Production method of large copper bar

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of large copper bar production, in particular to a large copper bar production method which comprises the steps of raw material casting, hot rolling forming, cold rolling finishing, surface treatment and packaging protection. Through cooperation of the limiting mechanism and the locking mechanism, stable transverse limiting can be carried out on the copper cast ingot in the hot rolling process and when rolling force continuously acts, so that lateral displacement of the copper cast ingot is restrained in real time, and meanwhile it can be guaranteed that the cast ingot has a certain limit of transverse extension freedom degree; the height and the interval width of the transverse limiting modules can be adaptively adjusted in the step-by-step pressing process of the hot roller, so that it is ensured that the limiting modules are dynamically matched with the actual thickness and the extension width of the thinned cast ingot all the time; according to the self-adaptive locking device, synchronous self-adaptive locking can be carried out on the limiting module which is subjected to step-by-step self-adaptive adjustment along with the hot roller so as to prevent resetting, and the limiting module can be automatically reset to the initial state after hot rolling is finished and a formed cast ingot is blanked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large copper busbar production, in particular to a production method of a large copper busbar. Background Art

[0002] Large copper busbars refer to thick copper plates with rectangular or irregular cross-sections, made of pure copper or copper alloys. They are used for conductive connections in high and low voltage switchgear, transformers, distribution boxes and other equipment. Hot rolling is a key process in copper processing, and is particularly important in the manufacture of large-section, highly conductive copper busbars for power use.

[0003] In the prior art, when large-section copper ingots are initially hot-rolled, the copper ingots are generally transported back and forth by a conveying device, so that they pass through hot rolling rollers for multiple rolling passes. During the entire rolling process, the height of the hot rolling rollers needs to be adjusted step by step to achieve step-by-step rolling of the thickness and width of the copper ingots. At the same time, after each single-pass rolling, the ingot needs to be corrected in position and posture by a correction device to ensure stable transportation and deformation of the copper ingots in the subsequent rolling process.

[0004] However, the traditional method of hot rolling large-section copper ingots has the following problems: 1. In the existing technology, the correction device can only adjust and correct the static position and posture of the ingot in the gap after the end of a single-pass rolling, but cannot limit the ingot that continuously bears the rolling force during the rolling process, resulting in the ingot being deflected due to instantaneous uneven force under the action of the roller pressure, and the deflection error will be amplified due to the successive accumulation of reciprocating rolling, thereby affecting the final rolling accuracy and finished product quality, and even causing the copper ingot to have a large tolerance and be unable to undergo subsequent processing; 2. In the existing technology, ingots that lack limiters during the rolling process may also have a widening amount beyond the expected range due to excessive lateral flow freedom, which will not only directly affect the dimensional accuracy of the copper ingot in a single-pass rolling, but also interfere with the stability of subsequent rolling and the matching degree of the cold working process due to the imbalance of the width-to-thickness ratio. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for producing large copper busbars, comprising the following steps: Step 1, melting and casting raw materials: electrolytic copper is smelted at high temperature to remove impurities and then cast into fixed-length copper ingots.

[0006] Step 2: Hot rolling: The copper ingot is heated by homogenization, the oxide scale is removed by high-pressure water, and it is compressed to the target thickness through multiple hot rolling passes. The copper ingot is laterally limited during the hot rolling process by a restraining and limiting device, and the grains are refined by online water quenching.

[0007] Step 3: Cold rolling finishing: The hot-rolled copper ingot is pickled to remove the oxide layer, cold-rolled at room temperature to control the thickness, and processed into copper bars by CNC punching and shearing.

[0008] Step 4: Surface treatment: Electroplating or plastic dipping of the copper busbar surface after cold rolling and finishing.

[0009] Step 5. Packaging and protection: Clean the surface of the copper busbar after surface treatment, wrap it with anti-rust paper, support it with foam and add corner protection, seal it in a dry wooden box, cover it with moisture-proof film and reinforce it, and finally complete the copper busbar production.

[0010] The above step 2 involves the cooperation of restraining and limiting equipment to complete the hot rolling forming process, wherein the restraining and limiting equipment includes conveying equipment and hot rolling equipment, and limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the conveying equipment. The limiting mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism, and the limiting mechanism and the hot rolling equipment are jointly provided with a reset mechanism.

[0011] The limiting mechanism includes a supporting platform fixedly arranged on the conveying equipment with left and right symmetry, a yielding adjustment part for left and right movement adjustment is arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform, and a hot rolling limiting part for elastically limiting the side surface of the rolled copper ingot is arranged on the yielding adjustment part.

[0012] The locking mechanism includes an automatic locking portion arranged on the yielding adjustment portion for adaptive locking, and a positioning pressing portion is arranged on the supporting platform for adaptive locking in cooperation with the automatic locking portion.

[0013] The reset mechanism includes a driven adjustment part commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment and the yielding adjustment part for step-by-step movement adjustment, a positioning locking part commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment and the driven adjustment part for step-by-step automatic locking, a driven unlocking part commonly provided on the driven adjustment part for releasing the lock of the positioning locking part, a transmission part commonly provided on the driven adjustment part and the driven unlocking part, and an active reset part provided on the driven adjustment part for driving the driven unlocking part to unlock and reset the yielding adjustment part through the transmission part.

[0014] Preferably, the yield adjustment part includes a fixed platform fixedly arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform away from one end of the conveying equipment, a movable platform that moves left and right is elastically slidably provided on the side of the fixed platform close to the conveying equipment through a spring rod, and a plurality of return frames are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the side of the movable platform away from the corresponding fixed platform, the lowermost return frame is fixedly connected to the corresponding movable platform through a connecting rod, and the remaining return frames are symmetrically fixed with sliding sleeves on the side close to the corresponding movable platform, and the sliding sleeves and the corresponding return frames are elastically slidably connected to the corresponding movable platform through a spring rod.

[0015] Preferably, the hot rolling limiting part includes a plurality of spring rods three that are elastically and evenly slidably arranged on the return frame at one end away from the corresponding moving platform. The three spring rods are uniformly and evenly arranged on the side away from the corresponding moving platform. A U-shaped frame that moves left and right is fixedly arranged, and a plurality of rotating wheels are arranged in the U-shaped frame to rotate evenly front and back.

[0016] Preferably, the automatic locking part includes a slot opened on the sliding sleeve and the corresponding spring rod 2 and passing through the front and back. The side of the circular frame close to the corresponding movable platform is provided with a spring plug-in that is symmetrically and elastically slidably left and right through the support 1 and is plugged into the corresponding slot. The side of the spring plug-in away from the corresponding sliding sleeve is provided with a driven rotating rod that is rotatably provided through the support 2.

[0017] Preferably, the positioning pressing part includes a wedge-shaped pressure block arranged on the side of the driven rotating rod away from the corresponding spring plug-in, and the side of the wedge-shaped pressure block close to the corresponding movable platform is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding driven rotating rod. The upper and lower adjacent wedge-shaped pressure blocks are staggered and distributed left and right and fixedly connected by connecting blocks. The lowermost wedge-shaped pressure block and the lower side of the corresponding connecting block are jointly fixed with a support platform, and the lower side of the support platform is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting platform.

[0018] Preferably, the driven adjustment part includes a driving plate fixedly arranged on the hot rolling equipment symmetrically on the left and right, the lower end of the driving plate is an inclined surface, and a driven frame is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the movable table. A through groove running through the front and back is opened on the driven frame, and the end of the driven frame close to the conveying equipment is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding inclined surface of the driving plate.

[0019] Preferably, the positioning locking portion includes a plurality of positioning grooves that are evenly opened on the upper side of the driven frame and correspond to the return frame. A mounting frame is fixedly provided symmetrically on the left and right sides of the hot rolling equipment, and an oblique baffle is fixedly provided at the lower end of the mounting frame. A clamping plate that engages with the positioning groove is provided on the mounting frame and located on the upper side of the oblique baffle and is elastically rotated by a torsion spring shaft.

[0020] Preferably, the driven unlocking part includes a plurality of wedge-shaped push platforms that are evenly slid left and right on the upper side of the driven frame and correspond to the positioning grooves. The side of the wedge-shaped push platform close to the inclined surface of the driven frame is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding card plate. The lower side of the wedge-shaped push platform is evenly fixed with a plurality of sliding shafts 1 that are slidably connected to the driven frame at the front and back. The lower ends of all the sliding shafts 1 are commonly fixed with a moving plate that is located in the corresponding through groove and moves left and right. A spring rod four that is fixedly connected to the moving plate is elastically slidably provided in the through groove and on the side of the moving plate away from the inclined surface of the driven frame through a support three.

[0021] Preferably, the transmission part includes a gear that is rotatably arranged under the corresponding movable plate through support four, and racks that are meshed and connected are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the gear, wherein the upper rack is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the corresponding movable plate, and the lower rack is slidably connected to the support four through a sliding shaft two that moves left and right, and an L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the side of the lower rack close to the inclined surface of the driven frame.

[0022] Preferably, the active reset part includes a receiving groove provided on the side of the mobile platform away from the corresponding fixed platform, a sliding groove running through the upper and lower sides is provided on the lower side of the driven frame, a cylinder is fixedly provided on the side of the driven frame close to the fixed platform, a push plate is fixedly provided on the telescopic end of the cylinder and is slidably matched with the corresponding receiving groove and the sliding groove, and a guide rod slidably connected to the driven frame is fixedly provided on the side of the push plate close to the fixed platform in a front-to-back symmetrical manner.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention cooperates with the limiting mechanism and the locking mechanism to implement stable lateral limitation of the copper ingot during the hot rolling process and when the rolling force continues to act, so as to constrain the lateral displacement of the copper ingot in real time, and effectively suppress the accumulation of deformation errors caused by the deviation of the copper ingot due to the instantaneous uneven force during rolling, thereby improving the overall rolling accuracy and finished product quality of the copper ingot, and at the same time ensuring that the ingot has a certain limit of lateral extension freedom, thereby ensuring the physical necessity of material extension and stably constraining the expansion amount within the process allowable range, thereby improving the dimensional stability of the copper ingot in single-pass rolling and ensuring the matching degree of the geometric dimensions of the subsequent cold-processed copper ingot.

[0024] 2. The present invention can also realize adaptive adjustment of the height and interval width of the lateral limit module during the step-by-step downward pressing process of the hot rolling rollers through the cooperation of the limit mechanism and the locking mechanism, so as to ensure that the limit module is always dynamically adapted to the actual thickness and extended width of the ingot after thinning, thereby maintaining a stable constraint on the lateral displacement of the ingot throughout the rolling process, and avoiding the obstruction of the step-by-step downward pressing of the hot rolling rollers by the limit module. At the same time, it also stably adapts to the differentiated deformation state of the ingot during reciprocating rolling, thereby suppressing the deflection and width out of control while stably matching the deformation characteristics of the ingot in each rolling stage, providing a continuous and stable constraint condition for the whole process for the control of the width-to-thickness ratio of the ingot.

[0025] 3. The present invention cooperates with the reset mechanism, the limit mechanism and the locking mechanism, which can not only realize the synchronous adaptive locking of the limit module that is adaptively adjusted step by step with the hot rolling roller to prevent reset, but also automatically reset the limit module to the initial state after the hot rolling is completed and the formed ingot is unloaded. It not only eliminates the production line delay caused by manual reset, but also ensures that the subsequent ingots can enter the rolling station immediately, thereby significantly improving the rhythm stability and process reliability of continuous production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the large copper busbar production method.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of part of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the structure of the limiting mechanism.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the reset mechanism structure.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the positioning and locking part structure.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the structure of the active reset part.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Conveying equipment; 2. Hot rolling equipment; 21. Fixed frame; 22. U-shaped table; 23. Hot rolling roller; 3. Limiting mechanism; 31. Supporting platform; 32. Adjusting part; 321. Fixed platform; 322. Moving platform; 323. Return frame; 324. Sliding sleeve; 33. Hot rolling limiting part; 331. U-shaped frame; 332. Rotating wheel; 4. Locking mechanism; 41. Automatic locking part; 411. Spring plug-in; 412. Driven rotating rod; 42. Fixed Positioning pressing part; 421, wedge-shaped pressure block; 422, support platform; 5, reset mechanism; 51, driven adjustment part; 511, drive plate; 512, driven frame; 52, positioning locking part; 521, positioning groove; 522, clamping plate; 53, driven unlocking part; 531, wedge-shaped push platform; 532, moving plate; 54, transmission part; 541, gear; 542, rack; 543, L-shaped plate; 55, active reset part; 551, cylinder; 552, push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1 A method for producing a large copper busbar comprises the following steps: Step 1, raw material melting and casting: electrolytic copper is smelted at high temperature to remove impurities and then cast into a fixed-length copper ingot.

[0037] Step 2: Hot rolling: The copper ingot is heated by homogenization, the oxide scale is removed by high-pressure water, and it is compressed to the target thickness through multiple hot rolling passes. The copper ingot is laterally limited during the hot rolling process by a restraining and limiting device, and the grains are refined by online water quenching.

[0038] Step 3: Cold rolling finishing: The hot-rolled copper ingot is pickled to remove the oxide layer, cold-rolled at room temperature to control the thickness, and processed into copper bars by CNC punching and shearing.

[0039] Step 4: Surface treatment: Electroplating or plastic dipping of the copper busbar surface after cold rolling and finishing.

[0040] Step 5. Packaging and protection: Clean the surface of the copper busbar after surface treatment, wrap it with anti-rust paper, support it with foam and add corner protection, seal it in a dry wooden box, cover it with moisture-proof film and reinforce it, and finally complete the copper busbar production.

[0041] See also Figure 2 The above step 2 involves the cooperation of a restraining and limiting device to complete the hot rolling forming process, wherein the restraining and limiting device includes a conveying device 1 that is rotatably provided with a conveying roller and is used for reciprocating conveying, and a hot rolling device 2 arranged outside the conveying device 1. The conveying device 1 has a limiting mechanism 3 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and a locking mechanism 4 is arranged on the limiting mechanism 3. The limiting mechanism 3 and the hot rolling device 2 are jointly provided with a reset mechanism 5.

[0042] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The hot rolling equipment 2 includes a fixed frame 21 arranged on the outside of the conveying equipment 1, and a U-shaped platform 22 is arranged in the fixed frame 21, which is located above the conveying equipment 1 and moves up and down. The U-shaped platform 22 is provided with a hot rolling roller 23 that rotates continuously and cooperates with the conveying roller for rolling.

[0043] When a large-section copper ingot is to be hot-rolled multiple times, the copper ingot is first conveyed from back to front by directional rotation of the conveying roller on the conveying device 1, so that the copper ingot passes under the continuously rotating hot rolling roller 23, and is reduced in thickness, extended in width, and stably conveyed forward under the synergistic action of the rolling and rotating conveying of the hot rolling roller 23. Then, the conveying roller and the hot rolling roller 23 are rotated in the opposite directions, and the U-shaped table 22 drives the hot rolling roller 23 to move downward a certain distance, so that the copper ingot conveyed from front to back is hot-rolled and conveyed again. The above operations are repeated until the copper ingot is rolled to the required thickness and width. Finally, the hot rolling roller 23 is moved upward to reset and the formed copper ingot is conveyed and unloaded.

[0044] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The limiting mechanism 3 includes a supporting platform 31 symmetrically fixed on the conveying equipment 1, and a plurality of rotating rods are arranged on the supporting platform 31 for uniform left and right rotation. A yielding adjustment part 32 for left and right movement adjustment is arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform 31, and a hot rolling limiting part 33 for elastically limiting the side surface of the rolled copper ingot is arranged on the yielding adjustment part 32.

[0045] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The said yielding adjustment part 32 includes a fixed platform 321 fixedly arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform 31 away from the end of the conveying device 1. The fixed platform 321 is close to the conveying device 1 on a side thereof, and a movable platform 322 that moves left and right is elastically slidably provided through a front-to-back symmetrical spring rod. A plurality of return frames 323 are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the movable platform 322 away from the corresponding fixed platform 321. The lowermost return frame 323 is fixedly connected to the corresponding movable platform 322 through a front-to-back symmetrical connecting rod. The remaining return frames 323 are symmetrically fixed with sliding sleeves 324 on the side thereof close to the corresponding movable platform 322. The sliding sleeve 324 and the corresponding return frame 323 are elastically slidably connected to the corresponding movable platform 322 through a spring rod 2, and the sliding sleeve 324 and the corresponding return frame 323 move left and right along the spring rod 2.

[0046] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The hot rolling limiting part 33 includes a plurality of spring rods 33 that are elastically and evenly slidably arranged at the end of the return frame 323 away from the corresponding moving platform 322. The front and rear uniform spring rods 33 are fixedly provided with a U-shaped frame 331 that moves left and right on the side away from the corresponding moving platform 322. A plurality of rotating wheels 332 are arranged to rotate evenly front and back in the U-shaped frame 331.

[0047] Before the conveying device 1 and the hot rolling rollers 23 convey and roll the copper ingot, the rotating wheels 332 within the bilaterally symmetrical U-shaped frame 331 provide equal restraint and positioning for the left and right sides of the conveyed copper ingot. As the copper ingot deforms and expands under the pressure and rolling action of the hot rolling rollers 23, the rotating wheels 332 and the U-shaped frame 331 are subsequently moved out of position by pressing the corresponding spring rods 3. Simultaneously, during the rolling process, the elastic force of the spring rods 3 and 1 enables the rotating wheels 332 to consistently restrain and position the left and right sides of the copper ingot. This not only effectively suppresses the accumulation of deformation errors caused by the uneven instantaneous force of the copper ingot during rolling, but also ensures that the ingot has a certain degree of freedom for lateral expansion. At the same time, the width expansion of the copper ingot is stably constrained within the process allowable range, thereby improving the dimensional stability of the copper ingot during single-pass rolling and ensuring the matching degree of the geometric dimensions of the subsequent cold-processed copper ingot. The rotating wheels 332 can reduce the conveying resistance of the copper ingot during the restraint and positioning process.

[0048] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The locking mechanism 4 includes an automatic locking portion 41 provided on the yield adjustment portion 32 for adaptively locking the return frame 323, and a positioning pressing portion 42 is provided on the support platform 31 for adaptively locking in cooperation with the automatic locking portion 41.

[0049] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5The automatic locking part 41 includes a slot opened on the sliding sleeve 324 and the corresponding spring rod 2 and passing through the front and back. The side of the return frame 323 close to the corresponding movable platform 322 is provided with a spring plug-in 411 that is symmetrically elastically slidably on the left and right through the support 1 and is plugged into the corresponding slot. The sliding sleeve 324 is located between the left and right symmetrical support 1, and the side of the spring plug-in 411 away from the corresponding sliding sleeve 324 is provided with a driven rotating rod 412 that is rotatably provided through the support 2.

[0050] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The positioning and pressing part 42 includes a wedge-shaped pressure block 421 arranged on the side of the driven rotating rod 412 away from the corresponding spring plug-in 411. The side of the wedge-shaped pressure block 421 close to the corresponding movable platform 322 is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding driven rotating rod 412. The upper and lower adjacent wedge-shaped pressure blocks 421 are staggered and fixedly connected by connecting blocks. The lowermost wedge-shaped pressure block 421 and the lower side of the corresponding connecting block are jointly fixed with a support platform 422, and the lower side of the support platform 422 is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting platform 31.

[0051] When the hot rolling roller 23 moves downward a certain distance to perform secondary rolling on the copper ingot, the left and right symmetrical moving platforms 322 and the corresponding spring rod 1 move in opposite directions under the action of the reset mechanism 5, and the upper and lower evenly distributed return frames 323 and U-shaped frames 331 move synchronously therewith, and the spring plug-in 411 and the driven rotating rod 412 also move synchronously with the corresponding return frame 323. The uppermost driven rotating rod 412 is elastically acted upon by the corresponding spring plug-in 411 and is fitted with the inclined surface of the corresponding wedge-shaped pressure block 421 and moves in the direction away from the corresponding sliding sleeve 324. At the same time, the corresponding spring plug-in 411 also moves synchronously with the driven rotating rod 412 until the spring plug-in 411 is completely out of the corresponding slot. At this time, under the elastic pulling force of the corresponding spring rod 2, the uppermost driven rotating rod 412 is elastically acted upon by the corresponding spring plug-in 411 and is fitted with the inclined surface of the corresponding wedge-shaped pressure block 421 and moves in the direction away from the corresponding sliding sleeve 324. Under the action, the uppermost return frame 323 and sliding sleeve 324 move along the corresponding spring rod 2 in the direction away from the hot rolling roller 23 until the hot rolling roller 23 continues to move down to the desired position. At this time, under the inertia of the uppermost return frame 323, the spring on the spring rod 2 is continuously compressed, and the uppermost return frame 323 and U-shaped frame 331 begin to be pushed back toward the direction of the hot rolling roller 23. However, since the overall reset distance of the return frame 323 and the U-shaped frame 331 is short and the speed is small, and under the elastic buffering action of the U-shaped frame 331 and the spring rod 3, the return frame 323 and the U-shaped frame 331 will only slightly collide with the corresponding side wall of the hot rolling roller 23, and will not cause damage to the rotating wheel 332 and the side wall of the hot rolling roller 23.

[0052] When the inertia of the return frame 323 and the elastic potential energy of the spring rod three and the spring rod one are completely released and the spring rod three and the spring rod one are in a stable equilibrium state, the corresponding U-shaped frame 331 and the rotating wheel 332 will no longer contact the side wall of the hot rolling roller 23, and at this time, the driven rotating rod 412 adjacent to the lower side of the uppermost driven rotating rod 412 is about to contact the inclined surface of the corresponding wedge-shaped pressure block 421, wherein the rotating rod one can reduce the friction resistance of the movable platform 322 and the return frame 323 during the movement.

[0053] When the hot rolling roller 23 is adjusted step by step until it moves to the lowest required position, each return frame 323 will also be unlocked step by step from top to bottom and moved to both sides of the hot rolling roller 23 respectively. At the same time, the spacing limit width between the remaining left and right symmetrical U-shaped frames 331 will also increase synchronously with the step-by-step adjustment of the hot rolling roller 23 to adapt to the copper ingots with gradually increasing width. Since the return frame 323 and U-shaped frame 331 on the lower side do not need to be unlocked and made way, they are directly fixedly connected to the corresponding moving platform 322.

[0054] The above-mentioned operation method can realize the adaptive adjustment of the height and interval width of the lateral limit module during the step-by-step downward pressing process of the hot rolling roller 23, so as to ensure that the limit module is always dynamically adapted to the actual thickness and extended width of the ingot after thinning, which not only maintains the stable constraint on the lateral displacement of the ingot throughout the rolling process, but also avoids the obstruction of the step-by-step downward pressing of the hot rolling roller 23 by the limit module, and at the same time stably adapts to the differentiated deformation state of the ingot during reciprocating rolling, thereby suppressing the deflection and width out of control while stably matching the deformation characteristics of the ingot in each rolling stage, providing a continuous and stable constraint condition for the whole process for the control of the width-to-thickness ratio of the ingot.

[0055] See also Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 6 The reset mechanism 5 includes a driven adjustment part 51 for step-by-step movement adjustment commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment 2 and the yielding adjustment part 32; a positioning locking part 52 for step-by-step automatic locking commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment 2 and the driven adjustment part 51; a driven unlocking part 53 for releasing the lock of the positioning locking part 52 is provided on the driven adjustment part 51; a transmission part 54 is commonly provided on the driven adjustment part 51 and the driven unlocking part 53; an active reset part 55 is provided on the driven adjustment part 51 for driving the driven unlocking part 53 to unlock and reset the yielding adjustment part 32 through the transmission part 54.

[0056] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6The driven adjustment part 51 includes a driving plate 511 fixedly arranged on the U-shaped platform 22 with left and right symmetry. The lower end of the driving plate 511 is an inclined surface. A driven frame 512 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the movable platform 322. A through groove running through the front and back is opened on the driven frame 512. The end of the driven frame 512 close to the conveying equipment 1 is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the inclined surface of the corresponding driving plate 511. A plurality of rotating rods 2 are evenly rotated on the inclined surface of the driven frame 512.

[0057] When the U-shaped table 22 drives the hot rolling roller 23 to move downward step by step, the driving plate 511 is pressed and matched with the corresponding inclined surface on the driven frame 512 through the inclined surface at the lower end, thereby driving the left and right symmetrical moving table 322 and the return frame 323 to move synchronously in opposite directions, wherein the rotating rod 2 can reduce the friction resistance between the driving plate 511 and the driven frame 512.

[0058] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The positioning locking portion 52 includes a plurality of positioning grooves 521 evenly opened on the upper side of the driven frame 512 and corresponding to the return frame 323. A mounting frame is fixedly provided on the fixed frame 21 symmetrically on the left and right sides. An oblique baffle is fixedly provided at the lower end of the mounting frame. A clamping plate 522 that engages with the positioning groove 521 is provided on the mounting frame and located on the upper side of the oblique baffle and is elastically rotated by a torsion spring shaft.

[0059] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The driven unlocking portion 53 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped push platforms 531 that are evenly slidably arranged on the upper side of the driven frame 512 and corresponding to the positioning groove 521. The wedge-shaped push platform 531 is located on the side of the corresponding positioning groove 521 close to the inclined surface of the driven frame 512. The side of the wedge-shaped push platform 531 close to the inclined surface of the driven frame 512 is an inclined surface that is press-fitted with the corresponding clamping plate 522. A plurality of sliding shafts 1 that are slidably connected to the driven frame 512 are evenly fixed on the front and back of the lower side of the wedge-shaped push platform 531. The lower ends of all sliding shafts 1 are jointly fixed with a moving plate 532 that is located in the corresponding through slot and moves left and right. A spring rod four that is symmetrical front and back and fixedly connected to the moving plate 532 is elastically slidably arranged in the through slot and on the side of the moving plate 532 away from the inclined surface of the driven frame 512 through a support three.

[0060] When the driven frame 512 moves and adjusts step by step with the hot rolling roller 23, the driven frame 512 drives each wedge-shaped push platform 531 to move synchronously through the corresponding sliding shaft, and each positioning groove 521 and the wedge push platform 531 move relative to the corresponding clamping plate 522. The upper end of the wedge push platform 531 closest to the corresponding moving platform 322 then presses the lower side of the clamping plate 522, causing the clamping plate 522 to rotate upward first and disengage from the corresponding positioning groove 521 until the clamping plate 522 is disengaged from the corresponding wedge push platform 531 and rotates again under the elastic action of the torsion spring rotating shaft to reset and connect to the adjacent next positioning groove 521. As the hot rolling roller 23 moves downward step by step and is adjusted to the lowest position, the lower end of the clamping plate 522 is just engaged with the positioning groove 521 closest to the hot rolling roller 23, so that the driven frame 512 is synchronously and adaptively locked step by step during the step-by-step movement and adjustment process.

[0061] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The transmission part 54 includes a gear 541 which is rotated by the support four and is arranged below the corresponding movable plate 532. The gear 541 has racks 542 symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides thereof, wherein the upper rack 542 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the corresponding movable plate 532, and the lower rack 542 is slidably connected to the support four through the sliding shaft 2 which moves left and right. An L-shaped plate 543 is fixedly arranged on the side of the lower rack 542 close to the inclined surface of the driven frame 512.

[0062] By pushing the L-shaped plate 543 a certain distance away from the corresponding movable platform 322, the lower rack 542 slides synchronously along the support four through the sliding shaft 2 and engages with the gear 541 for transmission. The gear 541 then synchronously drives the upper rack 542 and the movable plate 532 to move in the direction of the corresponding movable platform 322 through meshing transmission. The movable plate 532 then drives each wedge-shaped push platform 531 to move synchronously through the sliding shaft 1. The upper end of one of the corresponding wedge-shaped push platforms 531 then contacts and presses the lower side of the card plate 522, thereby clamping the card plate 522 at the lower end of the corresponding positioning groove 521 and pushing it out to release the clamping lock.

[0063] When the wedge pusher 531 is moved back to its original height, the lower end of the card plate 522 will be clamped in the positioning groove 521 closest to the movable platform 322 again.

[0064] When the push on the L-shaped plate 543 is released, under the action of the spring rod four, the movable plate 532 drives each wedge-shaped push platform 531 to move synchronously toward the direction of the hot rolling roller 23 and reset through the sliding shaft one, and the upper end of the corresponding wedge-shaped push platform 531 is separated from the clamping plate 522. The clamping plate 522 is rotated and reset under the action of the torsion spring shaft and is positioned in contact with the oblique baffle.

[0065] See also Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The active reset portion 55 includes a receiving groove provided on the side of the movable platform 322 away from the corresponding fixed platform 321, a sliding groove running through the upper and lower sides is provided on the lower side of the driven frame 512, and a cylinder 551 is fixedly provided on the side of the driven frame 512 close to the fixed platform 321. A push plate 552 that slides with the corresponding receiving groove and the sliding groove is fixedly provided at the telescopic end of the cylinder 551, and a guide rod that is slidably connected to the driven frame 512 is fixedly provided on the side of the push plate 552 close to the fixed platform 321.

[0066] When the hot rolling roller 23 is reset to its initial height, the push plate 552 is driven by the cylinder 551 to move toward the inclined direction of the corresponding driven frame 512, and the push plate 552 then pushes the corresponding return frame 323 to make the corresponding return frame 323 move and reset along the direction of the corresponding spring rod toward the hot rolling roller 23. At the same time, when the push plate 552 pushes the return frame 323 a certain distance, the upper end of the push plate 552 will contact the vertical section of the corresponding L-shaped plate 543 and push it synchronously.

[0067] When the push plate 552 pushes the corresponding return frame 323 to the end of the corresponding spring rod 2 away from the moving platform 322, each spring plug-in 411 is aligned with the slot on the corresponding spring rod 2, and at this time the clamping plate 522 is also lifted out of the positioning groove 521 closest to the hot rolling roller 23. Under the action of the spring rod 1, the driven frame 512 and the return frame 323 that have released the lock of the clamping plate 522 are synchronously moved toward the hot rolling roller 23 and reset. The driven rotating rod 412 then passes through the corresponding The wedge-shaped pressure block 421 is pressed and matched with the inclined surface to drive the corresponding spring plug-in 411 to be stably inserted into the corresponding slot again to complete the reset. Then, the cylinder 551 drives the push plate 552 to reset and move to the corresponding receiving groove. The push on the L-shaped plate 543 is then released. Under the action of the spring rod four, the wedge-shaped push platform 531 moves toward the hot rolling roller 23 and resets. The clamping plate 522 is also clamped and reset to the positioning groove 521 closest to the corresponding movable platform 322 to complete the locking.

[0068] If the driven frame 512 is not locked step by step by the clamping plate 522, when the hot rolling roller 23 moves and resets to the initial height, the driven frame 512 and the return frame 323 will be synchronously moved and reset with the hot rolling roller 23 under the action of the spring rod 1. If the corresponding return frame 323 is then pushed by the push plate 552, the corresponding driven rotating rod 412 will contact the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped pressure block 421 before the corresponding spring plug-in 411 is aligned with the slot, thereby causing the spring plug-in 411 to be unable to be reset and inserted into the corresponding slot, causing the constraint limit device to be directly stuck and unable to complete automatic reset.

[0069] The above-mentioned operation method can not only realize the synchronous adaptive locking of the limit module that is adaptively adjusted step by step with the hot rolling roller 23 to prevent reset, but also automatically reset the limit module to the initial state after the hot rolling is completed and the formed ingot is unloaded. It not only eliminates the production line delay caused by manual reset, but also ensures that the subsequent ingots can enter the rolling station immediately, thereby significantly improving the rhythm stability and process reliability of continuous production.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "number one," and "number two" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature designated as "first," "second," "number one," or "number two" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0073] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing a large copper busbar, characterized by: The steps include: Step 1: Raw material melting and casting: Electrolytic copper is smelted at high temperature to remove impurities and then cast into fixed-length copper ingots; Step 2: Hot rolling: The copper ingot is heated by homogenization, the oxide scale is removed by high-pressure water, and multiple hot rolling passes are performed to compress it to the target thickness. The copper ingot is laterally limited during the hot rolling process by a restraining device, and the grain is refined by online water quenching. Step 3, cold rolling finishing: pickling the hot-rolled copper ingot to remove the oxide layer, cold rolling at room temperature to control the thickness, and CNC punching and shearing to form copper bars; Step 4: Surface treatment: Electroplating or dipping the copper busbar with an insulating layer after cold rolling and finishing; Step 5: Packaging and protection: Clean the surface of the copper busbar and pack it; The restraining and limiting equipment involved in the above step 2 includes a conveying device and a hot rolling device. The conveying device is symmetrically provided with a limiting mechanism on the left and right sides. The limiting mechanism is provided with a locking mechanism. The limiting mechanism and the hot rolling device are both provided with a reset mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a supporting platform fixedly arranged on the conveying equipment in a left-right symmetrical manner, a yielding adjustment part for left-right movement adjustment is arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform, and a hot rolling limiting part for elastically limiting the side surface of the rolled copper ingot is arranged on the yielding adjustment part; The locking mechanism includes an automatic locking part provided on the position adjustment part for adaptive locking, and a positioning pressing part is provided on the support platform for adaptive locking in cooperation with the automatic locking part; The reset mechanism includes a driven adjustment part commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment and the yielding adjustment part for step-by-step movement adjustment, a positioning locking part commonly provided on the hot rolling equipment and the driven adjustment part for step-by-step automatic locking, a driven unlocking part commonly provided on the driven adjustment part for releasing the lock of the positioning locking part, a transmission part commonly provided on the driven adjustment part and the driven unlocking part, and an active reset part provided on the driven adjustment part for driving the driven unlocking part to unlock and reset the yielding adjustment part through the transmission part.

2. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yield adjustment part includes a fixed platform fixedly arranged on the upper side of the supporting platform away from one end of the conveying equipment, a movable platform that moves left and right is elastically slidably provided on the side of the fixed platform close to the conveying equipment through a spring rod, and a plurality of return frames are evenly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the side of the movable platform away from the corresponding fixed platform, the lowermost return frame is fixedly connected to the corresponding movable platform through a connecting rod, and the remaining return frames are symmetrically fixed with sliding sleeves on the side close to the corresponding movable platform, and the sliding sleeves and the corresponding return frames are elastically slidably connected to the corresponding movable platform through a spring rod.

3. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 2, wherein: The hot rolling limiting part includes a plurality of spring rods three which are elastically and evenly slidably arranged on the return frame at one end away from the corresponding moving platform. A U-shaped frame which moves left and right is fixedly arranged on the side of the three spring rods away from the corresponding moving platform. A plurality of rotating wheels are arranged in the U-shaped frame which rotates evenly front and back.

4. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 2, wherein: The automatic locking part includes a slot opened on the sliding sleeve and the corresponding spring rod 2 and passing through from front to back. The side of the circular frame close to the corresponding moving platform is provided with a spring plug-in that is symmetrically and elastically slidably left and right through the support 1 and is plugged into the corresponding slot. The side of the spring plug-in away from the corresponding sliding sleeve is provided with a driven rotating rod that is rotatably provided through the support 2.

5. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning and pressing part includes a wedge-shaped pressure block arranged on the side of the driven rotating rod away from the corresponding spring plug-in, and the side of the wedge-shaped pressure block close to the corresponding movable platform is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding driven rotating rod. The upper and lower adjacent wedge-shaped pressure blocks are staggered and distributed left and right and fixedly connected by connecting blocks. The lowermost wedge-shaped pressure block and the lower side of the corresponding connecting block are jointly fixed with a support platform, and the lower side of the support platform is fixedly connected to the corresponding supporting platform.

6. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driven adjustment part includes a driving plate fixedly arranged on the hot rolling equipment symmetrically on the left and right sides, the lower end of the driving plate is an inclined surface, and a driven frame is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the movable table. A through groove running through the front and back is opened on the driven frame, and the end of the driven frame close to the conveying equipment is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding inclined surface of the driving plate.

7. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning locking part includes a plurality of positioning grooves evenly opened on the upper side of the driven frame and corresponding to the return frame. A mounting frame is fixedly provided symmetrically on the left and right sides of the hot rolling equipment, and an oblique baffle is fixedly provided at the lower end of the mounting frame. A clamping plate that engages with the positioning groove is provided on the mounting frame and located on the upper side of the oblique baffle and is elastically rotated by a torsion spring shaft.

8. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driven unlocking part includes a plurality of wedge-shaped push platforms that are evenly slid left and right on the upper side of the driven frame and correspond to the positioning grooves. The side of the wedge-shaped push platform close to the inclined surface of the driven frame is an inclined surface that is pressed and matched with the corresponding card plate. A plurality of sliding shafts 1 that are slidably connected to the driven frame are evenly fixed on the front and back of the lower side of the wedge-shaped push platform. The lower ends of all the sliding shafts 1 are jointly fixed with a moving plate that is located in the corresponding through groove and moves left and right. A spring rod four that is fixedly connected to the moving plate is elastically slidably provided in the through groove and on the side of the moving plate away from the inclined surface of the driven frame through a support three.

9. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission part includes a gear that is rotated by a support four and is arranged below the corresponding movable plate. Racks that are meshed and connected are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the gear. The upper rack is fixed on the lower side of the corresponding movable plate, and the lower rack is slidably connected to the support four through a sliding shaft two that moves left and right. An L-shaped plate is fixed on the side of the lower rack close to the inclined surface of the driven frame.

10. The method for producing a large copper busbar according to claim 6, characterized in that: The active reset part includes a receiving groove provided on the side of the mobile platform away from the corresponding fixed platform, a sliding groove running through the upper and lower sides is provided on the lower side of the driven frame, a cylinder is fixedly provided on the side of the driven frame close to the fixed platform, a push plate is fixedly provided on the telescopic end of the cylinder and is slidably matched with the corresponding receiving groove and the sliding groove, and a guide rod slidably connected to the driven frame is fixedly provided on the side of the push plate close to the fixed platform in a front-to-back symmetrical manner.

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