Refractory mineral flotation process and flotation equipment

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of flotation, and provides a flotation process and flotation equipment for refractory minerals, which comprises a flotation column body, an annular frame is arranged at the top of the flotation column body, a spraying assembly is arranged in the annular frame, the spraying assembly comprises a conveying shell, and a spraying pipe is arranged between the outer surface of the conveying shell and the inner ring of the annular frame. The outer surface of the spraying pipe is rotationally sleeved with a rotating ring, spraying holes are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the rotating ring correspondingly, a communicating hole is formed in the bottom wall of the spraying pipe, a triggering assembly is arranged in the spraying pipe, a driving assembly is arranged in the spraying pipe, and a collecting assembly is arranged on the upper side of the spraying pipe. After the spraying holes in the bottom are blocked, the spraying holes with the blocked bottoms can be automatically replaced by the spraying holes which are not blocked, the problems that the water outlet flow of the spraying holes is different and the sprayed water is lack of continuity are solved as much as possible, spraying is uniform, and gangue minerals carried in foam are effectively washed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of flotation technology, and more particularly to a flotation process and equipment for refractory minerals. Background Art

[0002] Flotation is an important method for the efficient separation of refractory minerals. The flotation column is a high-efficiency, low-consumption mineral processing equipment widely used for the flotation of refractory minerals. At the same time, the spray water system is an important device used in each flotation column. Its function is to wash away the mechanically entrained impurities in the foam layer to achieve secondary enrichment, improve the concentrate grade, and ensure high-efficiency and high-quality product quality. The structure of the flotation column spray water system determines the spraying method and spraying effect.

[0003] The current flotation column spray water system mainly includes a main water pipe with a truss at the central axis position of the cross-section at the top of the flotation column, and multiple branch pipes arranged on both sides of the main water pipe and perpendicular to the main water pipe. Several spray holes are evenly distributed on the branch pipes at a certain interval. The spray water flows out of the spray holes and falls freely in an arc to the foam layer under the action of gravity.

[0004] The existing device has the following main defects: affected by the water quality at the production site, impurities are easily precipitated in the water pipe after a period of use, resulting in uneven water flow rates at the spray holes, lack of continuity in the spray water, and uneven spraying. The gangue minerals entrained in the foam cannot be effectively washed away, affecting the grade of the concentrate. If the cleaning is not timely, the spray holes will be severely blocked and unable to discharge water, affecting the flotation effect of difficult-to-select minerals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a flotation process and flotation equipment for refractory minerals, which can spray evenly and effectively flush the gangue minerals entrained in the foam.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A flotation process and flotation equipment for difficult-to-select minerals, including a flotation column, a ring frame is provided on the top of the flotation column, a spray assembly is provided in the ring frame, the spray assembly includes a conveying shell, the conveying shell is located at the center of the ring frame, a plurality of spray pipes arranged in a circular array are provided between the outer surface of the conveying shell and the inner ring of the ring frame, the spray pipes are connected to the interior of the conveying shell, a plurality of laterally arranged rotating rings are provided on the outer surface of the spray pipe, spray holes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the rotating rings, a plurality of connecting holes connected to the spray holes are provided on the bottom wall of the spray pipe, a plurality of triggering components for detecting blockage of the bottom spray holes are provided in the spray pipe, a plurality of driving components for controlling the rotation of the rotating rings are provided in the spray pipe, and a collecting component is provided on the upper side of the spray pipe.

[0007] The present invention is further configured as follows: the outer surface of the flotation column is provided with an injection component for injecting slurry into the flotation column, the outer surface of the flotation column is provided with a microbubble generating component, the top outer surface of the flotation column is provided with a concentrate trough, and the bottom of the flotation column is provided with a tailings pipe.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the trigger assembly includes a top block, which is arranged on the top wall of the spray pipe, a movable rod is arranged on the lower side of the top block, the lower end of the movable rod extends into the connecting hole, and a trigger plate is arranged at the lower end of the movable rod. The connecting hole is shaped like an inverted cone, and a transmission cavity extending to the top of the spray pipe is opened in the top block. The upper end of the movable rod slides into the transmission cavity, and a first transmission plate is arranged at the upper end of the movable rod. A spring movably sleeved on the outer surface of the movable rod is arranged between the lower surface of the first transmission plate and the bottom wall of the transmission cavity.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the drive assembly includes a built-in shell, which is arranged on the inner wall of the spray pipe near the rotating ring, and is provided with fan blades. The lower surface of the fan blades is provided with a gear shaft, and the lower end of the gear shaft rotates and passes through the built-in shell, and a sleeve plate is provided on the inner wall of the built-in shell, and a sleeve shaft is rotatably sleeved on the sleeve plate, and two bevel gears that are meshed with each other are provided at one end of the sleeve shaft adjacent to the gear shaft.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a groove is provided on the outer surface of the spray pipe near the rotating ring, a driving gear is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the groove, an annular tooth groove is provided on the inner ring of the rotating ring, a groove extends from one side of the driving gear and is meshed with the annular tooth groove, a first worm gear is provided on the surface of the driving gear facing away from the rotating point, a first worm is meshed with the outer surface of the first worm gear, a connecting shaft is provided at one end of the first worm gear near the built-in shell, the other end of the connecting shaft rotates and passes through the built-in shell, a driving rod is slidably sleeved on the sleeve shaft toward one end of the connecting shaft, the shape of the driving rod is multi-toothed, and a driving groove that matches the outer surface of the driving rod is provided on the surface of the connecting shaft facing the driving rod.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a sleeve plate is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the driving rod, and a push rod is provided on the surface of the sleeve plate facing away from the connecting shaft, and the other end of the push rod slides through the outer surface of the built-in shell, and the push rod is located on the outer surface of the built-in shell and sleeved with a built-in plate, and a tension spring that is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod is provided between the built-in plate and the inner wall of the built-in shell, and one end of the push rod that passes through the built-in shell is close to the movable rod, and the end of the push rod close to the movable rod is hinged with a contact rod, and a torsion spring is provided between the contact rod and the hinge point of the push rod, and the torsion spring keeps the contact rod and the push rod level, and a baffle is provided on the upper surface of the push rod to prevent the contact rod from rotating upward, and a right-angled trapezoidal contact block is provided on the outer surface of the movable rod, and the other end of the contact rod contacts and slides with the inclined surface and vertical surface of the contact block.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the collecting assembly includes a collecting shell, which is arranged on the upper side of the spray pipe and installed on the outer surface of the conveying shell; a plurality of lifting blocks are provided on the lower surface of the collecting shell, and the lower side of the lifting block is arranged in an arc shape and slides in contact with the upper side of the rotating ring; the lifting block is provided with lifting grooves extending from its upper and lower surfaces respectively, and the lifting grooves are connected with the spray holes on the upper side; a contraction groove connected with the upper spray holes is provided on the outer surface of the spray pipe near the upper spray hole; a pushing plate is provided in the contraction groove; a second transmission plate is provided on the lower surface of the pushing plate; the lower side of the second transmission plate slides through the transmission cavity; a synchronous gear located between the first transmission plate and the second transmission plate is rotatably connected in the transmission cavity; the upper side of the first transmission plate is provided with vertical teeth meshing with the synchronous gear, and the lower side of the second transmission plate is provided with vertical tooth grooves meshing with the synchronous gear.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the upper side of the lifting block passes through the collecting shell and is configured in a truncated cone shape; the top wall of the collecting shell is rotatably connected to a plurality of lifting shafts; the lower end of the lifting shaft extends into the lifting groove; the outer surface of the lifting shaft located in the lifting groove is provided with an auger blade; the outer surface of the auger blade is fitted with the inner wall of the lifting groove; the outer surface of the upper end of the lifting shaft is sleeved with a second worm gear; a synchronization rod is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the opposite sides of the collecting shell; a second worm gear meshing with the second worm gear is sleeved on the surface of the synchronization rod close to the second worm gear; and a driving device for controlling the rotation of the synchronization rod is provided on the outer surface of the collecting shell.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as follows: the bottom wall of the collection shell is configured as an inclined surface, an extension groove is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface at the bottom of the collection shell, and a drawer is provided on the outside of the collection shell and slides through the extension groove.

[0015] A flotation process for refractory minerals, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of refractory minerals: grinding to 75% to 85% of 200 mesh using a ball mill or vertical mill to achieve mineral monomer dissociation; S2, classification treatment, the minerals ground in S1 are screened through high-frequency fine screening to control the particle size and avoid over-grinding; S3. Preparation of flotation reagents: sodium hexametaphosphate inhibitor, oleic acid collector, pH regulator, and activator. The amount of sodium carbonate is adjusted according to actual conditions: 0.2-0.5 kg / t sodium hexametaphosphate, 0.5-1.5 kg / t oleic acid, 1-3 kg / t sodium carbonate (pH value 8-10), and 0.1-0.3 kg / t aluminum sulfate. S3, slurry preparation, pouring the mineral inhibitor, collector and pH adjuster into a stirring device for stirring to obtain slurry; S4, flotation treatment, the grouting pump of the injection component extracts the slurry in the slurry storage tank and transports it to the flotation column through the grouting pipe. At this time, the microbubble generating component inhales air and foaming agent, mixes and crushes the bubbles, and releases a large number of microbubbles through pressure. After the microbubbles enter the cyclone section of the built-in nozzle along the tangent line, they quickly enter the column under the simultaneous action of centrifugal force and buoyancy. The slurry slowly descends under the action of gravity, and the bubbles slowly rise from bottom to top, and continuously meet the useful minerals to be selected in the slurry in the column. In the convection movement, due to the action of the reagent, the minerals to be selected are attached to the surface of the rising bubbles, forming a mineralized foam layer on the upper part of the column. The spray component on the top sprays water to wash the hydrophilic particles mixed in the machinery to improve the grade of the concentrate. After washing, the foam layer overflows into the concentrate tank, and the unmineralized tailings particles swirl into the tailings pipe under the action of centrifugal force and are discharged, thus completing the flotation of the minerals.

[0016] The advantages of the present invention are: First, the present invention provides a trigger component and a drive component, which can automatically replace the blocked spray hole with an unblocked spray hole after the bottom spray hole is blocked, thereby avoiding as much as possible the problems of uneven water flow rates from the spray holes and lack of continuity in the spray water, making the spraying uniform, ensuring the effective flushing of gangue minerals entrained in the foam, and ensuring the grade of the concentrate.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention provides a collection component, which can automatically clear the blocked spray holes after the rotating ring rotates, ensuring the use effect of replacing the spray holes in the future. At the same time, the impurities after clearing can be collected and will not fall into the flotation column to affect the mineral flotation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a flotation process and flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a front plan view of the internal structure of the spray pipe, rotating ring and collection shell of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 It is a side plan view of the internal structure of the spray pipe of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving rod of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 9 It is a side plan view of the internal structure of the collection shell of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Flotation column; 2. Injection assembly; 3. Microbubble generating assembly; 4. Concentrate tank; 5. Ring frame; 6. Spray assembly; 61. Conveying housing; 62. Spray pipe; 63. Rotating ring; 631. Spray hole; 632. Connecting hole; 633. Trigger assembly; 6331. Movable rod; 6332. Trigger plate; 6333. Ejector block; 6334. Transmission chamber; 6335. First transmission plate; 6336. Second transmission plate; 6337. Synchronous gear; 6338. Contraction groove; 6339. Push plate; 63310. Spring; 64. Collection housing; 641. Lifting block; 642. Lifting slot; 643. Lifting shaft; 644. Auger blade; 645. Second worm gear; 646. Synchronizing rod; 647. Second worm gear; 648. Driving device; 649. Extension slot; 6410. Drawer; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Groove; 72. Drive gear; 73. Annular tooth groove; 74. First worm gear; 75. First worm; 76. Connecting shaft; 77. Built-in housing; 78. Fan blade; 79. Gear shaft; 710. Bevel gear; 711. Mounting plate; 712. Sleeve shaft; 713. Drive rod; 714. Sleeve plate; 715. Push rod; 716. Built-in plate; 717. Tension spring; 718. Drive groove; 719. Contact rod; 720. Baffle; 721. Contact block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Specifically, it refers to a flotation equipment for refractory minerals, including a flotation column 1. The outer surface of the flotation column 1 is provided with an injection component 2 for injecting refractory mineral slurry into the flotation column 1. The injection component 2 is composed of an existing grouting pump, a grouting pipe and other structures. The outer surface of the flotation column 1 is provided with a microbubble generating component 3. The microbubble generating component 3 is an existing microbubble generator. The top outer surface of the flotation column 1 is provided with a concentrate trough 4. The bottom of the flotation column 1 is provided with a tailings pipe. The top of the flotation column 1 is provided with an annular frame 5, and a spray component 6 is provided in the annular frame 5.

[0021] During use, the refractory mineral slurry in the slurry storage tank is extracted by the grouting pump of the injection component 2 and transported to the flotation column 1 through the grouting pipe. At this time, the microbubble generating component 3 inhales air and foaming agent, mixes and crushes the bubbles, and releases a large number of microbubbles by pressure. After the microbubbles enter the cyclone section of the built-in nozzle along the tangent line, they quickly enter the flotation column 1 under the simultaneous action of centrifugal force and buoyancy. The slurry slowly descends under the action of gravity, and the bubbles slowly rise from bottom to top, constantly meeting the useful minerals to be selected in the slurry in the column. During the convection movement, due to the action of the reagent, the minerals to be selected adhere to the surface of the rising bubbles, forming a mineralized foam layer on the upper part of the column. The spray component 6 on the top sprays water to flush the hydrophilic particles mixed by the machinery, thereby improving the grade of the concentrate. The foam layer after flushing overflows into the concentrate tank 4, and the unmineralized tailings particles swirl into the tailings pipe under the action of centrifugal force and are discharged, thereby completing the flotation of the mineral.

[0022] See also Figure 1-3 The spray assembly 6 includes a conveying shell 61, which is located at the center of the annular frame 5. A water supply pipe is provided on the top of the conveying shell 61, and the other end of the water supply pipe is connected to the water supply pump. Therefore, spray water can be transported to the conveying shell 61 through the water supply pump. A plurality of spray pipes 62 arranged in a circular array are provided between the outer surface of the conveying shell 61 and the inner ring of the annular frame 5. The spray pipes 62 are connected to the interior of the conveying shell 61. A plurality of laterally arranged rotating rings 63 are rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the spray pipe 62. Spray holes 631 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the rotating ring 63. A plurality of connecting holes 632 connected to the spray holes 631 are provided at the bottom of the spray pipe 62.

[0023] During use, the spray water in the conveying shell 61 flows into the spray pipe 62. Since the connecting hole 632 at the bottom is connected to the spray hole 631, the spray water entering the spray pipe 62 flows into the spray hole 631 through the connecting hole 632 and finally drips into the flotation column 1 through the spray hole 631.

[0024] See also Figure 3-4The spray pipe 62 is provided with a plurality of trigger components 633 for detecting blockage of the bottom spray hole 631. The trigger component 633 includes a top block 6333, which is provided on the top wall of the spray pipe 62. A movable rod 6331 is provided on the lower side of the top block 6333. The lower end of the movable rod 6331 extends into the connecting hole 632. A trigger plate 6332 is provided at the lower end of the movable rod 6331. The connecting hole 632 is in the shape of an inverted frustum. A hole extending to the spray pipe 632 is provided in the top block 6333. 2 transmission cavity 6334 at the top, the upper end of the movable rod 6331 slides through the transmission cavity 6334, and a first transmission plate 6335 is provided at the upper end of the movable rod 6331. A spring 63310 movably sleeved on the outer surface of the movable rod 6331 is provided between the lower surface of the first transmission plate 6335 and the bottom wall of the transmission cavity 6334. When the spring 63310 is not squeezed, it will generate a thrust on the first transmission plate 6335, so that the first transmission plate 6335 is located at the top of the transmission cavity 6334.

[0025] During use, when the spray water in the spray pipe 62 flows through the connecting hole 632 to the spray hole 631, since the connecting hole 632 is in the shape of an inverted frustum, the spray water is squeezed by the inner wall of the connecting hole 632 when flowing downward, which will form a downward thrust on the trigger plate 6332 located in the connecting hole 632. At this time, the trigger plate 6332 drives the movable rod 6331 to move downward, and the first transmission plate 6335 moves downward synchronously with the movable rod 6331. At the same time, the spring 63310 is stressed and contracts. When the spray hole 631 is blocked or severely blocked, the spray water in the connecting hole 632 cannot flow downward, thereby reducing the downward thrust on the trigger plate 6332. At this time, the spring 63310 pushes the first transmission plate 6335 to move upward, and the movable rod 6331 pulls the trigger plate 6332 to move upward.

[0026] See also Figure 5-6 , a plurality of drive components 7 for controlling the rotation of the rotating ring 63 are provided in the spray pipe 62, and the drive component 7 includes a built-in shell 77, which is arranged on the inner wall of the spray pipe 62 near the rotating ring 63, and a fan blade 78 is provided on the built-in shell 77, and a gear shaft 79 is provided on the lower surface of the fan blade 78, and the lower end of the gear shaft 79 rotates and penetrates into the built-in shell 77, and a sleeve plate 714 is provided on the inner wall of the built-in shell 77. A sleeve shaft 712 is rotatably sleeved on the sleeve plate 714, and two bevel gears 710 are meshed with each other at one end of the sleeve shaft 712 adjacent to the gear shaft 79. When the spray water in the spray pipe 62 flows, the water flow will form a thrust on the blades 78, thereby driving the fan blades 78 to rotate, and the gear shaft 79 rotates synchronously with the fan blades 78, and the sleeve shaft 712 rotates under the meshing transmission of the two bevel gears 710.

[0027] See also Figure 6-7, the outer surface of the spray pipe 62 near the rotating ring 63 is provided with a groove 71, and the inner wall of the groove 71 is rotatably connected to the driving gear 72, and the inner ring of the rotating ring 63 is provided with an annular tooth groove 73, and the groove 71 extends from one side of the driving gear 72 and is meshed with the annular tooth groove 73. A first worm gear 74 is provided on the surface of the driving gear 72 facing away from the rotating point, and a first worm gear 75 is meshed with the outer surface of the first worm gear 74. A connecting shaft 76 is provided at one end of the first worm gear 75 near the built-in housing 77, and the other end of the connecting shaft 76 rotates and penetrates into the built-in housing 77. A driving rod 713 is slidably sleeved on the sleeve shaft 712 toward one end of the connecting shaft 76. The shape of the driving rod 713 is multi-toothed (see attached Figure 8 ), a driving groove 718 that matches the outer surface of the driving rod 713 is opened on the surface of the connecting shaft 76 facing the driving rod 713.

[0028] When in use, the control driving rod 713 slides toward one side of the connecting shaft 76, so that one end of the driving rod 713 slides into the driving groove 718 and matches the driving groove 718. Therefore, when the sleeve shaft 712 rotates, the driving rod 713 slides on the sleeve shaft 712, so that the driving rod 713 rotates synchronously with the sleeve shaft 712, and the driving rod 713 synchronously drives the connecting shaft 76 to rotate, thereby controlling the rotation of the driving gear 72, and the driving gear 72 meshes and transmits the annular tooth groove 73 in the rotating ring 63 to rotate. , so that the blocked spray holes 631 at the bottom rotate upward, while the unblocked spray holes 631 at the top rotate downward. When the rotating ring 63 rotates one hundred and eighty degrees, the unblocked spray holes 631 are connected with the connecting holes 632, so that the spray water in the spray pipe 62 drips through the spray holes 631 again, thereby avoiding as much as possible the problem of uneven water flow rates from the spray holes 631 and lack of continuity in the spray water, making the spraying uniform, ensuring the effective flushing of the gangue minerals entrained in the foam, and ensuring the grade of the concentrate.

[0029] See also Figure 6 When the cam 714 is in the unlock state, the locking cam 716 is locked and the locking cam 718 is unlocked, so that the cam 714 can be unlocked and the locking cam 718 can be unlocked.

[0030] See also Figure 8The push rod 715 extends through one end of the built-in shell 77 and is close to the movable rod 6331. The end of the push rod 715 close to the movable rod 6331 is hinged with a contact rod 719. A torsion spring is provided between the hinge point of the contact rod 719 and the push rod 715. The torsion spring keeps the contact rod 719 and the push rod 715 level. The upper surface of the push rod 715 is provided with a baffle 720 to prevent the contact rod 719 from rotating upward. The outer surface of the movable rod 6331 is provided with a right-angled trapezoidal contact block 721. The other end of the contact rod 719 contacts and slides with the inclined surface and vertical surface of the contact block 721.

[0031] When the water level reaches 0, the trigger plate 6332 is pushed downward by the water flow, and the contact rod 719 contacts the inclined surface of the contact block 721. When the spray hole 631 at the bottom is blocked, the movable rod 6331 moves upward, and the contact block 721 moves upward synchronously. At this time, the inclined surface of the contact block 721 forms a thrust on the contact rod 719. Since the baffle 720 restricts the upward rotation of the contact rod 719, the contact rod 719 will form a thrust on the push rod 715, causing the push rod 715 to move into the built-in housing 77. At the same time, the tension spring 717 is stressed and stretched, and the sleeve plate 714 pulls the drive rod 713 to move to the side close to the connecting shaft 76. When the contact rod 719 slides to the vertical surface of the contact block 721, the contact rod 719 pushes the push rod 715 to move the longest distance, causing the drive rod 713 to extend into the drive groove 718, thereby driving the rotating ring 63 to rotate. After the unblocked spray hole 631 rotates to connect with the connecting hole 632, the water in the spray pipe 62 can drip through the spray hole 631 again. At this time, under the impact of the water flow, the trigger plate 6332 drives the movable rod 6331 to move downward, and the contact block 721 moves downward synchronously. Since the baffle 720 only limits the upward rotation of the contact rod 719, the downward movement of the contact block 721 can drive the contact rod 719 to rotate downward, so that the tension spring 717 pulls the push rod 715 to move, so that the driving rod 713 moves out of the driving groove 718, and thus can no longer drive the rotating ring 63 to rotate. Through the above structure, when the bottom spray hole 631 is blocked, the rotating ring 63 can be automatically controlled to rotate, and the unblocked spray hole 631 at the top replaces the blocked spray hole 631 at the bottom. No manual operation is required, thereby improving the continuity of the spray water and ensuring the effect of mineral flotation.

[0032] In this embodiment, since the spray water is transported internally by the spray pipe 62, the resistance of the trigger plate 6332 in water is greater than the resistance in the air, so that the spring 63310 cannot be completely released, so that the contact rod 719 will not slide out of the contact block 721, and the contact block 721 will form an upward friction force on the contact rod 719 under the push of the spring 63310. This friction force is greater than the tension of the tension spring 717, so the problem of the tension spring 717 pulling the push rod 715 to displace and causing the contact rod 719 to bend will not occur.

[0033] In this embodiment, the position of the built-in housing 77 is higher than that of the trigger plate 6332. When the spray assembly 6 stops operating, the water in the spray pipe 62 gradually decreases. Therefore, the spray water in the spray pipe 62 will not flow, and thus the sleeve shaft 712 cannot be driven to rotate. Therefore, when the water in the spray pipe 62 has flowed out, the spring 63310 pushes the first transmission plate 6335 to move upward. Even if the driving rod 713 is pushed to connect with the connecting shaft 76, the rotating ring 63 will not rotate. At the same time, since there is no water in the spray pipe 62, the movable rod 6331 pulls the contact block 721 to move out of the contact rod 719 and move to the upper side of the contact rod 719. Therefore, when water is just being delivered in the spray pipe 62, the contact block 721 moves downward, which only pushes the contact rod 719 to rotate and cannot drive the push rod 715 to move. Therefore, the situation where the rotating ring 63 rotates when water is just being delivered in the spray pipe 62 will not occur.

[0034] Since the blocked spray hole 631 rotates to the upper side of the rotating ring 63 , in order not to affect the use of the lower side of the spray hole 631 , a collecting assembly is provided on the upper side of the spray pipe 62 .

[0035] See also Figure 2-4 The collecting assembly includes a collecting shell 64, which is arranged on the upper side of the spray pipe 62 and is installed on the outer surface of the conveying shell 61. A plurality of lifting blocks 641 are provided on the lower surface of the collecting shell 64. The lower side of the lifting block 641 is set in an arc shape and slides in contact with the upper side of the rotating ring 63. The lifting block 641 is provided with a lifting groove 642 extending from its upper and lower surfaces respectively. The lifting groove 642 is connected to the upper spray hole 631. The outer surface of the spray pipe 62 near the upper spray hole 631 is provided with a collecting hole connected to the upper spray hole 631. The shrinkage groove 6338 has a push plate 6339 in it, and a second transmission plate 6336 is provided on the lower surface of the push plate 6339. The lower side of the second transmission plate 6336 slides into the transmission cavity 6334, and a synchronous gear 6337 is rotatably connected between the first transmission plate 6335 and the second transmission plate 6336 in the transmission cavity 6334. The upper side of the first transmission plate 6335 is provided with vertical teeth meshing with the synchronous gear 6337, and the lower side of the second transmission plate 6336 is provided with a vertical tooth groove meshing with the synchronous gear 6337.

[0036] When in use, when the trigger plate 6332 is impacted by the water flow and moves downward again, the first transmission plate 6335 moves downward synchronously, so that the first transmission plate 6335 engages with the synchronous gear 6337. At this time, the synchronous gear 6337 engages and transmits the second transmission plate 6336 to move upward. At this time, the second transmission plate 6336 can push the pushing plate 6339 to move into the blocked spray hole 631 on the upper side, thereby forming a thrust for the impurities blocked in the spray hole 631. When the trigger plate 6332 moves to the lowest point, the pushing plate 6339 pushes the impurities blocked in the spray hole 631 into the lifting groove 642, thereby completing the purpose of clearing the top spray hole 631, preventing the bottom spray hole 631 from being blocked again, and preventing the top spray hole 631 from rotating to the bottom and becoming unusable, further ensuring the long-term operation effect of the spray assembly 6.

[0037] The upper side of the lifting block 641 passes through the collecting shell 64 and is set to a truncated cone shape. The top wall of the collecting shell 64 is rotatably connected to a plurality of lifting shafts 643. The lower end of the lifting shaft 643 extends into the lifting groove 642. The outer surface of the lifting shaft 643 located in the lifting groove 642 is provided with an auger blade 644. The outer surface of the auger blade 644 is in contact with the inner wall of the lifting groove 642. The outer surface of the upper end of the lifting shaft 643 is sleeved with a second worm gear 645. A synchronization rod 646 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the collecting shell 64. A second worm gear 647 meshing with the second worm gear 645 is sleeved on the surface of the synchronization rod 646 close to the second worm gear 645. The outer surface of the collecting shell 64 is provided with a driving device 648 for controlling the rotation of the synchronization rod 646. The driving device 648 is an electric component such as an electric motor.

[0038] When in use, the driving device 648 is started and drives the synchronous rod 646 to rotate, thereby rotating the lifting shaft 643 under the transmission of the second worm 647 and the second worm gear 645, and the auger blade 644 rotates synchronously with the lifting shaft 643. Therefore, when the pushing plate 6339 pushes the impurities into the lifting groove 642, they are transported upward to the collection shell 64 under the transmission of the auger blade 644, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting these impurities and preventing these impurities from falling into the flotation column 1 and affecting the flotation of the mineral.

[0039] See also Figure 9 The bottom wall of the collection shell 64 is set to be an inclined surface, and an extension groove 649 is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface of the bottom of the collection shell 64. A drawer 6410 is provided on the outside of the collection shell 64 and slides into the extension groove 649. When in use, the impurities transported by the auger blades 644 fall onto the inclined surface at the bottom of the collection shell 64, and can slide into the drawer 6410 under the action of inertia, thereby further improving the collection efficiency of these impurities.

[0040] The flotation equipment of the present invention can be used for the flotation of ilmenite, phosphate rock, rutile, fluorite, tungsten ore, cassiterite and the like.

[0041] The present invention provides another new technical solution based on the above solution: a flotation process for refractory minerals, the specific operating steps are as follows: S1. Mineral pretreatment: grinding to 75% to 85% of 200 mesh using a ball mill or vertical mill to achieve mineral monomer dissociation; S2, classification treatment, the minerals ground in S1 are screened through high-frequency fine screening to control the particle size and avoid over-grinding; S3. Preparation of flotation reagents: sodium hexametaphosphate as inhibitor, oleic acid as collector, sodium carbonate as pH regulator, and aluminum sulfate as activator. The amount of sodium carbonate is adjusted according to actual conditions: 0.2-0.5 kg / t sodium hexametaphosphate, 0.5-1.5 kg / t oleic acid, 1-3 kg / t sodium carbonate (pH value 8-10), and 0.1-0.3 kg / t aluminum sulfate. S3, slurry preparation, pouring fluorite monomer, inhibitor, collector and pH adjuster into a stirring device for stirring to obtain slurry; S4, flotation treatment, the grouting pump of the injection component 2 extracts the slurry in the slurry storage tank and transports it to the flotation column 1 through the grouting pipe. At this time, the microbubble generating component 3 inhales air and foaming agent, mixes and crushes the bubbles, and releases a large number of microbubbles by pressure. After the microbubbles enter the cyclone section of the built-in nozzle along the tangent line, they quickly enter the column 1 under the simultaneous action of centrifugal force and buoyancy. The slurry slowly descends under the action of gravity, and the bubbles slowly rise from bottom to top, and continuously meet the useful minerals to be selected in the slurry in the column. In the convection motion, due to the action of the reagent, the minerals to be selected are attached to the surface of the rising bubbles, forming a mineralized foam layer on the upper part of the column. The spray component 6 on the top sprays water to flush the hydrophilic particles mixed with the machinery to improve the grade of the concentrate. The foam layer after flushing overflows into the concentrate tank 4, and the unmineralized tailings particles swirl into the tailings pipe under the action of centrifugal force and are discharged, thereby completing the flotation of the mineral.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A flotation device for refractory minerals, comprising a flotation column (1), a ring frame (5) being provided on the top of the flotation column (1), a spray assembly (6) being provided inside the ring frame (5), and characterized in that: The spray assembly (6) comprises a conveying shell (61), which is located at the center of the annular frame (5). A plurality of spray pipes (62) arranged in a circumferential array are provided between the outer surface of the conveying shell (61) and the inner ring of the annular frame (5). The spray pipes (62) are communicated with the interior of the conveying shell (61). The outer surface of the spray pipe (62) is rotatably sleeved with a plurality of transversely arranged rotating rings (63). Spray holes (631) are provided on the upper and lower sides of the rotating rings (63). The bottom wall of the spray pipe (62) is provided with a plurality of communicating holes (632) communicating with the spray holes (631). A plurality of triggering components (633) for detecting blockage of the bottom spray holes (631) are provided in the spray pipe (62). A plurality of driving components (7) for controlling the rotation of the rotating rings (63) are provided in the spray pipe (62). A collecting component is provided on the upper side of the spray pipe (62).

2. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the flotation column (1) is provided with an injection assembly (2) for injecting slurry into the flotation column (1), the outer surface of the flotation column (1) is provided with a microbubble generating assembly (3), the top outer surface of the flotation column (1) is provided with a concentrate trough (4), and the bottom of the flotation column (1) is provided with a tailings pipe.

3. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger assembly (633) includes a top block (6333), which is arranged on the top wall of the spray pipe (62). A movable rod (6331) is arranged on the lower side of the top block (6333), and the lower end of the movable rod (6331) extends into the connecting hole (632). A trigger plate (6332) is arranged at the lower end of the movable rod (6331). The connecting hole (632) is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone. The top block (6333) is provided with a movable rod (6331). ) is provided with a transmission chamber (6334) extending to the top of the spray pipe (62), the upper end of the movable rod (6331) slides into the transmission chamber (6334), the upper end of the movable rod (6331) is provided with a first transmission plate (6335), and a spring (63310) movably mounted on the outer surface of the movable rod (6331) is provided between the lower surface of the first transmission plate (6335) and the bottom wall of the transmission chamber (6334).

4. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises a built-in housing (77), which is arranged on the inner wall of the spray pipe (62) near the rotating ring (63), and a fan blade (78) is arranged on the built-in housing (77). A gear shaft (79) is arranged on the lower surface of the fan blade (78), and the lower end of the gear shaft (79) rotates and penetrates into the built-in housing (77). A sleeve plate (714) is arranged on the inner wall of the built-in housing (77), and a sleeve shaft (712) is rotatably sleeved on the sleeve plate (714). Two bevel gears (710) are provided at one end of the sleeve shaft (712) adjacent to the gear shaft (79) and meshing with each other.

5. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray pipe (62) is provided with a groove (71) on the outer surface close to the rotating ring (63), and a driving gear (72) is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the groove (71). The inner ring of the rotating ring (63) is provided with an annular tooth groove (73). The groove (71) extends from one side of the driving gear (72) and is meshed with the annular tooth groove (73). A first worm gear (74) is provided on the surface of the driving gear (72) facing away from the rotating point, and the outer surface of the first worm gear (74) is meshed with the first A worm (75) is provided with a connecting shaft (76) at one end of the first worm (75) close to the built-in housing (77), and the other end of the connecting shaft (76) rotates and penetrates into the built-in housing (77). A driving rod (713) is slidably sleeved on the sleeve shaft (712) toward one end of the connecting shaft (76). The driving rod (713) is in the shape of a multi-tooth shape, and a driving groove (718) is provided on the surface of the connecting shaft (76) facing the driving rod (713) and matches the outer surface of the driving rod (713).

6. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the driving rod (713) is rotatably sleeved with a sleeve plate (714), and a push rod (715) is provided on the surface of the sleeve plate (714) facing away from the connecting shaft (76). The other end of the push rod (715) slides through the outer surface of the built-in shell (77). The push rod (715) is located on the outer surface of the built-in shell (77) and is sleeved with a built-in plate (716). A tension spring (717) movably sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod (715) is provided between the built-in plate (716) and the inner wall of the built-in shell (77). One end of the push rod (715) that penetrates the built-in shell (77) is close to the movable The push rod (715) is hinged to one end of the movable rod (6331) with a contact rod (719). A torsion spring is provided between the hinge point of the contact rod (719) and the push rod (715). The torsion spring keeps the contact rod (719) and the push rod (715) horizontal. The upper surface of the push rod (715) is provided with a baffle (720) for preventing the contact rod (719) from rotating upward. The outer surface of the movable rod (6331) is provided with a right-angled trapezoidal contact block (721). The other end of the contact rod (719) contacts and slides with the inclined surface and vertical surface of the contact block (721).

7. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collecting assembly includes a collecting shell (64), which is arranged on the upper side of the spray pipe (62) and installed on the outer surface of the conveying shell (61). The lower surface of the collecting shell (64) is provided with a plurality of lifting blocks (641). The lower side of the lifting block (641) is arranged in an arc shape and slides in contact with the upper side of the rotating ring (63). The lifting block (641) is provided with a lifting groove (642) extending from the upper and lower surfaces thereof respectively. The lifting groove (642) is connected to the upper spray hole (631). The outer surface of the spray pipe (62) near the upper spray hole (631) is provided with a lifting groove (642) connected to the upper spray hole (631). A contraction groove (6338) is provided in the contraction groove (6338), a push plate (6339) is provided in the lower surface of the push plate (6339), and a second transmission plate (6336) is provided on the lower surface of the push plate (6339). The lower side of the second transmission plate (6336) slides through the transmission cavity (6334), and a synchronous gear (6337) located between the first transmission plate (6335) and the second transmission plate (6336) is rotatably connected in the transmission cavity (6334). The upper side of the first transmission plate (6335) is provided with vertical teeth meshing with the synchronous gear (6337), and the lower side of the second transmission plate (6336) is provided with a vertical tooth groove meshing with the synchronous gear (6337).

8. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper side of the lifting block (641) passes through the collecting shell (64) and is arranged in a truncated cone shape. The top wall of the collecting shell (64) is rotatably connected to a plurality of lifting shafts (643). The lower end of the lifting shaft (643) extends into the lifting groove (642). The outer surface of the lifting shaft (643) located in the lifting groove (642) is provided with an auger blade (644). The outer surface of the auger blade (644) is in contact with the inner wall of the lifting groove (642). The outer surface of the upper end of the lifting shaft (643) is sleeved with a second worm gear (645). A synchronization rod (646) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the collecting shell (64). The surface of the synchronization rod (646) close to the second worm gear (645) is sleeved with a second worm gear (647) meshed with the second worm gear (645). The outer surface of the collecting shell (644) is provided with a driving device (648) for controlling the rotation of the synchronization rod (646).

9. The flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the collection shell (64) is set as an inclined surface, and an extension groove (649) is provided at the bottom of the inclined surface of the bottom of the collection shell (64). A drawer (6410) is provided on the outside of the collection shell (64) and slides into the extension groove (649).

10. A flotation process for refractory minerals, based on the flotation equipment for refractory minerals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The operation steps are: S1. Mineral pretreatment: grinding to 75% to 85% of 200 mesh using a ball mill or vertical mill to achieve mineral monomer dissociation; S2, classification treatment, the minerals ground in S1 are screened through high-frequency fine screening to control the particle size and avoid over-grinding; S3. Preparation of flotation reagents: sodium hexametaphosphate as inhibitor, oleic acid as collector, sodium carbonate as pH regulator, and aluminum sulfate as activator. The amount of sodium carbonate is adjusted according to actual conditions: 0.2-0.5 kg / t sodium hexametaphosphate, 0.5-1.5 kg / t oleic acid, 1-3 kg / t sodium carbonate (pH value 8-10), and 0.1-0.3 kg / t aluminum sulfate. S3, slurry preparation, pouring the mineral, inhibitor, collector and pH adjuster into a stirring device for stirring to obtain slurry; S4, flotation treatment, the grouting pump of the injection component (2) extracts the slurry in the slurry storage tank and transports it to the flotation column (1) through the grouting pipe. At this time, the microbubble generating component (3) inhales air and foaming agent, mixes and crushes the bubbles, and releases a large number of microbubbles through pressure. After the microbubbles enter the cyclone section of the built-in nozzle along the tangent line, they quickly enter the column (1) under the simultaneous action of centrifugal force and buoyancy. The slurry slowly descends under the action of gravity, and the bubbles slowly rise from bottom to top. The useful minerals to be selected from the slurry continuously meet in the column. During the convection movement, due to the action of the reagent, the minerals to be selected adhere to the surface of the rising bubbles, forming a mineralized foam layer on the upper part of the column. The spray assembly (6) on the top sprays water to wash the hydrophilic particles mechanically mixed, thereby improving the grade of the concentrate. After washing, the foam layer overflows into the concentrate tank (4), and the unmineralized tailings particles swirl into the tailings pipe under the action of centrifugal force and are discharged, thereby completing the flotation of difficult-to-select minerals.

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