Molding detection device and method for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand mold casting

Abstract

The invention discloses a group detection device and method for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand mold casting, and belongs to the technical field of casting. The invention aims to solve the problem that the casting size precision is low in the current aluminum and magnesium alloy sand mold casting and assembling process. The group type detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand mold casting comprises a tracking type three-dimensional laser scanner, a mechanical arm, a computer, a detection table and a casting mold to be detected. According to the method, the structural information of complex shapes in the casting mold can be completely obtained, including parts, such as an internal cavity, a special-shaped curved surface, a deep cavity and an oil way, which are difficult to measure by a traditional measuring tool, measurement dead angles are avoided, so that complete and comprehensive casting mold three-dimensional data are obtained, and then a scanning result of a three-dimensional laser scanner is compared with a design model for analysis; the method can quickly and accurately judge the dimensional deviation, the shape error and the like of the sand mold, can improve the dimensional precision of the casting formed by casting magnesium and aluminum alloy, and provides a basis for quality evaluation and improvement of the casting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and in particular relates to a mold assembly detection device and method for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting. Background Art

[0002] Magnesium and aluminum alloys, with their advantages of low density, high specific strength, and excellent thermal conductivity, are widely used in critical components in the aerospace and defense industries, such as helicopter transmission cases, aircraft engine accessory cases, missile hulls, and satellite mounts. Within the foundry industry, sand casting is the primary method for forming complex aerospace castings. However, sand castings have limitations in dimensional accuracy, significantly restricting their application in high-precision parts. The dimensional accuracy of magnesium and aluminum alloy sand castings currently reaches CT9-11. Improving the dimensional accuracy of sand castings not only allows products to better meet assembly requirements, enhance product quality and performance, and better withstand external forces, but also allows products to more closely resemble the final product form, reducing subsequent processing steps. This makes precision molding more in line with future product development trends. Currently, efforts to improve casting dimensional accuracy primarily focus on enhancing core preparation and assembly accuracy. Core preparation accuracy, currently limited to ±0.2-±0.8 mm under current technology, is difficult to achieve. Assembly accuracy is currently primarily ensured through templates (a measuring tool for key dimensions), leaving significant room for improvement.

[0003] Although template measurement has improved the dimensional accuracy of castings, errors in the preparation and use of templates are still inevitable, and there are certain limitations. Factors such as processing accuracy and material deformation when making templates will cause deviations between the template size and design requirements, and this deviation is not easy to detect; the template will wear during use, and the worn template cannot accurately reflect the original design dimensions. This deviation will be transmitted to the sand mold during the molding process, affecting the final dimensional accuracy. Although the templates are inspected regularly, the inspection cycle is too long, which is prone to erroneous copying and dimensional problems will be repeated. At the same time, the template lacks a certain degree of versatility and can only guarantee the dimensions of fixed positions. As the variety of products continues to increase, the number of templates will increase, and the cost of producing templates and the cost of regular inspections will increase.

[0004] At the same time, the template lacks flexibility and is usually designed and manufactured according to specific sizes and shapes. For sand molds with complex shapes, irregular surfaces or fine internal structures, the template cannot completely and accurately fit and replicate these complex features. Once there is a design change, the template may face remaking or modification, which will cost a lot of time and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technical methods, the present invention provides a mold assembly detection device and method for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting, so as to solve the problem of low casting mold dimensional accuracy in the current aluminum and magnesium alloy sand casting assembly process, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy of magnesium and aluminum alloy sand castings.

[0006] The present invention provides a mold detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting, comprising a tracking three-dimensional laser scanner, a robotic arm, a computer, a detection platform, and a mold to be detected; the tracking three-dimensional laser scanner comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner and an optical tracker; the three-dimensional laser scanner is mounted on the robotic arm, and the mold to be detected is placed on the detection platform; the three-dimensional laser scanner is connected to a hub via a scanner power supply data line, the optical tracker is connected to the hub via a tracker power supply data line, and the hub is connected to a computer via a data transmission line; and the hub is connected to an external power supply via a power line.

[0007] The present invention uses the above-mentioned magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device to perform mold detection, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1. Preparation: Prepare the pre-assembled sand mold and multiple sand cores, and turn on the device;

[0009] 2. Calibration: Place the calibration rod within the tracker's field of view and move it according to the software prompts to calibrate.

[0010] 3. Grouping and 3D digital model input: Divide the sand molds and sand cores into multiple groups. When grouping, ensure that the vertical projections of all sand cores in the same group do not overlap after the sand molds and sand cores are combined. Combine the 3D digital models of each group of sand molds and sand cores according to the grouping and input them into the computer for data processing and analysis in the subsequent testing process.

[0011] 4. Input of movement program: According to the grouping of sand molds and sand cores, set the movement program of the robot arm during the precision detection process in the robot arm control system;

[0012] 5. Benchmark Establishment: Combine the sprue box and the bottom box that forms the casting structure in sequence and place them on the inspection table. Use a 3D laser scanner to collect structural data of the part where the bottom box forms the casting structure. After the data is collected, fit the structural data and use the position and structure of the bottom box as the benchmark.

[0013] 6. Combination: According to the combination position of sand mold and sand core, place the first group of sand cores in the bottom box to obtain the combined core;

[0014] 7. Scanning detection: Use a 3D laser scanner to scan and collect data on the combined core;

[0015] Scanning data collection includes overall rough scanning detection data collection and local fine scanning detection data collection;

[0016] When collecting the overall rough scan detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 20-40 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 10-15 cm / s; the object of the overall rough scan detection data collection is the overall structure of the modular core;

[0017] When collecting the local fine scanning detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 10-20 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 5-10 cm / s; the object of the local fine scanning detection data collection is the internal details of the modular core;

[0018] 8. Data processing and analysis: After the scan is completed, the collected data is modeled and fitted using data processing software, and compared with the 3D digital model input in step 3 to analyze the dimensional deviation of the assembled core and identify the locations where the dimensional deviation exceeds the limit value range;

[0019] 9. Core Position Adjustment: Based on the data analysis results in step 8, the core positions of the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range are adjusted and reassembled. After reassembly, the positions are re-scanned for local precision inspection until there are no positions in the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range.

[0020] The core position adjustment is mainly carried out by trimming the core head size of the sand core, adjusting the sand core position and placement angle, and then fine-tuning the position of the combined core where the deviation exceeds the limit value range;

[0021] 10. Repeat steps 6 to 9 to complete the assembly, testing and core position adjustment of the remaining sets of sand molds and sand cores.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention can fully obtain the structural information of complex shapes in castings, including internal cavities, special-shaped curved surfaces, deep cavities, oil circuits and other parts that are difficult to measure with traditional measuring tools, avoiding measurement blind spots, and thus obtaining complete and comprehensive three-dimensional data of castings.

[0024] 2. The present invention utilizes the advantage of 3D laser scanners to provide high-resolution point cloud data with high measurement accuracy, which can accurately reflect the actual size and shape of sand molds and sand cores, and provide reliable data support for subsequent quality inspection, processing allowance analysis, etc.

[0025] 3. The present invention completes the scanning of sand molds in a short time, shortens the detection time of traditional measuring tools, and significantly improves the efficiency of mold assembly detection during batch production of magnesium and aluminum alloy sand castings; at the same time, it reduces the workload of manual operation and reduces the influence of human factors on measurement results.

[0026] 4. The present invention converts the scanned point cloud data into a three-dimensional digital model through software, intuitively displaying information such as the shape, structure and size of the sand mold, so that the operator can clearly understand the condition of the sand mold, and through operations such as rotation, scaling and cutting of the three-dimensional digital model, it is convenient to view the internal structure of the cavity with a high degree of visualization.

[0027] 5. The present invention uses the scanning results of the three-dimensional laser scanner to compare and analyze with the design model, which can quickly and accurately determine the dimensional deviation and shape error of the sand mold, improve the dimensional accuracy of the castings after magnesium and aluminum alloy casting, and provide a basis for the quality evaluation and improvement of the castings.

[0028] 6. The sand mold data and comparison results obtained by scanning in the present invention can be stored in the form of electronic files, which is convenient for data management and query; once a dimensional problem occurs in the casting, it has extremely strong traceability, which is conducive to analysis, subsequent improvement and resource data sharing.

[0029] 7. Traditional measurement methods mainly use special templates for detection. For sand casting products with large output and many types, the production, storage and maintenance of templates cause serious waste of resources and high costs. The present invention uses scanning to detect and effectively avoid waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the mold detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a photo of the scanned data of the core obtained in step eight of Example 1 before adjustment;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a photo of the scanned data of the core obtained in step nine of Example 1 after adjustment;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a photo of the scanned data of the core obtained in step eight of Example 2 before adjustment;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a photo of the scanned data of the core obtained in step nine of Example 2 after adjustment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific implementation methods.

[0036] Specific embodiment 1: In this embodiment, the mold detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting includes a tracking three-dimensional laser scanner, a mechanical arm (5), a computer (9), a detection table (10) and a mold to be detected (11); the tracking three-dimensional laser scanner includes a three-dimensional laser scanner (1) and an optical tracker (2); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is installed on the mechanical arm (5), and the mold to be detected (11) is placed on the detection table (10); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is connected to the hub (6) through the scanner power supply data line (3), the optical tracker (2) is connected to the hub (6) through the tracker power supply data line (4), and the hub (6) is connected to the computer (9) through the data transmission line (7); the hub (6) is connected to the external power supply through the power line (8);

[0037] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. This embodiment can fully obtain the structural information of complex shapes in the casting, including internal cavities, special-shaped curved surfaces, deep cavities, oil circuits and other parts that are difficult to measure with traditional measurement tools, avoiding measurement blind spots, and thus obtaining complete and comprehensive three-dimensional data of the casting.

[0039] 2. This embodiment utilizes the advantage of the 3D laser scanner to provide high-resolution point cloud data with high measurement accuracy, which can accurately reflect the actual size and shape of the sand mold and sand core, and provide reliable data support for subsequent quality inspection, processing allowance analysis, etc.

[0040] 3. This embodiment completes the scanning of the sand mold in a short time, shortening the detection time of traditional measuring tools and significantly improving the efficiency of mold assembly detection during mass production of magnesium and aluminum alloy sand castings; at the same time, it reduces the workload of manual operation and reduces the impact of human factors on the measurement results.

[0041] 4. This embodiment converts the scanned point cloud data into a three-dimensional digital model through software, intuitively displaying information such as the shape, structure, and size of the sand mold, so that the operator can clearly understand the condition of the sand mold. In addition, by rotating, scaling, and cutting the three-dimensional digital model, the internal structure of the cavity can be easily viewed with a high degree of visualization.

[0042] 5. This embodiment uses the scanning results of the three-dimensional laser scanner to compare and analyze with the design model, which can quickly and accurately determine the size deviation and shape error of the sand mold, improve the dimensional accuracy of the castings after magnesium and aluminum alloy casting, and provide a basis for the quality evaluation and improvement of the castings.

[0043] 6. The sand mold data and comparison results scanned in this embodiment can be stored in the form of electronic files, which is convenient for data management and query. Once a dimensional problem occurs in a casting, it has strong traceability, which is conducive to analysis, subsequent improvement and resource data sharing.

[0044] 7. Traditional measurement methods mainly use special templates for detection. For sand casting products with large output and many types, the production, storage and maintenance of templates cause serious waste of resources and high costs. This implementation method uses scanning to detect, which can effectively avoid waste of resources.

[0045] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the laser type of the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is 38 to 50 beams of crossed blue laser lines, the accuracy is 0.023 to 0.025 mm, the scanning speed is 2,600,000 to 3,680,000 measurements / second, and the scanning depth of field is 400 mm.

[0046] Specific embodiment three: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments one or two in that: the optical tracker (2) is mounted on a tripod (12), and the tripod (12) is fixed to the ground and remains stationary; the tracker (2) is set at a height higher than the detection platform (10) and maintains a fixed distance of 1 to 2.5 meters from the detection platform (10).

[0047] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from the specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the robotic arm (5) is an articulated electric driven robotic arm with a turntable accuracy of 0.05 o , the maximum moving speed of the manipulator arranged in front of the manipulator (5) is 500~2000mm / s.

[0048] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that: the casting mold (11) to be inspected is composed of a sand mold and a plurality of sand cores.

[0049] Specific embodiment six: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment five in that the casting mold (11) to be tested is prepared by aluminum mold molding or 3D printing, and the accuracy of the sand mold and sand core reaches ±0.3mm.

[0050] Specific embodiment seven: This embodiment uses a magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device to perform a mold detection method, which is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0051] 1. Preparation: Prepare the pre-assembled sand mold and multiple sand cores, and turn on the device;

[0052] 2. Calibration: Place the calibration rod within the tracker's field of view and move it according to the software prompts to calibrate.

[0053] 3. Grouping and 3D digital model input: Divide the sand molds and sand cores into multiple groups. When grouping, ensure that the vertical projections of all sand cores in the same group do not overlap after the sand molds and sand cores are combined. Combine the 3D digital models of each group of sand molds and sand cores according to the grouping and input them into the computer for data processing and analysis in the subsequent testing process.

[0054] 4. Input of movement program: According to the grouping of sand molds and sand cores, set the movement program of the robot arm during the precision detection process in the robot arm control system;

[0055] 5. Benchmark Establishment: Combine the sprue box and the bottom box that forms the casting structure in sequence and place them on the inspection table. Use a 3D laser scanner to collect structural data of the part where the bottom box forms the casting structure. After the data is collected, fit the structural data and use the position and structure of the bottom box as the benchmark.

[0056] 6. Combination: According to the combination position of sand mold and sand core, place the first group of sand cores in the bottom box to obtain the combined core;

[0057] 7. Scanning detection: Use a 3D laser scanner to scan and collect data on the combined core;

[0058] Scanning data collection includes overall rough scanning detection data collection and local fine scanning detection data collection;

[0059] When collecting the overall rough scan detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 20-40 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 10-15 cm / s; the object of the overall rough scan detection data collection is the overall structure of the modular core;

[0060] When collecting the local fine scanning detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 10-20 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 5-10 cm / s; the object of the local fine scanning detection data collection is the internal details of the modular core;

[0061] 8. Data processing and analysis: After the scan is completed, the collected data is modeled and fitted using data processing software, and compared with the 3D digital model input in step 3 to analyze the dimensional deviation of the assembled core and identify the locations where the dimensional deviation exceeds the limit value range;

[0062] 9. Core Position Adjustment: Based on the data analysis results in step 8, the core positions of the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range are adjusted and reassembled. After reassembly, the positions are re-scanned for local precision inspection until there are no positions in the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range.

[0063] The core position adjustment is mainly carried out by trimming the core head size of the sand core, adjusting the sand core position and placement angle, and then fine-tuning the position of the combined core where the deviation exceeds the limit value range;

[0064] 10. Repeat steps 6 to 9 to complete the assembly, testing and core position adjustment of the remaining sets of sand molds and sand cores.

[0065] 1. This embodiment can fully obtain the structural information of complex shapes in the casting, including internal cavities, special-shaped curved surfaces, deep cavities, oil circuits and other parts that are difficult to measure with traditional measurement tools, avoiding measurement blind spots, and thus obtaining complete and comprehensive three-dimensional data of the casting.

[0066] 2. This embodiment utilizes the advantage of the 3D laser scanner to provide high-resolution point cloud data with high measurement accuracy, which can accurately reflect the actual size and shape of the sand mold and sand core, and provide reliable data support for subsequent quality inspection, processing allowance analysis, etc.

[0067] 3. This embodiment completes the scanning of the sand mold in a short time, shortening the detection time of traditional measuring tools and significantly improving the efficiency of mold assembly detection during mass production of magnesium and aluminum alloy sand castings; at the same time, it reduces the workload of manual operation and reduces the impact of human factors on the measurement results.

[0068] 4. This embodiment converts the scanned point cloud data into a three-dimensional digital model through software, intuitively displaying information such as the shape, structure, and size of the sand mold, so that the operator can clearly understand the condition of the sand mold. In addition, by rotating, scaling, and cutting the three-dimensional digital model, the internal structure of the cavity can be easily viewed with a high degree of visualization.

[0069] 5. This embodiment uses the scanning results of the three-dimensional laser scanner to compare and analyze with the design model, which can quickly and accurately determine the size deviation and shape error of the sand mold, improve the dimensional accuracy of the castings after magnesium and aluminum alloy casting, and provide a basis for the quality evaluation and improvement of the castings.

[0070] 6. The sand mold data and comparison results scanned in this embodiment can be stored in the form of electronic files, which is convenient for data management and query. Once a dimensional problem occurs in a casting, it has strong traceability, which is conducive to analysis, subsequent improvement and resource data sharing.

[0071] 7. Traditional measurement methods mainly use special templates for detection. For sand casting products with large output and many types, the production, storage and maintenance of templates cause serious waste of resources and high costs. This implementation method uses scanning to detect, which can effectively avoid waste of resources.

[0072] Specific embodiment eight: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment seven in that the three-dimensional digital model of the sand mold and sand core after the combination in step three is a .stl format file.

[0073] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 7 in that: the movement program in step 4 includes a movement path and a movement speed.

[0074] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment seven in that the limit value range in step eight is ±0.2 mm.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] This embodiment provides a magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device and method, combined with Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the group detection device includes a tracking three-dimensional laser scanner, a robotic arm (5), a computer (9), a detection table (10) and a mold to be detected (11); the tracking three-dimensional laser scanner includes a three-dimensional laser scanner (1) and an optical tracker (2); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is installed on the robotic arm (5), and the mold to be detected (11) is placed on the detection table (10); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is connected to the hub (6) through a scanner power supply data line (3), the optical tracker (2) is connected to the hub (6) through a tracker power supply data line (4), and the hub (6) is connected to the computer (9) through a data transmission line (7); the hub (6) is connected to an external power supply through a power line (8);

[0077] The laser type of the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is 42 cross-beam blue laser lines, the accuracy is 0.025mm, the scanning speed is 2600000 measurements / second, and the scanning depth of field is 400mm;

[0078] The optical tracker (2) is mounted on a tripod (12), which is fixed to the ground and remains stationary; the tracker (2) is set at a height higher than the detection platform (10) and maintains a fixed distance of 2m from the detection platform (10);

[0079] The robotic arm (5) is an articulated electric driven robotic arm with a turntable accuracy of 0.05 o , the maximum moving speed of the manipulator arranged in front of the manipulator (5) is 1000 mm / s;

[0080] The casting mold (11) to be tested is composed of a sand mold and a plurality of sand cores. The casting mold (11) to be tested is prepared by aluminum mold molding or 3D printing, and the accuracy of the sand mold and the sand core reaches ±0.3mm;

[0081] This embodiment uses the above-mentioned magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device to perform a mold detection method, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0082] 1. Preparation: Prepare the pre-assembled sand mold and multiple sand cores, and turn on the device; turn on the mold detection device switch and run the software; make sure there are no reflective objects around the detection table to avoid direct strong light, backlight, reflection and other lighting problems;

[0083] 2. Calibration: Place the calibration rod within the tracker's field of view and move it according to the software prompts to calibrate.

[0084] 3. Grouping and 3D digital model input: Divide the sand molds and sand cores into multiple groups. When grouping, ensure that the vertical projections of all sand cores in the same group do not overlap after the sand molds and sand cores are combined. Combine the 3D digital models of each group of sand molds and sand cores according to the grouping and input them into the computer for use in data analysis during subsequent testing. The 3D digital models of the combined sand molds and sand cores are stored in .stl format.

[0085] 4. Input of movement program: According to the grouping of sand molds and sand cores, the movement program of the robot arm during the precision detection process is set in the robot arm control system; the movement program includes the movement path and movement speed;

[0086] 5. Benchmark establishment: Combine the sprue box and the bottom box that forms the casting structure in sequence and place them on the test table. The test table surface must be stable and flat to ensure that the sand mold does not move or shake. Use a 3D laser scanner to collect structural data of the part where the bottom box forms the casting structure. After the collection is completed, fit the structural data and use the position and structure of the bottom box as the benchmark.

[0087] 6. Combination: According to the combination position of sand mold and sand core, place the first group of sand cores in the bottom box to obtain the combined core;

[0088] 7. Scanning detection: Use a 3D laser scanner to scan and collect data on the combined core;

[0089] Scanning data collection includes overall rough scanning detection data collection and local fine scanning detection data collection;

[0090] When collecting the overall rough scan detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 20-25 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 10 cm / s; the object of the overall rough scan detection data collection is the overall structure of the modular core;

[0091] When collecting data for the local precision scanning test, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 15-20 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 5 cm / s. The objects of the local precision scanning test data collection are the internal details of the modular core, such as the cores with complex shapes or hidden parts such as the pipeline core and the inner cavity core.

[0092] 8. Data Processing and Analysis: After scanning, the collected data is modeled and fitted using data processing software and compared with the 3D digital model input in step 3. The dimensional deviation of the assembled core is analyzed, and the locations where the dimensional deviation exceeds the limit value range of ±0.2 mm are identified.

[0093] 9. Core Position Adjustment: Based on the data analysis results in step 8, the core positions of the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range are adjusted and reassembled. After reassembly, the positions are re-scanned for local precision inspection until there are no positions in the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range.

[0094] The core position adjustment is mainly carried out by trimming the core head size of the sand core, adjusting the sand core position and placement angle, and then fine-tuning the position of the combined core where the deviation exceeds the limit value range;

[0095] 10. Repeat steps 6 to 9 to complete the assembly, testing and core position adjustment of the remaining sets of sand molds and sand cores.

[0096] The scanning data of the combined core before and after adjustment corresponding to step eight and step nine of this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 . Figure 2 The red area in the middle is the location where the pipe core is seriously out of tolerance after assembly. In step nine, the position of the pipe core needs to be adjusted locally. Figure 3 The scanning results show that after the pipeline core position adjustment in step nine, the pipeline core position deviation size is within the limit value range.

[0097] The magnesium alloy sand castings obtained by counter-gravity casting using the mold assembled in this embodiment were subjected to laser scanning dimensional inspection. The inspection results showed that their dimensional accuracy reached CT7-8 levels, and the maximum dimensional deviation did not exceed ±0.5 mm.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] The difference between the forming device of this embodiment and that of embodiment 1 is that the laser type of the three-dimensional laser scanner is 50 cross-blue laser lines, the accuracy is 0.023 mm, and the scanning speed is 3,680,000 measurements / second.

[0100] The difference between the molding method of this embodiment and that of embodiment 1 is that: in step seven, when collecting overall rough scanning detection data, the distance between the scanner and the combined core is controlled at 25~30cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 15cm / s; when collecting local fine scanning detection data, the distance between the scanner and the combined core is controlled at 15~20cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 8cm / s.

[0101] The scanning data of the combined core before and after adjustment corresponding to step eight and step nine of this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 4 and Figure 5 . Figure 4 The red area pointed by the middle arrow is the location where the pipe core is seriously out of tolerance after assembly. In step nine, the position of the pipe core needs to be adjusted locally. Figure 5 The scanning results show that after the pipeline core position adjustment in step nine, the pipeline core position deviation size is within the limit value range.

[0102] The assembled casting mold obtained by the molding device and method of this embodiment is used for counter-gravity casting of magnesium alloy. The obtained magnesium alloy sand casting is subjected to laser scanning dimensional detection. The detection results show that its dimensional accuracy reaches CT7~8 level, and the maximum dimensional deviation does not exceed ±0.5mm.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] This comparative example uses traditional templates, ball gauges and other measuring tools to detect the dimensions of the combined cores during the assembly process. The combined casting mold obtained by this comparative example is used for counter-gravity casting of magnesium alloy. The resulting magnesium alloy sand casting is subjected to laser scanning dimensional detection. The test results show that its dimensional accuracy reaches CT9~10 level, and the maximum dimensional deviation exceeds ±2mm.

Claims

1. A magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device, characterized by: A mold detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting comprises a tracking three-dimensional laser scanner, a mechanical arm (5), a computer (9), a detection table (10), and a mold to be detected (11); the tracking three-dimensional laser scanner comprises a three-dimensional laser scanner (1) and an optical tracker (2); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is mounted on the mechanical arm (5), and the mold to be detected (11) is placed on the detection table (10); the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is connected to a hub (6) via a scanner power supply data line (3), the optical tracker (2) is connected to the hub (6) via a tracker power supply data line (4), and the hub (6) is connected to the computer (9) via a data transmission line (7); the hub (6) is connected to an external power supply via a power line (8).

2. The magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser type of the three-dimensional laser scanner (1) is 38 to 50 cross-blue laser lines, the accuracy is 0.023 to 0.025 mm, the scanning speed is 2,600,000 to 3,680,000 measurements / second, and the scanning depth of field is 400 mm.

3. The magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical tracker (2) is mounted on a tripod (12), which is fixed to the ground and remains stationary. The tracker (2) is set at a height higher than the detection platform (10) and maintains a fixed distance of 1 to 2.5 meters from the detection platform (10).

4. The magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The robotic arm (5) is an articulated electric driven robotic arm with a turntable accuracy of 0.05 o , the maximum moving speed of the manipulator arranged in front of the manipulator (5) is 500~2000mm / s.

5. The magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting mold (11) to be tested is composed of a sand mold and a plurality of sand cores.

6. The magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting mold detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The casting mold (11) to be tested is prepared by aluminum mold molding or 3D printing, and the accuracy of the sand mold and sand core reaches ±0.3mm.

7. A method for performing group detection using the group detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method proceeds as follows:

1. Preparation: Prepare the pre-assembled sand mold and multiple sand cores, and turn on the device; 2. Calibration: Place the calibration rod within the tracker's field of view and move it according to the software prompts to calibrate.

3. Grouping and 3D digital model input: Divide the sand molds and sand cores into multiple groups. When grouping, ensure that the vertical projections of all sand cores in the same group do not overlap after the sand molds and sand cores are combined. Combine the 3D digital models of each group of sand molds and sand cores according to the grouping and input them into the computer for data processing and analysis in the subsequent testing process.

4. Input of movement program: According to the grouping of sand molds and sand cores, set the movement program of the robot arm during the precision detection process in the robot arm control system; 5. Benchmark establishment: Combine the runner box and the bottom box that forms the casting structure in sequence and place them on the plane of the inspection table. Use a 3D laser scanner to collect structural data of the part where the bottom box forms the casting structure. After the acquisition is completed, the structural data is fitted, and the position and structure of the bottom box are used as the benchmark; 6. Combination: According to the combination position of sand mold and sand core, place the first group of sand cores in the bottom box to obtain the combined core; 7. Scanning detection: Use a 3D laser scanner to scan and collect data on the combined core; Scanning data collection includes overall rough scanning detection data collection and local fine scanning detection data collection; When collecting data for the overall rough scan test, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 20-40 cm, and the scanning speed is controlled at 10-15 cm / s; The object of data collection for overall rough scanning inspection is the overall structure of the combined core; When collecting the local fine scanning detection data, the distance between the scanner and the modular core is controlled at 10-20 cm, and the scanning movement speed is controlled at 5-10 cm / s; the object of the local fine scanning detection data collection is the internal details of the modular core; 8. Data processing and analysis: After the scan is completed, the collected data is modeled and fitted using data processing software, and compared with the 3D digital model input in step 3 to analyze the dimensional deviation of the assembled core and identify the locations where the dimensional deviation exceeds the limit value range; 9. Core Position Adjustment: Based on the data analysis results in step 8, the core positions of the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range are adjusted and reassembled. After reassembly, the positions are re-scanned for local precision inspection until there are no positions in the assembled cores where the deviations exceed the limit range. The core position adjustment is mainly to adjust the core head size of the sand core, adjust the sand core position and placement angle, and then fine-tune the position of the combined core where the deviation exceeds the limit value range; 10. Repeat steps 6 to 9 to complete the assembly, testing and core position adjustment of the remaining sets of sand molds and sand cores.

8. The method for performing group detection using a group detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The three-dimensional digital model of the sand mold and sand core after step 3 is a .stl format file.

9. The method for performing group detection using a group detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The moving program in step 4 includes a moving path and a moving speed.

10. The method for performing group detection using a group detection device for magnesium and aluminum alloy sand casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limit value range described in step eight is ±0.2mm.

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