A deep blind hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) device and method for steps

Abstract

This invention relates to an electrical discharge machining (EDM) apparatus and method for deep blind holes with stepped surfaces, belonging to the field of machining equipment. The method includes: acquiring the gripper angle and the corresponding gripper number; defining the gripper number based on the gripper angle; performing gripping, machining, inspection, and unloading operations based on the gripper number; acquiring gripping completion, machining completion, inspection completion, and unloading completion signals upon completion of these operations; and performing a reversal operation and re-acquiring the gripper angle and the corresponding gripper number when all three signals are received. This invention improves machining efficiency and accuracy while ensuring stability during the machining process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and in particular to an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device and method for deep blind holes with stepped surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, deep blind hole EDM equipment is a special processing equipment developed to meet the demand for complex parts processing in fields such as aerospace, precision molds, and high-end machinery. Its core background stems from the limitations of traditional machining in the field of deep blind holes—tools are prone to breakage, cutting forces are large, heat dissipation and chip removal are difficult, and it is almost impossible to process materials with high hardness and high toughness.

[0003] Deep blind hole EDM avoids direct contact between the electrode and the workpiece during processing, thus eliminating the mechanical cutting forces of traditional machining. This makes it suitable for machining thin-walled and easily deformable parts. It reduces workpiece deformation caused by stress, ensuring machining stability. It can machine conductive materials with high hardness, brittleness, and toughness, such as hardened steel, cemented carbide, and high-temperature alloys, which are difficult or even impossible to machine using traditional cutting methods. It can achieve micron-level precision and low surface roughness, making it suitable for precision parts machining. Current mainstream deep blind hole machining can control the temperature below 120℃ during processing, reducing thermal deformation, improving hole wall quality, and offering advantages such as high processing speed, ability to handle various materials, low noise, and high efficiency. Existing technologies require machining such... Figure 1 The shaft shown is first machined with a first blind hole of 46mm in diameter on the end face of the shaft, then a second blind hole of 32mm in diameter is machined at the bottom of the first blind hole, and finally a third blind hole of 11mm in diameter is machined at the bottom of the second blind hole.

[0004] Regarding the above content, such as Figure 1 The step blind hole shown requires three different diameter electrodes, which requires three processing stations and three additional supporting equipment. After one blind hole is processed, the operator needs to manually remove it and place it on another electrode, resulting in high equipment and labor costs. There is still room for improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problem of manually changing electrodes, this invention provides an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device and method for deep blind holes with stepped surfaces.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device for deep blind holes with stepped surfaces, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A deep blind hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) device with stepped surfaces includes:

[0008] The lifting bracket is equipped with a clamping assembly, which includes a slide rail, a movable seat, and a clamping jaw for clamping the shaft to be processed. The slide rail is vertically mounted on the lifting bracket, the movable seat is slidably connected to the slide rail along the length of the slide rail, and the clamping jaw is movably connected to the movable seat.

[0009] A liquid pool is located on one side of the lifting support. When the gripper moves above the liquid pool, a bearing groove is provided above the liquid pool for the liquid and the shaft to be processed to enter.

[0010] An electrode is disposed at the bottom of the support tank and is connected to an external power source. When the gripper moves above the liquid pool, the electrode and the shaft to be processed, which is held on the gripper, are coaxially arranged. The electrode includes a first step, a second step, and a third step, which are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the first step is the same as the inner diameter of the first blind hole, the diameter of the second step is the same as the inner diameter of the second blind hole, and the diameter of the third step is the same as the inner diameter of the third blind hole.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, one-time processing of deep blind holes in steps can be achieved without manual intervention to replace electrodes, thereby significantly improving processing efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0012] Optionally, a base is also included, comprising a support portion and a machining portion, which are integrally formed. The lifting bracket is mounted on the support portion. The movable seat is provided with a horizontal slide rail and a fixed plate. The horizontal slide rail is slidably connected to the fixed plate. A first lifting cylinder is provided on the fixed plate. A support shaft is provided on the side of the piston of the first lifting cylinder away from the support portion. A second lifting cylinder is provided at the end of the support shaft away from the first lifting cylinder. The piston of the second lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the gripper on the side away from the support shaft. The liquid pool is disposed on the processing unit, and the processing unit is provided with a guiding assembly. The guiding assembly includes an alignment bracket and a guide block. The end of the alignment bracket near the processing unit is fixedly connected to the processing unit, and the end of the alignment bracket away from the processing unit is fixedly connected to the side of the guide block away from the bracket. The guide block has a guide hole on the side near the liquid pool. The diameter of the bottom of the guide block is the same as the outer diameter of the shaft to be processed. The diameter of the guide block gradually decreases from the side near the gripper to the side away from the gripper. The guide hole and the electrode are coaxially arranged.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this invention, through the setting of guide blocks with a gradually changing diameter, can accurately position and guide the axis to be processed, ensuring its coaxiality with the electrode and thus improving processing accuracy. Simultaneously, the base's support and processing sections are designed as a single unit, improving the overall structural strength and rigidity, reducing deformation caused by vibration or external forces, and ensuring processing quality during long-term operation. The cooperation between the rotating shaft and the crossbar allows the alignment column to be quickly moved to the designated position when needed, improving the equipment's flexibility and reducing the need for manual intervention.

[0014] Optionally, the base further includes a detection unit, which is fixedly connected to the support unit. The detection unit is provided with a detection assembly, which includes a detection column as a resistor, a detection base, a first detection line, and a second detection line. The detection column is slidably connected to the detection base in the vertical direction. The resistance of the detection column is evenly distributed along the length of the column. The first detection line is electrically connected to the end of the detection column away from the detection unit. One end of the second detection line is provided with a metal wire loop. The metal wire loop is sleeved on the detection column and abuts against the detection unit. The detection column, the metal wire loop, and the second detection line are electrically connected in sequence. The first detection line and the second detection line are both connected in series with the same external power supply and an ammeter. The detection assembly also includes a driving component that drives a limiting block to abut against the bottom wall of the blind hole of the shaft to be processed and drives the limiting block to return to its original position.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the detection component of this invention, through the design of a resistive detection column, can detect the machining depth of the shaft to be processed, ensuring that each machining operation meets the preset accuracy requirements. The detection column slides vertically and forms a series circuit with an external power supply and ammeter through a metal wire ring. When the limiting block abuts against the bottom wall of the blind hole of the shaft to be processed under the action of the driving component, the depth of the blind hole is calculated by detecting the change in resistance value. This design not only improves the sensitivity of detection but also reduces the cost of manual intervention, further improving the automation level of the equipment.

[0016] Optionally, the driving component is a third lifting cylinder and a compression spring. The piston surface of the third lifting cylinder near the detection column is fixedly connected to the detection column. A limiting block is provided at one end of the detection column away from the detection part. The compression spring is sleeved on the detection column. One end of the compression spring abuts against the detection part, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the limiting block.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the compression spring provides a stable driving force to the detection column, ensuring that the limiting block can tightly abut against the bottom wall of the blind hole of the shaft to be processed. This elastic connection method can not only adapt to the detection needs of blind holes of different lengths, but also simplifies the structural complexity, reduces maintenance costs, and further enhances the reliability and durability of the equipment.

[0018] Optionally, the support portion is provided with a rotary cylinder, and the piston plate of the rotary cylinder is fixedly connected to the shaft to be processed and the side of the lifting bracket near the support portion. When the rotary cylinder drives the lifting bracket to rotate, the shaft to be processed held by the gripper moves from above the processing portion to above the detection portion.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotary cylinder enables rapid switching of the grippers between different workstations, significantly improving the equipment's working efficiency. When the rotary cylinder drives the lifting bracket to rotate, the machining axis held by the grippers can be smoothly transferred between the machining and inspection sections, avoiding errors and time losses caused by manual handling. Furthermore, the fixed connection design between the rotary cylinder and the lifting bracket enhances the rigidity of the overall structure, effectively reducing positioning deviations caused by equipment vibration or external interference, thus ensuring continuous and efficient production.

[0020] Optionally, the base also includes a discharge section, which is fixedly connected to the support section (11). The discharge section is provided with a discharge box, and a drive motor is provided on the outer side wall of the discharge box. The output shaft of the drive motor is also connected to a rotating shaft, and a guide plate is provided on the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft gripper moves to the discharge section, the shaft to be processed is guided to fall and enter the discharge box through the guide plate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the unloading section design enables automatic collection of workpieces after processing, reducing manual operation. The guide plate accurately guides the machining shaft from the grippers into the unloading box. This structure not only improves unloading efficiency but also ensures the continuity of the entire processing flow. Simultaneously, the fixed connection between the unloading box and the support structure enhances the overall stability of the equipment, ensuring that vibration will not affect the unloading effect during long-term operation.

[0022] Optionally, the unloading section is also provided with a waste bin, which is located on the side of the unloading box near the lifting support.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive motor allows the guide plate to be angled as needed, thus more flexibly guiding qualified and unqualified processing shafts into the corresponding collection areas. The combined use of the rotating shaft and the drive motor enhances the automation level of the equipment and reduces the need for manual intervention.

[0024] Optionally, the base also includes a loading section, which is fixedly connected to the support section. The loading section is equipped with a rotary cylinder, and a disc is fixedly connected to the piston plate of the rotary cylinder. Several placement slots for placing the shaft to be processed are opened on the disc. The placement slots are arranged along the circumference of the disc. When the lifting support rotates to the point where the gripper is above the disc, one of the placement slots is located below the gripper.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the loading section enables automatic supply of the shafts to be processed, reducing the tedious manual placement of workpieces. The placement slots on the disc are evenly distributed circumferentially, accommodating multiple shafts to be processed. A rotary cylinder drives the disc to rotate, ensuring that each placement slot moves sequentially to its designated position under the gripper. This structure not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of loading but also ensures the automation and continuity of the entire processing flow. Simultaneously, the fixed connection between the loading section and the support section enhances the overall stability of the equipment, preventing positional deviations caused by vibration during long-term operation and providing a reliable guarantee for efficient and precise processing.

[0026] Optionally, the number of clamping components is several and they are arranged circumferentially along the lifting bracket.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement of multiple gripping components enables the simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces, further improving the equipment's working efficiency and processing capacity. Each gripping component is arranged circumferentially along the lifting bracket, ensuring that each gripper can precisely engage with different workstations during rotation, avoiding waiting time caused by frequent switching. Furthermore, this design also enables parallel processing at multiple workstations, thereby significantly shortening the overall processing cycle.

[0028] Secondly, this invention provides a method for electrical discharge machining of deep blind holes with stepped surfaces, employing the following technical solution:

[0029] A method for machining deep blind holes with steps, applied to the aforementioned machining equipment for deep blind holes with steps, includes:

[0030] Step 100: Obtain the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle;

[0031] Step 101: When the gripper angle is at the loading section, define the corresponding gripper number as the gripping gripper number;

[0032] Step 102: Control the gripper with the specified gripper number to perform a preset gripping operation on the shaft to be processed and obtain a gripping completion signal;

[0033] Step 103: When the gripper angle is within the machining section, define the corresponding gripper number as the machining gripper number;

[0034] Step 104: Control the gripper with the specified machining gripper number to perform a preset electrical discharge machining operation and obtain a machining completion signal;

[0035] Step 105: When the gripper angle is at the detection unit, define the corresponding gripper number as the detection gripper number;

[0036] Step 106: Control the detection gripper number to perform a preset hole depth measurement operation and obtain a detection completion signal;

[0037] Step 107: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the detection gripper number is at the unloading section, the corresponding gripper number is defined as the unloading gripper number;

[0038] Step 108: Control the unloading gripper number to perform the preset unloading operation and obtain the unloading completion signal;

[0039] Step 109: When the clamping completion signal, the processing completion signal, the detection completion signal, and the unloading completion signal are all received, execute the preset turning operation and reacquire the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, after receiving all completion signals, the system will automatically perform a steering operation to ensure that the gripper can be accurately adjusted to the position of the next workstation. This process is achieved through the coordinated work of the rotary cylinder and the lifting bracket, ensuring smooth switching of the gripper between different workstations and avoiding positioning deviations caused by vibration or external interference. After the steering operation is completed, the system will re-acquire the current position and number information of the gripper, providing accurate data support for the next stage of the task.

[0041] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0042] Electrodes with stepped diameters enable the machining of multi-stage stepped deep blind holes in one operation, eliminating the need for frequent electrode changes or workstation adjustments, thereby significantly improving machining efficiency and equipment utilization.

[0043] The depth of the hole in the machined shaft is determined by measuring the resistance, ensuring that the machining accuracy meets the preset blind hole depth requirements. The principle of resistance measurement is based on the change in the contact state between the detection post and the shaft to be machined. When the limiting block is tightly against the bottom wall of the blind hole, the resistance value in the circuit will change. This change is recorded in real time by an ammeter, and the hole depth is finally determined based on the resistance value.

[0044] The guide block design allows for precise positioning and guidance of the shaft to be machined, ensuring coaxiality with the electrode and thus improving machining accuracy. The diameter of the guide block gradually decreases from the side closer to the gripper to the side further away. This gradual design not only accommodates shafts of different sizes but also progressively corrects positional deviations during movement, reducing errors caused by human operation or equipment vibration. Furthermore, the bottom diameter of the guide block's groove is the same as the outer diameter of the shaft to be machined, ensuring high-precision alignment upon entering the bearing groove and eliminating the need for secondary adjustments. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blind hole of the shaft to be machined;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base and support section, the loading section, the processing section, the inspection section, and the unloading section;

[0049] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the feeding assembly;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the shaft to be processed forms a coaxial shape with the electrode through the guide assembly during the processing.

[0051] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the testing department;

[0052] Figure 8 This is an exploded diagram of the rotating operation of the lifting support.

[0053] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above attached diagrams are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Shaft to be processed; 11. Support unit; 12. Loading unit; 13. Processing unit; 14. Inspection unit; 15. Unloading unit; 111. Rotary cylinder; 112. Lifting support; 113. Clamping assembly; 121. Loading assembly; 131. Processing assembly; 132. Guide assembly; 141. Inspection assembly; 151. Unloading assembly; 1121. Lifting base; 1131. Slide rail; 1132. Moving seat; 1133. Gripper; 1211. Disc; 1212. Loading rotary cylinder; 12111 1311 Placement slot; 13112 Electrode; 13111 First step; 13112 Second step; 13113 Third step; 1312 Liquid pool; 1321 Alignment bracket; 1322 Guide block; 13121 Bearing slot; 1411 Detection base; 1412 Detection column; 1413 Limiting block; 14121 First detection line; 14122 Second detection line; 14123 Compression spring; 1511 Unloading box; 1512 Waste box; 1513 Guide plate; 21 First blind hole; 22 Second blind hole; 23 Third blind hole. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] This invention discloses an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device for deep blind holes with stepped surfaces. Example 1

[0056] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) device includes:

[0057] A clamping assembly 113 is connected to one side of the lifting bracket 112. The clamping assembly 113 includes a slide rail 1131, a movable seat 1132, and a jaw 1133 for clamping the shaft 2 to be processed. The slide rail 1131 is slidably connected to the lifting bracket 112 in the vertical direction to control the jaw 1133 to clamp the shaft 2 to be processed and move up and down. The movable seat 1132 is slidably connected to the slide rail 1131 in the length direction of the slide rail 1131. The jaw 1133 is movably connected to the movable seat 1132.

[0058] A liquid pool 1312, fixedly placed on one side of the lifting bracket 112, is used to hold the working fluid. When the gripper 1133 moves above the liquid pool 1312, a carrying groove 13121 is provided above the liquid pool 1312 for the liquid and the shaft to be processed 2 to enter; and

[0059] Combination Figure 3Electrode 1311 is fixed to the bottom of the support groove 13121. Electrode 1311 is connected to an external power source. When the gripper 1133 moves above the liquid pool 1312, electrode 1311 and the shaft to be processed 2 clamped on the gripper 1133 are coaxially arranged to improve the accuracy of the processing. Electrode 1311 includes a first step portion 13111, a second step portion 13112, and a third step portion 13113. The first step portion 13111, the second step portion 13112, and the third step portion 13113 are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the first step portion 13111 is the same as the inner diameter of the first blind hole 21. The diameter of the second step portion 13112 is the same as the inner diameter of the second blind hole 22. The diameter of the third step portion 13113 is the same as the inner diameter of the third blind hole 23.

[0060] The implementation principle of Example 1 is as follows: During the processing, the shaft to be processed 2 is first placed on the gripper 1133. By controlling the slide rail 1131 and the moving seat 1132, the gripper 1133 is lowered into the slot above the liquid pool 1312. At this time, the shaft to be processed 2 and the electrode 1311 are coaxially arranged. After the power is turned on, an electric spark discharge is generated between the electrode 1311 and the shaft to be processed 2, and the processing operation is performed. Since the electrode 1311 includes a first step portion 13111, a second step portion 13112, and a third step portion 13113, and the diameter of each step portion matches the inner diameter of the blind hole on the shaft to be processed 2, the processing of multi-level stepped deep blind holes can be completed in one go, thus eliminating the need to frequently change the electrode 1311 or adjust the work position, significantly improving processing efficiency and equipment utilization. Example 2

[0061] Reference Figure 4 A deep blind hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) device includes a base 1, a lifting bracket 112, a clamping assembly 113, a loading assembly 121, a processing assembly 131, a detection assembly 141, and an unloading assembly 151. The base 1 includes a support section 11, a loading section 12, a processing section 13, a detection section 14, and an unloading section 15. The loading section 12, processing section 13, detection section 14, and unloading section 15 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the support section 11 and are all fixedly connected to the support section 11.

[0062] A lifting base 1121 is fixedly connected to the side of the lifting bracket 112 near the bracket part 11. The lifting base 1121 is rotatably connected to the piston surface of the rotary cylinder 111 near the lifting base. The rotary cylinder 111 is embedded in the bracket part 11. A clamping assembly 113 is installed on the lifting bracket 112 to clamp the shaft. A feeding assembly 121 is installed on the feeding part 12 to provide the shaft 2 to be processed. The clamping assembly 113 is installed on the processing part 13 to perform stepped deep blind hole processing on the shaft 2 to be processed. An inspection assembly 141 is installed on the inspection part 14 to inspect the deep blind hole of the processed shaft. An unloading assembly 151 is installed on the unloading part 15 to unload the inspected shaft.

[0063] The number of gripping components 113 is several; here, four gripping components 113 are used as an example. The gripping components 113 are arranged along the circumference of the lifting bracket 112. Each gripping component 113 includes a slide rail 1131, a movable seat 1132, and grippers 1133. The slide rail 1131 is fixedly installed on the lifting bracket 112, and the slide rail 1131 and the lifting bracket 112 are arranged parallel to each other. The movable seat 1132 is fixedly connected to a horizontal slide rail and a fixed plate. The horizontal slide rail slides to connect the fixed plate, enabling the fixed plate to move laterally. A first lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. A support shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the piston of the lifting cylinder away from the bracket 11. A second lifting cylinder is connected to the end of the support shaft away from the first lifting cylinder. The piston of the second lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the gripper 1133 on the side away from the support shaft. The first lifting cylinder drives the gripper 1133 to move back and forth by pushing the support shaft. The second lifting cylinder pushes the gripper 1133 to achieve the gripping effect of the gripper 1133.

[0064] Reference Figure 5 The feeding assembly 121 includes a disc 1211 and a feeding rotary cylinder 1212. The feeding rotary cylinder 1212 is mounted on the feeding section 12, and its piston disc is fixedly connected to the disc 1211 to drive the disc 1211 to rotate. The disc 1211 is provided with a plurality of placement slots 12111 for accommodating the shaft 2 to be processed. All placement slots 12111 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc 1211.

[0065] When the gripper 1133 is positioned above the loading section 12, the placement groove 12111 is located below the gripper 1133, allowing the gripper 1133 to directly clamp the shaft 2 to be processed.

[0066] The processing assembly 131 includes an electrode 1311 and a liquid tank 1312. The liquid tank 1312 is fixedly connected to the processing unit 13 and is located on one side of the lifting bracket 112. The liquid tank 1312 has a support groove 13121 for the working fluid and the shaft to be processed 2 to enter. When the gripper 1133 moves above the liquid tank 1312, the shaft to be processed 2 is located above the support groove 13121. The electrode 1311 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support groove 13121 and is connected to an external power source. When the gripper 1133 moves above the liquid tank 1312, the electrode 1311 and the shaft to be processed 2 clamped on the gripper 1133 are coaxially arranged. To accommodate deep blind holes with stepped surfaces, electrode 1311 includes a first stepped portion 13111, a second stepped portion 13112, and a third stepped portion 13113. These three portions are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the first stepped portion 13111 is the same as the inner diameter of the first blind hole 21, the diameter of the second stepped portion 13112 is the same as the inner diameter of the second blind hole 22, and the diameter of the third stepped portion 13113 is the same as the inner diameter of the third blind hole 23. When the shaft to be processed 2, clamped on the gripper 1133, is coaxial with electrode 1311, the system controls the slide rail 1131 corresponding to the gripper 1133 to move downwards to a preset processing height. The processing height refers to the height at which the side of the shaft to be processed 2 clamped on the gripper 1133 closest to the processing section 13 abuts against the opening of the liquid pool 1312. When the gripper 1133 moves the shaft 2 to be processed above the liquid pool 1312 and lowers it to the preset processing height, the working fluid fills the support tank 13121, forming a stable discharge environment. At this time, an external power supply applies a pulse voltage to the shaft 2 to be processed through the electrode 1311, thereby generating a high-frequency electric spark discharge between the two. Since the electrode 1311 is designed with a multi-step structure, it can meet the processing requirements of blind holes of different depths and diameters.

[0067] Reference Figure 6 To ensure that the shaft to be processed 2 and the electrode 1311 are coaxially aligned, a guide assembly 132 is also installed on the processing unit 13. The guide assembly 132 includes an alignment bracket 1321 and a guide block 1322. The end of the alignment bracket 1321 near the processing unit 13 is fixedly connected to the processing unit 13 to maintain the stability of the guide assembly 132. The end of the alignment bracket 1321 away from the processing unit 13 is fixedly connected to the side of the guide block 1322 away from the bracket part 11. The bottom diameter of the guide block 1322 is the same as the outer diameter of the shaft to be processed 2, and the axis of the groove bottom is coaxial with the axis of the electrode 1311 to realize the calibration operation between the shaft to be processed 2 and the electrode 1311. The diameter of the guide block 1322 gradually decreases from the side near the gripper 1133 to the side away from the gripper 1133 to reduce the range of motion of the shaft to be processed 2, so that the shaft to be processed 2 gradually aligns with the electrode 1311 during the vertical upward movement.

[0068] The detection component 141 includes a detection column 1412, a detection base 1411, a third lifting cylinder, a limit block 1413, and a compression spring 14123.

[0069] Reference Figure 7 The detection base 1411 is fixedly connected to the detection part 14, the detection column 1412 slides vertically and is connected to the detection base 1411 and extends to the top of the detection base 1411, and the limiting block 1413 is fixedly connected to the end of the detection column 1412 away from the detection part 14.

[0070] A third lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the detection column 1412 near the detection part 14. A compression spring 14123 is sleeved on the outside of the detection column 1412. One end of the compression spring 14123 abuts against the detection part 14, and the other end abuts against the limiting block 1413, so as to drive the limiting block 1413 to move the detection column 1412 upward and make the limiting block 1413 abut against the bottom wall of the blind hole of the shaft to be processed 2. The end of the detection column 1412 away from the detection base 1411 is electrically connected to the first detection line 14121. The second detection line 14122 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection base 1411. One end of the second detection line 14122 is fixedly connected to a metal wire ring. The metal wire ring is sleeved on the detection column 1412 and abuts against the side of the detection base 1411 near the limiting block 1413. The detection column 1412, the metal wire ring and the second detection line 14122 are electrically connected in sequence. The first detection line 14121 and the second detection line 14122 are both connected in series with the same external power supply and the ammeter to form a complete circuit loop. When the compression spring 14123 drives the limiting block 1413 to abut against the bottom wall of the third blind hole 23 of the shaft to be processed 2, the third lifting cylinder pushes the detection column 1412 to move vertically upward. As the distance between the metal wire ring and the limiting block 1413 increases, the resistance value in the circuit increases. This change is recorded in real time by the ammeter, and the processing depth of the blind hole is judged based on the change in resistance value.

[0071] The unloading assembly 151 includes an unloading box 1511, a waste box 1512, a guide plate 1513, a rotating shaft, and a drive motor. The unloading box 1511 is fixedly connected to the unloading section 15, with its opening facing upwards, for collecting processed shafts. The drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the unloading box 1511, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the rotating shaft, for driving the guide plate 1513 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft. One end of the guide plate 1513 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end can swing with the rotation of the rotating shaft. The angle adjustment of the guide plate 1513 can flexibly guide qualified and unqualified processed shafts to their corresponding collection areas. Furthermore, the waste box 1512 is installed on the side of the unloading box 1511 near the lifting bracket 112, for classifying and collecting unqualified processed shafts. When the gripper 1133 moves a qualified shaft 2 to the unloading section 15, the guide plate 1513 rotates the rotating shaft under the control of the drive motor. The guide plate 1513, along with the rotating shaft, closes the opening of the waste trough, allowing the shaft 2 to fall into the unloading box 1511. The machined shaft is precisely guided into the unloading box 1511 or the waste box 1512. When the gripper 1133 moves a defective shaft 2 to the unloading section 15, the drive motor reverses, causing the rotating shaft to swing the guide plate 1513 in the opposite direction. At this time, the opening of the waste box 1512 is opened, and the gripper 1133 places the defective shaft into the waste box 1512.

[0072] The implementation principle of Example 2 is as follows: During the processing, the shaft to be processed 2 is first placed on the gripper 1133. By controlling the slide rail 1131 and the moving seat 1132, the gripper 1133 is raised to the guide block 1322 to achieve coaxial arrangement of the shaft to be processed 2 and the electrode 1311. Then, the slide rail 1131 and the moving seat 1132 are lowered into the slot above the liquid pool 1312. After the power is turned on, an electric spark discharge is generated between the electrode 1311 and the shaft to be processed 2 to perform the processing operation. Since electrode 1311 includes a first step portion 13111, a second step portion 13112, and a third step portion 13113, and the diameter of each step portion matches the inner diameter of the blind hole on the shaft to be processed 2, after the gripper 1133 is processed, the lifting base 1121 is rotated to the detection unit 14 by controlling the rotary cylinder 111. The slide rail 1131 and the moving seat 1132 are controlled to drive the shaft to be processed 2 held by the gripper 1133 to abut against the limiting block 1413. The limiting block 1413 compresses the shaft to be processed 2 through the compression spring 14123. At the third blind hole 23, the resistance change obtained through the first detection line 14121 and the second detection line 14122 is converted into the length change of the compression spring 14123, and the blind hole depth of the shaft to be processed 2 is obtained. When the blind hole depth does not meet the standard, the rotary cylinder 111 is controlled to rotate the lifting base 1121 to the unloading section 15, and the unloading operation is not performed, waiting for the next round of processing operation. The rotary cylinder 111 is controlled to rotate the lifting base 1121 to the loading section 12, and the gripper 1133 is not used to pick up the shaft to be processed from the disc 1211. Operation of shaft 2: When the blind hole depth exceeds the standard, control the drive motor to rotate the guide plate 1513 so that the shaft to be processed 2 falls into the waste bin 1512. Control the rotary cylinder 111 to rotate the lifting base 1121 to the loading part 12, and execute the operation of the gripper 1133 to grip the shaft to be processed 2 on the disc 1211. After the gripper 1133 grips the shaft to be processed 2, control the loading rotary cylinder 1212 to rotate the disc 1211 so that the position of the shaft to be processed 2 on the disc 1211 falls into the gripper 1133 in the loading part 12. Position; When the blind hole depth reaches the standard, control the drive motor to rotate the guide plate 1513 so that the shaft to be processed 2 falls into the unloading box 1511. Control the rotary cylinder 111 to rotate the lifting base 1121 to the loading part 12, and execute the operation of the gripper 1133 to grip the shaft to be processed 2 on the disc 1211. After the gripper 1133 grips the shaft to be processed 2, control the loading rotary cylinder 1212 to rotate the disc 1211 so that the position of the shaft to be processed 2 placed on the disc 1211 falls into the gripping position of the gripper 1133 in the loading part 12. Example 3

[0073] A method for machining deep blind holes with steps using electrical discharge machining, comprising:

[0074] Step 100: Obtain the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle.

[0075] Here, the processing method is applied to an EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) machine for deep blind holes with steps.

[0076] The gripper angle refers to the specific angle value that needs to be adjusted when the gripper 1133 switches between different workstations. The gripper angle is fed back to the system via a direction sensor on the moving base 1132. Since there are four workstations corresponding to four grippers 1133, a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant, and a fourth quadrant are established. The first quadrant is the loading section 12, the second quadrant is the processing section 13, the third quadrant is the detection section 14, and the fourth quadrant is the unloading section 15 to ensure the accuracy of docking at each workstation. The gripper number is a unique identifier used to distinguish different grippers 1133, facilitating precise scheduling and management of the system in multi-workstation operations. By obtaining the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle, the system can clearly identify the current workstation of the gripper 1133 and its corresponding task status.

[0077] Step 101: When the gripper angle is at the loading section 12, define the corresponding gripper number as the gripping gripper number.

[0078] When the gripper angle is in the first quadrant, gripper 1133 is determined to be in the loading section 12. When gripper 1133 is in the loading section 12, it indicates that gripper 1133 needs to perform the operation of gripping the shaft 2 to be processed. The system identifies the specific gripper 1133 based on the gripper angle and defines it as the gripper number. At this time, the loading rotary cylinder 1212 drives the disc 1211 to rotate, moving the placement slot 12111 containing the shaft 2 to a preset designated gripping position below gripper 1133. The designated gripping position refers to the position where the placement slot 12111 and the gripper 1133 are aligned at their gripping centers. The system controls the rotation of the disc 1211 by the loading rotary cylinder 1212 to a preset rotation angle to ensure precise alignment of the placement slot 12111. The rotation angle of the disc 1211 will be described later and will not be repeated here. Once alignment is complete, the gripper 1133 moves downward to the preset gripping height under the drive of the lifting cylinder to complete the gripping operation of the shaft 2 to be processed. The gripping height refers to the height at which the gripper 1133 can stably grip the shaft 2 to be processed. After gripping is completed, the lifting cylinder raises the gripper 1133 to the initial position, and at the same time, the system generates a gripping completion signal and records the current status information of the gripper 1133.

[0079] Step 102: Control the gripper 1133 with the gripper number to perform the preset gripping operation of the shaft to be processed 2 and obtain the gripping completion signal.

[0080] The operation of gripping the axis to be processed 2 refers to the gripper 1133 performing a gripping action on the axis to be processed 2 according to system instructions. Specifically, this includes the gripper 1133 performing precise opening and closing movements under the drive of the lifting cylinder to ensure a stable grip on the axis to be processed 2. The gripping completion signal is the confirmation information fed back to the system by the sensor after the gripper 1133 has successfully gripped the axis to be processed 2. After the gripper 1133 has completed gripping the axis to be processed 2, the lifting cylinder will drive the gripper 1133 upward to a preset safe height. At the same time, the system detects the status of the gripper 1133 through the sensor and generates a gripping completion signal. When the system generates a gripping completion signal, it indicates that the gripper 1133 has successfully completed the gripping task of the axis to be processed 2.

[0081] Step 103: When the gripper angle is at machining section 13, define the corresponding gripper number as the machining gripper number.

[0082] Machining section 13 refers to the area used for performing electrical discharge machining (EDM). The machining jaw number is used to identify the jaw 1133 currently performing the machining task. When the jaw angle is within machining section 13, it indicates that jaw 1133 has moved to the EDM area, and the system will assign a specific machining task based on the machining jaw number.

[0083] Step 104: Control the jaw 1133 with the machining jaw number to perform the preset electrical discharge machining operation and obtain the machining completion signal.

[0084] Electrical discharge machining (EDM) refers to the precise blind hole machining of the shaft 2 to be machined using the electrical discharge phenomenon between electrode 1311 and the shaft 2. The machining completion signal is the confirmation information generated by the system after the EDM is completed, detected by sensors.

[0085] When the machining gripper 1133 is selected, the slide rail 1131 containing the gripper number is controlled to move vertically upward, allowing one end of the shaft 2 to be machined to enter the guide block 1322. The shaft 2 is aligned with the electrode 1311 by adjusting the inner radius of the guide block 1322 during the upward movement. After coaxial operation is completed, the slide rail 1131 containing the gripper number is controlled to move vertically downward to the preset EDM height position. The system then controls the motor to discharge for EDM. During the machining process, the system monitors the discharge status in real time and controls the slide rail 1131 containing the gripper 1133 to maintain a uniform downward movement. When the discharge stops, the system controls the slide rail 1131 containing the gripper number to move vertically upward to the preset initial height position and obtains a machining completion signal.

[0086] Step 105: When the gripper angle is at the detection unit 14, the corresponding gripper number is defined as the detection gripper number.

[0087] The detection unit 14 refers to the area used for performing hole depth measurement. The detection gripper number identifies the gripper 1133 currently performing the detection task. When the gripper angle is within the detection unit 14, it indicates that the gripper 1133 has moved to the measurement position. The control gripper number controls the corresponding slide rail 1131 and moving seat 1132 to move collaboratively to the preset designated measurement position and wait for the preset measurement time. The measurement time refers to the time required for the system to complete the hole depth measurement. When the gripper 1133 moves to the designated measurement position, the third lifting cylinder pushes the detection column 1412, causing the detection column 1412 to slide vertically away from the limiting block 1413 fixedly connected to one end of the detection unit 14 and contact the bottom wall of the blind hole. During the contact process, the resistance value in the circuit changes significantly. This change is recorded in real time by the ammeter and transmitted to the system for analysis. The system determines whether the actual depth of the blind hole meets the preset requirements based on the change in resistance value and generates the corresponding detection result. If the test result shows that the blind hole depth meets the standard, the system generates a test completion signal; otherwise, the shaft is marked as a defective product and relevant data is recorded for subsequent processing. After the test is completed, the third lifting cylinder does not push the test column 1412, so that the test column 1412 is restored to the initial position by the compression spring 14123.

[0088] Step 106: Control the detection gripper number to perform the preset hole depth measurement operation and obtain the detection completion signal.

[0089] The hole depth measurement operation refers to determining the depth of the blind hole by utilizing the change in the contact state between the detection column 1412 and the shaft to be processed 2. The detection completion signal is a confirmation message generated by the system after the clamp 1133 corresponding to the detection clamp number has reached the designated measurement position and the measurement time has elapsed. During the measurement process, the detection column 1412 is controlled to move vertically until the limit block 1413 is tightly abutted against the bottom wall of the blind hole. At this time, the resistance value in the circuit will change. This change is recorded in real time by the ammeter and is ultimately used to calculate the hole depth. The specific method for calculating the hole depth by resistance is as follows: the measuring column moves vertically upward. When the limiting block 1413 abuts against the first blind hole 21 processed by the first step of the electrode 1311, the current resistance value is recorded as the first resistance value. When the limiting block 1413 abuts against the second blind hole 22 processed by the second step of the electrode 1311, the current resistance value is recorded as the second resistance value. When the limiting block 1413 abuts against the third blind hole 23 processed by the third step of the motor, the current resistance value is recorded as the third resistance value. The system calculates the actual processing depth of each blind hole based on the depths of the first blind hole 21, the second blind hole 22, and the third blind hole 23 corresponding to the first, second, and third resistance values, respectively. If the calculation results show that the depths of all blind holes meet the preset standard, the system generates a detection completion signal. The specific calculation formula is L=(R*S) / P; where R is the resistance value, P is the material resistivity, S is the conductor cross-sectional area, and L is the distance length. As the detection post 1412 moves upward, the distance between the second detection line 14122 located on the metal wire ring and the first detection line 14121 located at the end of the detection post 1412 away from the detection base 1411 increases, and the resistance value increases. It can be seen from the formula that the distance is proportional to the resistance value and increases as the resistance value increases.

[0090] Step 107: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the detection gripper number is at 15 degrees in the unloading section, the corresponding gripper number is defined as the unloading gripper number.

[0091] The unloading section 15 refers to the area used to remove processed shafts from the equipment and store them in a categorized manner. The unloading gripper number is used to identify the gripper 1133 currently performing the unloading task. When the gripper angle is in the unloading section 15, it indicates that the gripper 1133 has moved to the unloading station, and the system will define the gripper 1133 in the unloading section 15 as the unloading gripper number and assign a specific unloading task.

[0092] Step 108: Control the unloading gripper number to perform the preset unloading operation and obtain the unloading completion signal.

[0093] The unloading operation refers to the gripper 1133 placing the processed shaft into the preset unloading position according to system instructions. The unloading completion signal is the confirmation information sent to the system after the unloading operation is completed, i.e., the gripper 1133 has placed the shaft to be processed 2 into the designated unloading position. During the unloading process, if the gripper 1133 in the unloading section 15 is the gripper 1133 corresponding to the unloading gripper number, the guide plate 1513 does not adjust the angle to close the slot of the scrap box 1512, allowing the shaft to be processed 2 to slide into the unloading box 1511 and obtain the unloading completion signal.

[0094] Step 109: When the clamping completion signal, processing completion signal, detection completion signal, and unloading completion signal are all received, execute the preset turning operation and reacquire the clamp angle and the clamp number corresponding to the clamp angle.

[0095] Reference Figure 8 The steering operation refers to the rotation of the lifting base 1121 by the rotary cylinder 111 to achieve the rotation of the lifting bracket 112.

[0096] Specifically, the control involves rotating the piston surface of the rotary cylinder 111 counterclockwise by 90 degrees to the side of the lifting base, which is fixedly connected to the lifting bracket 112. The moving seat 1132 controls the gripper 1133 to move in multiple directions, precisely adjusting the gripper 1133 to the position of the next workstation. When the gripping completion signal, processing completion signal, detection completion signal, and unloading completion signal are all received, it indicates that the gripper 1133 has completed a complete work cycle, so a turning operation is performed. After the turning operation is completed, the system will re-acquire the current position and number information of the gripper 1133 to provide accurate data support for the next stage of the task, thereby realizing the automated continuous operation of the equipment.

[0097] Step 102 further includes:

[0098] Step 1020: When the system has not generated a clamping completion signal, control the feeding rotary cylinder 1212 to rotate the disk 1211 according to the preset rotation angle and accumulate the number of clamping operations.

[0099] The rotation angle of disk 1211 refers to the specific angle value required for the next placement slot 12111 after the current placement slot 12111 on disk 1211 to align with the specified clamping position. The number of clamping operations refers to the number of times the system controls the loading rotary cylinder 1212 to rotate disk 1211 according to the preset rotation angle when no clamping completion signal is received. After each rotation, the system accumulates and records the number of clamping operations to ensure that each shaft 2 to be processed in all placement slots 12111 is attempted to be clamped. If a clamping completion signal is not generated after multiple rotations, the system will trigger an abnormal handling mechanism, such as issuing an alarm or pausing the current process, awaiting manual intervention. This design effectively avoids processing interruptions caused by positioning deviations of disk 1211 or missing shafts 2 to be processed, while ensuring the continuity and stability of the loading process.

[0100] Step 1021: When the number of gripping operations is less than the preset maximum number of gripping operations threshold, control the gripper 1133 with the gripping gripper number to perform the gripping operation on the shaft to be processed 2 and obtain the gripping completion signal.

[0101] If the number of gripping attempts is less than the preset maximum gripping attempt threshold, it indicates that the gripper 1133 still has a chance to attempt to grip the shaft 2 to be processed. At this time, the system will continue to control the gripper 1133 to perform the gripping operation on the shaft 2. Driven by the lifting cylinder, the gripper 1133 readjusts its position and attempts to grab the shaft 2 to be processed in the placement slot 12111. If the gripping is successful, the system will generate a gripping completion signal and record the current status information of the gripper 1133, while simultaneously terminating further rotation of the disc 1211. Additionally, when the system receives the gripping completion signal, it will control the piston surface on the loading rotary cylinder 1212 to drive the disc 1211 to rotate by an interval angle. The interval angle is obtained by dividing the angle of the circle (360 degrees) by the number of slots on the disc 1211 used to place the shaft 2 to be processed.

[0102] Step 106 also includes:

[0103] Step 1060: When the depth of the blind hole detected is lower than the preset standard blind hole depth, the gripper number corresponding to the detection gripper 1133 is defined as the repeat processing gripper number.

[0104] The preset standard blind hole depth is the depth value corresponding to each step, which is determined by the processing requirements and the design parameters of electrode 1311. The repeat processing gripper number refers to the information identifier used to identify the gripper 1133 that needs to be repeatedly processed for the blind hole. If the detection result shows that the blind hole depth is lower than the standard value, the system will mark the current gripper number as the repeat processing gripper number and trigger the repeat processing process.

[0105] Step 1061: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the repeated processing gripper number is at the unloading section 15 and the loading section 12, directly obtain the unloading completion signal and the loading completion signal.

[0106] When the gripper angle corresponding to the repeated processing gripper number is between the unloading section 15 and the loading section 12, it indicates that gripper 1133 needs to perform unloading and loading operations. However, gripper 1133 needs to repeat the processing of the currently held shaft 2, so gripper 1133 needs to skip the unloading and loading operations. The unloading completion signal and loading completion signal will be introduced in later content and will not be elaborated here.

[0107] Step 1062: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the repeated processing gripper number is in the processing section 13, execute steps 103 to 106.

[0108] When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the repeated processing gripper number is at the processing section 13, it indicates that the gripper 1133 can perform processing operations to ensure that the blind hole depth reaches the standard blind hole depth. Therefore, steps 103 to 106 are executed to restore the normal equipment operation logic.

[0109] Step 1063: When the depth of the blind hole detected is higher than the standard blind hole depth, the gripper number corresponding to the detection gripper 1133 is defined as the waste gripper number.

[0110] The scrap gripper number is used to identify gripper 1133, which is required to transport defective products to the scrap collection area. When a blind hole depth is detected to be higher than the standard blind hole depth, it indicates that the shaft 2 to be processed held by gripper 1133 has been over-processed and cannot meet the standard blind hole depth requirement. The system will then mark the current gripper number as a scrap gripper number and trigger the scrap handling process.

[0111] Step 108 further includes:

[0112] Step 1080: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the waste gripper number is at 15 degrees in the unloading section, execute the preset waste processing operation and obtain the unloading completion signal.

[0113] The scrap handling operation refers to the gripper 1133 placing the processed shaft into the preset designated unloading position according to system instructions, and the drive motor controlling the guide plate 1513 to adjust the angle to open the slot of the scrap bin 1512, allowing the shaft to be processed 2 to slide into the scrap bin 1512. When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the scrap gripper number is at the unloading section 15, it indicates that the gripper 1133 needs to perform a scrap handling task. The system will control the corresponding gripper 1133 to move to the designated position of the unloading section 15 according to the scrap gripper number. After the gripper 1133 moves to the designated position of the unloading section 15, the drive motor is started to control the guide plate 1513 to swing according to the preset opening angle of the scrap bin 1512 slot, opening the scrap bin 1512 slot, ensuring that the defective product can slide smoothly into the scrap bin 1512. The opening angle of the scrap bin 1512 slot is the specific angle value required for the guide plate 1513 to swing from the closed scrap bin 1512 slot to the fully open scrap bin 1512 slot. After the scrap bin 1512 slot is open, the gripper 1133 releases the shaft to be processed 2, allowing it to fall into the scrap bin 1512 and obtains the unloading completion signal.

[0114] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep blind hole electrical discharge machining (EDM) device for stepped holes, characterized in that, include: The lifting bracket (112) is provided with a clamping assembly (113). The clamping assembly (113) includes a slide rail (1131), a movable seat (1132), and a jaw (1133) for clamping the shaft (2) to be processed. The slide rail (1131) is arranged vertically on the lifting bracket (112). The movable seat (1132) is slidably connected to the slide rail (1131) along the length direction of the slide rail (1131). The jaw (1133) is movably connected to the movable seat (1132). A liquid pool (1312) is located on one side of the lifting bracket (112). When the gripper (1133) moves above the liquid pool (1312), a bearing groove (13121) is provided above the liquid pool (1312) for the liquid and the shaft to be processed (2) to enter. An electrode (1311) is located at the bottom of the bearing groove (13121). The electrode (1311) is connected to an external power source. When the gripper (1133) moves above the liquid pool (1312), the electrode (1311) and the shaft to be processed (2) clamped on the gripper (1133) are connected to the external power source. The shaft to be processed (2) is coaxially arranged. The electrode (1311) includes a first step portion (13111), a second step portion (13112), and a third step portion (13113). The first step portion (13111), the second step portion (13112), and the third step portion (13113) are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the first step portion (13111) is the same as the inner diameter of the first blind hole (21). The diameter of the second step portion (13112) is the same as the inner diameter of the second blind hole (22). The diameter of the third step portion (13113) is the same as the inner diameter of the third blind hole (23).

2. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a base (1), which includes a support part (11) and a processing part (13). The support part (11) and the processing part (13) are integrally formed. The lifting bracket (112) is provided on the support part (11). The movable seat (1132) is provided with a horizontal slide rail and a fixed plate. The horizontal slide rail is slidably connected to the fixed plate. The fixed plate is provided with a first lifting cylinder. The piston of the first lifting cylinder is provided with a support shaft on the side away from the support part (11). The end of the support shaft away from the first lifting cylinder is provided with a second lifting cylinder. The piston of the second lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the gripper (1133) on the side away from the support shaft. The liquid pool (1312) is provided on the processing part (13). The processing part (13) is provided with a guide assembly (13). 2) The guide assembly (132) includes an alignment bracket (1321) and a guide block (1322). The end of the alignment bracket (1321) near the processing part (13) is fixedly connected to the processing part (13). The end of the alignment bracket (1321) away from the processing part (13) is fixedly connected to the side of the guide block (1322) away from the bracket part (11). The guide block (1322) has a guide hole on the side near the liquid pool (1312). The diameter of the bottom of the guide block (1322) is the same as the outer diameter of the shaft to be processed (2). The diameter of the guide block (1322) gradually decreases from the side near the gripper (1133) to the side away from the gripper (1133). The guide hole and the electrode (1311) are coaxially arranged.

3. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1) further includes a detection section (14), which is fixedly connected to the support section (11). The detection section (14) is provided with a detection assembly (141), which includes a detection post (1412) as a resistor, a detection base (1411), a first detection line (14121), and a second detection line (14122). The detection post (1412) is slidably connected to the detection base (1411) in the vertical direction. The resistance of the detection post (1412) is evenly distributed along the length of the post. The first detection line (14121) and the detection post (1412) are away from the detection section. One end of (14) is electrically connected, and one end of the second detection line (14122) is provided with a metal wire ring. The metal wire ring is sleeved on the detection column (1412) and abuts against the detection part (14). The detection column (1412), the metal wire ring and the second detection line (14122) are electrically connected in sequence. The first detection line (14121) and the second detection line (14122) are both connected in series with the same external power supply and ammeter. The detection assembly (141) also includes a driving component that drives the limiting block (1413) to abut against the bottom wall of the blind hole of the shaft to be processed (2) and drives the limiting block (1413) to return to its original position.

4. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving components are a third lifting cylinder and a compression spring (14123). The piston surface of the third lifting cylinder near the detection column (1412) is fixedly connected to the detection column (1412). A limiting block (1413) is provided at one end of the detection column (1412) away from the detection part (14). The compression spring (14123) is sleeved on the detection column (1412). One end of the compression spring (14123) abuts against the detection part (14), and the other end of the compression spring (14123) abuts against the limiting block (1413).

5. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support part (11) is provided with a rotary cylinder (111). The piston plate of the rotary cylinder (111) is fixedly connected to the shaft to be processed (2) and the lifting bracket (112) on the side near the support part (11). When the rotary cylinder (111) drives the lifting bracket (112) to rotate, the shaft to be processed (2) held by the gripper (1133) moves from above the processing part (13) to above the detection part (14).

6. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (1) also includes a discharge section (15), which is fixedly connected to the support section (11). The discharge section (15) is provided with a discharge box (1511). A drive motor is provided on the outer side wall of the discharge box (1511). The output shaft of the drive motor is also connected to a rotating shaft. A guide plate (1513) is also provided on the rotating shaft. When the gripper (1133) moves to the discharge section (15), it guides the shaft to be processed (2) to fall and enter the discharge box (1511) through the guide plate (1513).

7. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unloading section (15) is also provided with a waste bin (1512), which is located on the side of the unloading box (1511) near the lifting bracket (112).

8. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (1) also includes a loading part (12), which is fixedly connected to the support part (11). The loading part (12) is provided with a loading rotary cylinder (1212). A disc (1211) is fixedly connected to the piston disc of the loading rotary cylinder (1212). Several placement slots (12111) for placing the shaft (2) to be processed are opened on the disc (12111). The placement slots (12111) are arranged along the circumference of the disc (1211). When the lifting support (112) rotates to the position of the gripper (1133) above the disc (1211), one of the placement slots (12111) is located below the gripper (1133).

9. The step-deep blind hole electrical discharge machining equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of clamping components (113) is several and they are arranged circumferentially along the lifting bracket (112).

10. A method for machining deep blind holes with steps, applied to the machining equipment for deep blind holes with steps as described in claim 9, characterized in that, include: Step 100: Obtain the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle; Step 101: When the angle of the gripper is at the loading part (12), the corresponding gripper number is defined as the gripping gripper number; Step 102: Control the gripper (1133) with the specified gripper number to perform the preset gripping operation of the shaft to be processed (2) and obtain the gripping completion signal; Step 103: When the gripper angle is at the machining section (13), the corresponding gripper number is defined as the machining gripper number; Step 104: Control the gripper (1133) with the specified machining gripper number to perform a preset electrical discharge machining operation and obtain a machining completion signal; Step 105: When the gripper angle is at the detection unit (14), the corresponding gripper number is defined as the detection gripper number; Step 106: Control the detection gripper number to perform a preset hole depth measurement operation and obtain a detection completion signal; Step 107: When the angle of the gripper corresponding to the detection gripper number is at the unloading part (15), the corresponding gripper number is defined as the unloading gripper number; Step 108: Control the unloading gripper number to perform the preset unloading operation and obtain the unloading completion signal; Step 109: When the clamping completion signal, the processing completion signal, the detection completion signal, and the unloading completion signal are all received, execute the preset turning operation and reacquire the gripper angle and the gripper number corresponding to the gripper angle.

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