Device and method for detecting space angle of mechanical part

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanical part space angle detection device, the mechanical part comprises a fastener, the device comprises a clamp body, the clamp body is provided with a sliding groove and an upper surface, the upper surface is provided with scale marks and a center hole, and the center hole is communicated with the sliding groove; the positioning shaft is mounted in the sliding groove, and the positioning shaft is a shaft selected based on the fastener; the positioning shaft is close to the upper surface; wherein the fastening piece can be screwed into the center hole and is matched with the polished rod of the positioning shaft to reach a complete termination state, and at the moment, the scale pointed by a head groove of the fastening piece is a space angle; meanwhile, the invention further provides a mechanical part space angle detection method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical parts spatial angle detection, and in particular relates to a mechanical parts spatial angle detection device and method. Background Art

[0002] Fasteners are key components for securing mechanical parts and are used in a wide range of applications. They ensure the stability and reliability of mechanical structures and play an indispensable role in the assembly of various types of mechanical equipment.

[0003] Fasteners with a screw-in rod structure have important application value in specific scenarios. For example, in the connection of the cargo hold floor surface, this special structure of fasteners can ensure the firmness and stability of the connection while bearing complex loads.

[0004] When the component is connected to the cargo hold floor surface and screwed into place, a unique angle α° is formed, where the head groove forms a certain angle with the horizontal direction. However, due to the external spiral groove structure on the polished rod of this component, this special geometry poses great difficulties in angle measurement.

[0005] Existing general measuring tools and precision measuring machines are unable to accurately obtain measurement data when measuring the horizontal angle of the head slot centerline after assembly. This results in the inability to effectively control the angle during the production and assembly process, which may affect the performance and safety of the entire mechanical structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: To solve the problem of existing general measuring tools and digital measuring methods in detecting compatible spatial angles. In a first aspect, the present application provides a device for detecting a spatial angle of a mechanical part, wherein the mechanical part includes a fastener, and the device includes: A clamp body having a sliding groove and an upper surface, wherein the upper surface is provided with scale lines and a center hole, and the center hole is connected to the sliding groove; A positioning shaft, mounted in the sliding groove, the positioning shaft being a shaft selected based on the fastener; the positioning shaft being close to the upper surface; The fastener can be screwed into the center hole and cooperate with the polished rod of the positioning shaft to reach a completely stopped state. At this time, the scale pointed to by the head groove of the fastener is a spatial angle.

[0007] Preferably, the fastener comprises: a head having a head groove; A polished rod is connected to the head, wherein an external spiral groove is provided on the polished rod, and the positioning shaft is a shaft selected based on the external spiral groove.

[0008] Preferably, the clamp body further includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is parallel to the second surface, and the sliding groove passes through the first surface and the second surface.

[0009] Preferably, the first surface and the second surface are both planes.

[0010] Preferably, the clamp body further comprises: a sensor, disposed on the upper surface, for monitoring in real time the force, displacement, and angle of the fastener during the process of being screwed into the center hole; The data processing system automatically determines whether the cooperation is completely terminated based on the data collected by the sensor and a preset algorithm, and sends a prompt signal.

[0011] Preferably, the device further comprises: The nut can install the positioning shaft in the sliding groove, and the positioning shaft and the sliding groove are clearance-matched.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a method for detecting a spatial angle of a mechanical part, wherein the mechanical part includes a fastener, and the method includes: The matching positioning axis is determined based on the specific specifications of the fastener's spiral groove. This rule fully considers the relationship between the fastener structure and measurement accuracy to ensure measurement accuracy. According to the specific assembly sequence and technical requirements, the selected positioning shaft is precisely inserted into the sliding groove of the specially designed fixture body. The nut is tightened on the other side of the positioning shaft to ensure that the positioning shaft side of the positioning shaft and nut assembly is tightly fitted with the fixture body at the top. This assembly method builds a stable and accurate measurement infrastructure, ensuring structural stability and reliability throughout the measurement process. The fastener is screwed in along the center hole with the scale line. During the screwing process, the operation is continued until the spiral groove of the fastener and the positioning shaft polished rod reach a complete stop state. This operation process complies with strict operating specifications and precision requirements to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

[0013] Preferably, the method further comprises: Through a set of judgment methods based on precision scale lines and tolerance ranges, we carefully judge whether the direction of the fastener head slot is within the scale lines and their tolerance scale lines, so as to determine the part angle and judge whether this angle meets the design requirements. This method comprehensively considers the accuracy of the scale lines, the setting of the tolerance range, and the error factors in actual measurement to ensure the accuracy and scientific nature of angle judgment.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1) This invention provides an innovative measurement principle and method. By integrating multidisciplinary knowledge and advanced technologies, it innovatively proposes a complete spatial angle detection method from matching and assembly to measurement and judgment. This method breaks through the limitations of traditional measurement thinking and no longer relies solely on the accuracy of the measuring tool. Instead, it starts from each link of the entire measurement process and effectively solves the bottleneck problem of existing tools and digital measurement methods in angle measurement by optimizing the methods and techniques of each step. It provides a new solution for the field of precision inspection of mechanical parts.

[0015] 2) This invention offers exceptional convenience and efficiency. Operators only need minimal training to follow pre-set procedures and prompts to perform assembly and part measurement. The entire process requires no specialized skills or complex training, significantly reducing operator requirements. Furthermore, the use of automated monitoring and data analysis technologies allows for rapid acquisition of measurement results, automated judgment, and automatic calibration, effectively improving measurement efficiency, shortening production cycles, and reducing production costs.

[0016] 3) The present invention is highly flexible and adaptable, meeting the measurement requirements of parts of varying specifications and types. Whether it's the structural design of the fixture body, the specification adaptation of the positioning axis, or the parameter control during the measurement process, all can be flexibly configured and optimized based on the characteristics of each part. This flexibility makes the present detection method widely applicable to measuring the angles of various parts with special structures and assembly functions after use, ensuring accurate acquisition of spatial angle data for parts in a variety of application scenarios, providing a strong guarantee for the quality and performance of mechanical products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Axonometric diagram of the spatial angle detection of the screw-in rod structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the spatial angle detection of the screw-in rod structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Among them: 1 upper nut, 2 upper positioning shaft, 3 lower nut, 4 lower positioning shaft, 5 clamp body, 6 sensor, 7 display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To address the challenges of existing general-purpose measuring tools and digital measurement methods in detecting compatible spatial angles, the present invention provides a method for detecting the spatial angles of screw-on rod structures. This method enables rapid, convenient, and accurate readings, is simple to operate, and meets current requirements for detecting spatial angles within the relevant specifications of these specialized structures, providing a new approach and method for the precision testing of mechanical parts.

[0019] The technical solution adopted by this application is as follows: a method for detecting the spatial angle of a screw-in rod structure is provided, which is characterized by comprising the following contents: 1) Innovative Matching and Assembly Methods: First, an innovative matching rule was developed based on part structural characteristics and measurement accuracy requirements. This rule determines the appropriate locating shaft for the specific specifications of the part's spiral groove. This matching rule not only considers dimensional matching but also factors such as part material and processing technology that influence measurement results. Through extensive experiments and data analysis, the optimal matching parameters and algorithm were determined. Then, during the assembly process, a unique assembly sequence and technical requirements were employed to precisely insert the locating shaft into the sliding groove of the fixture body, which features a unique device structure. The design of this fixture body incorporates knowledge from multiple disciplines, including mechanics and materials science. Its structure effectively distributes stress during measurement, ensuring measurement stability. A nut is tightened on the opposite side of the locating shaft, employing a novel tightening torque control technology to ensure that the locating shaft side of the nut assembly is tightly aligned with the top of the fixture body, while also preventing measurement errors caused by excessive or insufficient tightening force.

[0020] 2) Precise Measurement and Judgment Method: During the component installation and measurement phase, a precise rotary screw-in method was designed. The operator rotates the component along the center hole of the graduated line. During the screw-in process, the operator strictly adheres to the preset speed and angle. Sensors monitor parameters such as force and displacement in real time to ensure proper and accurate operation. This operation continues until the part's spiral groove and the positioning shaft's polished rod reach a fully mated state. This mating state is determined using high-precision sensors and algorithms that precisely capture the moment of mating and record relevant data. Finally, a judgment method based on precise graduations and tolerance ranges is used to determine whether the part's angle meets the requirements. This judgment method utilizes image processing and data analysis techniques to precisely analyze the relationship between the direction of the part's end face groove and the graduations and tolerance ranges. This method quickly and accurately determines whether the part's angle is within the design range. It also automatically calibrates and compensates for errors in the measurement results, further improving measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0021] The present invention discloses a method for detecting the spatial angle of a rod screw-in structure. The core of the method lies in a unique design concept and operation method: according to the specifications of the spiral groove of the part, an innovative matching rule is used to determine the appropriate positioning shaft; the parts are assembled in a specific order and according to technical requirements, the positioning shaft is accurately placed in the sliding groove of the fixture body, and the nut is cleverly tightened with the nut to make the positioning shaft fit tightly with the nut assembly and the fixture body to build a stable measurement structure; the part is screwed in along the center hole with scale lines until the spiral groove and the positioning shaft polished rod are completely matched, and this process strictly complies with the prevention specifications and accuracy requirements; through a meticulous and accurate judgment method, the part angle is determined according to the relationship between the direction of the part end face groove and the scale lines, and it is determined whether the part angle meets the requirements. The present invention effectively overcomes the limitations of the existing technology in measuring specific spatial angles, significantly improves the accuracy of measurement, simplifies the operation process, reduces assembly problems, ensures assembly quality and safety, has extremely high practical value and broad application prospects, and provides a reliable, efficient, simple and innovative solution for the detection of spatial angles of complex structures in the field of precision detection of mechanical parts, which has effectively promoted the technological progress of the industry.

[0022] Among them, the design of the fixture body is based on a comprehensive consideration of the adaptability and measurement accuracy of various part specifications. The upper and lower surfaces adopt an innovative structural design, which can adapt to the optical rods of different part specifications, and the surface is accurately marked with angle scale lines and their corresponding tolerance ranges covering all design requirements, providing an accurate reference basis for angle measurement. The marking method of the scale lines and the determination of the tolerance range are based on a large amount of experimental data and theoretical analysis to ensure that they can meet the requirements of high-precision measurement; at the same time, the hole diameters on both sides of the fixture body can be flexibly selected according to different part specifications. The selection method is based on an intelligent matching algorithm, which can quickly and accurately determine the optimal hole diameter for the part specifications to ensure a close fit with the part, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0023] In a feasible implementation, the following Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 This application is described in further detail.

[0024] See attached Figure 1 The embodiment mainly consists of key components such as a nut, a positioning shaft, a clamp body, a sensor, and a display. The design and coordinated operation of these components are the basis for achieving precise measurement, and each component incorporates innovative design concepts and technical methods.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for detecting the spatial angle of a screw-in rod structure is provided, comprising the following steps: Selecting the positioning shaft specifications: First, based on the detailed design drawings and relevant technical parameters of the part, obtain the specific specifications of the spiral groove, including parameters such as the diameter, pitch, and depth. These parameters are then input into a pre-established matching algorithm system. Based on extensive experimental data and theoretical models, this system can quickly and accurately calculate the matching positioning shaft specifications. When selecting the positioning shaft specifications, not only the dimensional compatibility but also factors such as the material hardness and wear resistance should be considered to ensure the stability and durability of the positioning shaft during the measurement process.

[0026] The matching algorithm system calculates the specifications of the positioning shaft primarily through the following steps: data collection and preprocessing, algorithm model construction and training, computational matching process, and result screening and optimization. Data collection and preprocessing: Information on the spiral groove diameter, pitch, and depth specifications is obtained from detailed part design drawings and technical specifications. This data is standardized, with unified dimensions and data formats, to enable effective algorithm processing. Algorithm model construction and training: Based on mechanical design principles, kinematics, and dynamics, a theoretical model for the fit between the positioning shaft and the part's spiral groove is constructed. Based on the principles of screw transmission, a mathematical relationship between pitch, lead, and angular axial displacement is established. Through extensive experiments, performance data on the fit between positioning shafts of varying specifications and part spiral grooves, such as fit accuracy, wear, and load capacity, is collected. This experimental data is used to validate and optimize the theoretical model. The collected experimental data is used to train the theoretical model, adjusting model parameters to more accurately reflect actual fit conditions. The model uses part parameters as the input layer and positioning shaft specifications as the output layer. By continuously adjusting the weights between these elements, the model output is more closely aligned with the actual matching positioning shaft specifications. Computational matching process: The pre-processed part parameters, such as the spiral groove specifications, are input into a trained matching algorithm system. The algorithm system calculates the locating shaft specifications that match the input part parameters based on its internal theoretical model and training parameters. For example, if the part's spiral groove diameter is D, the pitch is P, and the depth is H, the algorithm uses the established mathematical model and training results to calculate through a series of formulas (such as determining the outer diameter and effective fitting length of the locating shaft based on the spiral groove diameter and depth) to determine the appropriate locating shaft diameter, pitch, length, and other dimensional specifications. Result screening and optimization: The algorithm may output multiple locating shaft specification options that meet the basic matching conditions. These options are then screened and optimized based on other constraints (such as cost, processing difficulty, inventory status, etc.) to ultimately determine the optimal locating shaft specifications.

[0027] Furthermore, the assembly of the components: carefully insert the selected locating shaft into the sliding groove on the side of the fixture body. During the insertion process, ensure that the fitting clearance between the locating shaft and the sliding groove is within the allowable tolerance range to ensure that the locating shaft can slide smoothly in the sliding groove without excessive sliding. Then, on the other side of the locating shaft, use a nut to tighten it. When tightening the nut, use a torque wrench to tighten it according to the preset torque value. The torque value is determined by analyzing and experimenting with the measurement results under different tightening torques to ensure that the locating shaft side of the locating shaft and nut assembly fits tightly with the fixture body at the top without causing damage to the fixture body and the locating shaft. After tightening, check whether the locating shaft can freely translate up and down in the fixture body, and whether there is any jamming during the translation process, to verify the correctness and stability of the assembly.

[0028] Furthermore, the installation and measurement of parts: the part to be measured is rotated and screwed in along the center hole of the side with the scale line. Before screwing in, make sure that the surface of the part is clean, without oil stains, burrs and other factors that affect the measurement accuracy. During the screwing-in process, the operator should pay close attention to the screwing-in of the part, and control the speed and force of screwing in through hand feel and visual feedback to avoid screwing in too quickly or too violently, which may cause damage to the part or measurement errors. At the same time, the sensors installed on the fixture body are used to monitor parameters such as force, displacement, and angle in real time during the screwing-in process, and transmit these data to the data processing system. The operation continues until the spiral groove of the part and the positioning axis rod are completely terminated. At this time, the data processing system will automatically determine whether the cooperation is completely terminated based on the data collected by the sensor and the preset algorithm, and issue a prompt signal.

[0029] The data processing system consists of two major components: sensor data acquisition and pre-set algorithm analysis. Force sensors, displacement sensors, and angle sensors, installed on the fixture body, collect real-time data on force, displacement, and angle during the screwing process. Force sensors detect changes in axial force, torque, and other forces during screwing; displacement sensors track the distance the part moves in the screwing direction, and angle sensors record the angle of rotation. Pre-set algorithm analysis performs force threshold determination, displacement-angle correlation analysis, and trend analysis. Force threshold determination: The algorithm pre-sets a force threshold range. When the force detected by the force sensor exceeds the normal screwing force range, such as a sudden increase (which may indicate that the part and the locating shaft polished rod are approaching their limit and encountering significant resistance) or a sudden decrease (which may indicate that the part has deviated from the normal fit), the data processing system uses this algorithm to determine whether the fit is nearing or reaching its termination state. Displacement-angle correlation determination: Based on the part's design parameters and fit requirements, the algorithm establishes a theoretical correlation model between displacement and angle. During the screwing process, if the actual displacement and angle data deviate from this theoretical model, for example, by reaching a preset maximum displacement value and the angle change also meeting the characteristics of a terminated fit, the system determines that the fit has terminated. Trend analysis: The algorithm analyzes the changing trends of the collected data. If the changing trends of parameters such as force, displacement, and angle are flat and no longer change regularly, which are consistent with the trend characteristics of cooperation termination, the system will use it as the basis for judging the termination of cooperation.

[0030] Further, angle determination and result analysis: Carefully observe the orientation of the part's end face groove and compare it with the scale lines and their tolerance range. The accuracy and tolerance range of the scale lines are guaranteed through high-precision machining and a rigorous calibration process to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. If the orientation of the part's end face groove is within the scale lines and their tolerance range, the part angle is determined to meet the requirements; otherwise, the part angle is determined to be non-compliant, and the measurement results are carefully recorded and analyzed. During the analysis process, the various factors affecting the measurement process, such as ambient temperature, humidity, and operator error, must be fully considered, and appropriate measures must be taken to improve and optimize the measurement to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the spatial angle of a mechanical part, characterized in that: The mechanical part includes a fastener, and the device includes: A clamp body having a sliding groove and an upper surface, wherein the upper surface is provided with scale lines and a center hole, and the center hole is connected to the sliding groove; A positioning shaft, mounted in the sliding groove, the positioning shaft being a shaft selected based on the fastener; the positioning shaft being close to the upper surface; The fastener can be screwed into the center hole and cooperate with the polished rod of the positioning shaft to reach a completely stopped state. At this time, the scale pointed to by the head groove of the fastener is a spatial angle.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein The fastener comprises: a head having a head groove; A polished rod is connected to the head, wherein an external spiral groove is provided on the polished rod, and the positioning shaft is a shaft selected based on the external spiral groove.

3. The device according to claim 2, wherein The clamp body further includes a first surface and a second surface, the first surface is parallel to the second surface, and the sliding groove passes through the first surface and the second surface.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The first surface and the second surface are both planes.

5. The device according to claim 3, wherein The clamp body also includes: a sensor, disposed on the upper surface, for monitoring in real time the force, displacement, and angle of the fastener during the process of being screwed into the center hole; The data processing system automatically determines whether the cooperation is completely terminated based on the data collected by the sensor and a preset algorithm, and sends a prompt signal.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein The device further comprises: The nut can install the positioning shaft in the sliding groove, and the positioning shaft and the sliding groove are clearance-matched.

7. A method for detecting the spatial angle of a mechanical part, characterized in that: The mechanical part includes a fastener, and the method includes: The matching positioning axis is determined based on the specific specifications of the fastener's spiral groove. This rule fully considers the relationship between the fastener structure and measurement accuracy to ensure measurement accuracy. According to the specific assembly sequence and technical requirements, the selected positioning shaft is precisely inserted into the sliding groove of the specially designed fixture body. The nut is tightened on the other side of the positioning shaft to ensure that the positioning shaft side of the positioning shaft and nut assembly is tightly fitted with the fixture body at the top. This assembly method builds a stable and accurate measurement infrastructure, ensuring structural stability and reliability throughout the measurement process. The fastener is screwed in along the center hole with the scale line. During the screwing process, the operation is continued until the spiral groove of the fastener and the positioning shaft polished rod reach a complete stop state. This operation process complies with strict operating specifications and precision requirements to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein The method further comprises: Through a set of judgment methods based on precision scale lines and tolerance ranges, we carefully judge whether the direction of the fastener head slot is within the scale lines and their tolerance scale lines, so as to determine the part angle and judge whether this angle meets the design requirements. This method comprehensively considers the accuracy of the scale lines, the setting of the tolerance range, and the error factors in actual measurement to ensure the accuracy and scientific nature of angle judgment.

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