Intelligent monitoring system for limited space operation

Abstract

The invention relates to an intelligent monitoring system for limited space operation, which is applied to the related technical field of monitoring and early warning, in the operation process, a main monitoring center regularly sends an instruction to a signal test unit, so that the signal test unit can regularly send a message with a timestamp to an intelligent bracelet worn by an operator, and the intelligent bracelet is used for monitoring and early warning. When a signal interruption condition occurs, the intelligent bracelet cannot receive information as expected, and then an off-line alarm of the intelligent bracelet can be triggered, so that an operator is effectively reminded of signal interruption abnormity, and when the signal interruption condition occurs, compared with the prior art, the operator can be quickly reminded under the condition that the signal interruption is out of communication with the outside world, and the operation efficiency is improved. An operator can conveniently make corresponding response in time, so that the operator is effectively prevented from working under the condition of no safety guarantee, and the potential safety hazard is greatly reduced; and current can be generated and stored during signal testing, so that certain safety guarantee is provided for operators under the condition of accidental power failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intelligent monitoring system, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations applied in the technical field of monitoring and early warning. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most confined space operations rely on traditional methods such as personnel monitoring and recording, and occasional announcements to understand the working conditions and health status of personnel within the confined space. Due to the influence of factors such as the quality and experience of the supervisor, this method is highly random and uncertain, and cannot grasp the basic conditions of the workers in real time. Once poisoning, suffocation, etc. occur, rescue operations are often not organized immediately, missing the best rescue opportunity and causing greater casualties. Therefore, exploring a method that can monitor the confined space working environment in real time, understand the status of workers, and regulate their behavior is very necessary to further strengthen the management of confined spaces and reduce the occurrence of such accidents.

[0003] Confined space operations are generally carried out under the safe supervision of an external monitoring center. On the one hand, this center can monitor whether the workers are operating in accordance with regulations, remotely guide the specific operations of related operations, and deploy operation plans. On the other hand, in the event of an abnormality, a timely alarm can be issued, thereby quickly guiding the workers to evacuate and carrying out rescue operations in a timely manner. For example, the early warning system disclosed in the Chinese patent specification with publication number CN115035695A and the confined space operation alarm prompt device disclosed in the Chinese patent specification with publication number CN219143562U.

[0004] In the above-mentioned existing technologies, abnormal alarms all rely on the network. However, for confined spaces, due to the particularity of the environment, network abnormalities, signal interruptions, etc. are prone to occur, resulting in loss of connection with the external monitoring center. However, for personnel who are working, it is difficult to detect the signal interruption in time, and they cannot take corresponding measures in time when the signal is interrupted. For the operating personnel, in this case, the operation is equivalent to losing safety protection. It is difficult to report the alarm in time when an abnormality occurs, and the operating personnel cannot evacuate quickly when an abnormality occurs, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that when a signal interruption occurs, it is equivalent to working in an environment without safety guarantee for the operating personnel, which poses a great safety hazard.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations, comprising a main monitoring center located in a monitoring room and a sub-monitoring center located in the confined space. The main monitoring center and the sub-monitoring center are commonly connected to a personnel entry and exit recording unit, a video monitoring unit, an environmental monitoring unit, a wearable device, a scheduling unit, and a hierarchical alarm unit. The video monitoring unit and the environmental monitoring unit are both installed in the confined space, and the video monitoring unit includes a plurality of high-definition cameras installed at various locations in the confined space. The environmental monitoring unit includes an oxygen content sensor, a toxic gas sensor, a combustible gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor installed at various locations in the confined space. The wearable device includes a plurality of smart bracelets worn on the wrists of a plurality of staff members, and the smart bracelets are integrated with a vibration sensor, a local database, and a vital sign monitoring unit. The dispatch unit includes a location sensor, a path recording module, and an escape path planning module integrated into the smart bracelet; The hierarchical alarm unit includes an alarm hierarchical unit, a main alarm installed in the monitoring room, and multiple alarm groups installed in the confined space. The alarm group includes an on-site alarm installed on the same mounting plate, an on-site backup alarm, and a signal testing unit. The signal testing unit is used to test whether the signal between the confined space and the control room is abnormal.

[0007] In the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations, through the setting of the signal test unit, the signal is continuously tested during the operation process to see if it is interrupted. When the signal is interrupted and the alarm cannot be given, the operator can still be reminded in time so that the operator can make corresponding responses in time, thereby effectively preventing the operator from operating without safety guarantees.

[0008] An intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1. The main monitoring center continuously obtains environmental data within the confined space, video information of related operations, and vital signs of operators, and analyzes and organizes the above data; S2. When the above information is abnormal, the alarm classification unit classifies the alarm according to the risk of data abnormality, so that the on-site alarm and the main alarm will issue different levels of alarms. The alarm levels are divided into level 1 alarm, level 2 alarm and level 3 alarm; S3. When the second-level alarm is triggered, all workers stop working and wait for the latest instructions. When the third-level alarm is triggered, all workers immediately stop working and evacuate according to the escape route planned by the escape route planning module.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, in step S2, when performing data alarm grading, when multiple data are abnormal, the alarm level of the alarm grading unit is graded according to the data with the highest abnormal risk.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, when the signal is interrupted, the hierarchical alarm unit fails and cannot alarm as scheduled. At this time, it automatically switches to offline alarm. The offline alarm includes the following steps: The SA and the main monitoring center send an operation instruction to the signal test unit at regular intervals. When the signal test unit executes the instruction, it triggers the signal transmission unit, which in turn sends a time-stamped message to the operator's smart bracelet. The local database in the smart bracelet stores the time-stamped data in chronological order. SB, after the signal is interrupted, the signal test unit cannot receive the operation instruction, resulting in the signal transmission unit cannot be triggered, then the smart bracelet cannot receive the information with the timestamp. In this case, the data in the local database cannot be updated, and it is determined that the signal is interrupted; SC, at this time, the smart bracelet tries to establish a connection with the sub-monitoring center: SC1. If the connection fails, it means that the signal with the outside world and the confined space is interrupted. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate. At this time, the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape route in the smart bracelet; SC21. If the connection is successful, the sub-monitoring center first sends the same operation command to the signal test unit. If the signal test unit can perform the operation normally, it indicates that the signal test unit is not faulty and confirms that the signal with the external main control center is interrupted. At this time, the sub-monitoring center monitors various monitoring data. If any data anomaly is found, a command is sent to the smart bracelet, which vibrates continuously. The operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet. SC22. If the signal test unit cannot perform the operation normally, the sub-monitoring center attempts to establish a connection with the main monitoring center. If the connection can be established, it means that the signal test unit has failed, the alarm is lifted, and the operator can work normally. If the connection cannot be established, the signal interruption is confirmed. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate, and the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet.

[0011] As a further improvement to this application, the steps for generating an offline escape path are as follows: The SCa and escape route planning modules plan a path from the current position to the confined space exit in real time based on the position changes of the operator recorded by the position sensor, and each node on the path corresponds to multiple route guide signs installed in the confined space; SCb, storing each planned path in the local database and overwriting the previously stored offline escape path in the local database; SCc. When the confirmation signal is interrupted, the path last stored in the local database is used as the offline escape path to guide the workers to evacuate.

[0012] As another improved supplement to the present application, the signal testing unit includes a column fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a limit box fixedly connected to the middle of the column, and two side panels fixedly connected to the upper end of the column. The two side panels are symmetrical about the limit box. A longitudinal pressure rod is connected between the two side panels through an electric slide rail. The longitudinal pressure rod movably passes through the limit box. A self-resetting switch is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the limit box. The self-resetting switch is used to control the signal emission of the signal transmitting unit, and the self-resetting switch is located directly below the longitudinal pressure rod.

[0013] As a further improvement and supplement to the present application, the limit box includes two outer cover shells and two outer protective plates fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer cover shells that are close to each other. The inner walls of the two outer cover shells that are away from each other are provided with power supply units, and a battery is embedded in the bottom of the column. The two power supply units are electrically connected to the charging end of the battery, and the discharging end of the battery is electrically connected to the route sign.

[0014] As a further improvement and supplement to the present application, the power collection unit includes a piezoelectric ceramic mainboard fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cover shell and a plurality of evenly distributed power collection bars fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard near one end of the longitudinal pressure rod. The longitudinal pressure rod is located between the two outer cover shells, and the longitudinal pressure rod is in contact with the ends of at least two power collection bars through two outer protective plates. The longitudinal pressure rod is an elastic structure and the outer cover shell is an insulating structure.

[0015] As a further improvement and supplement to the present application, the power strip includes an outer protective sleeve and an elastic telescopic rod fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic main board, and a piezoelectric ceramic column sleeved in the outer protective sleeve. The end of the piezoelectric ceramic column away from the outer protective sleeve is fixedly connected to an insulating contact, the end of the elastic telescopic rod movably passes through the piezoelectric ceramic column and is fixedly connected to the insulating contact, and the insulating contact is an elastic hemispherical structure.

[0016] In summary, during the operation process, the main monitoring center will regularly send instructions to the signal testing unit, so that the signal testing unit can regularly send messages with timestamps to the smart bracelet worn by the operator. When the signal is interrupted, the smart bracelet cannot receive the information as expected, which can trigger the offline alarm of the smart bracelet, thereby effectively reminding the operator of the signal interruption abnormality. Compared with the existing technology, when the signal is interrupted and the connection with the outside world is lost, the operator can be quickly reminded, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding responses in time, thereby effectively avoiding the operator from operating without safety guarantees, thereby greatly reducing safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a main principle block diagram of the first embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a main principle diagram of the hierarchical alarm of the first embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is the main framework diagram of the signal test of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a main flow chart of the signal test in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-level alarm unit portion of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a front cross section of a signal testing unit according to the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 A side view of the signal testing unit according to the first and second embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the signal testing unit of the first and second embodiments of the present application after receiving the operation instruction from the main monitoring center; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the power strip of the first and second embodiments of the present application when not under pressure; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the power strips of the first and second embodiments of the present application when under pressure.

[0018] Description of the numbers in the figure: 11 columns, 12 side panels, 2 limit boxes, 21 outer cover shell, 22 piezoelectric ceramic main board, 23 outer protective plate, 3 longitudinal pressure rods, 4 power strips, 411 piezoelectric ceramic columns, 412 insulating contacts, 42 outer protective sleeves, 43 elastic telescopic rods, 5 self-resetting switches. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The first implementation method: Figure 1The invention shows an intelligent monitoring system for confined space operation, comprising a main monitoring center located in the monitoring room and a sub-monitoring center located in the confined space. The main monitoring center and the sub-monitoring center are connected by common signals with a personnel entry and exit recording unit, a video monitoring unit, an environmental monitoring unit, a wearable device, a dispatching unit and a graded alarm unit. The video monitoring unit and the environmental monitoring unit are both installed in the confined space, and the video monitoring unit comprises a plurality of high-definition cameras respectively installed in various places in the confined space, which can monitor the working video of the operators in the confined space in real time, so that the staff in the monitoring room can detect and remind irregular operations in time, reduce the safety hazards caused by irregular operations, and also make The staff in the monitoring room can remotely guide the work of the on-site workers. The environmental monitoring unit includes oxygen content sensors, toxic gas sensors, combustible gas sensors, temperature sensors and humidity sensors installed in various places in the confined space. The wearable device includes multiple smart bracelets worn on the wrists of multiple workers. The smart bracelets are integrated with vibration sensors, local databases and vital signs monitoring units. The vital signs monitoring unit can monitor the physical condition of the workers in real time. When abnormal data occurs, the smart bracelet can promptly send early warning information to the surrounding workers and the external main monitoring center, so that the workers can be rescued in time to reduce the occurrence of accidents. like Figure 2 ,The hierarchical alarm unit includes an alarm hierarchical unit, a main alarm installed in the ,monitoring room, and multiple alarm groups installed in a limited space, ,e.g. Figure 5 The alarm group includes an on-site alarm, an on-site backup alarm and a signal test unit installed on the same mounting plate. The signal test unit is used to test whether the signal between the confined space and the control room is abnormal.

[0021] An intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: S1. The main monitoring center continuously obtains environmental data within the confined space, video information of related operations, and vital signs of operators, and analyzes and organizes the above data; S2. When the above information is abnormal, the alarm classification unit classifies the alarm according to the risk of data abnormality, so that the on-site alarm and the main alarm can give different levels of alarms. The alarm levels are divided into level 1 alarm, level 2 alarm and level 3 alarm. Specifically, different alarm modes of the on-site alarm can be set according to the alarm level. For example, the level 1 alarm only performs light alarm, the level 2 alarm performs intermittent sound and light alarm, and the level 3 alarm performs continuous and harsh sound and light alarm. S3. When the second-level alarm is triggered, all workers stop working and wait for the latest instructions. When the third-level alarm is triggered, all workers immediately stop working and evacuate according to the escape route planned by the escape route planning module.

[0022] In step S2, when performing data alarm classification, when multiple data are abnormal, the alarm classification unit classifies the alarm level according to the data with the highest abnormal risk, effectively ensuring safety and reducing safety hazards.

[0023] like Figure 3-4 When the signal is interrupted, the hierarchical alarm unit becomes invalid and cannot alarm as scheduled. At this time, it automatically switches to offline alarm. The offline alarm includes the following steps: The SA and the main monitoring center send an operation instruction to the signal test unit at regular intervals. When the signal test unit executes the instruction, it triggers the signal transmission unit, which in turn sends a time-stamped message to the operator's smart bracelet. The local database in the smart bracelet stores the time-stamped data in chronological order. SB, after the signal is interrupted, the signal test unit cannot receive the operation instruction, resulting in the signal transmission unit cannot be triggered, then the smart bracelet cannot receive the information with the timestamp. In this case, the data in the local database cannot be updated, and it is determined that the signal is interrupted; SC, at this time, the smart bracelet tries to establish a connection with the sub-monitoring center: SC1. If the connection fails, it means that the signal with the outside world and the confined space is interrupted. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate. At this time, the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape route in the smart bracelet; SC21. If the connection is successful, the sub-monitoring center first sends the same operation command to the signal test unit. If the signal test unit can perform the operation normally, it indicates that the signal test unit is not faulty and confirms that the signal with the external main control center is interrupted. At this time, the sub-monitoring center monitors various monitoring data. If any data anomaly is found, a command is sent to the smart bracelet, which vibrates continuously. The operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet. SC22. If the signal test unit cannot perform the operation normally, the sub-monitoring center attempts to establish a connection with the main monitoring center. If the connection can be established, it means that the signal test unit has failed, the alarm is lifted, and the operator can work normally. If the connection cannot be established, the signal interruption is confirmed. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate, and the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet.

[0024] The dispatching unit includes a location sensor integrated in the smart bracelet, a path recording module, and an escape path planning module. The steps for generating an offline escape path are as follows: The SCa and escape route planning modules plan a path from the current position to the confined space exit in real time based on the position changes of the operator recorded by the position sensor, and each node on the path corresponds to multiple route guide signs installed in the confined space; SCb, storing each planned path in the local database and overwriting the previously stored offline escape path in the local database; SCc. When the confirmation signal is interrupted, the path last stored in the local database is used as the offline escape path to guide the workers to evacuate.

[0025] like Figure 5-7 The signal test unit includes a column 11 fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a limit box 2 fixedly connected to the middle of the column 11, and two side plates 12 fixedly connected to the upper end of the column 11. The two side plates 12 are symmetrical about the limit box 2. A longitudinal pressure rod 3 is connected between the two side plates 12 through an electric slide rail. The longitudinal pressure rod 3 movably passes through the limit box 2. A self-resetting switch 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the limit box 2. The self-resetting switch 5 is used to control the signal transmission of the signal transmitting unit, and the self-resetting switch 5 is located directly below the longitudinal pressure rod 3. Figure 8 , after receiving the operation command from the main monitoring center, the two electric slides start to work, first driving the longitudinal pressure rod 3 to move downward, and then gradually approaching the self-resetting switch 5 and squeezing the self-resetting switch 5. When it is fully pressed, the signal transmitting unit is triggered to transmit a signal with a timestamp to the smart bracelets worn by multiple operators, so that the local database can update the new time data within the expected time. Then, the electric slide controls the longitudinal pressure rod 3 to move upward until it resets. When the signal is interrupted or the signal test unit is abnormal, the longitudinal pressure rod 3 will not be able to perform the above-mentioned movement process, and the local database will not be able to update the time data, which will trigger the vibration sensor in the smart bracelet to vibrate, realize offline alarm, and then take corresponding measures in time. Compared with the existing technology, after the signal is interrupted, the operator cannot understand the situation in time, resulting in a certain period of time of working under the condition of interruption and loss of connection with the external signal, which is equivalent to working in a limited space without safety guarantee, thereby greatly reducing safety hazards.

[0026] In summary, during the operation process, the main monitoring center will regularly send instructions to the signal testing unit, so that the signal testing unit can regularly send messages with timestamps to the smart bracelet worn by the operator. When the signal is interrupted, the smart bracelet cannot receive the information as expected, which can trigger the offline alarm of the smart bracelet, thereby effectively reminding the operator of the signal interruption abnormality. Compared with the existing technology, when the signal is interrupted and the connection with the outside world is lost, the operator can be quickly reminded, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding responses in time, thereby effectively avoiding the operator from operating without safety guarantees, thereby greatly reducing safety hazards.

[0027] The second implementation method: This embodiment is based on the first embodiment, with a new power supply unit, and the rest of the parts remain the same as the first embodiment.

[0028] like Figure 6 The limit box 2 includes two outer covers 21 and two outer protective plates 23 fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer covers 21 close to each other. The inner walls of the two outer covers 21 away from each other are provided with power taking units. The bottom of the column 11 is embedded with a battery. The two power taking units are electrically connected to the charging end of the battery, and the discharging end of the battery is electrically connected to the route guide sign. Figure 8 Every time the signal testing unit executes the operation instruction of the main monitoring center to move the longitudinal pressure rod 3 up and down, it will continuously squeeze multiple power strips 4, so that the multiple power strips 4 will generate collision force with the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard 22 in turn, thereby generating a certain current, and the current will be stored in the battery. When a power outage occurs in a confined space, the power supply circuit of the route guide sign can be automatically switched to allow the battery to supply power to it, so that in the event of an abnormal situation, it can be in a lit state, thereby effectively guiding the workers to evacuate. In the event of an accident, it provides the workers with a possibility of survival, thereby reducing the accident rate as much as possible and reducing the degree of harm caused by accidental power outages.

[0029] like Figure 6 and Figure 9 The power-taking unit includes a piezoelectric ceramic mainboard 22 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cover shell 21 and a plurality of evenly distributed power-taking strips 4 fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard 22 near one end of the longitudinal pressure rod 3. The longitudinal pressure rod 3 is located between the two outer cover shells 21, and the longitudinal pressure rod 3 is in contact with the ends of at least two power-taking strips 4 through two outer protective plates 23. The longitudinal pressure rod 3 is an elastic structure, and the outer cover shell 21 is an insulating structure. The power-taking strip 4 includes an outer protective sleeve 42 fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard 22 and an elastic telescopic rod 43, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic column 411 sleeved in the outer protective sleeve 42. The end of the piezoelectric ceramic column 411 away from the outer protective sleeve 42 is fixedly connected with an insulating Contact 412, the end of the elastic telescopic rod 43 movably passes through the piezoelectric ceramic column 411 and is fixedly connected to the insulating contact 412, and the insulating contact 412 is an elastic hemispherical structure. When the longitudinal pressure rod 3 moves up and down, the longitudinal pressure rod 3 will squeeze the power-taking bar 4 in contact with it, so that the piezoelectric ceramic column 411 is squeezed into the outer sleeve 42 and collides with the piezoelectric ceramic main board 22, thereby generating current. As the longitudinal pressure rod 3 continues to move downward, multiple power-taking bars 4 will be collided in turn, so that when the longitudinal pressure rod 3 moves, the power-taking unit can continuously generate current. The current can be stored for backup during power outages, effectively reducing the safety hazards caused by accidental power outages.

[0030] It is worth noting that when the two piezoelectric ceramic columns 411 on both sides respectively collide with the two piezoelectric ceramic main boards 22, the insulating contacts 412 are in a compressed state, thereby effectively ensuring that when the longitudinal pressure rod 3 squeezes the power-taking bar 4, the piezoelectric ceramic columns 411 can be fully squeezed with the piezoelectric ceramic main boards 22, thereby effectively ensuring the generation of current.

[0031] Compared with the first embodiment, this embodiment rationally utilizes the movement of the longitudinal pressure rod 3, does not require additional power input, but can collect a certain amount of electricity, providing a certain degree of safety protection in the event of an unexpected power outage.

[0032] In view of current actual needs, the protection scope of the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to this. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations, characterized by: The system comprises a main monitoring center located in a monitoring room and a sub-monitoring center located in a confined space. The main monitoring center and the sub-monitoring center are connected to a personnel entry and exit recording unit, a video monitoring unit, an environmental monitoring unit, a wearable device, a scheduling unit, and a hierarchical alarm unit through common signal connections. The video monitoring unit and the environmental monitoring unit are both installed in the confined space, and the video monitoring unit comprises a plurality of high-definition cameras respectively installed in various locations within the confined space. The environmental monitoring unit comprises an oxygen content sensor, a toxic gas sensor, a combustible gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor respectively installed in various locations within the confined space. The wearable device comprises a plurality of smart bracelets respectively worn on the wrists of a plurality of staff members, and the smart bracelets are internally integrated with a vibration sensor, a local database, and a vital signs monitoring unit. The dispatching unit includes a position sensor, a path recording module and an escape path planning module integrated in the smart bracelet; The hierarchical alarm unit includes an alarm hierarchical unit, a main alarm installed in the monitoring room, and multiple alarm groups installed in a limited space. The alarm group includes an on-site alarm, an on-site backup alarm, and a signal testing unit installed on the same mounting plate. The signal testing unit is used to test whether the signal between the limited space and the control room is abnormal.

2. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring method includes the following steps: S1. The main monitoring center continuously obtains environmental data within the confined space, video information of related operations, and vital signs of operators, and analyzes and organizes the above data; S2. When the above information is abnormal, the alarm classification unit classifies the alarm according to the risk of data abnormality, so that the on-site alarm and the main alarm will issue different levels of alarms. The alarm levels are divided into level 1 alarm, level 2 alarm and level 3 alarm; S3. When the second-level alarm is triggered, all workers stop working and wait for the latest instructions. When the third-level alarm is triggered, all workers immediately stop working and evacuate according to the escape route planned by the escape route planning module.

3. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, when performing data alarm grading, if multiple data are abnormal, the alarm grading unit grades the alarm level according to the data with the highest abnormal risk.

4. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the signal is interrupted, the hierarchical alarm unit becomes invalid and cannot alarm as scheduled. At this time, it automatically switches to offline alarm, which includes the following steps: The SA and the main monitoring center send an operation instruction to the signal test unit at regular intervals. When the signal test unit executes the instruction, it triggers the signal transmission unit, which in turn sends a time-stamped message to the operator's smart bracelet. The local database in the smart bracelet stores the time-stamped data in chronological order. SB, after the signal is interrupted, the signal test unit cannot receive the operation instruction, resulting in the signal transmission unit cannot be triggered, then the smart bracelet cannot receive the information with the timestamp. In this case, the data in the local database cannot be updated, and it is determined that the signal is interrupted; SC, at this time, the smart bracelet tries to establish a connection with the sub-monitoring center: SC1. If the connection fails, it means that the signal with the outside world and the confined space is interrupted. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate. At this time, the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape route in the smart bracelet; SC21. If the connection is successful, the sub-monitoring center first sends the same operation command to the signal test unit. If the signal test unit can perform the operation normally, it indicates that the signal test unit is not faulty and confirms that the signal with the external main control center is interrupted. At this time, the sub-monitoring center monitors various monitoring data. If any data anomaly is found, a command is sent to the smart bracelet, which vibrates continuously. The operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet. SC22. If the signal test unit cannot perform the operation normally, the sub-monitoring center attempts to establish a connection with the main monitoring center. If the connection can be established, it means that the signal test unit has failed, the alarm is lifted, and the operator can work normally. If the connection cannot be established, the signal interruption is confirmed. At this time, the smart bracelet continues to vibrate, and the operator immediately evacuates according to the offline escape path in the smart bracelet.

5. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for generating the offline escape path are: The SCa and escape route planning modules plan a path from the current position to the confined space exit in real time based on the position changes of the operator recorded by the position sensor, and each node on the path corresponds to multiple route guide signs installed in the confined space; SCb, storing each planned path in the local database and overwriting the previously stored offline escape path in the local database; SCc. When the confirmation signal is interrupted, the path last stored in the local database is used as the offline escape path to guide the workers to evacuate.

6. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal test unit comprises a column (11) fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a limit box (2) fixedly connected to the middle of the column (11), and two side panels (12) fixedly connected to the upper end of the column (11), the two side panels (12) are symmetrical about the limit box (2), a longitudinal pressure rod (3) is connected between the two side panels (12) via an electric slide rail, the longitudinal pressure rod (3) movably passes through the limit box (2), a self-resetting switch (5) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the limit box (2), the self-resetting switch (5) is used to control the signal transmission of the signal transmitting unit, and the self-resetting switch (5) is located directly below the longitudinal pressure rod (3).

7. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit box (2) comprises two outer cover shells (21) and two outer protective plates (23) respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer cover shells (21) close to each other. The inner walls of the two outer cover shells (21) away from each other are both provided with power supply units. A battery is embedded in the bottom of the column (11). The two power supply units are both electrically connected to the charging end of the battery, and the discharging end of the battery is electrically connected to the route guide sign.

8. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power extraction unit comprises a piezoelectric ceramic mainboard (22) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer cover shell (21) and a plurality of evenly distributed power extraction bars (4) fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard (22) near one end of the longitudinal pressure rod (3). The longitudinal pressure rod (3) is located between the two outer cover shells (21), and the longitudinal pressure rod (3) contacts the ends of at least two power extraction bars (4) through two outer protective plates (23). The longitudinal pressure rod (3) is an elastic structure, and the outer cover shell (21) is an insulating structure.

9. The intelligent monitoring system for confined space operations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power strip (4) comprises an outer protective sleeve (42) fixedly connected to the piezoelectric ceramic mainboard (22), an elastic telescopic rod (43), and a piezoelectric ceramic column (411) sleeved in the outer protective sleeve (42); an end of the piezoelectric ceramic column (411) away from the outer protective sleeve (42) is fixedly connected to an insulating contact (412); an end of the elastic telescopic rod (43) movably passes through the piezoelectric ceramic column (411) and is fixedly connected to the insulating contact (412); and the insulating contact (412) is an elastic hemispherical structure.

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