Antistatic spandex white yarn and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an antistatic spandex white yarn and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding 3-10 parts of a white conductive filler and 1-5 parts of an ionic liquid antistatic agent into 80-90 parts of a polyurethane prepolymer, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion; 2-8 parts of a chain extender is added into the dispersion for a chain extension reaction, 0.5-2 parts of a hindered amine light stabilizer is added after the reaction is completed, and a spinning solution is formed; and carrying out dry spinning treatment on the spinning solution to obtain the antistatic spandex white yarn. According to the antistatic spandex white yarn and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention, the antistatic property and the mechanical property of the spandex white yarn are synergistically improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of polymer materials, and specifically relates to an antistatic spandex white yarn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Spandex (polyurethane elastic fiber) is widely used in the textile industry due to its high elasticity. However, its high insulating properties can easily lead to static electricity accumulation, which can attract dust, cause discomfort, and damage electronic components. This is especially true in applications such as medical surgical gowns and protective clothing for precision electronics workshops, where white fibers have both anti-static and aesthetic requirements.

[0003] Currently, the preparation methods for antistatic spandex mainly include surface coating with a conductive layer and blending with conductive fillers. The surface coating method involves applying an antistatic agent to the fiber surface, but the coating easily falls off due to friction or washing, making the antistatic properties difficult to maintain. The blending method involves adding conductive materials (such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxides) to the spinning solution. However, dark fillers like carbon black cause the fibers to appear black or gray, which cannot meet the fiber whiteness requirements and downstream dyeing requirements (white silk is easier to dye into multiple colors downstream and has wider applications). In addition, the conductive filler has poor compatibility with the spandex matrix, and uneven dispersion can disrupt the microphase separation structure of the polyurethane, reducing the mechanical properties of the spandex fiber.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a spandex fiber white yarn with both antistatic properties and excellent mechanical properties has become an urgent need in the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical effect to be achieved by this application is: to provide an antistatic spandex white yarn and a preparation method thereof, so as to achieve a synergistic improvement in the antistatic and mechanical properties of the spandex fiber white yarn.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present application provides an antistatic spandex white yarn, the raw materials for its preparation include the following components in parts by weight: Polyurethane prepolymer: 80-90 parts; White conductive filler: 3-10 parts, the white conductive filler includes at least one of titanium dioxide or silver-plated glass beads; Ionic liquid antistatic agent: 1-5 parts; Chain extender: 2-8 parts; Hindered amine light stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts.

[0007] As a preferred option, the particle size of the white conductive filler is 20-50 μm.

[0008] As a preferred option, the ionic liquid antistatic agent includes 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bistrifluoromethanesulfonyl imide or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate.

[0009] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present application provides a method for preparing the above antistatic spandex white yarn, comprising the following steps: 3-10 parts of white conductive filler and 1-5 parts of ionic liquid antistatic agent are added to 80-90 parts of polyurethane prepolymer and ultrasonically dispersed; 2-8 parts of chain extender are added to the dispersion to carry out chain extension reaction at 15-40° C., and after the reaction is completed, 0.5-2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer are added to form a spinning solution; the spinning solution is dry-spinned to obtain antistatic spandex white yarn.

[0010] As a preferred option, before adding 3-10 parts of white conductive filler and 1-5 parts of ionic liquid antistatic agent to 80-90 parts of polyurethane prepolymer for ultrasonic dispersion, the method further comprises: The polyether diol and diisocyanate are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1 to carry out a prepolymerization reaction to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer.

[0011] As a preferred option, the reaction temperature of the ultrasonic dispersion is 40-60°C, the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, and the power is 380W.

[0012] As a preferred option, the dry spinning process includes extruding the spinning solution through a spinneret, curing it at 220-260° C., stretching it 3-5 times, and then winding it to obtain antistatic spandex white yarn.

[0013] Preferably, the pore size of the spinneret is 0.3 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the stretching rate in the dry spinning process is 600-1100 m / min.

[0015] Preferably, the antistatic spandex white yarn has a fineness of 20-80D.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. The solution provided in this application uses titanium dioxide as a white conductive filler and works synergistically with an ionic liquid antistatic agent. Titanium dioxide itself has certain semiconductor properties and can form a conductive path. The ionic liquid improves the dispersibility of titanium dioxide, making it more evenly distributed in the spandex matrix, thereby improving the antistatic performance to a certain extent. At the same time, titanium dioxide itself also has a certain whitening effect. The two work together to achieve improved antistatic properties while maintaining the whiteness of the spandex fiber.

[0017] 2. The solution proposed in this application utilizes silver-coated glass microspheres as white conductive fillers. The highly reflective silver layer on their surface and the Mie scattering effect of their spherical structure significantly reduce light absorption loss, thereby significantly improving the fiber's brightness and meeting high whiteness requirements. Furthermore, the silver layer inhibits the photocatalytic oxidation of hydroxyl groups on the glass microspheres' surface, preventing whiteness degradation over long-term use. With the assistance of ionic liquids, the two synergistically form a more uniform conductive path, thereby enhancing antistatic properties while maintaining whiteness.

[0018] 3. The solution provided in this application forms a hierarchical conductive network through the synergistic effect of silver-plated glass microbeads, titanium dioxide, and ionic liquids. The silver-plated glass microbeads provide the main conductive path, titanium dioxide fills the gaps between the silver-plated microbeads, and Ag-O-Ti chemical bonds are formed between the hydroxyl groups on the TiO2 surface and the silver coating, which can reduce the interfacial contact resistance, build a more complete conductive network, and further improve the antistatic performance. The ionic liquid regulates the dispersion of the two fillers through hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds, and forms physical crosslinking points at room temperature to inhibit filler sedimentation and ensure uniform distribution of the filler. In addition, TiO2 and silver-plated microbeads form a gradient refractive structure, which allows light to undergo multiple refraction and reflection cycles within the material, increasing the total reflectivity, thereby achieving a synergistic improvement in the antistatic and mechanical properties of the spandex white yarn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only used as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] In addition, "part" in the following embodiment means a mass part.

[0021] Example 1 S1: 80 parts of tetrahydrofuran homopolyether PTMG2000 and 20 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI are mixed for prepolymerization to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; S2: 5 parts of TiO2 with a particle size of 20 μm and 3 parts of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ionic liquid were added to 85 parts of polyurethane prepolymer and ultrasonically dispersed at 50°C for 30 minutes; the ultrasonic frequency was 40 kHz and the power was 380 W; S3: Add 5 parts of ethylenediamine as a chain extender to the dispersion and stir at 15°C for 1 hour to carry out a chain extension reaction. After the reaction is completed, add 2 parts of benzotriazole / hindered amine free radical scavenger to form a spinning solution; S4: The spinning solution was extruded through a spinneret with a pore size of 0.3 mm, solidified at 230° C., stretched 4 times at a stretching rate of 700 m / min, and then wound to obtain antistatic spandex white yarn with a fineness of 40D.

[0022] Examples 2-4 The difference between Examples 2 to 4 and Example 1 lies in the amount of added substances and process control in each step. Other aspects are the same as Example 1. The control parameters of each step of Examples 1 to 4 are detailed in Table 1.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in step 2, Comparative Example 1 does not contain a conductive filler, and a white conductive pigment is used to coat the conventional spandex white yarn prepared in step 4. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0024] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that in step 2, only 5 parts of TiO2 are added, and no ionic liquid is added. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0025] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 is that the particle size of the white conductive filler added in step 2 of Comparative Example 3 is 80 μm, and the rest is the same as Example 4.

[0026] Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 4 is that the particle size of the white conductive filler added in step 2 of Comparative Example 4 is 0.8 μm, and the rest is the same as Example 4.

[0027] The control parameters of each step of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are detailed in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1 Parameter configuration of each step of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 The antistatic performance of the antistatic spandex white yarns prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples was tested according to GB / T 12703.4-2010 "Evaluation of Electrostatic Properties of Textiles", and their surface resistivity was measured. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the antistatic spandex white yarns were tested according to GB / T 3923.1-2013 "Tensile Properties of Textile Fabrics". Specific performance indicators are shown in Table 2.

[0029] Table 2 Performance indicators of antistatic spandex white yarns prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 Experimental conclusion: The surface resistivities of Examples 1-4 were significantly lower than those of Comparative Examples 1-2, demonstrating that the addition of white conductive filler and ionic liquid antistatic agent effectively reduced the surface resistivity of the spandex fiber. Example 4 had the lowest surface resistivity, approximately two orders of magnitude lower than Example 1, indicating that the synergistic effect of silver-coated glass microspheres and TiO2 significantly improved the continuity of the conductive path. The surface resistivity of Comparative Example 2 was significantly higher than that of Example 1, confirming the importance of ionic liquid for conductive network formation and filler dispersion.

[0030] The breaking strength and elongation at break of Examples 1-4 are comparable to those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, or even slightly higher. This demonstrates that while improving antistatic performance, the present invention does not significantly negatively impact the mechanical properties of the spandex white yarn, achieving a synergistic improvement in both antistatic and mechanical properties. This is presumably because the coordinated dispersion of silver-coated glass microspheres and TiO2 does not disrupt the polyurethane microphase separation structure, but rather enhances fiber strength through physical crosslinking of the filler.

[0031] Comparative Examples 3 and 4 demonstrate that the particle size of the white conductive filler has a significant impact on the spinning process. Particles that are too large (80 μm) can easily clog the spinneret, resulting in spinning failures; particles that are too small (0.8 μm) can easily agglomerate, also preventing spinning. The particle sizes (20-50 μm) used in Examples 1-4 ensure smooth spinning.

[0032] This invention innovatively constructs a composite system consisting of titanium dioxide, silver-coated glass microspheres, and functionalized ionic liquids, significantly improving the overall performance of the material through the synergistic effect between the components. Titanium dioxide (particle size 20-50 μm) acts as a photocatalytic component, exhibiting excellent charge separation capabilities in the visible light region; silver-coated glass microspheres (particle size 20-50 μm) construct a three-dimensional conductive network to achieve rapid dissipation of static electricity; and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ionic liquid enhances the system's ionic conductivity through interfacial polarization. The synergistic effect of the three in the spandex matrix reduces the material's surface resistivity to 10 9 The system not only meets the requirements of high-speed spinning (spinning speed ≥ 800 m / min), but also enables the selective dyeing of the resulting white spandex in downstream processes. This system successfully addresses the challenges of selective dyeing of spandex products in textile processing and the problem of static electricity accumulation in end-use applications, providing an innovative solution for the development of multifunctional composite spandex fiber materials.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antistatic spandex white yarn, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials include the following components in parts by weight: Polyurethane prepolymer: 80-90 parts; White conductive filler: 3-10 parts, the white conductive filler includes at least one of titanium dioxide or silver-plated glass beads; Ionic liquid antistatic agent: 1-5 parts; Chain extender: 2-8 parts; Hindered amine light stabilizer: 0.5-2 parts.

2. The antistatic spandex white yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the white conductive filler is 20-50 μm.

3. The antistatic spandex white yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ionic liquid antistatic agent includes 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bistrifluoromethanesulfonyl imide salt or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate.

4. A method for preparing the antistatic spandex white yarn according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Add 3-10 parts of white conductive filler and 1-5 parts of ionic liquid antistatic agent to 80-90 parts of polyurethane prepolymer and disperse them by ultrasonication; Add 2-8 parts of chain extender to the dispersion and carry out chain extension reaction at 15-40°C. After the reaction is completed, add 0.5-2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer to form a spinning solution; The spinning solution is subjected to dry spinning treatment to obtain antistatic spandex white yarn.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein Before adding 3-10 parts of white conductive filler and 1-5 parts of ionic liquid antistatic agent to 80-90 parts of polyurethane prepolymer for ultrasonic dispersion, the method further comprises: The polyether diol and diisocyanate are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1 to carry out a prepolymerization reaction to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The reaction temperature of the ultrasonic dispersion is 40-60° C., the ultrasonic frequency is 40 kHz, and the power is 380 W.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The dry spinning process comprises the following steps: extruding the spinning solution through a spinneret, curing the solution at 220-260° C., stretching the solution 3-5 times, and then winding the solution to obtain antistatic spandex white yarn.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein The pore size of the spinneret is 0.3 mm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein The stretching rate in the dry spinning process is 600-1100 m / min.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The fineness of the antistatic spandex white yarn is 20-80D.

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