Fertilizer applicator with controllable fertilization depth and fertilization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizing machine with controllable fertilizing depth and a fertilizing method. The fertilizing machine comprises a vehicle body; the fertilizer discharging assembly comprises a fertilizer discharging part arranged on the vehicle body, a material containing hopper arranged above the fertilizer discharging part in a communicating manner and a fertilizer discharging pipe arranged below the fertilizer discharging part in a communicating manner; the ditching cutter is driven by the electric push rod to move up and down, an operator can adjust the elongation of the electric push rod according to different crop and soil conditions, accurately control the soil penetration depth of the ditching cutter and flexibly adjust the fertilization depth, and diversified fertilization requirements are met; the gas injection assembly applies pressure gas to the fertilizer to assist the fertilizer in overcoming gravity and friction force in the conveying process, so that the fertilizer enters the groove more smoothly through the fertilizer discharging pipe, the fertilizer is effectively prevented from being blocked in the fertilizer discharging pipe, and the continuity and stability of the fertilization operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilization, and in particular to a fertilizer applicator with controllable fertilization depth and a fertilization method. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production systems, rational fertilization is a key component in improving soil fertility and ensuring healthy crop growth. Precision fertilization provides sufficient and appropriate nutrients for crop growth, effectively promoting crop growth and development, significantly increasing crop yield and quality, and generating higher economic returns for farmers. As an indispensable piece of equipment in agricultural production, fertilization devices fulfill the critical task of precisely delivering fertilizer to farmland and crops.

[0003] However, different types of crops have significant differences in their nutrient requirements during growth, and the required fertilizer application depths are also different. For example, deep-rooted crops with well-developed root systems require fertilizer to be applied in deeper soil layers to meet their root system's nutrient absorption needs; while crops with relatively shallow root systems require fertilization at a shallower depth. However, existing fertilization devices generally have obvious defects. Their fertilization depth is mostly fixed and lacks an effective adjustment mechanism, making it difficult to meet the diverse growth needs of various crops. Therefore, a fertilizer applicator and fertilization method with controllable fertilization depth are proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] Fertilizer spreader with controlled fertilizing depth, including:

[0006] vehicle body;

[0007] A fertilizer discharging assembly comprises a fertilizer discharging member disposed on the vehicle body, a hopper disposed above the fertilizer discharging member in communication with the fertilizer discharging member, and a fertilizer discharging pipe disposed below the fertilizer discharging member in communication with the fertilizer discharging member;

[0008] A trenching assembly includes an electric push rod mounted on the vehicle body, a mounting plate fixedly mounted on the bottom of the electric push rod, and a trenching knife fixedly mounted below the mounting plate, wherein the fertilizer lowering pipe sequentially passes through the mounting plate and the trenching knife and extends into the interior of the trenching knife;

[0009] A gas injection assembly, the gas injection assembly comprising a gas outlet pipe connected to the lower fertilizer pipe;

[0010] Among them, the electric push rod is started, so that the electric push rod drives the furrowing knife to move up and down through the mounting plate, thereby adjusting the fertilization depth.

[0011] As an improvement to the above technical solution, a driving shaft 1 is rotatably inserted in the material containing hopper, and a plurality of groups of crushing rods are fixedly provided on the surface of the driving shaft 1.

[0012] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the fertilizer discharge part includes a box body fixedly arranged on the vehicle body, a drive shaft 2 rotatably inserted in the box body, and multiple groups of baffles fixedly arranged on the surface of the drive shaft 2. The end of the baffle away from the drive shaft 2 is in contact with the inner wall of the box body, and two adjacent groups of baffles form a placement area. A transmission belt 1 is provided between the drive shaft 2 and the drive shaft 1.

[0013] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the gas injection assembly includes an expansion tube arranged on the vehicle body, a fixed tube connected to and arranged above the expansion tube, a movable tube movably arranged in the fixed tube, a plurality of through holes opened on the side wall of the movable tube and close to one end of the bottom, and a spring fixed between the top of the movable tube and the top of the inner wall of the fixed tube; the top of the movable tube is connected to and provided with an air intake pipe for one-way flow.

[0014] As an improvement of the above technical solution, the side wall of the hopper is fixedly connected to a mounting frame with an open top, a rotating shaft is rotatably inserted in the mounting frame, a plurality of fan blades are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft, the bottom of the mounting frame is connected to the end of the air intake pipe, a driven wheel is fixedly sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft, and a driving wheel meshing with the driven wheel is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the drive shaft.

[0015] As an improvement of the above technical solution, a driving member is also included, which includes a motor fixedly installed on the side wall of the hopper and a transmission belt 2 connected between the output end of the motor and the driving shaft 1.

[0016] A fertilizing method with controllable fertilizing depth, using the above-mentioned fertilizing machine with controllable fertilizing depth,

[0017] The following steps are included:

[0018] S1: The hopper stores fertilizer, and the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge part under the action of gravity;

[0019] S2: The fertilizer discharging unit measures and controls the fertilizer so that it enters the fertilizer discharging pipe according to the set amount, and the fertilizer discharging pipe transports the fertilizer to the trenching assembly;

[0020] S3: The electric push rod starts and drives the trenching knife to move up and down through the mounting plate to control the depth of the trenching knife into the soil to meet different fertilization depth requirements;

[0021] S4: After the trenching knife has opened the trench, the fertilizer directly enters the trench through the fertilizer pipe to complete the fertilization. During the fertilization process, a certain pressure of gas is applied to the fertilizer to assist in fertilizer transportation.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The electric push rod drives the furrowing blade to move up and down. The operator can adjust the extension of the electric push rod according to different crops and soil conditions to accurately control the depth of the furrowing blade into the soil and flexibly adjust the fertilization depth to meet diverse fertilization needs;

[0024] The gas injection component applies pressurized gas to the fertilizer, helping it overcome gravity and friction during transportation, allowing the fertilizer to pass through the fertilizer pipe more smoothly into the groove, effectively preventing fertilizer from being blocked in the fertilizer pipe and ensuring the continuity and stability of the fertilization operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the fertilizer discharge member of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the gas injection assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0029] Figure numerals: 10, vehicle body; 20, material hopper; 21, driving shaft 1; 22, crushing rod; 23, fertilizer discharge part; 231, box body; 232, driving shaft 2; 233, baffle; 24, fertilizer discharge pipe; 25, driving wheel; 30, air injection assembly; 31, fixed pipe; 311, expansion pipe; 32, movable pipe; 321, through hole; 33, spring; 34, air intake pipe; 35, mounting frame; 36, fan blade; 37, rotating shaft; 38, driven wheel; 40, electric push rod; 41, mounting plate; 42, trenching knife. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilizing depth comprises: a vehicle body 10;

[0033] The fertilizer discharging assembly includes a fertilizer discharging member 23 provided on the vehicle body 10 , a hopper 20 provided above the fertilizer discharging member 23 , and a fertilizer discharging pipe 24 provided below the fertilizer discharging member 23 ;

[0034] The trenching assembly includes an electric push rod 40 provided on the vehicle body 10, a mounting plate 41 fixedly provided at the bottom of the electric push rod 40, and a trenching knife 42 fixedly provided below the mounting plate 41. The fertilizer pipe 24 sequentially passes through the mounting plate 41 and the trenching knife 42 and extends into the trenching knife 42.

[0035] A gas injection assembly 30, the gas injection assembly 30 includes an air outlet pipe connected to the lower fertilizer pipe 24;

[0036] The electric push rod 40 is activated so that the electric push rod 40 drives the furrowing knife 42 to move up and down through the mounting plate 41, thereby adjusting the fertilization depth.

[0037] Specifically, the hopper 20 is used to store fertilizer, and the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge part 23 under the action of gravity. The fertilizer discharge part 23 can measure and control the fertilizer so that it enters the fertilizer pipe 24 according to the set amount, and then transports the fertilizer to the trenching component. After the electric push rod 40 is started, the electric push rod 40 drives the trenching knife 42 to move up and down through the mounting plate 41. When the electric push rod 40 is extended, the trenching knife 42 moves downward, and the cutting edge of the trenching knife 42 is used to cut the soil, thereby opening a trench on the ground. The fertilizing depth is adjusted by adjusting the extension of the electric push rod 40. The depth of the trenching knife 42 entering the soil can be controlled to adjust the fertilizing depth. After the trenching knife 42 opens the trench, the fertilizer directly enters the trench through the lower fertilizer pipe 24 to complete the fertilizing operation. During the fertilizing process, a certain pressure of gas can be applied to the fertilizer. The purpose of gas injection is to assist the transportation of the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer can enter the trench more smoothly through the lower fertilizer pipe 24 to avoid fertilizer blockage in the lower fertilizer pipe 24.

[0038] In one embodiment, a drive shaft 21 is rotatably inserted into the hopper 20, and a plurality of crushing rods 22 are fixedly provided on the surface of the drive shaft 21. When the drive shaft 21 rotates, the crushing rods 22 rotate along with the drive shaft 21 to crush the lumpy fertilizer in the hopper 20, thereby preventing the fertilizer from clumping and ensuring that the fertilizer can smoothly enter the fertilizer discharge part 23 for fertilization.

[0039] In one embodiment, the fertilizer discharge part includes a box body 231 fixedly arranged on the vehicle body 10, a driving shaft 232 rotatably inserted in the box body 231, and a plurality of baffles 233 fixedly arranged on the surface of the driving shaft 232, the end of the baffle 233 away from the driving shaft 232 is in contact with the inner wall of the box body 231, and two adjacent groups of baffles 233 form a placement area, and a transmission belt 1 is connected between the driving shaft 232 and the driving shaft 1 21. The fertilizer in the hopper 20 enters the box body 231 under the action of gravity, and the fertilizer will fall into these placement areas. When the driving shaft 1 21 rotates, the driving shaft 232 is driven to rotate by the transmission belt 1, and the rotation of the driving shaft 232 causes the baffle 233 to rotate. 33 rotates accordingly, thereby driving the fertilizer in the placement area to move. As the baffle 233 rotates, the fertilizer is transported to the bottom of the box body 231 in turn, and the fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the box body 231 and enters the lower fertilizer pipe 24. The discharged fertilizer is transported to the trenching component through the lower fertilizer pipe 24, corresponding to the groove opened by the trenching knife 42, and the fertilizer falls into the groove to complete the fertilization operation. This fertilizer discharge part realizes the quantitative discharge of fertilizer through the rotation of the baffle 233 and the design of the placement area, and cooperates with the overall fertilizer spreader structure to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of fertilization. At the same time, it is connected to the drive shaft 21, so that the fertilizer discharge action is coordinated with other actions such as fertilizer crushing, thereby improving the working efficiency and fertilization quality of the fertilizer spreader.

[0040] In one embodiment, the gas injection assembly includes an expansion tube 311 provided on the vehicle body 10, a fixed tube 31 connected and arranged above the expansion tube 311, a movable tube 32 movably arranged in the fixed tube 31, a plurality of through holes 321 opened on the side wall of the movable tube 32 and close to one end of the bottom, and a spring 33 fixedly arranged between the top of the movable tube 32 and the top of the inner wall of the fixed tube 31. The top of the movable tube 32 is connected and provided with a unidirectional flow intake pipe 34. The gas enters the movable tube 32 through the intake pipe 34. The unidirectional flow design of the intake pipe ensures that the gas can only enter in one direction, avoids gas backflow, and ensures the stability of gas injection. In the initial state, the through hole 321 is in the fixed tube 31. At this time, the through hole 321 is in a closed state. The gas is temporarily stored in the movable tube 32. As the gas continues to enter The gas in the movable tube 32 gradually increases. When the pressure exceeds the elastic force of the spring 33, the gas pressure pushes the movable tube 32 downward. When the movable tube 32 moves down to the position of the expansion tube 311, the through hole 321 opens, and the gas in the movable tube 32 quickly enters the expansion tube 311 through the through hole 321. Subsequently, the gas further enters the lower fertilizer pipe 24 from the expansion tube 311, exerting pressure on the fertilizer in the pipe. When the gas in the movable tube 32 is discharged, the pressure decreases. Under the elastic force of the spring 33, the movable tube 32 moves upward and resets, and the through hole 321 is reclosed, waiting for the next gas injection. The cycle works in this way. The intermittent gas injection can produce intermittent pressure changes during the fertilizer transportation process, thereby avoiding accumulation and agglomeration of fertilizer in the lower fertilizer pipe 24, effectively preventing fertilizer from clogging the lower fertilizer pipe 24, and ensuring smooth fertilization.

[0041] In one embodiment, the side wall of the hopper 20 is fixedly connected to a mounting frame 35 with an opening at the top, a rotating shaft 37 is rotatably inserted in the mounting frame 35, a plurality of fan blades 36 are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 37, the bottom of the mounting frame 35 is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe 34, a driven wheel 38 is fixedly sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft 37, and a driving wheel 25 meshing with the driven wheel 38 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft 21. When the driving shaft 21 rotates, the driving wheel 25 fixedly sleeved on the surface rotates accordingly. Since the driving wheel 25 meshes with the driven wheel 38, the driven wheel 38 will be driven to rotate, thereby rotating the rotating shaft 37. The plurality of fan blades 36 fixed on the surface of the rotating shaft 37 rotates with the rotating shaft 37, drawing the airflow into the air inlet pipe 34. As the airflow continues to enter, the moving The gas pressure in the tube 32 gradually increases. When the pressure exceeds the elastic force of the spring 33, the movable tube 32 is pushed to overcome the elastic force of the spring 33 and move downward until the through hole 321 moves to the position of the expansion tube 311 and opens. The gas enters the expansion tube 311 through the through hole 321 and then enters the fertilizer pipe 24, exerting pressure on the fertilizer to assist in transportation, completing a gas injection process. When the gas pressure in the movable tube 32 decreases, the spring 33 pushes the movable tube 32 to reset, and the through hole 321 is closed, waiting for the next round of gas injection. This structure cooperates closely with other components of the fertilizer spreader. The rotation of the drive shaft 21 not only drives the crushing rod 22 to crush the fertilizer, but also drives the fan blades 36 to generate airflow. The fertilizer crushing, gas generation and gas injection, fertilizer transportation and other links work together. When the fertilizer spreader starts to fertilize, the various components work synchronously to ensure a stable fertilization process.

[0042] In one embodiment, a driving member is further included, comprising a motor fixedly mounted on the side wall of the hopper 20 and a second transmission belt connected between the output end of the motor and the drive shaft 1 21. After the motor is started, its output end drives the drive shaft 1 21 to rotate via the second transmission belt. The rotation of the drive shaft 1 21 triggers the following chain reaction:

[0043] Fertilizer crushing: The crushing rods 22 on the surface of the driving shaft 21 rotate accordingly, crushing the fertilizer in the hopper 20 to prevent agglomeration;

[0044] Fertilizer discharge control: The driving shaft 1 21 drives the driving shaft 2 232 to rotate through the transmission belt 1, and the blocking piece 233 on the surface of the driving shaft 232 discharges the fertilizer from the box body 231 to the lower fertilizer pipe 24 in a quantitative manner;

[0045] Gas generation: The driving wheel 25 on the drive shaft 1 21 drives the driven wheel 38, causing the rotating shaft 37 and the fan blades 36 to rotate, generating airflow in the mounting frame 35, which is then injected into the moving tube 32 through the air inlet pipe 34;

[0046] Intermittent gas injection: When the air pressure in the movable tube 32 reaches the threshold, it is pushed downward, the through hole 321 opens, and the gas enters the expansion tube 311 and the fertilizer lowering pipe 24 to assist in fertilizer transportation; after the air pressure drops, the spring 33 moves the movable tube 32 back to its original position, completing a gas injection cycle.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A fertilization method with controllable fertilization depth, using the fertilization machine with controllable fertilization depth described in Example 1, comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1: The hopper 20 stores fertilizer, and the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge unit 23 under the action of gravity;

[0050] S2: The fertilizer discharge unit 23 measures and controls the fertilizer so that the fertilizer enters the fertilizer lower pipe 24 according to the set amount, and the fertilizer lower pipe 24 transports the fertilizer to the trenching assembly;

[0051] S3: The electric push rod 40 is started, and the trenching blade 42 is driven to move up and down through the mounting plate 41 to control the depth of the trenching blade 42 into the soil to meet different fertilization depth requirements;

[0052] S4: After the trenching knife 42 has opened the trench, the fertilizer directly enters the trench through the fertilizer pipe 24 to complete the fertilization. During the fertilization process, a certain pressure of gas is applied to the fertilizer to assist in fertilizer transportation.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same.

Claims

1. A fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth, characterized in that: include: Vehicle body (10); A fertilizer discharge assembly comprises a fertilizer discharge part (23) arranged on the vehicle body (10), a hopper (20) arranged above the fertilizer discharge part (23) and a fertilizer discharge pipe (24) arranged below the fertilizer discharge part (23); A trenching assembly comprises an electric push rod (40) arranged on the vehicle body (10), a mounting plate (41) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the electric push rod (40), and a trenching knife (42) fixedly arranged below the mounting plate (41); the lower fertilizer pipe (24) sequentially passes through the mounting plate (41) and the trenching knife (42) and extends into the interior of the trenching knife (42); An air injection assembly (30), the air injection assembly (30) comprising an air outlet pipe connected to the lower fertilizer pipe (24); The electric push rod (40) is started, so that the electric push rod (40) drives the furrowing knife (42) to move up and down through the mounting plate (41), thereby adjusting the fertilization depth.

2. The fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving shaft (21) is rotatably inserted into the material hopper (20), and a plurality of groups of crushing rods (22) are fixedly provided on the surface of the driving shaft (21).

3. The fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharge part comprises a box body (231) fixedly arranged on the vehicle body (10), a second drive shaft (232) rotatably inserted into the box body (231), and a plurality of groups of baffles (233) fixedly arranged on the surface of the second drive shaft (232), wherein one end of the baffle (233) away from the second drive shaft (232) is in contact with the inner wall of the box body (231), and two adjacent groups of the baffles (233) form a placement area, and a transmission belt (1) is provided between the second drive shaft (232) and the first drive shaft (21).

4. The fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas injection assembly comprises an expansion tube (311) arranged on the vehicle body (10), a fixed tube (31) connected and arranged above the expansion tube (311), a movable tube (32) movably arranged in the fixed tube (31), a plurality of through holes (321) opened on the side wall of the movable tube (32) and close to one end of the bottom, and a spring (33) fixedly arranged between the top of the movable tube (32) and the top of the inner wall of the fixed tube (31); and a one-way air intake pipe (34) is connected and arranged at the top of the movable tube (32).

5. The fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the material hopper (20) is fixedly connected to a mounting frame (35) with an open top, a rotating shaft (37) is rotatably inserted in the mounting frame (35), a plurality of fan blades (36) are fixedly provided on the surface of the rotating shaft (37), the bottom of the mounting frame (35) is communicated with the end of the air inlet pipe (34), a driven wheel (38) is fixedly sleeved on the top of the rotating shaft (37), and a driving wheel (25) meshing with the driven wheel (38) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft (21).

6. The fertilizer spreader with controllable fertilization depth according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a driving member, which includes a motor fixedly mounted on the side wall of the hopper (20) and a transmission belt 2 connected between the output end of the motor and the driving shaft 1 (21).

7. A fertilization method with controllable fertilization depth, comprising: The following steps are included: S1: The hopper (20) stores fertilizer, and the fertilizer enters the fertilizer discharge part (23) under the action of gravity; S2: The fertilizer discharging member (23) measures and controls the fertilizer so that the fertilizer enters the fertilizer lower pipe (24) according to the set amount, and the fertilizer lower pipe (24) transports the fertilizer to the trenching assembly; S3: The electric push rod (40) is started, and the trenching knife (42) is driven to move up and down through the mounting plate (41), and the depth of the trenching knife (42) into the soil is controlled to meet different fertilization depth requirements; S4: After the trenching knife (42) has opened the trench, the fertilizer directly enters the trench through the fertilizer pipe (24) to complete the fertilization. During the fertilization process, a certain pressure of gas is applied to the fertilizer to assist in the transportation of the fertilizer.

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