Waterless cleaning robot for surface of photovoltaic panel for expressway

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-free cleaning robot for the surface of a photovoltaic panel for an expressway. The water-free cleaning robot comprises a steel cable traction moving mechanism, a three-stage dry-type cleaning unit and a control system. The moving mechanism drags equipment to reciprocate along a photovoltaic array through a corrosion-resistant guide steel cable, and a bottom guide wheel is adaptive to an inclined terrain; the cleaning unit is sequentially provided with a roller brush, a brush and a scraper blade in the advancing direction, the roller brush drives a large gear through a rubber wheel, a small gear is driven through a 1: 5 speed increasing gear set to rotate at a high speed so as to strip loose dirt, the brush removes attached particles, and the silica gel scraper blade scrapes residues. The cleaning units are symmetrically distributed and fixed through the square pipe frame. According to the invention, waterless, efficient and low-energy-consumption automatic cleaning of the photovoltaic panel in the complex environment of the expressway is realized, and the problems of water resource dependence, terrain limitation and low cleaning efficiency in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cleaning, and in particular to a waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panel surfaces used in highways. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation is increasingly being applied along highways. Large-scale installation of photovoltaic panels, particularly along highway slopes, along noise barriers, and on rooftops of service areas, not only achieves comprehensive land resource utilization but also provides strong support for the decarbonization of transportation energy. However, the cleaning and maintenance of photovoltaic panels has gradually become a key factor restricting their long-term stable power generation efficiency.

[0003] In complex environments like highways, windblown sand, dust, exhaust particulate matter, and plant and animal debris can easily accumulate on the surface of photovoltaic panels, blocking sunlight and affecting photovoltaic conversion efficiency. According to field measurements, surface dust deposition can cause a 5% to 30% loss in power generation efficiency. Traditional cleaning methods rely on manual labor and water resources, making them inefficient, traffic disruptions, and water scarcity, making them challenging to implement.

[0004] Currently, some automated photovoltaic cleaning equipment on the market is designed for flatland centralized power stations. This makes it unsuitable for operation on the narrow, complex terrain of highways. Furthermore, it generally relies on water cleaning, which does not meet the requirements of water conservation and automated operation and maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent cleaning robot suitable for highway photovoltaic arrays, with high environmental adaptability and waterless cleaning capabilities, to improve the overall operational efficiency and intelligent maintenance level of photovoltaic systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panel surfaces used on highways.

[0006] A waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panel surfaces on highways, comprising a moving mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a control system, characterized in that: The mobile mechanism adopts a steel cable traction structure, including corrosion-resistant guide steel cables installed at the head and tail of the photovoltaic array, a drive motor, a tensioning device and a travel limit structure; a directional guide wheel and a limit guide rail are provided at the bottom of the device; The cleaning mechanism integrates a roller brush, a hair brush and a silicone scraper in sequence along the direction of travel to form a three-stage dry cleaning unit; The roller brush is driven by a gear transmission system, including a large gear linked to the rubber wheel and a small gear meshing with it, with a speed ratio of 1:5; The cleaning units are symmetrically arranged in two groups along the central axis of the equipment and are fixedly connected by a square tube frame.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the roller brush is a roller-type structure with medium hardness, and a pressure-limiting design is provided on the surface; the brush adopts flexible nylon or modified fiber bristles.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to better realize the present invention, the gear transmission system includes a polished rod and a vertical bearing seat, the large gear is connected to the rubber wheel through the polished rod, and the small gear drives the roller brush to rotate at high speed through the polished rod.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to better implement the present invention, the moving mechanism supports single-line single-cleaning and reciprocating two-way cleaning modes, and the control system can adjust the moving speed and return path.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to better implement the present invention, the directional guide wheels and the limiting guide rails are adapted to the inclined slope surface to ensure that the equipment moves stably on a non-horizontal surface.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention uses a three-stage dry cleaning chain consisting of a roller brush, a bristle brush, and a scraper to achieve efficient removal of dust, sand, and mud stains under waterless conditions, and is suitable for water-scarce scenarios such as highways; the steel cable traction structure cooperates with directional guide wheels and limiting guide rails to ensure stable operation of the equipment on inclined slopes and narrow photovoltaic arrays, overcoming the terrain limitations of traditional equipment; the 1:5 speed increase design of the gear set enables the roller brush to rotate at high speed when the equipment moves at low speed, significantly enhancing the cleaning power while reducing overall energy consumption; the symmetrically arranged dual cleaning units achieve coverage without dead angles, and the cleaning rate of a single operation is improved; it supports reciprocating two-way cleaning mode, reduces the no-load return time, improves operation and maintenance efficiency, and the modular structure facilitates component replacement and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is the overall appearance diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of the present invention; Figure 6 A partial diagram of the gear meshing of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partial view of the bearing of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure, 1. Photovoltaic panel surface, 2. Roller brush, 3. Rubber wheel, 4. Large gear, 5. Small gear, 6. Square tube, 7. Brush, 8. Silicone scraper, 9. Bolt, 10. Vertical bearing seat, 11. Polished rod, 12. Nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0015] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely intended to represent selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1-Figure 7 This is a specific embodiment of the present invention, which is a waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels on highways. By integrating a multi-stage dry cleaning mechanism, including roller brushes, bristle brushes, and scrapers, the robot achieves efficient, low-energy, and waterless automatic cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface, resolving the problems of existing technologies in highway cleaning scenarios, such as difficult cleaning, high energy consumption, low efficiency, and dependence on water resources. It includes: 1. Movement mode and operation path control The present invention adopts a cable-pulled mobile structure. The mobile structure is equipped with fixed parking positions at the head and tail of the photovoltaic array and equipped with corrosion-resistant, high-tension guide cables to pull the cleaning equipment to perform reciprocating linear motion along the longitudinal layout path of the photovoltaic modules.

[0017] 1. Tensioning devices and travel limit structures are installed at both ends of the steel cable to ensure stable operation of the cleaning equipment and adjustable traction tension; 2. Directional guide wheels and limit guide rails are installed at the bottom of the equipment to ensure stable movement on non-horizontal surfaces such as inclined slopes; 3. The moving speed can be controlled by the built-in motor to achieve uniform speed operation or slow-moving control mode while cleaning; 4. It can support single-line single-cleaning and reciprocating two-way cleaning modes, reducing the return empty load rate and improving working efficiency.

[0018] 2. Multi-stage dry cleaning mechanism and linked cleaning process Along the travel direction of the equipment, three waterless cleaning modules, namely roller brush, bristle brush and scraper, are arranged in sequence to form an integrated dry cleaning chain of "loosening in front, sweeping in the middle and cleaning in the end": 1. Roller brush Mounted at the front of the machine, the roller brush rotates via gears, rolling against the surface of the photovoltaic panel, quickly loosening loose dust and sand particles, providing a rough first cleaning step. The roller brush is constructed of a moderately hard material and features a pressure-limiting design to prevent scratches or indentations on the panels.

[0019] 2. Brush Installed behind the roller brush, the bristles are made of flexible nylon or modified fiber, with excellent elasticity and dust-abrasive properties. As the brush moves, it effectively removes strongly adhered dust and fine particles from the panel surface, while protecting the component surface from damage.

[0020] 3. Scraper A silicone scraper located at the end of the brush adheres to the component surface for the final removal of any remaining dust, mud, or moisture. This device ensures that particles not removed during the scrubbing process remain on the component surface, improving the final cleanliness.

[0021] The above three sections of the structure work together through mechanical linkage, and the cleaning path covers the entire width of the photovoltaic panel in a single time, ensuring a cleaning effect without dead angles.

[0022] The movement of the device is driven by a steel cable, driving the rubber wheel 3 to roll on the photovoltaic panel surface 1. The rubber wheel 3 is connected to the large gear 4 via a polished rod 11. When the rubber wheel 3 rolls, it drives the large gear 4 to rotate. A meshing transmission structure is formed between the large gear 4 and the small gear 5. The speed ratio between the two is 1:5, which can achieve high-speed rotation of the small gear 5. The small gear 5 is linked to the roller brush 2 via the polished rod 11 to drive the roller brush 2. Through the meshing transmission structure of the large and small gears, the small gear 5 can drive the connected roller brush 2 to operate at a high speed, thereby achieving efficient cleaning of the photovoltaic panel surface 1 by the roller brush 2 during the low-speed sliding process of the cleaning device. The polished rod 11 is fixed to the square tube 6 structure of the device frame via a vertical bearing seat 10. The roller brush 2 is used to remove loose dust particles and sand attached to the panel surface.

[0023] When the moving mechanism drives the device to move along the panel, the brush 7 arranged behind the roller brush 2 peels off and cleans the dust and fine particles with strong adhesion during the movement, further improving the cleaning effect; a scraper 8 is arranged behind the brush 7, and when the equipment moves, it will drive the scraper 8 to lightly scrape the surface of the photovoltaic panel to remove mud particles or wet particles for a second time to ensure cleanliness.

[0024] The roller brush 2, the brush 7 and the scraper 8 constitute a cleaning unit. The cleaning unit is provided with two sets of symmetrically distributed cleaning structures with the central axis of the device as the symmetrical center. The other set of cleaning units is used for the final cleaning of residual dust to further improve the overall cleaning efficiency.

[0025] The brush 7, scraper 8 and vertical bearing seat 10 are all fixedly connected to the square tube 6 by bolts 9 and nuts 12, and the structure is stable and easy to maintain and replace.

[0026] After the cleaning task is completed or the device reaches the end of the cleaning path, the device uses the control system to reverse the path and return to the initial parking position.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not limiting. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panel surfaces on highways, comprising a moving mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, and a control system, characterized in that: The mobile mechanism adopts a steel cable traction structure, including a corrosion-resistant guide steel cable (11) installed at the head and tail of the photovoltaic array, a drive motor, a tensioning device and a travel limit structure; a directional guide wheel and a limit guide rail are provided at the bottom of the device; The cleaning mechanism sequentially integrates a roller brush (2), a hair brush (7) and a silicone scraper (8) along the direction of travel to form a three-stage dry cleaning unit; The roller brush (2) is driven by a gear transmission system, comprising a large gear (4) linked to the rubber wheel (3) and a small gear (5) meshing with the large gear (4), with a speed ratio of 1:5 between the large gear (4) and the small gear (5) meshing with the large gear (4). The cleaning units are arranged in two groups symmetrically about the central axis of the equipment and are fixedly connected via a square tube frame (6).

2. The waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels on highways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller brush (2) is a medium-hard roller-type structure, and a pressure-limiting design is provided on the surface; the brush (7) uses flexible nylon or modified fiber bristles.

3. The waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels on highways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission system comprises a polished rod (11) and a vertical bearing seat (10); the large gear (4) is connected to the rubber wheel (3) via the polished rod (11); and the small gear (5) drives the roller brush (2) to rotate at high speed via the polished rod (11).

4. The waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels on highways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism supports single-line single-cleaning and reciprocating two-way cleaning modes, and the control system can adjust the moving speed and return path.

5. The waterless cleaning robot for photovoltaic panels on highways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional guide wheels and the limiting guide rails are adapted to the inclined slope surface to ensure that the equipment moves stably on a non-horizontal surface.

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