontal fire channel through the descending fire channel inlet, the descending fire channel, and the descending fire channel outlet. The upper horizontal fire channel is connected to the upper sinking fire channel. The upper sinking fire channel is sequentially connected to the ascending fire channel through the partition through-holes, the lower air supply fire channel, the partition wall through-holes, the lower horizontal fire channel, and the ascending fire channel inlet, thereby greatly improving the heat conduction efficiency between the fire channel and the carbonization chamber, uniformizing the heating temperature, enhancing the heat transfer speed and effect, and improving the coke quality. At the same time, the carbonization chamber fire channel structure of the present invention can not only shorten the carbonization chamber width without affecting the coke yield and reduce the floor space of the coke oven, but also is conducive to the uniform combustion of combustible gas in the fire channel, effectively inhibiting the generation of nitrogen oxides and avoiding the pollution of the coke oven to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of a high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The carbonization chamber unit structure diagram through the vertical section of the downdraft in the structure ( Figure 6 D-D section in the figure);
[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The carbonization chamber unit structure diagram through the vertical section of the rising fire channel in the structure ( Figure 7 Middle E-E section);
[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 and Figure 3 Front structural diagram of the middle fire channel air supply duct;
[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 C-C cross-section diagram;
[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A-A cross-section in the middle;
[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Middle B-B cross section;
[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle fire channel partition;
[0025] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 F-F cross-section;
[0026] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower air supply ducts;
[0027] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 G-G cross-section structure diagram.
[0028] In the figure, 1 is the carbonization chamber, 2 is the carbonization chamber partition wall, 3 is the descending fire channel, 4 is the descending fire channel entrance, 5 is the fire channel air supply pipe, 6 is the descending fire channel outlet, 7 is the upper horizontal fire channel, 8 is the upper sinking fire channel, 9 is the fire channel partition, 10 is the partition hole, 11 is the lower fire channel partition wall, 12 is the partition wall hole, 13 is the lower air supply pipe, 14 is the lower fire channel middle partition wall, 15 is the lower horizontal fire channel, 16 is the lower air supply fire channel, 17 is the rising fire channel, 18 is the rising fire channel entrance, 19 is the fire channel air supply hole, 20 is the upper fire channel rib wall, 21 is the upper fire channel partition wall, 22 is the upper fire channel middle partition wall, 23 is the air supply pipe control door, 24 is the air supply outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The illustrated high-efficiency carbonization chamber flue structure for a clean coke oven includes several parallel, vertically arranged carbonization chamber partition walls 2. The tops of adjacent carbonization chamber partition walls 2 are arched. The arched roofs and adjacent carbonization chamber partition walls 2 enclose several porous carbonization chambers 1. Each carbonization chamber 1 has a width B = 2m and a height H = 5m, forming a narrow and tall carbonization chamber structure. This ensures that the carbonization chamber volume remains unchanged while effectively reducing the carbonization chamber's footprint. Preferably, the ratio of the width B to the height H of the carbonization chamber 1 is 2-4. Each carbonization chamber 1 has the same structure and dimensions.
[0030] In each carbonization chamber partition wall 2, descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 are alternately arranged at intervals. The descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 on the two opposite carbonization chamber partition walls 2 are located on the same vertical cross-section, that is, the descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 on the two opposite carbonization chamber partition walls 2 are respectively arranged corresponding to each other and located on the same cross-section. Of course, the descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 can also be relatively staggered, that is, the descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 are respectively arranged on the same vertical cross-section of the opposite carbonization chamber partition wall 2.
[0031] The upper end of the downcomer 3 is connected to the upper space of the carbonization chamber 1 through the downcomer inlet 4. The lower end of the downcomer 3 leads to the upper horizontal flue cavity through the downcomer outlet 6. The upper horizontal flue cavity is located at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 1, and the lower horizontal flue cavity is located below the upper horizontal flue cavity. The lower horizontal flue 15, whose lower portion is the lower flue cavity, leads to the ascending flue 17 through the ascending flue inlet 18. The upper horizontal flue cavity and the lower horizontal flue cavity are separated by a flue baffle 9, the ends of which are placed on the partition walls 2 of the two adjacent carbonization chambers.
[0032] Both the downcomer 3 and the ascender 17 are vertically arranged square tubes constructed from refractory bricks. A flue air supply duct 5 is fixedly installed in each of the downcomer 3 and ascender 17. The bottom end of the duct is connected to the air supply port on the furnace wall. The air supply volume can be adjusted by adjusting the ventilation area of the furnace wall air supply port.
[0033] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the fire channel air supply pipe 5 utilizes a curved tile-like structure. This curved tile-like wall, along with the inner wall of the descending fire channel 3 or ascending fire channel 17, forms an air supply channel. Several fire channel air supply holes 19 are circumferentially arranged on the tile-like wall of the fire channel air supply pipe 5. The fire channel air supply holes 19 on the same horizontal cross-section have different air supply orientations to evenly disperse the combustion flame. Several air supply hole surfaces are equidistantly arranged on the fire channel air supply pipe 5. The total air supply hole area of each air supply hole surface increases from the top to the bottom of the fire channel air supply pipe 5, forming a structure in which the air supply volume increases from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the fire channel air supply pipe 5 is provided with five air supply hole surfaces from top to bottom, each of which is radially arranged with one to five fire channel air supply holes 19. The fire channel air supply holes 19 are cylindrical holes, but can also be holes of other geometric cross-sections, such as rectangular holes. The cross-sectional area of each fire channel air supply hole 19 is approximately equal.
[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, descending flues 3 and ascending flues 17 are alternately arranged on the carbonization chamber partition walls 2 on either side of the carbonization chamber 1. The upper horizontal flue cavity above the flue partition 9 of the carbonization chamber 1 is divided into two independent chambers by upper flue rib walls 20 extending in the width direction. An upper flue intermediate partition wall 22 is located in the middle of each chamber along its length. Upper flue partition walls 21 are located on either side of the upper flue intermediate partition wall 22. The space between the inner end of the upper flue partition wall 21 and the upper flue rib walls 20 forms a high-temperature flue gas return channel. An upper horizontal flue 7 is formed between the upper flue partition wall 21 and the corresponding carbonization chamber partition wall 2, and an upper descending flue 8 is formed between the upper flue partition wall 21 and the upper flue intermediate partition wall 22. The partition through-holes 10 on the flue partition wall 9 are located at the bottom of the upper descending flue 8. The descending fire channel 3 ends above the plane where the fire channel partition 9 is located, and the ascending fire channel 17 continues to extend downward.
[0035] like Figure 7As shown, only the ascending fire channel 17 is provided on the carbonization chamber partition wall 2 of this section, and the descending fire channel 3 has terminated. A lower-level fire channel intermediate partition wall 14 is provided along the length of the lower-level fire channel cavity below the fire channel partition plate 9. Lower-level fire channel intermediate partition walls 11 are provided on both sides of the lower-level fire channel intermediate partition wall 14. The lower-level fire channel partition walls 11 and the inner wall surface of the carbonization chamber partition wall 2 on the corresponding side form a lower-level horizontal fire channel 15. A lower-level air supply fire channel 16 is formed between the lower-level fire channel partition wall 11 and the lower-level fire channel intermediate partition wall 14. Two lower-level air supply pipes 13 are provided opposite each other in each lower-level air supply fire channel 16. Each lower-level air supply pipe 13 has an air supply pipe control door 23 at its extended end. This air supply pipe control door 23 can be a commonly used outward-opening furnace door or a sliding furnace door, or even a brick-built door.
[0036] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, the fire channel partition 9 is a rectangular shelf with two rows of partition holes 10 in the middle of the fire channel partition 9. The partition holes 10 are long strip-shaped holes. The partition holes 10 are located at positions corresponding to the upper sunken fire channel 8. The fire channel partition 9 is cast from refractory cement.
[0037] like Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, the lower air supply duct 13 is constructed of refractory cement with an arched blind path. Its inner end is closed, and its outer end is a supply air duct control door 23. Several supply air ports 24 are provided on the arched top wall of the lower air supply duct 13. Three supply air ports 24 with different orientations are provided on the same duct cross-section to ensure uniform supply of combustion-supporting air to the lower air supply fire duct 16.
[0038] The above are some preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still improve and replace the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments. Without violating the spirit and principles of the present invention, these replacements and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven, comprising a carbonization chamber partition wall (2), a carbonization chamber (1) located between two adjacent carbonization chamber partition walls (2), and a descending fire channel (3) and an ascending fire channel (17) arranged in the carbonization chamber partition wall (2), characterized in that: The descending fire channel (3) and the ascending fire channel (17) are arranged in a spaced relationship within the carbonization chamber partition wall (2), and a fire channel air supply pipe (5) is provided in both the descending fire channel (3) and the ascending fire channel (17); The bottom of the carbonization chamber (1) is divided into an upper horizontal fire channel cavity and a lower horizontal fire channel cavity by a fire channel partition (9), and the fire channel partition (9) is provided with a partition hole (10); The upper horizontal fire channel cavity is separated into an upper horizontal fire channel (7) and an upper sunken fire channel (8) by an upper fire channel partition wall (21) and an upper fire channel middle partition wall (22); the lower horizontal fire channel cavity is separated into a lower horizontal fire channel (15) and a lower air supply fire channel (16) by a lower fire channel partition wall (11) and a lower fire channel middle partition wall (14); a lower air supply pipe (13) is provided in the lower air supply fire channel (16); and a partition through hole (12) is provided on the lower fire channel partition wall (11); The upper space of the carbonization chamber (1) leads to the upper horizontal fire channel (7) through the descending fire channel entrance (4), the descending fire channel (3), and the descending fire channel exit (6) in sequence. The upper horizontal fire channel (7) is connected to the upper sinking fire channel (8). The upper sinking fire channel (8) leads to the ascending fire channel (17) through the partition through hole (10), the lower air supply fire channel (16), the partition wall through hole (12), the lower horizontal fire channel (15) and the ascending fire channel entrance (18) in sequence.
2. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the width B to the width-to-height h of the carbonization chamber (1) is 1:(2-4).
3. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply volume of the fire channel air supply holes (19) on the fire channel air supply pipe (5) increases from top to bottom.
4. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fire channel air supply pipe (5) comprises an arc-shaped pipe wall, and a plurality of fire channel air supply holes (19) arranged on the arc-shaped pipe wall have different directions.
5. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire channel partition (9) is provided with a plurality of partition through holes (10) spaced apart from each other, and the partition through holes (10) correspond to the lower air supply fire channel (16). A lower air supply pipe (13) is provided in the lower air supply fire channel (16), and a plurality of air supply ports (24) facing in different directions are provided on the lower air supply pipe (13).
6. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air supply duct regulating door (23) is provided at the mouth end of the lower air supply duct (13).
7. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Two lower air supply pipes (13) are provided in each of the lower air supply fire channels (16), and an air supply pipe regulating door (23) is provided at the outwardly extending end of each lower air supply pipe (13).
8. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of partition through holes (12) spaced apart from each other are provided on the lower fire channel partition wall (11).
9. The high thermal efficiency carbonization chamber fire channel structure for a clean coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper fire channel rib wall (20) is provided in the middle of the upper horizontal fire channel cavity, and the upper horizontal fire channel (7) and the upper sunken fire channel (8) on both sides of the upper fire channel rib wall (20) are not connected to each other.