Vegetable transplanting machine

Abstract

A vegetable transplanter relates to the technical field of vegetable seedling transplanting and comprises a vehicle body and a plurality of transplanting mechanisms mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body side by side. The transplanting mechanism comprises a planting device, a seedling conveying belt, a chain type conveying device and the like. A furrow plough and a backfilling rotary table of the planting device are matched to complete furrowing and backfilling, and seedlings are pushed out of seedling holes to a seedling conveying belt through a chain type conveying device and a separating device and then fall into furrows to be backfilled and buried. The separating device blows out the seedlings by using gas pressure, so that mechanical damage is avoided. The transplanter has the advantages that multiple mechanisms cooperate, the transplanting efficiency and the survival rate are improved, the structure is optimized, separation is reliable, and the failure rate is low. The transplanting mechanism is reasonable in layout and can work synchronously; the separation device is synchronously controlled through a connecting plate, and the stability is improved through double guiding of a guiding head and a sealing ring; the planting device comprises a pressing wheel, a water pipe and the like, soil compaction and water supply are guaranteed, and seedling raising plates can be conveniently placed on a multi-layer storage rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable seedling transplanting, in particular to a vegetable transplanting machine. Background Art

[0002] Transplanting is a critical step in vegetable cultivation. Traditional vegetable transplanting relies heavily on manual labor, resulting in low efficiency, high labor intensity, and inconsistent transplant quality, making it difficult to meet the demands of large-scale vegetable cultivation. With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, vegetable transplanters have emerged, but existing transplanters still have certain limitations.

[0003] On the one hand, the structural design of some transplanters is not reasonable. For example, some transplanters have complex structures, high operating costs, and difficult maintenance.

[0004] On the other hand, existing transplanters also have shortcomings when it comes to separating and transferring seedlings within the seedling tray. Many transplanters can damage the seedlings and their roots when separating them from the seedling holes. Separation efficiency is low, and seedlings are prone to being missed, which in turn affects the smoothness of the transplanting operation.

[0005] Furthermore, existing transplanters lack adaptability to diverse planting requirements. They can't flexibly adjust plant spacing, failing to meet the demands of diverse planting patterns. They also lack effective linkage control mechanisms when working with power equipment like tractors, leading to discontinuous transplanting operations and wasted resources.

[0006] In view of this, it is urgent to develop a vegetable transplanter with optimized structure, precise transplanting and strong adaptability to overcome the defects of existing technologies and improve the efficiency and quality of vegetable transplanting. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention discloses a vegetable transplanter.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A vegetable transplanter comprising: The vehicle body is mounted on the rear of the tractor; The vehicle body is mounted on the rear of the tractor; a plurality of transplanting mechanisms mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body; The transplanting mechanism comprises: a planting device mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body for digging a trench and backfilling the trench with soil to bury the roots of transplanted vegetable seedlings; A seedling conveyor belt is installed above the planting device and is used to convey the vegetable seedlings one by one to the planting device; A chain conveyor device, the unloading end of which is arranged above the seedling conveyor belt, the conveying direction is perpendicular to the seedling conveyor belt, and the conveying surface is composed of a plurality of spaced connecting rods; A seedling tray is placed on the conveying surface of the chain conveyor and includes a plurality of seedling holes, each of which can enter the gap between two adjacent connecting rods of the chain conveyor and has a through hole at the bottom; A partition is installed at the discharge end of the chain conveyor device, and multiple partitions are provided for separating each row of seedling holes on the seedling tray; a barrier rod is provided between two adjacent partitions; an arc-shaped guide groove is provided at one end of the partition corresponding to the chain conveyor device, so that the seedling tray can fit with the discharge end of the chain conveyor device; A separation device is arranged in the chain conveyor device and is used to push the vegetable seedlings from the seedling holes to the seedling conveyor belt when the vegetable seedlings on the seedling tray are turned over to a horizontal state.

[0009] Preferably, the separation device comprises: A fixed frame, which is fixedly connected to the frame of the chain conveyor; a plurality of pushing mechanisms spaced apart along the fixing frame; a telescopic cylinder, mounted on the fixed frame, for driving the pushing mechanism; The pushing mechanism comprises: A fixed tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to the fixing frame; an air pipe, one end of which is connected to the fixed pipe and the other end of which is connected to the air cylinder; A movable sleeve is provided on the fixed tube and is connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder. A plurality of vent holes are provided at intervals along the circumference of the sleeve at one end of the sleeve facing away from the trachea. A thimble is provided at one end of the movable sleeve away from the fixed frame and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve; when the thimble is inserted into the corresponding port of the fixed tube, it can close the fixed tube; when the movable sleeve drives the thimble to extend into the through hole of the seedling hole, it can push the vegetable seedlings, thereby creating a cavity between the vegetable seedlings and the bottom of the seedling hole. At the same time, the thimble is separated from the fixed tube, and the gas in the gas cylinder is ejected from the fixed tube. The gas enters the cavity between the vegetable seedlings and the bottom of the seedling hole, blowing the vegetable seedlings out, and under the action of the blocking rod, the vegetable seedlings are turned 180 degrees; A hollow bracket is installed between the outer wall of the ejector pin and the movable sleeve, and is used to fix the ejector pin.

[0010] Preferably, the movable sleeve is connected to the telescopic cylinder via a connecting plate.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the hollow bracket facing away from the ejector pin is fastened to a guide head, and both ends of the guide head are in a pointed cone structure.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at one end of the fixed tube corresponding to the ejector pin, and between the fixed tube and the movable sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the planting device comprises: A furrowing plow, which has a triangular structure, is open at the top and bottom, and has a pointed top that is fastened to the vehicle body; A bracket is mounted on the vehicle body, one end of which extends into the big end of the furrowing plow; The two backfill turntables are symmetrically arranged and are both rotatably connected to the bracket. The two backfill turntables are tilted so that they can backfill soil into the ditch as the vehicle moves, burying the roots of the vegetable seedlings that fall into the ditch. There are two symmetrically arranged backfill wheels, which are respectively connected to the two backfill turntables. The backfill wheels rub against the ground to drive the backfill turntables to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, the rear side of the bracket is connected to two pressing wheels by tilting and rotating through a connecting frame, and the pressing wheels are used to crush the soil on both sides of the vegetable seedlings.

[0015] Preferably, a water pipe is provided in the tip of the furrowing plow for watering the dug furrow.

[0016] Preferably, a movable frame is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body, and the transplanting mechanism is installed on the movable frame; the movable frame is adjustably connected to the vehicle body through a lifting and adjusting mechanism; the lifting and adjusting mechanism includes a screw rotatably connected to the movable frame and a nut fastened to the vehicle body, the screw and the nut are correspondingly threadedly connected, and the height position of the movable frame is adjusted by screwing the screw.

[0017] Preferably, multiple layers of racks for placing seedling trays are provided above the vehicle body corresponding to the transplanting mechanism.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The multiple transplanting mechanisms of the present invention are arranged side by side and spaced apart on the rear side of the vehicle body, allowing the transplanting operation to be carried out synchronously, greatly improving the transplanting efficiency. The various devices in the transplanting mechanism work together to ensure the accurate transportation and stable planting of vegetable seedlings. The seedling conveyor belt is set horizontally and the height is precisely controlled, so that the vegetable seedlings touch the ground in a suitable tilting posture. In conjunction with the advancement of the backfill soil, it can achieve automatic straightening and burying of the root system, effectively improving the transplant survival rate.

[0019] (2) The separation device of the present invention utilizes gas pressure to smoothly blow the vegetable seedlings out of the seedling hole through the cooperation of a pushing mechanism and a telescopic cylinder, thus avoiding the damage that may be caused by traditional mechanical separation and improving separation efficiency and reliability. At the same time, the structural optimization of the separation device, such as the synchronous control of the connecting plate, the dual guiding function of the guide head, and the provision of a sealing ring, further enhances the separation effect and device stability, and reduces the risk of failure.

[0020] (3) The combination of the furrowing plow and the backfilling disc of the present invention achieves efficient furrowing and backfilling operations. The triangular structure of the furrowing plow is suitable for creating planting furrows on the field surface, and the symmetrically inclined arrangement of the backfilling disc can evenly backfill the soil and bury the roots of the vegetable seedlings. By precisely controlling the distance between the backfilling disc and the tip of the furrowing plow, the roots of the vegetable seedlings can accurately fall into the planting furrow and be buried by the backfill soil, without the need for clamping operations, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the vegetable seedlings and improving the survival rate.

[0021] (4) The movable frame and lifting adjustment mechanism provided on the rear side of the present invention can flexibly adjust the furrowing depth of the furrowing plow according to the planting depth requirements of the vegetable seedlings, meeting the diverse needs of different vegetable seedlings and enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the transplanter. The multi-layer storage rack design fully utilizes space, increases the number of seedling trays carried in a single transplanting operation, reduces the number of tray replacement stops, improves operation efficiency, and reduces labor intensity. It provides an efficient mechanized transplanting solution for large-scale vegetable planting and promotes the modernization of the vegetable planting industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the chain conveyor; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the separation device; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the separation device; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the planting device; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the storage rack; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in use.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Planting device; 2-1. Furrowing plow; 2-2. Backfill turntable; 2-3. Bracket; 2-4. Backfill wheel; 2-5. Connecting frame; 2-6. Pressing wheel; 3. Seedling conveyor belt; 4. Chain conveyor; 5. Seedling tray; 6. Partition; 7. Separating device; 7-1. Fixed frame; 7-2. Fixed tube; 7-3. Air pipe; 7-4. Movable sleeve; 7-5. Ejector pin; 7-6. Hollow bracket; 7-7. Connecting plate; 7-8. Guide head; 7-9. Sealing ring; 7-10. Telescopic cylinder; 8. Stop rod; 9. Movable frame; 10. Screw; 11. Nut; 12. Storage rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they may refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0027] Combined with attachment Figures 1 to 5 A vegetable transplanter includes a vehicle body 1 and a transplanting mechanism. The vehicle body 1 is mounted on the rear of a tractor and is driven by the tractor's power. Multiple transplanting mechanisms are installed on the rear side of the vehicle body 1 in a side-by-side and spaced arrangement, and each transplanting mechanism can operate independently without interfering with each other. The specific structure of the transplanting mechanism is as follows: The transplanting mechanism primarily consists of a planting device 2, a seedling conveyor belt 3, a chain conveyor 4, and a separation device 7. The planting device 2 is mounted on the bottom of the vehicle body 1. Its core function is to dig trenches in the field and backfill them with soil to bury the roots of the transplanted vegetable seedlings, thereby achieving stable planting of the vegetable seedlings. Directly above the planting device 2 is a seedling conveyor belt 3, which is arranged horizontally and is used to precisely transport the vegetable seedlings one by one to the planting device 2, ensuring that the vegetable seedlings are accurately placed in the planting position.

[0028] During the transplanting operation, the vegetable seedlings need to be placed horizontally on the seedling conveyor belt 3, and ensure that the roots of the vegetable seedlings are facing the front side of the tractor. As the seedling conveyor belt 3 continues to run, the vegetable seedlings will fall into the planting device 2 below in an orderly manner from one end thereof. It should be emphasized that before transplanting, the height of the seedling conveyor belt 3 must be accurately controlled to adjust the falling time of the vegetable seedlings so that they are tilted backwards by 30° to 50° before contacting the ground. At this time, the backfill soil advancing from the back to the front can straighten the vegetable seedlings that have tilted backwards, and successfully bury the roots of the vegetable seedlings to complete the planting operation.

[0029] The chain conveyor 4 is positioned above the seedling conveyor belt 3. More precisely, its discharge end is positioned above the seedling conveyor belt 3, allowing the vegetable seedlings transported by the chain conveyor 4 to fall onto the seedling conveyor belt 3. The conveying surface of the chain conveyor 4 is composed of a plurality of spaced connecting rods. Both the seedling conveyor belt 3 and the chain conveyor 4 are mature products already on the market, and their specific internal structures and operating principles will not be elaborated on here.

[0030] On the conveying surface of the chain conveyor 4, seedling trays 5 are neatly placed. The seedling holes of the seedling tray 5 are designed with an independent structure protruding from the tray surface, and are made of flexible and bendable material. When the seedling tray 5 is placed on the conveying surface of the chain conveyor 4, the seedling holes can be accurately embedded in the gap between two adjacent connecting rods of the chain conveyor 4. As the conveying surface of the chain conveyor 4 rotates, the travel distance of the seedling tray 5 can be accurately controlled to ensure that each seedling hole can reach the predetermined working position in turn. The bottom of the seedling hole is deliberately provided with a through hole. During the seedling stage, this design can effectively prevent water accumulation in the seedling hole, which affects the normal growth of vegetable seedlings.

[0031] A partition 6 is installed at one end of the chain conveyor 4 corresponding to the seedling conveyor belt 3. The number of partitions 6 is one more than the number of seedling holes, and the spacing between two adjacent partitions 6 is precisely matched with the width of the seedling holes. Its main function is to separate each row of seedling holes on the seedling tray 5 to avoid mutual interference between the seedling holes, ensure that the vegetable seedlings can be transported in an orderly manner, and when the seedling holes rotate to the discharge end of the chain conveyor 4, the seedling holes can be stuck to prevent them from falling, and the outer end of the partition 6 protrudes slightly toward the side where the seedling holes are transported to block the seedling holes. Between two adjacent partitions 6, a baffle 8 is provided, the height of which is higher than the axis position of the arc-shaped discharge end of the chain conveyor 4. When the vegetable seedlings are flipped from a vertical state to a horizontal state along with the discharge end of the chain conveyor 4, the baffle 8 can timely block the plant part of the vegetable seedlings and make it bent, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, this creates favorable conditions for subsequently turning the root system of the vegetable seedlings 180 degrees, ensuring the correct posture of the vegetable seedlings during transplanting. In addition, when all the vegetable seedlings in the seedling hole are planted, the rear end of the seedling hole is also out of the shielding of the partition 6 and will fall naturally, and can be manually recovered later.

[0032] The partition 6 is specially designed with an arc-shaped guide groove at one end corresponding to the chain conveyor 4. When the seedling tray 5 moves along the chain conveyor 4 to the arc-shaped discharge end of the chain conveyor 4, the arc-shaped guide groove can guide the seedling tray 5 so that it fits tightly with the discharge end of the chain conveyor 4, ensuring a smooth transition of the seedling tray 5. As the chain conveyor 4 further conveys, the seedling tray 5 can be smoothly brought out from the bottom of the chain conveyor 4, completing a conveying cycle of the seedling tray 5.

[0033] The separation device 7 is arranged inside the chain conveyor 4. When the vegetable seedlings on the seedling tray 5 are turned to a horizontal state, the chain conveyor 4 starts the corresponding action, accurately pushing the vegetable seedlings from the seedling hole to the seedling conveyor belt 3. During the pushing process, it is ensured that the roots of the vegetable seedlings are facing the front side of the tractor, making full preparations for the subsequent planting operation.

[0034] The separation device 7 is mainly composed of a fixed frame 7-1, a pushing mechanism, and a telescopic cylinder 7-10. The fixed frame 7-1 is tightly connected to the frame of the chain conveyor 4 and is kept horizontal. Along the length of the fixed frame 7-1, a corresponding number of pushing mechanisms are installed, arranged at intervals according to the number of seedling holes, to achieve precise separation of the vegetable seedlings in each seedling hole. The telescopic cylinder 7-10 is installed on the fixed frame 7-1 and is mainly responsible for driving the pushing mechanism to perform reciprocating motion. Its stable telescopic action can provide reliable power support for the separation of the vegetable seedlings.

[0035] The pushing mechanism mainly includes a fixed tube 7-2, an air pipe 7-3 and a movable sleeve 7-4. One end of the fixed tube 7-2 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 7-1 to ensure its stability during operation. After one end of the air pipe 7-3 passes through the fixed frame 7-1, it is connected to the fixed tube 7-2, and the other end is connected to the gas cylinder. Compressed gas with a certain pressure is pre-stored inside the gas cylinder to provide the necessary pneumatic power for the entire separation process. At the same time, the vehicle body 1 is also equipped with an air pump. When the pressure in the gas cylinder is lower than the preset pressure value, the air pump can automatically start and inflate the gas cylinder in time to ensure that the gas pressure in the gas cylinder is always maintained within the normal working range, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the separation device 7.

[0036] The movable sleeve 7-4 is movably mounted on the fixed tube 7-2 and is connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder 7-10, so that it can move back and forth along the axial direction of the fixed tube 7-2. At the end of the movable sleeve 7-4 away from the trachea 7-3, a plurality of vent holes are evenly spaced along its circumferential direction. These vent holes can play a key role in gas conduction in specific working stages. At the end of the movable sleeve 7-4 away from the fixed frame 7-1, a thimble 7-5 is installed through a hollow bracket 7-6. The thimble 7-5 can be precisely plugged into the corresponding port of the fixed tube 7-2. The ratio between its diameter and the inner diameter of the movable sleeve 7-4 is controlled within the range of 1:2 to 1:5. Such a size design can optimize the gas flow path and improve the separation effect while ensuring structural strength.

[0037] When ejector pin 7-5 is fully inserted into the corresponding port of fixed tube 7-2, it effectively seals the port of fixed tube 7-2, preventing gas leakage. During operation, when telescopic cylinder 7-10 drives movable sleeve 7-4 to move, allowing ejector pin 7-5 to extend into the through-hole of the seedling hole, movable sleeve 7-4 first pushes the vegetable seedling a distance, creating a cavity between the vegetable seedling's roots and the soil surrounding them and the bottom of the seedling hole. Then, ejector pin 7-5 and fixed tube 7-2 separate. At this point, compressed gas in the cylinder is ejected from the port of fixed tube 7-2 and smoothly enters the cavity between the vegetable seedling and the bottom of the seedling hole. The gas pressure smoothly blows the vegetable seedling out of the hole, effectively separating the vegetable seedling from the hole. This process prevents the movable sleeve 7-4 from directly inserting into the soil surrounding the vegetable seedling's roots, effectively preventing the vegetable seedling from separating smoothly due to soil resistance, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the separation operation.

[0038] When the vegetable seedlings have completed the separation, the telescopic cylinder 7-10 is controlled to perform a reverse reset operation, and the movable sleeve 7-4 is then smoothly withdrawn from the through hole of the seedling hole. At the same time, the ejector pin 7-5 is reinserted into the interior of the fixed tube 7-2, sealing the end of the fixed tube 7-2. During the process of the ejector pin 7-5 retracting, the fixed tube 7-2 continues to maintain the air outlet state, blowing out any soil particles that may remain in the movable sleeve 7-4, effectively preventing the problem of soil accumulation in the movable sleeve 7-4 causing blockage, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0039] Through the clever coordination between the ejector pin 7-5 and the fixed tube 7-2, the entire separation device 7 can achieve precise linkage between the ejection action and the blowing action, without the need for additional complex control components such as solenoid valves. This not only reduces the cost of using the entire device, but also significantly simplifies the complexity of the control system, reduces the probability of failure, makes the maintenance of the device easier, and makes the overall performance more stable and reliable. In the process of the vegetable seedlings being blown out of the seedling hole, due to the blocking effect of the baffle 8, the vegetable seedlings will flip 180°, so that their roots can face the front side of the tractor and accurately fall on the seedling conveyor belt 3 below. At the same time, under the separation effect of the partition 6, a certain distance can be maintained between two adjacent vegetable seedlings, which is conducive to the seedling conveyor belt 3 transporting the vegetable seedlings one by one and accurately to the planting device 2 for planting operations, ensuring the orderliness of the transplanting process and the uniformity of the planting effect.

[0040] It is important to note that the chain conveyor 4 operates in an intermittent conveying mode. When the through-holes of the seedling holes are precisely aligned with the movable sleeve 7-4, the chain conveyor 4 immediately stops conveying and waits for the separation device 7 to complete the separation of the vegetable seedlings. Once the vegetable seedlings within the seedling holes are completely free of the holes and the movable sleeve 7-4 is successfully withdrawn from the through-holes, the chain conveyor 4 restarts and travels the distance of one seedling hole, allowing the next seedling hole to be accurately aligned with the movable sleeve 7-4, ready for the next separation operation.

[0041] For more precise control, a proximity switch can be installed on the frame of the chain conveyor 4 to monitor the position of the seedling hole in real time. When the seedling hole is aligned with the movable sleeve 7-4, the proximity switch will send a signal to control the telescopic cylinder 7-10 to start operation. If the seedling hole is not detected to be in the aligned position, the chain conveyor 4 will continue to transport the seedlings until a seedling hole is successfully aligned with the movable sleeve 7-4, thus ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the entire transplanting process.

[0042] In addition, the chain conveyor 4 and the separation device 7 must be linked with the seedling conveyor belt 3 for control. Specifically, only when there are no vegetable seedlings on the belt surface corresponding to the seedling conveyor belt 3 and the seedling tray 5, the chain conveyor 4 and the separation device 7 will start to transport the vegetable seedlings to the corresponding belt surface area of ​​the seedling conveyor belt 3, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of vegetable seedlings overlapping on the seedling conveyor belt 3 and ensuring that each vegetable seedling can be independently and accurately transported and planted. When the tractor is turning around or there is no need to perform transplanting operations temporarily, the control system can promptly control the seedling conveyor belt 3, the chain conveyor 4 and the separation device 7 to stop the corresponding actions, thereby achieving flexible control of the entire transplanting operation process and effective energy saving, avoiding ineffective transplanting.

[0043] In addition, by reasonably adjusting the operating speed of the tractor and the seedling conveyor belt 3, the plant spacing between the vegetable seedlings can be effectively controlled. For example, in actual operation, if the speed of the seedling conveyor belt 3 is kept unchanged and the driving speed of the tractor is appropriately increased, the plant spacing between the vegetable seedlings will increase accordingly; on the contrary, if the driving speed of the tractor is controlled to remain unchanged and the transmission speed of the seedling conveyor belt 3 is accelerated, the effect of increasing the plant spacing can also be achieved. Conversely, if the speed of the tractor and the seedling conveyor belt 3 is adjusted in the opposite direction, the plant spacing between the vegetable seedlings can be reduced to meet the spacing adjustment requirements under different planting requirements and planting modes, further improving the versatility and adaptability of the vegetable transplanter. Example 2

[0044] Combined with attachment Figures 4 to 5 As shown, a vegetable transplanter is shown. Based on Example 1, this example optimizes and improves the connection structure of the movable sleeve 7-4. Specifically, the movable sleeve 7-4 is connected to the telescopic cylinder 7-10 via a connecting plate 7-7. This connection method enables synchronous control of the movements of all movable sleeves 7-4, thereby ensuring greater consistency in the movements of each movable sleeve 7-4 during the separation of vegetable seedlings, further improving the uniformity and reliability of the separation effect.

[0045] Furthermore, a guide head 7-8 is fastened to the end of the hollow bracket 7-6 away from the ejector pin 7-5, and both ends of the guide head 7-8 are designed to be a pointed cone structure. Such a structural design enables the guide head 7-8 to play a dual guiding role: on the one hand, during the process of the movable sleeve 7-4 being inserted into the corresponding through hole of the seedling hole, the pointed cone-shaped guide head 7-8 can effectively guide the movable sleeve 7-4 to smoothly enter the interior of the through hole, reducing the resistance and deviation during the insertion process, and ensuring the precise docking between the movable sleeve 7-4 and the through hole. On the other hand, when the gas is ejected from the fixed tube 7-2, the guide head 7-8 can effectively guide the ejected gas so that it flows more concentratedly into the cavity formed between the vegetable seedlings and the bottom of the seedling hole, thereby enhancing the driving force of the gas on the vegetable seedlings, allowing the vegetable seedlings to be separated from the seedling hole more smoothly, and improving the efficiency and stability of the entire separation process.

[0046] Furthermore, to ensure the sealing performance of the separation device 7, a sealing ring 7-9 is installed at the end of the fixed tube 7-2 corresponding to the ejector pin 7-5 and between the fixed tube 7-2 and the movable sleeve 7-4. The installation of the sealing ring 7-9 effectively prevents gas leakage and ensures the stability of the air pressure inside the device, thereby providing sufficient and stable pressure support for the separation of the vegetable seedlings, further improving the performance and reliability of the separation device 7 and reducing the risk of separation failure due to gas leakage. Example 3

[0047] Combined with attachment Figure 6 As shown, a vegetable transplanter, based on embodiment 1 or 2, this embodiment optimizes the design of the planting device 2 in detail, making its structure more reasonable and its functions more complete. Specifically, the planting device 2 mainly includes a furrowing plow 2-1 and a backfilling turntable 2-2. Among them, the furrowing plow 2-1 adopts a triangular structure design, and its top and bottom are both open. The tip of the furrowing plow 2-1 is fastened to the vehicle body 1, so that when the tractor drives the vehicle body 1 to move forward, the furrowing plow 2-1 can open a planting furrow on the surface of the field that is suitable for transplanting vegetable seedlings. The seedling conveyor belt 3 is responsible for accurately throwing the vegetable seedlings into the planting furrow opened by the furrowing plow 2-1.

[0048] A bracket 2-3 is mounted on the vehicle body 1, one end of which extends into the interior of the large end of the furrowing plow 2-1. Two backfilling discs 2-2 are rotatably connected to this end of the bracket 2-3. These discs are arranged symmetrically and tilted. As the tractor continues to move, the discs 2-2 evenly fill the soil into the planting furrows created by the furrowing plow 2-1, thereby burying the roots of vegetable seedlings that fall into the furrows and providing a stable foundation for their growth.

[0049] During actual operation, it is necessary to precisely control the distance between the backfill turntable 2-2 and the tip of the furrowing plow 2-1 in order to adjust the speed of backfilling the soil. Through reasonable distance and speed control, it can be ensured that when the vegetable seedlings fall into the planting ditch, they can be tilted and lie down on the soil to be backfilled just right, that is, the roots of the vegetable seedlings fall into the planting ditch, and the stems of the plants lie down on the soil to be backfilled. Since the backfill soil is pushed forward from the back to the front, the vegetable seedlings that have fallen backwards can be gradually straightened during the advancement process, and the roots of the vegetable seedlings can be buried smoothly to complete the planting operation. During the entire transplanting process, since there is no need to clamp the vegetable seedlings, the problem of damage to the vegetable seedlings that may be caused by clamping is effectively avoided, thereby greatly improving the survival rate of the vegetable seedlings and providing a strong guarantee for the subsequent growth and development of vegetables.

[0050] To further improve backfilling efficiency and planting quality, backfilling wheels 2-4 are installed on the outside of both backfilling discs 2-2. The backfilling wheels 2-4 generate friction with the ground. As the tractor moves forward, the backfilling wheels 2-4 drive the backfilling discs 2-2 to rotate, thereby achieving continuous backfilling of the soil, ensuring that the soil in the planting trench is densely filled and providing good support and protection for the roots of the vegetable seedlings.

[0051] Furthermore, the rear side of the support 2-3 is connected to two pressing wheels 2-6 via a connecting frame 2-5, which rotates in an inclined manner. The main function of the pressing wheels 2-6 is to compact the soil on both sides of the vegetable seedlings, thereby ensuring the compactness of the vegetable seedlings and enhancing their resistance to lodging. Furthermore, a water pipe is installed inside the tip of the furrowing plow 2-1. This pipe can deliver water to the created planting furrows, maintaining an appropriate moisture content within the furrows, creating a good growth environment for the vegetable seedlings, further improving their survival rate, and laying a solid foundation for stable and high vegetable yields. Example 4

[0052] Combined with attachment Figures 7 to 8As shown, a vegetable transplanter, based on any one of the embodiments 1 to 3, this embodiment has carried out the following structural optimization: a movable frame 9 is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body 1, and the transplanting mechanism is installed on the movable frame 9. The movable frame 9 is connected to the vehicle body 1 in an adjustable height through a lifting and adjusting mechanism. The lifting and adjusting mechanism mainly includes a screw 10 rotatably connected to the movable frame 9 and a nut 11 fastened to the vehicle body 1, and the screw 10 and the nut 11 are connected by a threaded connection. In actual operation, the height position of the movable frame 9 can be accurately adjusted by screwing the screw 10. In this way, the height of the movable frame 9 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual planting depth requirements of the vegetable seedlings, thereby changing the furrowing depth of the furrowing plow 2-1, so as to better meet the diverse needs of different vegetable seedlings for planting depths and improve the versatility and adaptability of the transplanter.

[0053] At the same time, a multi-layered rack 12 is designed and installed above the vehicle body 1 corresponding to the position of the transplanting mechanism. The rack 12 is specifically used to place the seedling trays 5. The multi-layered structural design can fully utilize the space and increase the number of seedling trays 5 that can be carried in one transplanting operation, thereby effectively improving the operation efficiency, reducing the number of stops for tray replacement during the transplanting process, and reducing labor intensity. It provides a more efficient mechanized transplanting solution for large-scale vegetable cultivation and helps promote the modernization of the vegetable cultivation industry.

[0054] The parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are prior art. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements are intended to be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A vegetable transplanter, characterized in that: include: A vehicle body (1) mounted on the rear of the tractor; A plurality of transplanting mechanisms are installed on the rear side of the vehicle body (1); The transplanting mechanism comprises: A planting device (2) is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body (1) and is used to dig a trench and backfill soil into the trench to bury the roots of transplanted vegetable seedlings; A seedling conveyor belt (3), which is installed above the planting device (2) and is used to convey the vegetable seedlings one by one to the planting device (2); A chain conveyor (4), the unloading end of which is arranged above the seedling conveyor belt (3), the conveying direction is perpendicular to the seedling conveyor belt (3), and the conveying surface is composed of a plurality of connecting rods arranged at intervals; A seedling tray (5) is placed on the conveying surface of the chain conveyor (4) and includes a plurality of seedling holes, each of which can enter the gap between two adjacent connecting rods of the chain conveyor (4) and has a through hole at the bottom; a partition (6) mounted on the discharge end of the chain conveyor (4) and provided with a plurality of partitions for separating each row of seedling holes on the seedling tray (5); a blocking rod (8) is provided between two adjacent partitions (6); an arc-shaped guide groove is provided at one end of the partition (6) corresponding to the chain conveyor (4), so that the seedling tray (5) can be fitted with the discharge end of the chain conveyor (4); A separation device (7) is provided in the chain conveyor device (4) and is used to push the vegetable seedlings from the seedling holes to the seedling conveyor belt (3) when the vegetable seedlings on the seedling tray (5) are turned to a horizontal state.

2. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: The separation device (7) comprises: A fixed frame (7-1) which is correspondingly and firmly connected to the frame of the chain conveyor (4); a plurality of pushing mechanisms arranged at intervals along the fixing frame (7-1); A telescopic cylinder (7-10) is mounted on the fixed frame (7-1) and is used to drive the pushing mechanism; The pushing mechanism comprises: A fixed tube (7-2), one end of which is correspondingly and firmly connected to the fixed frame (7-1); An air pipe (7-3), one end of which is connected to the fixed pipe (7-2) and the other end of which is connected to the air cylinder; A movable sleeve (7-4) is provided on the fixed tube (7-2) and is correspondingly connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder (7-10), and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction on one end of the sleeve body facing away from the trachea (7-3); A thimble (7-5) is provided at one end of the movable sleeve (7-4) away from the fixed frame (7-1) and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the movable sleeve (7-4); when the thimble is inserted into the corresponding port of the fixed tube (7-2), it can close the fixed tube (7-2); when the movable sleeve (7-4) drives the thimble (7-5) to extend into the through hole of the seedling hole, it can push the vegetable seedlings, thereby generating a cavity between the vegetable seedlings and the bottom of the seedling hole; at the same time, the thimble (7-5) is separated from the fixed tube (7-2), and the gas in the gas cylinder is ejected from the fixed tube (7-2), and the gas enters the cavity between the vegetable seedlings and the bottom of the seedling hole, blowing the vegetable seedlings out, and causing the vegetable seedlings to flip under the action of the blocking rod (8); A hollow bracket (7-6) is installed between the outer wall of the ejector pin (7-5) and the movable sleeve (7-4) and is used to fix the ejector pin (7-5).

3. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable sleeve (7-4) is connected to the telescopic cylinder (7-10) via a connecting plate (7-7).

4. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 2, wherein: One end of the hollow bracket (7-6) facing away from the ejector pin (7-5) is fastened to a guide head (7-8), and both ends of the guide head (7-8) are in a pointed cone structure.

5. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 2, wherein: A sealing ring (7-9) is provided at one end of the fixed tube (7-2) corresponding to the ejector pin (7-5), and between the fixed tube (7-2) and the movable sleeve (7-4).

6. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: The planting device (2) comprises: A furrowing plow (2-1) having a triangular structure, with both the top and the bottom open, and the top of the tip being fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1); A bracket (2-3) is mounted on the vehicle body (1), one end of which extends into the large end of the furrowing plow (2-1); The two backfill turntables (2-2) are symmetrically arranged and are both rotatably connected to the bracket (2-3); the two backfill turntables (2-2) are tilted so that the two backfill turntables (2-2) backfill soil into the ditch when the vehicle body (1) moves, thereby burying the roots of the vegetable seedlings that fall into the ditch; The backfill wheels (2-4) are two symmetrically arranged; the two backfill wheels (2-3) are respectively connected to the two backfill turntables (2-2); the backfill wheels (2-3) rub against the ground, thereby driving the backfill turntables (2-2) to rotate.

7. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear side of the support (2-3) is connected to two pressing wheels (2-6) via a connecting frame (2-5) in an inclined and rotatable manner. The pressing wheels (2-6) are used to crush the soil on both sides of the vegetable seedlings.

8. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 6, wherein: A water pipe is provided at the tip of the furrowing plow (2-1) for watering the dug furrow.

9. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: A movable frame (9) is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body (1), and the transplanting mechanism is mounted on the movable frame (9); the movable frame (9) is connected to the vehicle body (1) in an adjustable manner via a lifting and lowering mechanism; the lifting and lowering mechanism comprises a lead screw (10) rotatably connected to the movable frame (9) and a nut (11) fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1); the lead screw (10) and the nut (11) are correspondingly threadedly connected, and the height of the movable frame (9) is adjusted by screwing the lead screw (10).

10. The vegetable transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: A multi-layered storage rack (12) for placing the seedling tray (5) is provided above the vehicle body (1) corresponding to the transplanting mechanism.

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