Water jet propulsion pump combined with pulse detonation engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine, which belongs to the technical field of underwater propulsion, and comprises a water-jet propulsion pump shell, a water-jet propulsion pump, a water-jet propulsion pump spray pipe, an annular bracket, a water inlet and a pulse detonation engine unit, and the water-jet propulsion pump spray pipe is fixed at the rear end of the water-jet propulsion pump shell; the water-jet propulsion pump extends into the water-jet propulsion pump shell from front to back, a propulsion pump water inlet flow channel is formed between the water-jet propulsion pump and the inner wall of the water-jet propulsion pump shell, and the space in the water-jet propulsion pump spray pipe is called as a propulsion pump water outlet flow channel; a cavity of which the front end face is closed and the rear end face is communicated with a water outlet runner of the water spraying propulsion pump is formed in the circumferential side wall of the water spraying propulsion pump shell; and the pulse detonation engine unit is fixed in the cavity. The high-efficiency thrust generation capacity of the pulse detonation engine is effectively utilized, extra thrust is provided for the water jet propulsion pump, the propulsion efficiency and thrust output are remarkably improved, and the pulse detonation engine is suitable for the propulsion requirements of high-speed ships under special working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underwater propulsion, and in particular relates to a water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of a waterjet propulsion system, the waterjet pump primarily consists of an inlet channel, guide vanes, impeller, outlet channel, and control system. Fluid enters the pump chamber through the inlet channel. After being accelerated by the impeller's rotation, the guide vanes recover and convert the fluid's kinetic energy into an axial velocity component. Ultimately, the fluid is ejected at high speed through the outlet channel, generating reverse thrust on the ship's hull and effectively propulsing the vessel.

[0003] As a core component of a waterjet propulsion system, the waterjet pump, while relatively simple in structure and easy to maintain, is limited by the design of its impeller and flow path, making it difficult to significantly improve its thrust performance. Furthermore, conventional waterjet pumps are prone to reduced efficiency and unstable flow under high load conditions, impacting the vessel's propulsion and fuel economy.

[0004] Pulse detonation engines utilize periodic detonation waves to generate high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases, which in turn generate thrust. Their advantages, such as high cycle thermal efficiency and simple structure, have led to their recent application in aerospace. As the technology matures, the efficient thrust generation and structural advantages of pulse detonation engines have attracted attention in the maritime sector, making them an emerging approach for improving ship propulsion performance.

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of waterjet propulsion pumps, the introduction of pulse detonation technology into the waterjet propulsion system is expected to break through the bottleneck of limited thrust of traditional waterjet propulsion pumps and achieve more efficient ship propulsion. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine. By arranging multiple pulse detonation engines circumferentially around the outer periphery of the water jet propulsion pump housing, the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the pulse detonation engines is used to provide additional thrust for the water jet propulsion pump.

[0007] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is: a water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine, which includes a water jet propulsion pump housing, a water jet propulsion pump, a water jet propulsion pump nozzle, an annular bracket, a water inlet, and a pulse detonation engine group.

[0008] The pulse detonation engine group consists of N pulse detonation engines uniformly distributed along the circumference, where N=2, 4, 6, 8.

[0009] The water jet pump housing is a thick-walled rotating body. The water jet pump nozzle is fixed to the rear end of the water jet pump housing. The water jet pump extends into the water jet pump housing from front to rear. A propulsion pump water inlet channel is formed between the water jet pump and the inner wall of the water jet pump housing. The space within the water jet pump nozzle is called the propulsion pump water outlet channel. A cavity is provided within the circumferential side wall of the water jet pump housing, with a front end face closed and a rear end face connected to the propulsion pump water outlet channel. N pulse detonation engines are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cavity and fixed within the cavity by an annular bracket. An annular water flow channel is formed between the pulse detonation engine and the cavity. An annular air inlet is formed between the pulse detonation engine and the closed end of the cavity. The annular air inlet is connected to the interior of the pulse detonation engine for supplying gaseous oxidant thereto. M water inlets are opened on the inner wall of the water jet pump housing and connected to the annular water flow channel to ensure water flow into the annular water flow channel for cooling the pulse detonation engine arranged in the annular water flow channel, where M = N.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0011] (1) The pulse detonation engine has high instantaneous thrust, which can improve the overall acceleration performance, generate additional thrust, and increase the overall thrust.

[0012] (2) The high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated during the operation of the pulse detonation engine mixes with the water medium to form a pulsed water jet in the nozzle of the water jet propulsion pump, which can greatly improve the propulsion efficiency of the water jet propulsion pump.

[0013] (3) Compared with traditional underwater propeller propulsion, pulse detonation engines have no moving parts and no mechanical energy loss caused by intermediate rotating parts. They directly convert the chemical energy of the fuel into the kinetic energy of the working fluid and have the inherent advantage of high energy conversion rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the water jet propulsion pump combined with the pulse detonation engine according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the pulse detonation engine structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular air inlet according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the annular bracket described in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a working mode diagram of the pulse detonation engine described in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1-water jet propulsion pump housing; 2-drive shaft; 3-impeller; 4-guide vane; 5-propulsion pump water inlet flow channel; 6-propulsion pump water outlet flow channel; 7-water jet propulsion pump nozzle; 8-annular water flow channel; 9-annular bracket; 10-pulse detonation engine group; 11-pulse detonation engine; 12-water inlet; 13-annular air inlet; 14-oil filling pipe; 15-air inlet pipe; 16-first flange; 17-center cone blunt body; 18-atomizing nozzle; 19-circular hole; 20-detonation chamber; 21-second flange; 22-ignition head; 23-mounting position; 24-waist hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; "connection" can refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0023] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] The following will further introduce the specific implementation methods, as well as the technical difficulties and inventive points of this invention in combination with this design example.

[0025] A water jet pump combined with a pulse detonation engine operates under normal water jet pump conditions. When the system requires additional thrust or a transient acceleration, the pulse detonation engine begins operating. Fuel in the detonation tube ignites, forming a detonation wave. The periodic detonation wave and the detonation gas interact with the surrounding water medium to form a pulsed water jet, generating thrust.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the water jet pump combined with the pulse detonation engine described in the present invention includes a water jet pump housing 1, a water jet pump, a water jet pump nozzle 7, an annular bracket 9, a water inlet 12, and a pulse detonation engine group 10.

[0027] The pulse detonation engine group 10 is composed of N (N=2, 4, 6, 8) pulse detonation engines 11 that are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0028] The water jet pump housing 1 is a thick-walled rotating body. The water jet pump nozzle 7 is fixed to the rear end of the water jet pump housing 1. The water jet pump extends into the water jet pump housing 1 from front to back. A propulsion pump water inlet flow channel 5 is formed between the water jet pump and the inner wall of the water jet pump housing 1. The space within the water jet pump nozzle 7 is called the propulsion pump water outlet flow channel 6. A cavity is provided in the circumferential side wall of the water jet pump housing 1, with a front end face enclosing the propulsion pump water outlet flow channel 6 and a rear end face connected to the propulsion pump water outlet flow channel 6. N pulse detonation engines 11 are evenly distributed in the above-mentioned cavity along the circumference and fixed in the cavity by an annular bracket 9. An annular water flow channel 8 is formed between the pulse detonation engine 11 and the cavity.

[0029] The height of the annular water channel 8 is 2-3 times the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11. Experimental results show that when the height of the annular water channel 8 is twice the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11, the gas jet pressure of the pulse detonation engine 11 increases by 548%; when the height of the annular water channel 8 is three times the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11, the gas jet pressure of the pulse detonation engine 11 increases by 565%; and when the height of the annular water channel 8 is four times the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11, the gas jet pressure of the pulse detonation engine 11 increases by 384%. Considering the compactness of the overall device structure, the height of the annular water channel 8 can be set to twice the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11. Considering the optimal propulsion performance of the overall device, the height of the annular water channel 8 can be set to three times the diameter of the pulse detonation engine 11.

[0030] An annular air inlet 13 is formed between the pulse detonation engine 11 and the closed end of the cavity.

[0031] The waterjet pump consists of a drive shaft 2, an impeller 3, and guide vanes 4, connected in sequence from front to back. The front end of the drive shaft 2 is located outside the waterjet pump housing 1 and is connected to an external power device to drive the impeller 3 in rotation. The impeller 3 is arranged in the propulsion pump inlet flow channel 5 within the waterjet pump housing 1. The guide vanes 4 are located between the impeller 3 and the front end of the propulsion pump outlet flow channel 6. The blades of the guide vanes 4 are evenly distributed and fixed to the inner wall of the waterjet pump housing 1. They are responsible for converting the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the impeller 3 into axial flow velocity.

[0032] N pulse detonation engines 11 are evenly arranged in the annular water channel 8 along the circumferential direction, and the specific number is determined according to the size of the propulsion pump and the thrust requirement.

[0033] M water inlets 12 are formed on the inner wall of the waterjet pump housing 1 and communicate with the annular water channel 8, ensuring water flow into the annular water channel 8 for cooling the pulse detonation engine 11 arranged therein, where M = N. An annular bracket 9 is rigidly connected to the housing 1 and is a hollow structure to ensure water flow. Multiple mounting positions 23 are evenly distributed on the bracket 9 for securing the N pulse detonation engines 11. An annular air inlet 13 communicates with the interior of the pulse detonation engine 11 to supply it with gaseous oxidant.

[0034] The water inlet 12 is not connected to the annular air inlet duct 13 .

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the pulse detonation engine 11 includes an oil injection pipe 14, an air intake pipe 15, a first flange 16, a central cone bluff body 17, an atomizing nozzle 18, a detonation chamber 20, a second flange 21, and an ignition head 22. One end of the pulse detonation engine 11 is fixedly connected to the water jet pump housing 1 via the first flange 16. A sealing ring is sandwiched between the first flange 16 and the housing 1 to ensure sealing. The pulse detonation engine 11 is fixedly connected to the annular bracket 9 via the second flange 21, ensuring the stable installation of the pulse detonation engine 11. The air intake pipe 15 is connected to an external oxidant supply device for supplying gaseous oxidant to the annular air intake duct 13. The annular air intake duct 13 is connected to the detonation chamber 20. The oil injection pipe 14 is connected to an external fuel supply device at one end and to the central cone bluff body 17 at the other end for injecting liquid fuel into the detonation chamber 20. The atomizing nozzle 18 is threadedly fixed to the rear end of the central cone bluff body 17 to achieve efficient atomization and injection of the fuel. The ignition head 22 is installed in the wall of the detonation chamber 20 through the circular hole 19 on the outer wall of the water jet propulsion pump housing 1, and is used to ignite the fuel and oxidant mixture and start the detonation process. The circular hole 19 is also used to pass the cable of the ignition head 22.

[0036] The central cone bluff 17, mounted at the front of the detonation chamber 20, effectively increases the turbulence intensity of the combustion gas, accelerating the combustion reaction and ensuring the stable formation and propagation of the detonation wave. The high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas within the detonation chamber 20 is released through the open end of the pulse detonation engine 11 into the propulsion pump outlet flow channel 6, thereby providing additional propulsion for the waterjet propulsion pump.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the annular air inlet 13 is connected to the interior of the pulse detonation engine 11 , and the air inlet pipe 15 is used to provide gaseous oxidant to the annular air inlet 13 .

[0038] like Figure 4As shown, a waist hole 24 is opened between two adjacent mounting positions 23 on the annular bracket 9 to ensure that water in the annular water flow channel 8 can pass through.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the pulse detonation engine group 10 adopts a symmetrical working mode. N pulse detonation engines 11 evenly distributed along the circumference can effectively balance the forces and vibrations generated by the pulse detonation engine 11 during operation, avoiding overall structural damage or performance degradation due to uneven force. In addition, the symmetrically distributed N pulse detonation engines 11 can realize two modes of synchronous operation or intermittent operation, which can be adjusted according to specific thrust requirements. By adjusting the working rhythm and combination of each pulse detonation engine 11, the thrust output of the system can be continuously and controllably changed, thereby meeting the power requirements under different working conditions and improving applicability and efficiency.

[0040] The working method of the water jet propulsion pump combined with the pulse detonation engine mentioned above includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: The transmission shaft 2 is driven to rotate by an external power device, which drives the impeller 3 to rotate. The water flows into the propulsion pump inlet channel 5 and is accelerated by the impeller 3 and the guide vane 4 before flowing to the propulsion pump outlet channel 6, realizing the basic water jet propulsion function.

[0042] S2: The gaseous oxidant is transported from the air inlet pipe 15 to the annular air inlet duct 13 and evenly distributed into the detonation chambers 20 of the plurality of pulse detonation engines 11 arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0043] S3: Liquid fuel is injected into the detonation chamber 20 through the fuel injection pipe 14, atomized into fine droplets by the atomizing nozzle 18, and fully mixed with the gaseous oxidant.

[0044] S4: The ignition head 22 ignites the fuel and oxidant mixture, generating a combustion wave, which quickly transforms into a stable detonation wave, forming high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas;

[0045] S5: The high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the detonation wave is released from the open end of the pulse detonation engine, generating additional thrust, which increases the overall thrust of the water jet propulsion pump.

[0046] S6: Repeat steps S2 to S5 to form a continuous pulse detonation cycle, continuously providing additional thrust to the water jet propulsion pump, which can significantly improve the propulsion efficiency and thrust output.

Claims

1. A water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine, characterized in that: It comprises a water jet propulsion pump housing (1), a water jet propulsion pump, a water jet propulsion pump nozzle (7), an annular bracket (9), a water inlet (12), and a pulse detonation engine group (10); The pulse detonation engine group (10) is composed of N pulse detonation engines (11) uniformly distributed along the circumference, where N=2, 4, 6, 8; The water jet propulsion pump housing (1) is a thick-walled rotating body. The water jet propulsion pump nozzle (7) is fixed at the rear end of the water jet propulsion pump housing (1). The water jet propulsion pump extends into the water jet propulsion pump housing (1) from front to rear. A propulsion pump water inlet flow channel (5) is formed between the water jet propulsion pump and the inner wall of the water jet propulsion pump housing (1). The space inside the water jet propulsion pump nozzle (7) is called a propulsion pump water outlet flow channel (6). A cavity with a front end face closed and a rear end face connected to the propulsion pump water outlet flow channel (6) is provided in the circumferential side wall of the water jet propulsion pump housing (1). N pulse detonation engines (11) are evenly distributed in the above cavity along the circumferential direction, and The water jet pump (1) is fixed in the cavity by an annular bracket (9), an annular water flow channel (8) is formed between the pulse detonation engine (11) and the cavity, an annular air inlet channel (13) is formed between the pulse detonation engine (11) and the closed end of the cavity, and the annular air inlet channel (13) is connected to the interior of the pulse detonation engine (11) for providing gaseous oxidant thereto; M water inlets (12) are opened on the inner wall of the water jet pump housing (1) and are connected to the annular water flow channel (8) to ensure that water flows into the annular water flow channel (8) for cooling the pulse detonation engine (11) arranged in the annular water flow channel (8), where M=N.

2. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the annular water flow channel (8) is 2-3 times the diameter of the pulse detonation engine (11).

3. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water jet propulsion pump comprises a transmission shaft (2), an impeller (3), and a guide vane (4) which are connected in sequence from front to back; the front end of the transmission shaft (2) is located outside the water jet propulsion pump housing (1) and is connected to an external power device for driving the impeller (3) to rotate; the impeller (3) is arranged in a propulsion pump water inlet channel (5) in the water jet propulsion pump housing (1); the guide vane (4) is located between the impeller (3) and the front end surface of the propulsion pump water outlet channel (6); the blades of the guide vane (4) are evenly distributed and fixed to the inner wall of the water jet propulsion pump housing (1), and are responsible for converting the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the impeller (3) into an axial flow velocity.

4. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular bracket (9) is rigidly connected to the housing (1), and the annular bracket (9) is a hollow structure to ensure water flow.

5. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulse detonation engine (11) comprises an oil injection pipe (14), an air intake pipe (15), a first flange (16), a central cone blunt body (17), an atomizing nozzle (18), a detonation chamber (20), a second flange (21), and an ignition head (22); one end of the pulse detonation engine (11) is fixedly connected to a water jet propulsion pump housing (1) through the first flange (16), and a sealing ring is clamped between the first flange (16) and the housing (1) to ensure sealing; the pulse detonation engine (11) is fixedly connected to an annular bracket (9) through the second flange (21) to ensure stable installation of the pulse detonation engine (11); the air intake pipe (15) is connected to an external oxidant supply device (21). The annular air inlet (13) is connected to the detonation chamber (20); one end of the oil injection pipe (14) is connected to the external fuel supply device, and the other end is connected to the central cone blunt body (17) for injecting liquid fuel into the detonation chamber (20); the atomizing nozzle (18) is fixed to the rear end of the central cone blunt body (17) to achieve efficient atomization injection of fuel; the ignition head (22) is installed in the pipe wall of the detonation chamber (20) through the circular hole (19) on the outer wall of the water jet propulsion pump housing (1) and is used to ignite the fuel and oxidant mixture and start the detonation process; the circular hole (19) is also used to pass the cable of the ignition head (22).

6. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central cone blunt body (17) is installed at the front section of the detonation chamber (20), which can effectively increase the turbulence intensity of the combustion gas, accelerate the combustion reaction, and ensure the stable formation and propagation of the detonation wave; the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas in the detonation chamber (20) is released into the propulsion pump outlet flow channel (6) through the open end at the tail of the pulse detonation engine (11), thereby providing additional propulsion force for the water jet propulsion pump.

7. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (15) is used to provide gaseous oxidant to the annular air inlet passage (13).

8. The water jet propulsion pump combined with a pulse detonation engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pulse detonation engine group (10) adopts a symmetrical working mode, and N pulse detonation engines (11) are evenly and symmetrically distributed in a ring shape, which can effectively balance the force and vibration generated by the pulse detonation engine (11) during operation, and avoid overall structural damage or performance degradation due to uneven force; the symmetrically distributed N pulse detonation engines (11) can realize two modes of synchronous operation or interval operation, and can be adjusted according to specific thrust requirements; by adjusting the working rhythm and combination mode of each pulse detonation engine (11), the thrust output of the system can achieve continuous and controllable changes, thereby meeting the power requirements under different working conditions and improving applicability and efficiency.

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