A cutting and grinding integrated device for differential housing

Abstract

The application relates to the differential housing processing equipment manufacturing technical field, and particularly discloses a cutting and polishing integrated device for a differential housing, which comprises a base, a machine table and a controller which are installed on the base; a cutting assembly which comprises a transverse truss and a cutting piece, the cutting piece can perform cutting treatment on a blank; a polishing assembly which comprises a mounting frame and a polishing piece, the polishing piece is arranged on the mounting frame, and the polishing piece can perform polishing treatment on a cutout of the differential housing after cutting; a fixing assembly which comprises an inner fixing piece, an outer fixing piece and a first driving piece, a fixing seat is rotationally arranged on the machine table, the fixing seat is selectively arranged in correspondence with the cutting piece and the polishing piece, the first driving piece, the inner fixing piece and the outer fixing piece are all installed on the fixing seat, the first driving piece is connected with the inner fixing piece, the inner fixing piece is in transmission connection with the outer fixing piece, and the blank is fixed on the fixing seat through the joint action of the inner fixing piece and the outer fixing piece. The application has the effects of improving work efficiency and product consistency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the differential housing processing equipment manufacturing technical field, in particular to a cutting and polishing integrated device for a differential housing. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component in the automobile transmission system, the differential bears the function of balancing the speed difference between the left and right wheels. The differential housing, as a bearing and packaging component of the differential, is usually produced in large quantities by casting process. During the casting production process, the surface of the differential housing will form multiple protruding gates left by the gating system. These gates need to be cut off and surface polished to ensure the dimensional accuracy, surface quality and structural integrity. In the current automobile parts processing and manufacturing industry, special attention is paid to the post-forming treatment of the differential housing, especially the trimming and polishing of the outer edge, open end and connecting surface. This not only affects the performance of the product, but also directly affects the reliability and service life of subsequent assembly.

[0003] During the differential housing casting production process, a set of molds is often used to cast multiple differential housing blank parts at the same time. The blank parts have gates and runners between the differential housings, and the connection between the gates and the runners is mostly curved. Therefore, multiple cutting and polishing operations are required to obtain a single differential housing. Currently, in actual production, the cutting and polishing of the differential housing are usually operated in separate processes and with separate equipment. The typical process flow includes first cutting off the excess protruding gates of the housing using a special cutting device (such as a sawing machine, a plasma cutting machine or a mechanical edge milling machine), then transferring it to an independent polishing station, and completing the polishing and finishing of the differential housing by manual or semi-automatic means to meet the requirements of part size accuracy and surface finish. For example, the Chinese patent CN113352169B in the related art discloses an automatic cutting and polishing integrated device for galvanized pipe fittings, which mainly solves the problems of low manual polishing efficiency, uneven cutting and lack of stable support. The device includes a bottom plate, a support locking mechanism and a cutting and polishing mechanism. The synchronous fixation and internal support of multiple galvanized square tubes are achieved through a placement table, a pressing unit and an internal support unit to prevent deformation during polishing. The cutting and polishing mechanism adopts a sliding seat driven by a lead screw and a polishing table with adjustable height, which can efficiently and uniformly polish the cutting edges in batches, significantly improving the smoothness of the cutting edges and the processing efficiency.

[0004] However, the cutting process often involves high-temperature localized heating. If not polished in time, a "heat-affected zone" with increased hardness can easily form at the cut, leading to uneven stress release. Once the shell enters subsequent processing stages or is used in actual use, the shell is prone to deformation due to internal stress concentration, affecting the overall vehicle's operational stability. In addition, the entire workflow is fragmented and inefficient, and the switching between multiple processes can easily introduce positioning deviations, resulting in limited product consistency and precision, making it difficult to meet the higher quality control requirements of high-end manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housings. This device achieves integrated cutting and grinding of the differential housing, and during this process, it can automatically adjust the grinding position according to the cutting position, ensuring precise and effective grinding of the cut position. This improves work efficiency and product consistency, reduces manual intervention, and enhances the controllability of the process and its adaptability to high-end manufacturing.

[0006] The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housings, comprising:

[0008] A base, on which a machine platform is fixedly mounted, and on which a controller is mounted;

[0009] A cutting assembly, comprising a transverse truss and a cutting component, wherein the transverse truss is fixed on the base, a cutting arm is slidably disposed on the transverse truss, and the cutting component is disposed on the cutting arm, and the cutting component is capable of cutting the blank.

[0010] A grinding assembly, comprising a mounting bracket and a grinding component, wherein the mounting bracket is fixed to one side of the machine base and the grinding component is disposed on the mounting bracket, and the grinding component is capable of grinding the cut edges of the differential housing after cutting.

[0011] A fixing assembly includes an inner fixing member, an outer fixing member, and a first driving member. A fixing seat is rotatably mounted on the machine base. The fixing seat is located between the cutting part and the grinding part, and is selectively corresponding to the cutting part and the grinding part. A positioning groove is formed on the fixing seat. The inner fixing member is disposed in the positioning groove, and the outer fixing member is disposed on the fixing seat. The first driving member is fixed on the side of the fixing seat opposite to the outer fixing member. The output end of the first driving member is connected to the inner fixing member. The inner fixing member and the outer fixing member are connected in a transmission manner. The inner fixing member abuts against the inner wall of the differential housing, and the outer fixing member abuts against the outer wall of the differential housing. The blank part is fixed on the fixing seat by the combined action of the inner fixing member and the outer fixing member.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the cutting component, grinding component, and fixing component are integrated and set on the same machine platform, and controlled uniformly by a controller. This realizes a continuous and automated processing flow for differential housing blanks from cutting to grinding, significantly optimizing the problems of low efficiency, large positioning errors, and high manual labor intensity caused by multi-equipment, multi-station segmented processing in existing processes. The fixing component is set between the cutting part and the grinding part so that grinding can be performed immediately after cutting, avoiding problems such as residual stress concentration and material hardening caused by the failure to grind the heat-affected zone of the cut in time. This design prevents the differential housing from deforming during subsequent use or processing, thus ensuring its performance and assembly quality. The internal and external fasteners provide simultaneous double-sided positioning and clamping of the differential housing's inner and outer walls, effectively preventing workpiece displacement or vibration during processing and ensuring machining accuracy and operational stability. Furthermore, this structure adapts to the installation requirements of housings of different specifications, improving system versatility and clamping efficiency. It achieves integrated processing of differential housing cutting and grinding, enhancing work efficiency and product consistency, reducing manual intervention, and strengthening process controllability and high-end manufacturing adaptability.

[0013] Optionally, the internal fixing component includes an expansion tube and a compression plug. The expansion tube is coaxially disposed in the positioning groove and is cone-shaped. One end of the expansion tube is fixedly provided with a positioning part, which is fixedly connected to the fixing seat. The other end of the expansion tube has multiple sets of deformation slots. The compression plug is slidably inserted into the expansion tube. The shape of the compression plug is adapted to the shape of the expansion tube. The output end of the first driving member is fixedly connected to one end of the compression plug. When the first driving member drives the compression plug to move in the expansion tube, the end of the compression plug away from the first driving member squeezes the end of the expansion tube with the deformation slots, thereby causing the end of the expansion tube with the deformation slots to abut against the inner wall of the differential housing.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the internal fixing structure composed of the expansion tube and the extrusion plug, in conjunction with the driving action of the first driving component, allows the end of the expansion tube to expand radially after the extrusion plug is pushed forward axially, thereby achieving automatic expansion-type positioning and clamping of the inner wall of the differential housing. Compared with the traditional rigid claw or bolt fixing method, this structure has multiple sets of deformation slots at one end of the expansion tube, which can automatically compensate and fit differential housings of different inner diameters and shapes under driving extrusion, improving clamping compatibility. Furthermore, the conical structure combined with the axial pushing method can form 360-degree uniform contact inside the housing, avoiding clamping stress concentration caused by point contact or line contact, thereby reducing the risk of clamping deformation. In addition, no positioning deviation will occur due to frictional displacement during the clamping process, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent cutting and grinding processes, and guaranteeing product consistency and processing quality.

[0015] Optionally, the external fixing component includes a transmission arm, a connecting rod, and a pressing arm. One end of the transmission arm is fixedly connected to the end of the compression plug near the first driving member, and the other end of the transmission arm is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod. The pressing arm is rotatably disposed on the side of the fixed seat near the differential housing. The end of the connecting rod away from the transmission arm is rotatably connected to one end of the pressing arm, and the other end of the pressing arm abuts against the outer wall of the differential. When the first driving member drives the compression plug to press one end of the expansion tube against the inner wall of the differential housing, the transmission arm drives the pressing arm through the connecting rod to press the differential housing onto the fixed seat.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the external fixing component, through a multi-stage linkage mechanism between the transmission arm, connecting rod, and pressing arm, constructs a mechanical transmission path that synchronously drives the external fixing component from the squeezing action of the internal fixing component. This achieves bidirectional clamping operation on both the inner and outer walls of the differential housing while the first driving component only drives the squeezing plug. Compared to existing clamping methods that require separate control of the inner and outer positioning structures, this structure only requires a single driving source to coordinate the clamping of the inner and outer walls, simplifying the structural design and control logic, and reducing the complexity and failure probability of the control system. In addition, the pressing arm is rotatably mounted on the fixed base, and in conjunction with the transmission structure, it can automatically adapt to the dimensional tolerances or local geometric changes of the differential housing, achieving flexible clamping and effectively avoiding the risk of over-positioning or crushing during the clamping process. This structure improves the stability and repeatability of the housing clamping process, ensuring consistent processing during subsequent cutting and grinding.

[0017] Optionally, the fixing assembly further includes a gate support, which includes a support, a first telescopic member, and a clamping arm. The support is fixed on the machine base, and a support frame is fixed on the machine base. The support frame is located between the support and the fixing base. The first telescopic member is fixed on the support frame, and an abutment portion is fixed on the output end of the first telescopic member. The abutment portion movably abuts against the blank. The clamping arm is rotatably mounted on the machine base and is located on one side of the support. A second telescopic member is provided on the support, and the second telescopic member is convexly connected to the first telescopic member. The output end of the second telescopic member is connected to one end of the clamping arm, and a limiting portion is fixed on the other end of the clamping arm. The limiting portion movably abuts against and limits the flow channel on the blank. When the blank is fixed on the machine base by the fixing assembly, the blank presses against the output end of the first telescopic member, thereby causing the output end of the second telescopic member to drive one end of the clamping arm to swing.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a gate support component is added to the fixed assembly, constructing a mechanism that can support and limit the gate and runner sections on the blank. In traditional positioning methods, the positioning of the differential housing relies solely on the positioning and clamping of the blank body, and the gate and runner sections are often regarded as "non-functional areas" and are not constrained. However, in the actual cutting process, as the cutting part separates from the gate, gates with larger masses or asymmetrical structures may collide with the cut surface or edge of the housing due to gravity or instantaneous detachment impact, causing scratches, dents, or micro-deformation, which seriously affects the... The gate support structure, combined with the first telescopic component and the clamping arm limiting mechanism, not only achieves dynamic support and clamping positioning of the blank's flow channel, but also provides lateral constraint through the swinging action of the clamping arm. This effectively prevents the gate from accidentally falling or shifting during cutting, thus protecting the cut shell from impact. It also improves the stability and reliability of the cutting process and enhances overall processing safety. It is especially suitable for differential shell casting blanks with long gates and significant center of gravity shift, significantly reducing the risk of rework and accuracy errors in subsequent grinding and assembly processes.

[0019] Optionally, the pressing arm is provided with a detection element for detecting the cutting position. The detection element includes a base plate, a third telescopic member, a distance sensor, and a pressing tube. A deflection shaft is fixedly mounted on one end of the base plate, and a rotating seat is fixedly mounted on one side of the pressing arm in the width direction. The deflection shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. The base plate is rotatably mounted on the pressing arm via the deflection shaft. The length direction of the base plate is parallel to the width direction of the pressing arm. The third telescopic member is fixedly mounted on the pressing arm, and the output end of the third telescopic member is connected to the end of the base plate away from the deflection shaft. The distance sensor is fixed to the base plate and electrically connected to the controller. The extrusion tube is a bellows with closed ends and filled with hydraulic oil. One end of the extrusion tube is fixed to the side of the pressing arm away from the base plate, and the other end of the extrusion tube is movably abutting against the fixed seat. The extrusion tube is drivenly connected to the third telescopic component. When the pressing arm presses the differential housing onto the fixed seat, the extrusion tube is squeezed by the fixed seat, and the hydraulic oil in the extrusion tube causes the output end of the third telescopic component to retract inward to its position.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a detection component for detecting the cutting position is set on the pressing arm. The detection component is equipped with a compression tube that abuts against the fixed seat and a distance sensor that is electrically connected to the controller. It can detect in real time whether the differential housing is completely flat and in place when it is clamped, and complete automatic fine adjustment through compression feedback in conjunction with the third telescopic component. This effectively improves the accuracy of the cutting and grinding position. In particular, considering that during the casting process, due to various unstable factors such as cooling shrinkage, mold wear or uneven pouring, irregular deformation such as warping, protrusion or depression may occur on the connecting surface of the differential housing, the connecting surface cannot achieve full contact and flatness when clamped on the fixed seat. This causes the installation posture of the entire blank to be skewed. Cutting directly in this skewed state will cause the working position of the tool to shift, resulting in the cutting path deviation, and thus affecting the surface quality and positioning consistency in the subsequent grinding process.

[0021] Optionally, the grinding component includes a grinding base, a grinding drive, a swing arm, an elastic element, and a grinding belt. The grinding base is mounted on the mounting bracket and positioned above the fixed base. Two sets of first pulleys are rotatably mounted on the grinding base, and the two sets of first pulleys are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the grinding base. The grinding drive is fixedly mounted on the grinding base and electrically connected to the controller. The output end of the grinding drive is fixedly connected to one set of first pulleys. One end of the swing arm is rotatably mounted on the grinding base, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably mounted with a tension wheel. The elastic element is installed between the swing arm and the grinding base. One end of the elastic element is rotatably connected to the grinding base, and the other end of the elastic element is rotatably connected to the end of the swing arm with the tension wheel. The grinding belt is wound around both the first pulley and the tension wheel.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a tensionable grinding belt structure and an elastic support structure are set up to ensure that the grinding parts are always in an appropriate tension state during operation, effectively avoiding slippage or uneven grinding force during grinding, thereby improving grinding efficiency and surface treatment consistency, and ensuring the surface quality and precision requirements of the shell cut.

[0023] Optionally, the grinding assembly further includes a swinging component, which includes a rotary drive, a turntable, a pull arm, and a swinging arm. The rotary drive is fixed on the grinding base and electrically connected to the controller. The turntable is fixed on the output end of the rotary drive. An extension is fixed on the side of the grinding base near the fixed base. The swinging arm is rotatably mounted on the extension. A set of second pulleys is provided at both ends of the swinging arm in the length direction. The second pulleys are movably pressed against the inner ring of the grinding belt. A rotating shaft is fixed in the radial direction of the turntable. One end of the pull arm is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the pull arm is rotatably connected to one end of the swinging arm. When the rotary drive drives the turntable to rotate, the pull arm can drive the swinging arm to reciprocate.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, a swinging component is set in the grinding assembly. Utilizing the linkage structure of the rotary drive, turntable, pull arm, and swinging arm, the reciprocating swinging motion of the grinding belt during the grinding process is realized. This effectively simulates the manual swinging operation in manual grinding. Compared with traditional single-direction mechanical grinding, this structure allows the grinding belt to conform to the workpiece surface at multiple angles and directions. It is especially suitable for the complex curved surfaces, edges, and irregular gate areas of the differential housing. This dynamic oscillation behavior, which simulates manual grinding, significantly improves the grinding coverage and flexibility, effectively avoiding the problems of missed areas, over-grinding, or grinding dead corners that exist in traditional fixed-track grinding. At the same time, it also enhances the equipment's adaptability to different housing shapes and sizes, meets the needs of personalized grinding paths, further improves the uniformity of grinding quality and surface finish, and reduces subsequent assembly interference or quality risks caused by insufficient local grinding.

[0025] Optionally, a slide rail is fixed on the mounting bracket, the grinding seat is slidably mounted on the slide rail, a displacement drive is provided on the mounting bracket, the grinding seat is connected to the output end of the displacement drive, and the displacement drive is electrically connected to the controller.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, and utilizing the slide rail and displacement drive component on the mounting bracket, the grinding base has an adjustable sliding function. This not only improves the adjustability and spatial adaptability of the grinding components, but also allows for dynamic fine-tuning of the position according to the specifications and dimensions of different differential housings. Furthermore, the displacement drive component and the detection component form a feedback closed-loop linkage. When the detection component detects that the blank part is not accurately positioned or has tilt or deviation, the controller can adjust the position of the grinding part by driving the displacement drive component, thereby ensuring that the grinding part is always aligned with the cut for precise grinding. This significantly improves the intelligence level of the system, effectively avoids manual adjustment errors, ensures the stability and consistency of grinding quality, and meets the needs of high-precision automated processing.

[0027] Optionally, a positioning pin is fixed on the fixing plate, which can be inserted into a bolt connection hole on one end of the differential housing. The shaft diameter of the positioning pin is smaller than the diameter of the threaded connection hole.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the positioning pin to cooperate with the bolt hole on the housing connection surface, rapid preliminary positioning can be provided during the clamping process, simplifying the centering steps, effectively shortening the machine adjustment time, and improving operating efficiency.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. By integrating the cutting, grinding, and fixing components onto a single machine platform and controlling them uniformly, a continuous and automated processing flow for differential housing blanks from cutting to grinding is achieved. This significantly optimizes the low efficiency, large positioning errors, and high manual labor intensity caused by multi-equipment, multi-station segmented processing in existing processes. The fixing component is positioned between the cutting and grinding parts, allowing for immediate grinding after cutting. This avoids residual stress concentration and material hardening caused by untimely grinding of the heat-affected zone at the cut, thus addressing the problem from its source. This design prevents the housing from deforming during subsequent use or processing, thus affecting performance and assembly quality. The internal and external fasteners simultaneously clamp the inner and outer walls of the differential housing, effectively preventing workpiece displacement or vibration during processing and ensuring machining accuracy and operational stability. Furthermore, this structure adapts to the installation requirements of housings of different specifications, improving system versatility and clamping efficiency. It achieves integrated processing of differential housing cutting and grinding, enhancing work efficiency and product consistency, reducing manual intervention, and strengthening process controllability and high-end manufacturing adaptability.

[0031] 2. By adding a gate support component to the fixed assembly, a mechanism is constructed that can support and limit the gate and runner on the blank. Combined with the first telescopic component and the clamping arm limiting mechanism, it can not only achieve dynamic support and clamping positioning of the runner of the blank, but also provide lateral constraint through the swinging action of the clamping arm, effectively preventing the gate from accidentally falling or shifting during cutting, thereby protecting the cut shell from impact, improving the stability and reliability of the cutting process, and improving the overall processing safety. It is especially suitable for differential shell casting blanks with long gates and significant center of gravity shift, significantly reducing the risk of rework and accuracy error in subsequent grinding and assembly processes.

[0032] 3. A detection element for detecting the cutting position is set on the pressing arm. The detection element is equipped with a compression tube that abuts against the fixed seat and a distance sensor that is electrically connected to the controller. It can detect in real time whether the differential housing is completely flat and in place when it is clamped, and complete automatic fine adjustment in conjunction with the third telescopic component through compression feedback, which effectively improves the accuracy of the cutting and grinding position;

[0033] 4. By incorporating a swinging component into the grinding assembly, and utilizing the linkage structure of the rotary drive, turntable, pull arm, and swing arm, the grinding belt reciprocates during the grinding process, effectively simulating the manual swinging operation in manual grinding. Compared to traditional single-direction mechanical grinding, this structure allows the grinding belt to conform to the workpiece surface at multiple angles and directions, making it particularly suitable for the complex curved surfaces, edges, and irregular gate areas of the differential housing. This dynamic oscillation behavior, simulating manual grinding, significantly improves the grinding coverage and flexibility, effectively avoiding the problems of missed areas, over-grinding, or grinding dead zones that exist in traditional fixed-track grinding. At the same time, it also enhances the equipment's adaptability to different housing shapes and sizes, meeting the needs of personalized grinding paths, further improving the uniformity of grinding quality and surface finish, and reducing subsequent assembly interference or quality risks caused by insufficient local grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the blank in the embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated cutting and polishing device in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated cutting and polishing device in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing component and the polishing component in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part B.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing component in the embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of section C.

[0041] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0042] Reference numerals: 01, blank; 011, differential housing; 012, runner; 013, gate;

[0043] 1. Base; 11. Machine base; 111. Support frame; 12. Controller;

[0044] 2. Cutting assembly; 21. Transverse truss; 22. Cutting component; 23. Cutting arm;

[0045] 3. Grinding assembly; 31. Mounting bracket; 311. Slide rail; 32. Grinding component; 321. Grinding base; 3211. Extension section; 322. Grinding drive component; 323. Swing arm; 324. Elastic component; 325. Grinding belt; 326. First pulley; 327. Tensioner wheel; 33. Swing component; 331. Rotation drive component; 332. Turntable; 3321. Rotating shaft; 333. Pull arm; 334. Swing arm; 335. Second pulley; 34. Displacement drive component;

[0046] 4. Fixing component; 41. Inner fixing component; 411. Expansion tube; 4111. Positioning part; 4112. Deformation joint; 412. Extrusion plug; 42. Outer fixing component; 421. Transmission arm; 422. Connecting rod; 423. Pressing arm; 4231. Rotating seat; 43. First driving component; 44. Fixing seat; 441. Positioning groove; 442. Positioning pin; 45. Gate support component; 451. Support; 452. First telescopic component; 453. Clamping arm; 4531. Limiting part; 454. Second telescopic component; 455. Support part; 46. Detection component; 461. Base plate; 4611. Deflection shaft; 462. Third telescopic component; 463. Distance sensor; 464. Extrusion tube. Detailed Implementation

[0047] First, it should be noted that the reference... Figure 1 The blank 01 in this application includes two sets of differential housings 011, runners 012 and gates 013. The two sets of differential housings 011 are connected together by runners 012. The gate 013 is located in the middle of the runners 012. The two sets of differential housings 011 are symmetrically arranged with the gate 013 as the center.

[0048] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 2-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0049] This application discloses an integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housings.

[0050] Reference Figure 2The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housings includes a base 1, a fixing component 4, a cutting component 2, and a grinding component 3. A machine table 11 is mounted on the base 1. Both the fixing component 4 and the grinding component 3 are mounted on the machine table 11, with the grinding component 3 positioned above the fixing component 4. The cutting component 2 is mounted on the base 1 and located on one side of the machine table 11. The fixing component 4 secures the blank 01 to the machine table 11, ensuring stable cutting and grinding of the blank 01. The cutting component 2 cuts the blank 01, removing the gate 013 and runner 012 to obtain a single differential housing 011. The grinding component 3 adjusts the grinding position in real time according to the cutting position of the cutting component 2, ensuring precise grinding of the differential housing 011.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 In this embodiment, the base 1 is a rectangular plate, and a machine platform 11 is fixedly mounted at the center of the base 1. A housing is fixedly mounted on the base, and an observation window and a feeding port are respectively provided on the housing. The housing can completely cover the fixing component 4, the cutting component 2, and the grinding component 3. A gripping mechanism for automatically picking up and placing the blank 01 is also provided outside the base 1. The gripping mechanism is not shown in the accompanying drawings of this embodiment.

[0052] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the fixing component 4 includes a fixing seat 44, an inner fixing member 41, an outer fixing member 42, a first driving member 43, a gate support member 45, and a detection member 46. The fixing seat 44 is a rectangular plate. A rotating part is fixed on one end of the fixing seat 44 along its own width direction, and a chamfer is provided on the other end of the fixing seat 44. A deflection seat is fixed on the side of the machine base 11 away from the base 1. The rotating part is rotatably connected to the deflection seat. The fixing seat 44 is rotatably mounted on the machine base 11 through the rotating part. Multiple sets of positioning pins 442 are fixed on the side of the fixing plate away from the machine base 11. The positioning pins 442 can be inserted and engaged with the bolt connection holes on the connection surface of the differential housing 011. The shaft diameter of the positioning pin 442 is smaller than the diameter of the threaded connection hole.

[0053] An electric push rod is installed on the machine base 11. The electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller 12. One end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the machine base 11, and the other end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to one side of the fixed base 44. Two sets of electric push rods are set on a set of fixed base 44, and the two sets of electric push rods are symmetrically arranged along the length of the fixed base 44.

[0054] A positioning groove 441 is provided through the fixed base 44, and the inner fixing member 41 is installed in the positioning groove 441. The inner fixing member 41 includes an expansion tube 411 and a compression plug 412. The expansion tube 411 is set in a conical shape and is made of hard rubber. This material has sufficient friction to pass through while also having a certain degree of elasticity and material strength. A positioning part 4111 is fixed at one end of the expansion tube 411, and multiple sets of deformation slots 4112 are opened at the other end of the expansion tube 411. The multiple sets of deformation slots 4112 are arranged circumferentially on the expansion tube 411. The expansion tube 411 is coaxially arranged in the positioning groove 441. The positioning part 4111 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed base 44 near the machine base 11. One end of the compression plug 412 is slidably inserted into the expansion tube 411. The shape of the end of the compression plug 412 inserted into the expansion tube 411 is adapted to the shape of the expansion tube 411.

[0055] A mounting base is fixed on the side of the fixed base 44 near the machine base 11. The first drive component 43 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base 44 through the mounting base. The first drive component 43 is electrically connected to the controller 12. The first drive component 43 can be configured as a cylinder. The output end of the first drive component 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion plug 412 away from the tension tube 411.

[0056] The external fixing component 42 includes a transmission arm 421, a connecting rod 422, and a pressing arm 423. One end of the transmission arm 421 is fixedly connected to the end of the compression plug 412 away from the expansion tube 411, and the other end of the transmission arm 421 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 422. The pressing arm 423 is rotatably mounted on the side of the fixed seat 44 near the differential housing 011. The end of the connecting rod 422 away from the transmission arm 421 is rotatably connected to one end of the pressing arm 423, and the other end of the pressing arm 423 slides against the outer wall of the blank part 01. Two sets of external fixing components 42 are provided on a set of fixed seats 44, and the two sets of external fixing components 42 are arranged in a circle with the positioning groove 441 as the center.

[0057] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7In this embodiment, the gate support 45 includes a support 451, a clamping arm 453, a first telescopic member 452, and a second telescopic member 454. The support 451 is cylindrical, with one end fixed to the machine base 11 and the other end fixed with a conical support part 455. The support part 455 can provide auxiliary support for the gate 013 on the blank 01. The support part 455 is slidably inserted into the end of the support 451 away from the machine base 11, and a compression spring is provided between the support part 455 and the support 451. A support frame 111 is fixed on the machine base 11. The first telescopic member 452 is fixed on the support frame 111. The first telescopic member 452 is a hydraulic telescopic rod. An abutment part is fixed on the output end of the first telescopic member 452. The abutment part is in movable contact with the blank 01. The first telescopic member 452 is installed between the support 451 and the fixed seat 44. The first telescopic member 452 has a chamfered end near the fixed seat 44.

[0058] A swing shaft is fixed on the clamping arm 453, and a swing seat is fixed on the machine base 11. The swing shaft is rotatably connected to the swing seat. The clamping arm 453 is rotatably mounted on the machine base 11 via the swing shaft, and the clamping arm 453 is located on one side of the support 451. The second telescopic member 454 is fixed on the end of the support 451 away from the support part 455. The second telescopic member 454 is also set as a hydraulic telescopic rod. The second telescopic member 454 and the first telescopic member 452 are interconnected through the first connecting pipe. The output end of the second telescopic member 454 is connected to one end of the clamping arm 453. The other end of the clamping arm 453 is fixed with a limiting part 4531. The limiting part 4531 is movable and abuts against the position of the flow channel 012 on the blank part 01. The limiting part 4531 is made of hard rubber.

[0059] In this embodiment, two sets of fixing seats 44 are provided, and the two sets of fixing seats 44 are symmetrically arranged with the support 451 as the center. Two sets of the first telescopic member 452, the second telescopic member 454, and the clamping arm 453 are all provided, and they are all symmetrically arranged with the support 451 as the center. The second telescopic member 454 and the clamping arm 453 are located on the same side of the support 451, and the second telescopic member 454 and the first telescopic member 452 are arranged crosswise.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment of the application, the detection component 46 includes a base plate 461, a third telescopic component 462, a distance sensor 463, and a squeezing tube 464. A deflection shaft 4611 is fixedly provided at one end of the base plate 461 in the length direction. A rotating seat 4231 is fixedly provided on the pressing arm 423. The deflection shaft 4611 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 4231. One end of the base plate 461 is rotatably mounted on the pressing arm 423 through the deflection shaft 4611. The length direction of the base plate 461 is parallel to the width direction of the pressing arm 423.

[0061] The third telescopic component 462 is configured as a hydraulic telescopic rod, and the initial state of the third telescopic component 462 is the fully extended state. The third telescopic component 462 is fixed on the pressing arm 423. The output end of the third telescopic component 462 is rotatably connected to the end of the base plate 461 away from the deflection shaft 4611. The distance sensor 463 is fixed on the base plate 461 and is electrically connected to the controller 12.

[0062] The extrusion tube 464 is a corrugated tube with closed ends. The extrusion tube 464 is filled with hydraulic oil. One end of the extrusion tube 464 is fixed to the side of the pressing arm 423 away from the base plate 461. The other end of the extrusion tube 464 can move and abut against the fixed seat 44. The extrusion tube 464 and the third telescopic member 462 are interconnected through the second connecting tube. When the extrusion tube 464 is fully extruded, the hydraulic oil in the extrusion tube 464 will cause the output end of the third telescopic member 462 to retract inward to the correct position.

[0063] Specifically, since the blank 01 in this embodiment contains two differential housings 011, and each set of fixing plates is used to fix one differential housing 011, and the two sets of external fixing parts 42 provided thereon can further limit the differential housing 011, the distance sensor 463 provided can detect the distance between the cutting position of the cutting component 2 and the differential housing 011 in real time.

[0064] It is worth noting that although the first telescopic component 452, the second telescopic component 454, and the third telescopic component 462 are all hydraulic telescopic rods, their dimensions differ, and the specific dimensions are adapted to the installation location. Furthermore, in this embodiment, one end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is a fixed end, filled with hydraulic oil and equipped with a return spring for retraction. The other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is an output end, which is the extension / retraction end of the hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0065] In this embodiment, two sets of detection elements 46 are provided, and the two sets of detection elements 46 are respectively installed on two sets of fixing components 4. The two sets of detection elements 46 are symmetrically arranged with the support 451 as the center.

[0066] More specifically, the initial state of the fixed seat 44 is vertical, that is, the fixed seat 44 is perpendicular to the machine base 11. When fixing the blank 01, the fixed seat 44 is deflected to the side of the support 451 so that the fixed seat 44 is parallel to the machine base 11. The blank 01 is placed on the fixed seat 44, and the positioning pin 442 can be inserted and engaged with the bolt connection hole on one end of the differential housing 011, thereby initially positioning the blank 01 on the fixed seat 44.

[0067] Next, the first driving component 43 drives the compression plug 412 to press one end of the expansion tube 411 against the inner wall of the differential housing 011. At the same time, the compression plug 412 drives the transmission arm 421 to move upward. The transmission arm 421 drives the pressing arm 423 to deflect through the connecting rod 422. One end of the pressing arm 423 presses the blank 01 onto the fixed seat 44.

[0068] During this period, the extrusion tube 464 will be deformed by extrusion, and the hydraulic oil inside the extrusion tube 464 will be squeezed into the third telescopic member 462. The output end of the third telescopic member 462 will drive the end of the base plate 461 away from the deflection shaft 4611 to descend. The side of the blank 01 that abuts against the fixed seat 44 will squeeze the output end of the first telescopic member 452. The blank 01 will continue to squeeze the hydraulic oil inside the first telescopic member 452 into the second telescopic member 454 until the fixed seat 44 is parallel to the machine base 11. The second telescopic member 454 extends outward, causing one end of the clamping arm 453 to swing away from the support 451. The end of the clamping arm 453 with the limiting part 4531 clamps the flow channel 012 position on the blank 01. When the blank 01 is cast to standard dimensions, when the fixed seat 44 is parallel to the machine base 11, the second telescopic member 454 just drives the clamping arm 453 to hold the blank 01, and the third telescopic member 462 also just makes the base plate 461 parallel to the machine base 11.

[0069] However, considering that during the casting process, various unstable factors such as cooling shrinkage, mold wear, or uneven pouring can cause irregular deformations such as warping, protrusions, or depressions on the connecting surface of the differential housing 011, the connecting surface cannot achieve full contact and flatness when clamped on the fixed seat 44. This results in the installation posture of the entire blank 01 being skewed. Direct cutting under this skewed state will cause the working position of the tool to shift, resulting in a deviation in the cutting path, which in turn affects the surface quality and positioning consistency in the subsequent grinding process. The detection component 46 can identify the housing failure to fit and position in time through structural feedback and distance monitoring, and correct the subsequent grinding position through the adjustment action of the third telescopic component 462. This minimizes the positioning deviation caused by the unevenness of the blank surface, ensures a high degree of consistency in the cutting and grinding processes, and improves the reliability and intelligence level of the entire integrated device.

[0070] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the cutting assembly 2 includes a transverse truss 21, a cutting arm 23, and a cutting component 22. The transverse truss 21 is fixed on one side of the base 1 in the width direction. A guide rail is fixed on the transverse truss 21. A sliding seat is fixed at one end of the cutting arm 23, and the sliding seat is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The cutting arm 23 is slidably mounted on the transverse truss 21 via the sliding seat. A rack is also fixed on the transverse truss 21, and a drive motor is fixed on the sliding seat. The drive motor is electrically connected to the controller 12. A gear is fixed on the output end of the drive motor, and the gear meshes with the rack, thereby realizing the reciprocating sliding of the sliding seat on the transverse truss 21. At the same time, two sets of position sensors are also installed on the transverse truss 21, and the two sets of position sensors correspond to two cutting positions on the blank 01, respectively. The cutting component 22 includes a cutting motor and a circular saw. The cutting motor is fixed at the end of the cutting arm 23 away from the sliding seat, and the circular saw is fixed on the output end of the cutting motor.

[0071] Reference Figure 8 In this embodiment, the grinding assembly 3 includes a mounting frame 31, a grinding component 32, and a swinging component 33. The mounting frame 31 is fixed on the machine base 11 and is located on the side of the fixed base 44 away from the support 451. The grinding component 32 includes a grinding seat 321, a grinding drive component 322, a swing arm 323, an elastic component 324, and a grinding belt 325. A slide rail 311 is fixed on the mounting frame 31, and the grinding seat 321 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 311. The grinding seat 321 is positioned above the fixed base 44, and two sets of first pulleys 326 are rotatably mounted on the grinding seat 321. The two sets of first pulleys 326 are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the grinding seat 321. The grinding drive component 322 is configured as follows: The servo motor and the grinding drive 322 are electrically connected to the controller 12. The grinding drive 322 is fixed on the grinding base 321. The output end of the grinding drive 322 is fixedly connected to a set of first pulleys 326. One end of the swing arm 323 is rotatably mounted on the grinding base 321, and the other end of the swing arm 323 is rotatably mounted with a tension wheel 327. An elastic element 324 is installed between the swing arm 323 and the grinding base 321. The elastic element 324 is set as a spring buffer rod. One end of the elastic element 324 is rotatably connected to the grinding base 321, and the other end of the elastic element 324 is rotatably connected to the end of the swing arm 323 with the tension wheel 327. The grinding belt 325 is wound around the first pulley 326 and the tension wheel 327.

[0072] A displacement drive 34 is mounted on the grinding base 321 and the mounting bracket 31. In this embodiment, the displacement drive is a linear motor. The grinding base 321 is connected to the output end of the displacement drive 34, and the displacement drive 34 is electrically connected to the controller 12. When the controller 12 obtains the real-time cutting position data of the cutting piece 22 detected by the distance sensor 463, the controller 12 will control the displacement drive 34 to move the grinding base 321 on the mounting bracket 31, adjusting the distance between the grinding base 321 and the differential housing 011.

[0073] The swing component 33 includes a rotary drive component 331, a turntable 332, a pull arm 333, and a swing arm 334. The rotary drive component 331 is also configured as a servo motor. The rotary drive component 331 is electrically connected to the controller 12. The rotary drive component 331 is fixed on the grinding base 321. The turntable 332 is fixed on the output end of the rotary drive component 331. An extension 3211 is fixed on the side of the grinding base 321 near the fixed base 44. A position sensor is fixed on the end of the extension 3211 away from the grinding base 321. The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller 12. The position sensor can sense the differential housing 011 fixed on the fixed base 44 to determine whether the grinding is complete.

[0074] The swing arm 334 is rotatably mounted on the extension 3211. A set of second pulleys 335 are respectively provided at both ends of the swing arm 334 in the length direction. The second pulleys 335 are movably pressed against the inner ring of the grinding belt 325. The turntable 332 is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft 3321 in the radial direction. One end of the pull arm 333 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 3321, and the other end of the pull arm 333 is rotatably connected to one end of the swing arm 334. When the rotating drive 331 drives the turntable 332 to rotate, the pull arm 333 can drive the swing arm 334 to reciprocate.

[0075] The implementation principle of the integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing in this application embodiment is as follows: First, the gripping mechanism places the blank 01 to be cut on the fixed seat 44. During this period, the electric push rod will deflect the fixed seat 44 to the side closer to the support 451 by a certain angle. Then, as the gripping mechanism places the blank 01 on the fixed seat 44, the blank 01 will gradually press down on the output end of the first telescopic member 452, thereby causing the second telescopic member 454 to drive the clamping arm 453 to clamp and limit the blank 01. At the same time, as the fixed seat 44 gradually deflects to the side of the support 451 until it is parallel, the positioning pin 442 set on the fixed seat 44 is inserted into the bolt connection hole, the first driving member 43 drives the plug to make the expansion tube 411 abut against the inner wall of the differential housing 011, and the pressing arm 423 presses the blank 01 onto the fixed seat 44.

[0076] Next, the controller 12 controls the cutting part 22 to move to the cutting position to cut the blank part 01 in steps. The differential housing 011 cut out first is deflected 90 degrees away from the support 451 by the fixed seat 44 under the action of the electric push rod. The displacement drive 34 drives the grinding seat 321 to move down, and the grinding belt 325 grinds the cut position. After the grinding is completed, the gripping mechanism will grip the processed differential housing 011. At the same time, the first drive 43 releases the inner fixed part 41 and the outer fixed part 42 from its limiting fixation. The gripping mechanism takes away the differential housing 011.

[0077] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housings, characterized in that, include: A base, on which a machine platform is fixedly mounted, and on which a controller is mounted; A cutting assembly, comprising a transverse truss and a cutting component, wherein the transverse truss is fixed on the base, a cutting arm is slidably disposed on the transverse truss, and the cutting component is disposed on the cutting arm, and the cutting component is capable of cutting the blank. A grinding assembly, comprising a mounting bracket and a grinding component, wherein the mounting bracket is fixed to one side of the machine base and the grinding component is disposed on the mounting bracket, and the grinding component is capable of grinding the cut edges of the differential housing after cutting. A fixing assembly includes an inner fixing member, an outer fixing member, and a first driving member. A fixing seat is rotatably mounted on the machine base. The fixing seat is located between the cutting part and the grinding part, and is selectively corresponding to the cutting part and the grinding part. A positioning groove is provided on the fixing seat. The inner fixing member is disposed in the positioning groove, and the outer fixing member is disposed on the fixing seat. The first driving member is fixed on the side of the fixing seat opposite to the outer fixing member. The output end of the first driving member is connected to the inner fixing member. The inner fixing member and the outer fixing member are connected in a transmission manner. The inner fixing member abuts against the inner wall of the differential housing, and the outer fixing member abuts against the outer wall of the differential housing. The blank part is fixed on the fixing seat by the combined action of the inner fixing member and the outer fixing member. The internal fixing component includes an expansion tube and a compression plug. The expansion tube is coaxially disposed in the positioning groove and is tapered. One end of the expansion tube is fixedly provided with a positioning part, which is fixedly connected to the fixing seat. The other end of the expansion tube has multiple sets of deformation slots. The compression plug is slidably inserted into the expansion tube and its shape is adapted to the shape of the expansion tube. The output end of the first drive component is fixedly connected to one end of the compression plug. When the first drive component drives the compression plug to move within the expansion tube, the end of the compression plug away from the first drive component presses against the end of the expansion tube with the deformation slots, thereby causing the end of the expansion tube with the deformation slots to abut against the inner wall of the differential housing. The grinding component includes a grinding base, a grinding drive, a swing arm, an elastic element, and a grinding belt. The grinding base is mounted on the mounting bracket and positioned above the fixed base. Two sets of first pulleys are rotatably mounted on the grinding base, and the two sets of first pulleys are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the grinding base. The grinding drive is fixedly mounted on the grinding base and electrically connected to the controller. The output end of the grinding drive is fixedly connected to one set of first pulleys. One end of the swing arm is rotatably mounted on the grinding base, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably mounted with a tension wheel. The elastic element is installed between the swing arm and the grinding base. One end of the elastic element is rotatably connected to the grinding base, and the other end of the elastic element is rotatably connected to the end of the swing arm with the tension wheel. The grinding belt is wound around both the first pulley and the tension wheel.

2. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external fixing component includes a transmission arm, a connecting rod, and a pressing arm. One end of the transmission arm is fixedly connected to the end of the compression plug near the first driving member, and the other end of the transmission arm is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod. The pressing arm is rotatably disposed on the side of the fixed seat near the differential housing. The end of the connecting rod away from the transmission arm is rotatably connected to one end of the pressing arm, and the other end of the pressing arm abuts against the outer wall of the differential. When the first driving member drives the compression plug to press one end of the expansion tube against the inner wall of the differential housing, the transmission arm drives the pressing arm through the connecting rod to press the differential housing onto the fixed seat.

3. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further includes a gate support, which includes a support, a first telescopic member, and a clamping arm. The support is fixed to the machine base, and a support frame is fixed to the machine base. The support frame is located between the support and the fixing base. The first telescopic member is fixed to the support frame, and its output end is movably abutting against the blank. The clamping arm is rotatably mounted on the machine base and is located on one side of the support. A second telescopic member is mounted on the support and is convexly connected to the first telescopic member. The output end of the second telescopic member is connected to one end of the clamping arm, and a limiting part is fixed to the other end of the clamping arm. The limiting part is movably abutting against and limiting the flow channel on the blank. When the blank is fixed to the machine base by the fixing assembly, the blank presses against the output end of the first telescopic member, thereby causing the output end of the second telescopic member to drive one end of the clamping arm to swing.

4. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing arm is equipped with a detection element for detecting the cutting position. The detection element includes a base plate, a third telescopic component, a distance sensor, and an extrusion tube. A deflection shaft is fixed to one end of the base plate, and a rotating seat is fixed to one side of the pressing arm in the width direction. The deflection shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating seat. The base plate is rotatably mounted on the pressing arm via the deflection shaft. The length direction of the base plate is parallel to the width direction of the pressing arm. The third telescopic component is fixed to the pressing arm, and its output end is connected to the end of the base plate away from the deflection shaft. The distance sensor is fixed to the base plate and electrically connected to the controller. The extrusion tube is a bellows with both ends closed. The extrusion tube is filled with hydraulic oil. One end of the extrusion tube is fixed to the side of the pressing arm away from the base plate, and the other end of the extrusion tube is movably abutting against the fixed seat. The extrusion tube is drivenly connected to the third telescopic component. When the pressing arm presses the differential housing onto the fixed seat, the extrusion tube is squeezed by the fixed seat, and the hydraulic oil in the extrusion tube causes the output end of the third telescopic component to retract inward to its position.

5. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding assembly also includes a swinging component, which includes a rotary drive, a turntable, a pull arm, and a swinging arm. The rotary drive is fixed on the grinding base and electrically connected to the controller. The turntable is fixed on the output end of the rotary drive. An extension is fixed on the side of the grinding base near the fixed base. The swinging arm is rotatably mounted on the extension. A set of second pulleys is provided at both ends of the swinging arm in the length direction. The second pulleys are movably pressed against the inner ring of the grinding belt. A rotating shaft is fixed in the radial direction of the turntable. One end of the pull arm is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the pull arm is rotatably connected to one end of the swinging arm. When the rotary drive drives the turntable to rotate, the pull arm can drive the swinging arm to reciprocate.

6. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting bracket is fixedly provided with a slide rail, the grinding seat is slidably disposed on the slide rail, the mounting bracket is provided with a displacement drive component, the grinding seat is connected to the output end of the displacement drive component, and the displacement drive component is electrically connected to the controller.

7. The integrated cutting and grinding device for differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is fixed with a positioning pin, which can be inserted into a bolt connection hole on one end of the differential housing. The shaft diameter of the positioning pin is smaller than the diameter of the threaded connection hole.

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