A laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed rail lock hook

Abstract

The present invention provides a laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed railway lock hook, which relates to the field of laser processing technology. The device comprises a base, a fixing fixture is installed on the front side of the upper end of the base, a moving mechanism is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base, the fixing fixture is used to fix the high-speed railway lock hook, a laser head is correspondingly provided on the upper side of the high-speed railway lock hook, the laser head is installed on the moving mechanism, the laser head is electrically connected to the laser through a signal line, a heat dissipation channel is provided on the side of the laser head, the inlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to an air inlet pipe, the outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to an air outlet pipe, the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are connected to a heat dissipation device, and the coordinated movement of the laser head and the high-speed railway lock hook is controlled so that the distance between the laser head and the high-speed railway lock hook in the up and down directions is the same during the scanning and quenching process of the high-speed railway lock hook, thereby ensuring that the propagation distance of the laser beam is the same, and improving the depth of the quenching layer of the high-speed railway lock hook and the uniformity of the quenching hardness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser quenching processing device for the surface of a lock hook for a high-speed railway. Background Art

[0002] The hook-shaped external locking device is a mechanical device that locks the point rail and the stock rail together. It plays a very important role in the switch switching and locking process. The hook part is the core component of the hook-shaped external locking device. At present, my country is in a period of rapid development of high-speed rail, and the demand for hook-shaped external locking devices is very large. Therefore, the processing quality of the hook part as a core component must be guaranteed. The surface of the hook part needs to be quenched to increase the surface hardness. In order to ensure the quality of surface quenching and improve processing efficiency, laser quenching technology is adopted. Laser quenching is a heat treatment process in which a laser beam with high energy density is scanned during the surface treatment of metal workpieces, so that the surface temperature of the irradiated metal reaches a temperature greater than the phase change temperature of the material but less than the melting point in a very short time.

[0003] In the existing laser quenching process, in order to realize the scanning of the laser beam on the surface of the metal workpiece, a CNC machine tool is used to drive the metal workpiece to move in a uniform linear (or circular) motion on a horizontal plane, while the laser is located above the metal workpiece and fixed. This laser scanning method is suitable for regular metal parts, that is, the distance between the laser and the metal workpiece is always the same during the movement of the metal workpiece, so that the propagation distance of the laser beam remains unchanged. Since the lock hook part is a special-shaped part, the distance between the laser and the quenching part of the lock hook part will change only by the uniform linear (or circular) motion of the lock hook part, which will cause the propagation distance of the laser beam to change. The change in propagation distance will cause the laser energy to change, which can easily lead to uneven quenching layer depth and quenching hardness, making the surface of the lock hook part prone to cracks after quenching. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a laser quenching processing device for the surface of a lock hook for high-speed railways, which is used to solve the technical problem mentioned above that since the lock hook part is a special-shaped part, the distance between the laser and the quenching part of the lock hook part will change when the lock hook part moves only at a uniform linear (or circular) speed, causing the propagation distance of the laser beam to change. The change in propagation distance will cause the laser energy to change, which may easily lead to uneven quenching layer depth and quenching hardness, and make cracks easily appear on the surface of the lock hook part after quenching.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed railway lock hook, comprising a base, a fixing fixture is installed on the front side of the upper end of the base, a moving mechanism is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base, the fixing fixture is used to fix the high-speed railway lock hook, and a laser head is correspondingly provided on the upper side of the high-speed railway lock hook, the laser head is installed on the moving mechanism, the laser head is electrically connected to the laser through a signal line, a heat dissipation channel is provided on the side of the laser head, the inlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air inlet pipe, the outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air outlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are connected to a heat dissipation device.

[0006] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a linear motor 1, which is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base. The linear motor 1 is connected to a sliding block 1 for sliding along the left and right directions. The sliding block 1 is installed with a linear motor 2. The linear motor 2 is connected to the sliding block 2 for sliding along the front and back directions. The sliding block 2 is installed with a linear motor 3. The linear motor 3 is connected to the sliding block 3 for sliding along the up and down directions. The sliding block 3 is fixedly connected to the laser head.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing fixture includes support blocks distributed front and back, the support block is fixedly arranged on the front side of the upper end of the base, an arc block is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the support block, the arc block is slidably connected to the arc slider, a fixed block 1 is fixedly arranged between the arc sliders on the front and rear sides, fixed block 1 is fixedly connected to motor 1, motor 1 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft, and the motor shaft is rotatably connected to fixed block 1.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the arc-shaped sliders away from each other is fixedly connected to the fixed block 2, the fixed block 2 is slidably connected to the sliding shaft, one end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the operating block, a spring 1 is fixedly provided between the operating block and the fixed block 2, a set of springs is provided on the sliding shaft, the side of the sliding shaft away from the operating block is fixedly connected to the gear 1, the gear 1 is correspondingly meshed with the arc-shaped rack, an arc groove 1 is provided at one end of the arc blocks away from each other, and the arc rack is fixedly arranged in the arc groove 1.

[0009] Preferably, the motor shaft is fixedly connected to the positioning block, a positioning slot is provided at the upper end of the positioning block, a positioning plate is slidably provided at the upper end of the positioning slot, and a plurality of threaded columns are evenly spaced along the front-to-back direction on the positioning plate.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding seat 1 is provided at one end of the arc block close to the positioning block for sliding along the up and down directions. The sliding seat 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod through the connecting shaft 1. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 2 through the connecting shaft 2. The sliding seat 2 is slidably connected to the arc groove 2 on the positioning block. The connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 1. The connecting shaft 1 is slidably connected to the movable sleeve. The movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the gear 2. The gear 2 is correspondingly meshed with the rack. The rack is fixedly arranged at one end of the arc block close to the positioning block.

[0011] Preferably, the heat dissipation device includes an insulation shell, a cavity is provided inside the insulation shell, an insulation board is fixedly provided in the middle of the cavity, the front right end of the cavity is connected to the air inlet pipe, the rear left end of the cavity is connected to the air outlet pipe, the front end of the insulation board is in contact with the telescopic block, the telescopic block is fixedly connected to the filter screen, the filter screen is slidingly connected to the front end of the cavity, the lower end of the telescopic block is fixedly connected to the inclined block one, the inclined end of the inclined block one is slidingly connected to the inclined end of the inclined block two, and the inclined block two is fixedly connected to the front end of the insulation board.

[0012] Preferably, the lower inclined end of the insulation plate is slidably connected to the inclined end of the matching block, the matching block is slidably connected to the lower end of the insulation shell, the matching block is fixedly connected to the connecting shell, the connecting shell is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and a number of springs are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides between the connecting plate and the insulation shell, blocking blocks are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting plate, and ventilation pipes are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting shell.

[0013] Preferably, air vents are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the lower end of the insulation shell, the air vents correspond to the inclined ends of the block, the block is slidably connected to the sliding openings at the upper and lower ends of the mounting shell, a temporary storage cavity is provided inside the mounting shell, the sliding opening is connected to the temporary storage cavity, the temporary storage cavity is connected to the ventilation pipe, the sliding opening of the front mounting shell is connected to the front side of the cavity through the front air vent, the sliding opening of the rear mounting shell is connected to the rear side of the cavity through the rear air vent, and the mounting shell is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the insulation shell.

[0014] Preferably, an operating chamber is provided at the upper end of the connecting shell, a ventilation chamber is provided inside the connecting shell, a partition is provided between the operating chamber and the ventilation chamber, a rotating shaft is rotatably provided in the middle of the partition, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second pulley, the second pulley is connected to the first pulley through a conveyor belt, the first pulley is fixedly connected to the guide shaft, the guide shaft is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the partition, a spiral groove is provided on the guide shaft, the spiral groove is slidably connected to the guide ball, the guide ball is rotatably connected to the lower end through hole of the pushing block, the lower end through hole of the pushing block is matched with the guide shaft, the pushing block is slidably connected to the opening on the inclined end of the matching block, and the upper The side inclined end is in corresponding contact with the heat insulation plate, and a through-hole is provided on the heat insulation plate, and the through-hole is in corresponding contact with the telescopic block. The rotating shaft passes through the partition into the ventilation cavity and is fixedly connected with the two baffles. A torsion spring is sleeved on the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the torsion spring is fixedly arranged between the second pulley and the upper end of the operating cavity. The two baffles are distributed at an obtuse angle. The ventilation cavity is evenly provided with four ventilation holes along the circumference. The front ventilation hole is connected to the front ventilation pipe, the rear ventilation hole is connected to the rear ventilation pipe, the left ventilation hole is connected to the outside world, and the right ventilation hole is connected to the intake pump. The intake pump is installed at the right end of the connecting shell.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The fixed fixture drives the high-speed rail lock hook to rotate automatically in the front-to-back direction, and can also manually adjust the angle of the high-speed rail lock hook in the left-to-right direction. The moving mechanism can drive the laser head to move in the left-to-right direction, the front-to-back direction, and the up-down direction. By controlling the coordinated movement of the laser head and the high-speed rail lock hook, the distance between the laser head and the high-speed rail lock hook in the up-down direction is the same during the scanning and quenching process of the high-speed rail lock hook, ensuring the same propagation distance of the laser beam, avoiding changes in laser energy due to the influence of propagation distance, improving the uniformity of the quenching layer depth and quenching hardness of the high-speed rail lock hook, and avoiding cracks on the surface of the high-speed rail lock hook after quenching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-speed rail lock hook structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base connection structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the fixing fixture structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the fixing fixture structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arc block connection structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head connection structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation shell connection structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the heat insulation board connection structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the connection plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connection shell of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the operating chamber of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the through-port of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. High-speed rail lock hook; 101. Head; 102. Middle; 103. Tail; 2. Base; 3. Linear motor 1; 4. Linear motor 2; 5. Sliding block 2; 6. Linear motor 3; 7. Sliding block 3; 8. Laser head; 9. Signal line; 10. Support block; 11. Positioning block; 12. Positioning plate; 13. Threaded column; 14. Fixed block 1; 15. Motor 1; 16. Motor shaft; 17. Arc block; 18. Arc slider; 19. Fixed block 2; 20. Laser; 21. Arc rack; 22. Positioning slot; 23. Rotating rod; 24. Sliding seat 2; 25. Sliding seat 1; 26. Operating block; 27 , sliding shaft; 28, arc groove one; 29, gear one; 30, gear two; 31, rack; 32, insulation shell; 33, air outlet pipe; 34, filter screen; 35, telescopic block; 36, tilting block one; 37, tilting block two; 38, pushing block; 39, connecting plate; 40, matching block; 41, connecting shell; 42, insulation board; 43, spring two; 44, mounting shell; 45, vent pipe; 46, blocking block; 47, operating chamber; 48, guide shaft; 49, conveyor belt; 50, pulley two; 51, rotating shaft; 52, baffle; 53, ventilation chamber; 54, vent hole; 55, through-hole; 56, partition; 57, intake pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] The present invention provides the following embodiments

[0035] Example 1: The present invention provides a laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed rail lock hook, such as Figures 1-6As shown, it includes a base 2, a fixing fixture is installed on the front side of the upper end of the base 2, and a moving mechanism is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base 2. The fixing fixture is used to fix the high-speed rail lock hook 1. A laser head 8 is correspondingly provided on the upper side of the high-speed rail lock hook 1. The laser head 8 is installed on the moving mechanism. The laser head 8 is electrically connected to the laser 20 through a signal line 9. A heat dissipation channel is provided on the side of the laser head 8. The inlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air inlet pipe 57, and the outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air outlet pipe 33. The air inlet pipe 57 and the air outlet pipe 33 are connected to a heat dissipation device.

[0036] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0037] The fixing fixture can fix the high-speed rail lock hook 1 on the base 2, and the fixing fixture drives the high-speed rail lock hook 1 to rotate automatically along the front and rear directions, and can also manually adjust the angle of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 along the left and right directions. The moving mechanism can drive the laser head 8 to move along the left and right directions, the front and rear directions, and the up and down directions. When the light beam emitted by the laser head 8 is irradiated on the surface of the high-speed rail lock hook 1, it is subjected to a quenching process. The sequential connection of the air inlet pipe 57, the heat dissipation channel and the air outlet pipe 33 can make the air flow in a direction in the heat dissipation channel of the laser head 8, dissipate heat when the laser head 8 is working, and ensure the stable operation of the laser head 8. By controlling the coordinated movement of the laser head 8 and the high-speed rail lock hook 1 The movement of the laser head 8 makes the distance between the laser head 8 and the high-speed rail lock hook 1 in the vertical direction the same during the scanning quenching process of the high-speed rail lock hook 1, ensuring the same propagation distance of the laser beam, improving the uniformity of the quenching layer depth and quenching hardness of the high-speed rail lock hook 1, and solving the technical problem that the lock hook part is a special-shaped part and the distance between the laser and the quenching part of the lock hook part will change only by the uniform linear (or circular) motion of the lock hook part, causing the propagation distance of the laser beam to change. The change in propagation distance will cause the laser energy to change, which will easily lead to uneven quenching layer depth and quenching hardness, and make the surface of the lock hook part prone to cracks after quenching.

[0038] Example 2: Based on Example 1, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the moving mechanism includes a linear motor 3, which is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base 2. The linear motor 3 is connected to a sliding block 1 for sliding along the left and right directions. The sliding block 1 is installed with a linear motor 2 4. The linear motor 2 4 is connected to a sliding block 2 5 for sliding along the front and back directions. The sliding block 2 5 is installed with a linear motor 3 6. The linear motor 3 6 is connected to a sliding block 3 7 for sliding along the up and down directions. The sliding block 3 7 is fixedly connected to the laser head 8.

[0039] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0040] When linear motor 13 is working, it can drive sliding block 1 to slide in the left and right directions, sliding block 1 drives linear motor 2 4 to move in the left and right directions, and when linear motor 24 is working, it drives sliding block 2 5 to slide in the front and back directions, and sliding block 2 5 drives linear motor 3 6 to move in the front and back directions. When linear motor 3 6 is working, sliding block 3 7 slides in the up and down directions, and sliding block 3 7 drives the laser head 8 to move in the up and down directions, thereby achieving the purpose of left and right, front and back, and up and down movement of the laser head 8, so that the laser head 8 can be moved to any position in three-dimensional space.

[0041] Example 3: Based on Example 2, Figures 1-6 As shown, the fixing fixture includes support blocks 10 distributed front and back, the support block 10 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the upper end of the base 2, the upper end of the support block 10 is fixedly provided with an arc block 17, the arc block 17 is slidably connected to the arc slider 18, and a fixed block 14 is fixed between the arc sliders 18 on the front and rear sides, the fixed block 14 is fixedly connected to the motor 15, the motor 15 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft 16, and the motor shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the fixed block 14;

[0042] One end of the arc-shaped slider 18 that is away from each other is fixedly connected to the fixed block 2 19, and the fixed block 2 19 is slidably connected to the sliding shaft 27. One end of the sliding shaft 27 is fixedly connected to the operating block 26. A spring 1 is fixedly provided between the operating block 26 and the fixed block 2 19. A set of springs is provided on the sliding shaft 27. The side of the sliding shaft 27 away from the operating block 26 is fixedly connected to the gear 1 29. The gear 1 29 is correspondingly meshed with the arc-shaped rack 21. An arc groove 1 28 is provided at the end of the arc block 17 that is away from each other. The arc rack 21 is fixedly provided in the arc groove 1 28.

[0043] The motor shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 11. The upper end of the positioning block 11 is provided with a positioning groove 22. The upper end of the positioning groove 22 is slidably provided with a positioning plate 12. The positioning plate 12 is evenly spaced along the front-to-back direction with a plurality of threaded columns 13.

[0044] A sliding seat 25 is provided at one end of the arc block 17 close to the positioning block 11, which slides in the up and down directions. The sliding seat 25 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 23 through a connecting shaft 1. The rotating rod 23 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 24 through a connecting shaft 2. The sliding seat 24 is slidably connected to the arc groove 2 on the positioning block 11. The connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 25. The connecting shaft 1 is slidably connected to the movable sleeve. The movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the gear 2 30. The gear 2 30 is correspondingly meshed with the rack 31. The rack 31 is fixedly provided at one end of the arc block 17 close to the positioning block 11.

[0045] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0046] The high-speed rail lock hook 1 includes a head 101, a middle part 102 and a tail 103. When fixing the high-speed rail lock hook 1, the middle part or the tail of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 is placed in the positioning groove 22, and the threaded column 13 on the positioning plate 12 is screwed so that the threaded column 13 contacts the surface of the high-speed rail lock hook 1, thereby squeezing and fixing the upper and lower ends of the high-speed rail lock hook 1, ensuring that the high-speed rail lock hook 1 and the positioning block 11 are connected as one. When the motor 15 is working, it drives the motor shaft 16 to rotate, and the motor shaft 16 drives the positioning block 11 to rotate in the front and rear directions, thereby driving the inclined end face and the curved end face of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 to rotate to a horizontal state through the positioning block 11. When the high-speed rail lock hook 1 rotates, it can cooperate with the laser head 8 to move, ensuring that the propagation distance of the laser beam emitted by the laser head 8 to the inclined end face and the curved end face of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 is the same;

[0047] If the side end of the groove opened in the head 101 is laser quenched, a suitable laser incident angle direction is required for scanning. Therefore, when the angle of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 along the left and right directions needs to be adjusted, the operating block 26 is pulled, and the operating block 26 drives the sliding shaft 27 to move. The sliding shaft 27 drives the gear 1 29 to disengage the arc-shaped rack 21. At this time, the arc-shaped slider 18 can slide freely along the arc block 17, and then the movable sleeve is pulled. The movable sleeve drives the gear 2 30 to disengage the rack 31, and the connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 1 25. At this time, the sliding seat 1 25 can move freely up and down along the arc block 17, and the arc-shaped slider 18 slides. When the fixed block 14 is driven to slide, the fixed block 14 drives the positioning block 11 to rotate in the left and right directions through the motor shaft 16, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the left and right angles of the positioning block 11. At this time, the rotating rod 23 can rotate freely. The arrangement of the rotating rod 23, the sliding seat 1 25 and the sliding seat 2 24 improves the connection stability between the arc block 17 and the positioning block 11. After the gear 1 29 is engaged with the arc rack 21, the arc slider 18 cannot slide freely along the arc block 17. After the gear 2 30 is engaged with the rack 31, the sliding seat 1 25 cannot move up and down along the arc block 17, thereby ensuring that the positioning block 11 is in a stationary state.

[0048] A positioning plate 12 is provided at the upper end of the positioning groove 22 which slides along the front-to-back direction. The front-to-back position of the positioning plate 12 can be adjusted so that the upper end surface of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 in the positioning groove 22 is exposed to the outside world, which is convenient for laser quenching. By adjusting the front-to-back position of the positioning plate 12 so that the positioning plate 12 is located at the tail of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 as much as possible, the head of the high-speed rail lock hook 1 can be prevented from being too heavy, causing the high-speed rail lock hook 1 to tilt, thereby ensuring the connection effect between the high-speed rail lock hook 1 and the positioning block 11.

[0049] Example 4: Based on Example 1, Figures 1-10As shown, the heat dissipation device includes a heat-insulating shell 32, a cavity is provided inside the heat-insulating shell 32, a heat-insulating plate 42 is fixedly provided in the middle of the cavity, the front right end of the cavity is connected to the air inlet pipe 57, and the rear left end of the cavity is connected to the air outlet pipe 33. The front end of the heat-insulating plate 42 contacts the telescopic block 35, the telescopic block 35 is fixedly connected to the filter 34, the filter 34 is slidably connected to the front end of the cavity, the lower end of the telescopic block 35 is fixedly connected to the inclined block 1 36, the inclined end of the inclined block 1 36 is slidably connected to the inclined end of the inclined block 2 37, and the inclined block 2 37 is fixedly connected to the front end of the heat-insulating plate 42;

[0050] The lower inclined end of the heat insulation plate 42 is slidably connected to the inclined end of the matching block 40, the matching block 40 is slidably connected to the lower end of the insulation shell 32, the matching block 40 is fixedly connected to the connecting shell 41, and the connecting shell 41 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 39. A plurality of springs 43 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides between the connecting plate 39 and the insulation shell 32. Blocks 46 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting plate 39. Ventilation pipes 45 are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting shell 41.

[0051] Ventilation holes are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the lower end of the insulation shell 32. The vents correspond to the inclined ends of the block 46. The block 46 is slidably connected to the sliding holes at the upper and lower ends of the mounting shell 44. A temporary storage cavity is provided inside the mounting shell 44. The sliding hole is connected to the temporary storage cavity, and the temporary storage cavity is connected to the ventilation pipe 45. The sliding hole of the front mounting shell 44 is connected to the front side of the cavity through the front vent, and the sliding hole of the rear mounting shell 44 is connected to the rear side of the cavity through the rear vent. The mounting shell 44 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the insulation shell 32.

[0052] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0053] The heat preservation shell 32 is arranged so that the temperature in the cavity of the heat preservation shell 32 is not greatly affected by the external ambient temperature. The outside air enters the front side of the cavity through the vent on the front side, and then passes through the filter 34 from bottom to top to remove dust in the air. The air after removing dust passes through the air inlet pipe 57 and enters the heat dissipation channel. The air in the heat dissipation channel enters the rear side of the cavity through the air outlet pipe 33 and finally flows out through the vent on the rear side. Since the air will carry the heat generated when the laser head 8 is working after entering the heat dissipation channel, the temperature of the air entering the rear side of the cavity is greater than the temperature of the air on the front side. Due to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the air on the rear side will push the heat insulation plate 42 to move forward. When the heat insulation plate 42 moves, it pushes the inclined block 2 37 to move forward and the telescopic block 35 to contract. The telescopic block 35 is an elastic telescopic block. At this time, the inclined block 2 37, the inclined block 1 36 and the telescopic block 35 move synchronously, and the inclined section of the heat insulation plate 42 pushes the inclined end of the matching block 40 to move downward. The mating block 40 drives the connecting plate 39 to move through the connecting shell 41, the spring 2 43 is stretched, and the connecting plate 39 drives the blocking block 46 to move downward. The blocking block 46 is set at an inclined end, so when the blocking block 46 moves downward, the opening of the sliding port gradually increases. The sliding port is equivalent to a valve. At this time, the gas flow through the vents on the front and rear sides increases, thereby increasing the air flow in the heat dissipation channel and improving the heat dissipation effect on the laser head 8, until the heat generation of the laser head 8 decreases. At this time, the heat carried by the unit volume of air decreases, and the temperature difference of the air on the front and rear sides of the cavity decreases. Under the elastic action of the spring 2 43, the connecting plate 39 is driven to move upward, and the connecting plate 39 drives the blocking block 46 to move upward, thereby automatically reducing the opening of the sliding port. By automatically controlling the opening of the sliding port, the air flow in the heat dissipation channel can be automatically adjusted to ensure the heat dissipation effect on the laser head 8. There is no need to manually adjust the air flow in the heat dissipation channel, which is convenient to operate and saves time and effort.

[0054] Example 5: Based on Example 4, Figures 1-13As shown, an operating chamber 47 is provided at the upper end of the connecting shell 41, a ventilation chamber 53 is provided inside the connecting shell 41, a partition 56 is provided between the operating chamber 47 and the ventilation chamber 53, a rotating shaft 51 is rotatably provided in the middle of the partition 56, the rotating shaft 51 is fixedly connected to the second pulley 50, the second pulley 50 is connected to the first pulley through the conveyor belt 49, the first pulley is fixedly connected to the guide shaft 48, the guide shaft 48 is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the partition 56, a spiral groove is provided on the guide shaft 48, the spiral groove is slidably connected to the guide ball, the guide ball is rotatably connected to the lower end through hole of the push block 38, the lower end through hole of the push block 38 cooperates with the guide shaft 48, the push block 38 is slidably connected to the opening on the inclined end of the matching block 40, and the upper The side inclined end is in corresponding contact with the heat insulation plate 42, and a through hole 55 is provided on the heat insulation plate 42, and the through hole 55 is in corresponding contact with the telescopic block 35. The rotating shaft 51 passes through the partition 56 and enters the ventilation cavity 53 and is fixedly connected with the two baffles 52. The upper end of the rotating shaft 51 is sleeved with a torsion spring, which is fixedly arranged between the pulley 2 50 and the upper end of the operating cavity 47. The two baffles 52 are distributed at an obtuse angle. The ventilation cavity 53 is evenly provided with four ventilation holes 54 along the circumference. The front ventilation hole 54 is connected to the front ventilation pipe 45, the rear ventilation hole 54 is connected to the rear ventilation pipe 45, the left ventilation hole 54 is connected to the outside world, and the right ventilation hole 54 is connected to the intake pump, and the intake pump is installed at the right end of the connecting shell 41.

[0055] The working principle of the above technical solution is:

[0056] When the air intake pump is working, the outside air enters the ventilation cavity 53, and the air enters the front ventilation pipe 45 through the front ventilation hole 54, and then enters the temporary storage cavity in the front mounting shell 44 through the front ventilation pipe 45, and finally enters the front side of the cavity through the sliding port on the upper side of the front mounting shell 44 and the front ventilation port. The air on the rear side of the cavity enters the temporary storage cavity through the rear ventilation port and the sliding port on the upper side of the rear mounting shell 44, and the air in the temporary storage cavity enters the ventilation cavity 53 through the rear ventilation pipe 45 and the rear ventilation hole 54, and is finally discharged through the left ventilation hole 54. The setting of the two baffles 52 makes the right ventilation hole 54 and the front ventilation hole 54 connected through the ventilation cavity 53, and the left ventilation hole 54 and the rear ventilation hole 54 connected through the ventilation cavity 53.

[0057] When the air in the front of the cavity is working, it passes through the filter 34 before entering the air inlet pipe 57. Under the action of gas pressure, the filter 34 cannot move downward. After the air inlet pump stops working, if the dust on the filter 34 accumulates to a sufficient amount, the filter 34 drives the telescopic block 35 to move downward under the action of gravity. At this time, the inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel are closed, and the telescopic block 35 no longer blocks the through-hole 55. The telescopic block 35 drives the tilted block 1 36 to move downward. The telescopic block 35 is an elastic telescopic block. Under the action of elastic limitation, the telescopic block 35 cannot be extended. At this time, the tilted block 1 36 pushes the tilted block 2 37 to move backward, and the tilted block 2 37 drives the heat insulation board 42 to move backward. The heat insulation board 42 drives the matching block 40 to move upward. The matching block 40 drives the connecting plate 39 to move upward through the connecting shell 41. The spring The second 43 is compressed, and the heat insulation plate 42 contacts the push block 38 and squeezes the push block 38 to move downward. When the push block 38 moves downward, it drives the guide ball to move, and the guide ball slides along the spiral groove, driving the guide shaft 48 to rotate. When the guide shaft 48 rotates, it drives the pulley 1 to rotate, and the pulley 1 drives the pulley 2 50 to rotate through the conveyor belt 49, and the pulley 2 50 drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate, and the torsion spring is deformed. An angle sensor can be set on the rotating shaft 51, and valves can be set at the inlet and outlet of the heat dissipation channel. When the angle sensor detects the target angle of the rotating shaft 51, the angle sensor controls the valve to automatically open and close through the controller. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates, it drives the two baffles 52 to rotate, so that the right vent 54 and the rear vent 54 are connected through the vent cavity 53, and the left vent 54 and the front vent 54 are connected through the vent cavity 53;

[0058] When the air intake pump works again, the gas enters the rear side of the cavity through the rear vent hole 54, the rear vent pipe 45, the rear mounting shell 44 and the rear vent port, and then flows into the front side of the cavity through the through-hole 55. At this time, the gas passes through the filter 34 from top to bottom, blowing off the dust accumulated on the lower side of the filter 34. Finally, the dust-laden gas enters the ventilation cavity 53 through the front vent port, the front mounting shell 44, the front vent pipe 45 and the front vent hole 54, and is finally discharged through the vent hole 54 on the left, completing the automatic cleaning of the filter 34 without manual cleaning. It saves time and effort, and can also ensure the normal flow of gas in the heat dissipation channel, avoid the filter 34 from being blocked and affecting the normal flow of air, thereby ensuring the working stability of the laser head 8. After the filter 34 is cleaned, the air intake pump stops working, and under the elastic action of the spring 2 43 and the elastic action of the torsion spring, the heat insulation plate 42 pushes the filter 34 and the matching block 40 to return to their original position, and the rotating shaft 51 drives the baffle 52 to return to its original position and makes the push block 38 return to its original position. A gas treatment device, such as a filter, can be set at the air vent 54 on the left to collect the discharged dust and prevent dust from polluting the environment.

[0059] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A laser quenching device for the surface of a high-speed rail hook, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (2), a fixing fixture is installed on the front side of the upper end of the base (2), a moving mechanism is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base (2), the fixing fixture is used to fix the high-speed rail lock hook (1), a laser head (8) is correspondingly provided on the upper side of the high-speed rail lock hook (1), the laser head (8) is installed on the moving mechanism, the laser head (8) is electrically connected to the laser (20) through a signal line (9), a heat dissipation channel is provided on the side of the laser head (8), the inlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air inlet pipe (57), the outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the air outlet pipe (33), and the air inlet pipe (57) and the air outlet pipe (33) are connected to a heat dissipation device; The moving mechanism includes a linear motor (3), which is installed on the rear side of the upper end of the base (2), and the linear motor (3) is connected to a sliding block (1) in a sliding manner in the left-right direction, and the sliding block (1) is installed with a linear motor (4), and the linear motor (4) is connected to a sliding block (5) in a sliding manner in the front-back direction, and the sliding block (5) is installed with a linear motor (6), and the linear motor (6) is connected to a sliding block (7) in a sliding manner in the up-down direction, and the sliding block (7) is fixedly connected to the laser head (8); The fixing fixture includes support blocks (10) distributed front and back, the support block (10) is fixedly arranged on the front side of the upper end of the base (2), the upper end of the support block (10) is fixedly provided with an arc block (17), the arc block (17) is slidably connected to the arc slider (18), a fixed block 1 (14) is fixedly provided between the arc sliders (18) on the front and rear sides, the fixed block 1 (14) is fixedly connected to the motor 1 (15), the motor 1 (15) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft (16), and the motor shaft (16) is rotatably connected to the fixed block 1 (14); One end of the arc-shaped slider (18) away from each other is fixedly connected to the fixed block 2 (19), the fixed block 2 (19) is slidably connected to the sliding shaft (27), one end of the sliding shaft (27) is fixedly connected to the operating block (26), a spring 1 is fixedly provided between the operating block (26) and the fixed block 2 (19), a set of springs is provided on the sliding shaft (27), a side of the sliding shaft (27) away from the operating block (26) is fixedly connected to the gear 1 (29), the gear 1 (29) is correspondingly meshed with the arc-shaped rack (21), an arc-shaped groove 1 (28) is provided at one end of the arc-shaped block (17) away from each other, and the arc-shaped rack (21) is fixedly provided in the arc-shaped groove 1 (28); The motor shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the positioning block (11), the upper end of the positioning block (11) is provided with a positioning groove (22), the upper end of the positioning groove (22) is slidably provided with a positioning plate (12), and the positioning plate (12) is evenly spaced along the front-back direction. One end of the arc block (17) close to the positioning block (11) is provided with a sliding seat 1 (25) that slides in the up and down direction. The sliding seat 1 (25) is rotatably connected to the rotating rod (23) through the connecting shaft 1. The rotating rod (23) is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 2 (24) through the connecting shaft 2. The sliding seat 2 (24) is slidably connected to the arc groove 2 on the positioning block (11). The connecting shaft 1 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 1 (25). The connecting shaft 1 is slidably connected to the movable sleeve. The movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the gear 2 (30). The gear 2 (30) is correspondingly meshed with the rack (31). The rack (31) is fixedly provided at one end of the arc block (17) close to the positioning block (11).

2. The laser quenching device for the surface of a high-speed rail hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device includes a heat-insulating shell (32), a cavity is provided inside the heat-insulating shell (32), a heat-insulating plate (42) is fixedly provided in the middle of the cavity, the front right end of the cavity is communicated with the air inlet pipe (57), the rear left end of the cavity is communicated with the air outlet pipe (33), the front end of the heat-insulating plate (42) contacts the telescopic block (35), the telescopic block (35) is fixedly connected to the filter (34), the filter (34) is slidably connected to the front end of the cavity, the lower end of the telescopic block (35) is fixedly connected to the inclined block 1 (36), the inclined end of the inclined block 1 (36) is slidably connected to the inclined end of the inclined block 2 (37), and the inclined block 2 (37) is fixedly connected to the front end of the heat-insulating plate (42).

3. The laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed rail hook according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower inclined end of the heat insulation plate (42) is slidably connected to the inclined end of the matching block (40), the matching block (40) is slidably connected to the lower end of the heat preservation shell (32), the matching block (40) is fixedly connected to the connecting shell (41), the connecting shell (41) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (39), a plurality of springs (43) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides between the connecting plate (39) and the heat preservation shell (32), blocking blocks (46) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting plate (39), and ventilation pipes (45) are symmetrically provided on the front and rear ends of the connecting shell (41).

4. The laser quenching device for the surface of a high-speed rail hook according to claim 3, characterized in that: Ventilation holes are symmetrically provided on the front and rear sides of the lower end of the heat-insulating shell (32), and the vents are matched with the inclined ends of the blocking block (46). The blocking block (46) is slidably connected to the sliding holes at the upper and lower ends of the mounting shell (44). A temporary storage cavity is provided inside the mounting shell (44), and the sliding hole is communicated with the temporary storage cavity. The temporary storage cavity is communicated with the vent pipe (45). The sliding hole of the front mounting shell (44) is communicated with the front side of the cavity through the front vent, and the sliding hole of the rear mounting shell (44) is communicated with the rear side of the cavity through the rear vent. The mounting shell (44) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the heat-insulating shell (32).

5. The laser quenching processing device for the surface of a high-speed rail hook according to claim 3, characterized in that: An operating chamber (47) is provided at the upper end of the connecting shell (41), a ventilation chamber (53) is provided inside the connecting shell (41), a partition (56) is provided between the operating chamber (47) and the ventilation chamber (53), a rotating shaft (51) is provided in the middle of the partition (56), the rotating shaft (51) is fixedly connected to the second pulley (50), the second pulley (50) is connected to the first pulley through the conveyor belt (49), the first pulley is fixedly connected to the guide shaft (48), the guide shaft (48) is rotatably arranged on the rear side of the partition (56), a spiral groove is provided on the guide shaft (48), the spiral groove is slidably connected to the guide ball, the guide ball is rotatably connected to the lower end through hole of the push block (38), the lower end through hole of the push block (38) is matched with the guide shaft (48), the push block (38) is slidably connected to the opening on the inclined end of the matching block (40), and the upper end of the push block (38) is rotatably connected to the guide ball. The side inclined end contacts the heat insulation plate (42) correspondingly. The heat insulation plate (42) is provided with a through hole (55). The through hole (55) contacts the telescopic block (35) correspondingly. The rotating shaft (51) passes through the partition (56) and enters the ventilation cavity (53) and is fixedly connected to the two baffles (52). The upper end of the rotating shaft (51) is sleeved with a torsion spring, which is fixedly arranged between the second pulley (50) and the upper end of the operating cavity (47). The two baffles (52) are distributed at an obtuse angle. The ventilation cavity (53) is evenly distributed with four ventilation holes (54) along the circumference. The front ventilation hole (54) is connected to the front ventilation pipe (45), the rear ventilation hole (54) is connected to the rear ventilation pipe (45), the left ventilation hole (54) is connected to the outside, and the right ventilation hole (54) is connected to the intake pump. The intake pump is installed at the right end of the connecting shell (41).

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