Glass welding method, glass assembly and optical lens assembly

Abstract

The invention discloses a glass welding method, a glass assembly and an optical lens assembly. A glass substrate is provided; fitting the to-be-welded surfaces of the at least two glass substrates, irradiating the to-be-welded areas of the glass substrates with infrared laser after beam expansion, and performing glass welding; wherein at least one glass substrate meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains an infrared laser absorbing substance, (2) a film layer with an infrared laser absorbing function is arranged on a non-welding surface of the glass substrate, and (3) a receiving plate with an infrared laser absorbing function is attached to the non-welding surface of the glass substrate; and the film layer and / or the bearing plate are / is removed after the glass is welded. The glass is uniformly heated in the welding process, the technical problems of local overheating, overhigh stress and the like are solved, the stability of glass post-treatment is good, and the welded glass piece has an excellent effect when being applied to an optical lens assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of glass fusing, and in particular to a glass fusing method, a glass assembly, and an optical lens assembly. Background Art

[0002] Due to its excellent optical, corrosion-resistant, and thermodynamic properties, glass has important applications in technologies such as sensors, photonic devices, biochips, and optical lens assemblies. In these areas, it's often necessary to join two pieces of glass together. Common joining techniques include gluing, anodic bonding, and thermal welding. The polymer adhesives used in gluing are prone to outgassing and aging, resulting in low stability and environmental friendliness. Anodic bonding requires similar thermal expansion coefficients for the two materials being bonded. Otherwise, when the ambient temperature rises, the materials expand at different rates, causing deformation and warping, which has certain application limitations. Thermal welding involves melting the materials at the interface at high temperatures. When the temperature drops and the melted portion solidifies, the two workpieces are securely welded together. However, thermal welding induces a large heat-affected zone (HAZ) and high residual stress. With technological advancements, laser welding has emerged as a new glass welding technology, offering advantages such as non-contact heating, high output power density, high processing precision, a small HAZ, and enhanced flexibility. However, with the precision, complexity and non-standardization of workpieces, the requirements for glass parts are getting higher and higher. The current laser welding is all laser spot heating, which can instantly reach very high energy and nonlinear energy absorption, which is prone to local excessive heat. The absorbed area will reach very high stress after cooling, causing overall stress imbalance, resulting in poor stability and easy cracking of glass parts. Excessive energy will cause certain damage to the glass, and the technical requirements are high, making it unsuitable for industrial manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a glass welding method, glass assembly and optical lens assembly that have uniform laser heat, good stability of welded glass parts and are suitable for industrial manufacturing.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a glass fusing method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] providing a glass substrate;

[0006] Laminating the surfaces to be welded of at least two glass substrates, and irradiating the areas to be welded of the glass substrates with an infrared laser after beam expansion to weld the glass;

[0007] Among them, at least one of the glass substrates meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains infrared laser absorbing material, (2) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a film layer with infrared laser absorbing function, (3) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a receiving plate with infrared laser absorbing function; and the film layer and / or the receiving plate are removed after the glass is fused.

[0008] In some embodiments, the wavelength of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 700 nm to 5000 nm; and / or the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 1 W / cm 2 -100W / cm 2 .

[0009] In some embodiments, the membrane layer and / or the receiving plate further satisfy at least one of the following characteristics (1) to (9):

[0010] (1) The infrared laser absorbing material contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iron, praseodymium, erbium, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt;

[0011] (2) The infrared laser absorptivity of the film layer is greater than 1%;

[0012] (3) The film layer includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tin, molybdenum, and their oxides;

[0013] Optionally, the film layer includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide, molybdenum sulfide, elemental iron, iron-cobalt alloy, and zinc oxide;

[0014] (4) The film layer and the receiving plate can be independently heated to any temperature within the temperature range of |T1-100°C| to T2, where T1 is the strain point temperature of the glass substrate and T2 is the softening point temperature of the glass substrate;

[0015] (5) The deformation of the receiving plate is less than 1%;

[0016] (6) The material of the receiving plate includes one or more of tungsten steel, stainless steel, graphite and silicon carbide ceramics;

[0017] (7) The thickness of the film layer is 50nm-600nm;

[0018] (8) The thickness of the receiving plate is 1mm-20mm;

[0019] (9) The membrane layer and / or the receiving plate are removed by one or more of physical removal and chemical removal;

[0020] Optionally, the physical removal comprises polishing;

[0021] Optionally, the chemical removal includes one or more of acid cleaning and alkaline cleaning;

[0022] Further optionally, the polishing medium comprises cerium oxide;

[0023] Further optionally, the polishing pad material comprises polyester.

[0024] In some embodiments, the glass substrate further satisfies the following features (1) and / or (2):

[0025] (1) The glass substrate comprises one or more of aluminosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass and glass-ceramics;

[0026] (2) The thickness of the glass substrate is 0.01 mm to 10 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments, the expanded infrared laser covers the entire area to be welded on the glass substrate and performs fixed irradiation; and / or, the expanded infrared laser covers a portion of the area to be welded on the glass substrate and performs moving irradiation.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a glass piece, which is prepared by the glass fusing method provided in the first aspect.

[0029] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a glass assembly, which is obtained by fusing the glass piece provided in the second aspect with other glasses, wherein the other glasses include the glass piece and / or glass substrate provided in the second aspect.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides an optical lens assembly, wherein the optical lens assembly includes the glass member provided in the second aspect and / or the glass assembly provided in the third aspect;

[0031] Optionally, the optical lens assembly includes a mobile phone camera.

[0032] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a method for preparing the optical lens assembly provided in the fourth aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0033] independently processing the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate into predetermined shapes;

[0034] The first glass substrate and the second glass substrate of the predetermined shape are welded together by the glass welding method provided in the first aspect to prepare a glass piece;

[0035] A through hole is opened on the glass piece, the through hole passes through the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and the glass piece is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the preparation method further satisfies at least one of the following (1) to (3):

[0037] (1) The tempering liquid used in the tempering process includes one or more of a potassium salt solution and a sodium salt solution;

[0038] (2) The tempering temperature is 300℃-550℃;

[0039] (3) The tempering time is 350min-400min.

[0040] Compared with traditional technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0041] The technical solution of the present application expands the infrared laser beam into a large area and irradiates the surface of the glass substrate to be welded, ensuring that the glass substrate is heated evenly during the welding process. At the same time, during the welding process, at least one of the glass substrates meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains infrared laser absorbing substances, (2) the non-welding surface of the glass substrate is provided with a film layer with infrared laser absorption function, and (3) the non-welding surface of the glass substrate is provided with a receiving plate with infrared laser absorption function. The laser absorption effect of the glass substrate is improved, and technical difficulties such as local overheating and local excessive stress in the area to be welded of the glass substrate are overcome, further ensuring the stability of the welded glass parts during post-processing such as tempering, and improving the yield rate. In addition, in the technical solution of the present application, the film layer and / or receiving plate are removed after the glass is welded, avoiding their influence on the transparency and appearance of the glass. The glass welding method provided by the present application is simple to operate, highly efficient, does not damage the glass surface, is suitable for industrial production, and the welded glass parts are of high quality. It can be widely used in optical lens assemblies and achieves excellent results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process of the present application, in which the non-welding surfaces of the two glass substrates are both provided with film layers.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process of this application, in which a film layer is provided on the non-welding surface of a glass substrate.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process of this application, in which a film layer is provided on the non-welding surface of a glass substrate.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process of this application, including a glass substrate receiving plate.

[0046] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process of the present application, in which a glass substrate comprises an infrared laser absorbing material.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the glass welding process. During the glass welding process, the composition of the glass substrate does not contain infrared laser absorbing materials, and no film layer and / or receiving plate is provided on the non-welding surface of the glass substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the following provides a more comprehensive description of the technical solutions of the present application with reference to preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the disclosure of the present application.

[0049] It should be noted that the experimental methods in the following examples of this application without specifying specific conditions are generally based on conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturers. Various commonly used chemical reagents used in the examples are all commercially available products.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "include," "contain," and "comprise" used in this application are open-ended or closed-ended. For example, "include," "contain," and "comprise" may indicate that the present invention may also include or contain other members, elements, or method steps not listed, or may indicate that the present invention may include or contain only the listed members, elements, or method steps.

[0052] In this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. in "the first aspect," "the second aspect," "the third aspect," "the fourth aspect," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be understood as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Furthermore, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. serve only as non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and should be understood not to constitute a closed-ended limitation on quantity.

[0053] In this application, when referring to the unit of a data range, if the unit is only after the right endpoint, it means that the units of the left endpoint and the right endpoint are the same.

[0054] The term "CNC engraving" refers to the non-contact cutting and drilling of metal or non-metal materials by engraving machines.

[0055] The term "tempered" refers to the process of increasing the strength of glass by forming compressive stress on the surface of the glass, usually using chemical or physical methods. When the glass is subjected to external forces, the surface stress is first offset, thereby increasing the bearing capacity and enhancing the glass's own resistance to wind pressure, cold and heat, and impact.

[0056] The term "laser power density" refers to the laser energy received per unit area, usually expressed in W / cm² or J / cm².

[0057] The calculation formula of laser power density is: A=P / S;

[0058] Where: S is the area of ​​glass to be irradiated or the area to be heated, P is the required total laser power, and A is the power density of the laser.

[0059] Existing glass laser welding / fusion technology offers certain advantages over gluing, anodic bonding, and thermal fusion, particularly in terms of processing efficiency and performance. For example, in existing thermal fusion, the heating source is resistance heating, which heats the entire fusion environment and the glass components being fused. This results in unfocused energy and is easily lost. Laser fusion, on the other hand, prioritizes heating the glass, maximizing energy utilization. However, current glass laser welding / fusion technology still faces some difficult-to-overcome technical challenges, such as the formation of pores, uneven stress, and laser damage to the glass during the fusion process, which limits its application.

[0060] Based on this, the present application provides a glass welding method to overcome the above problems.

[0061] In a first aspect, the present application provides a glass fusing method, comprising the following steps:

[0062] providing a glass substrate;

[0063] Laminating the surfaces to be welded of at least two glass substrates, and irradiating the areas to be welded of the glass substrates with an infrared laser after beam expansion to weld the glass;

[0064] Among them, at least one of the glass substrates meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains infrared laser absorbing material, (2) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a film layer with infrared laser absorbing function, (3) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a receiving plate with infrared laser absorbing function; and the film layer and / or the receiving plate are removed after the glass is fused.

[0065] Infrared light has a thermal effect. Infrared light is invisible light in the electromagnetic spectrum. Its longer wavelength and lower energy primarily produce a thermal effect. This thermal effect is significant, as it can resonate with most inorganic and organic macromolecules within an object, accelerating their motion and causing friction between them, which in turn generates heat. Therefore, the laser used in this application for glass welding is an infrared laser.

[0066] The glass welding method provided by the present application utilizes the laser beam expansion to emit a large area to irradiate the area to be welded of the glass substrate, so as to promote uniform heating of the glass substrate during the welding process, reduce technical problems such as local overheating and local excessive stress, thereby overcoming the defects of current laser welding / melting, and especially solving the serious problem of uneven heating caused by the use of laser spot irradiation welding in traditional technology, which makes it impossible to post-process the glass parts. At the same time, the laser spot energy used in traditional technology is high, and an additional complex scanning program is required to perform laser scanning irradiation or oscillation irradiation for glass welding during the irradiation process, and the laser movement program needs to be strictly controlled to avoid uneven heating caused by laser spot irradiation welding, resulting in a low yield. In the glass welding method provided by the present application, after the laser beam is expanded, on the one hand, the laser irradiation operation of glass welding is simplified, and on the other hand, the uniform heating of the peeled welding surface is ensured, thus solving the limitations of traditional technology.

[0067] A laser beam expander is a lens assembly that can change the diameter and divergence angle of a laser beam, also known as a beam expander. A beam expander can expand the diameter of a laser beam and reduce the divergence angle of a laser beam. The divergence angle of an expanded light beam varies inversely with the beam expansion ratio. The magnification of the beam expander is the magnification of the beam diameter. The product of the spot size and the divergence angle of the laser beam output from the laser is an optical invariant. When the beam waist radius is expanded by x times, its divergence angle is correspondingly compressed to 1 / x of the original. Compressing the divergence angle is actually the collimation of the laser. Compressing the divergence angle does not improve the beam quality. The beam quality is the product of the beam waist radius and the divergence angle. Compressing the divergence angle will be accompanied by an increase in the beam waist radius, and the spot size increases. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present application, the laser is expanded by a beam expander.

[0068] Since glass itself has a weak ability to absorb laser light, in order to enhance the laser absorption effect of the glass substrate, at least one of the glass substrates in this application satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains infrared laser absorbing material, (2) the non-welding surface of the glass substrate is provided with a film layer having infrared laser absorption function, and (3) the non-welding surface of the glass substrate is provided with a receiving plate having infrared laser absorption function. This significantly improves the glass's absorption efficiency of laser energy, converting more laser energy into heat energy, and providing sufficient heat for glass welding. Secondly, through the laser absorbing material, film layer or receiving plate, the laser energy can be distributed more evenly on the glass surface, avoiding local energy being too high or too low, thereby accurately controlling the heat distribution on the glass surface, making the glass evenly heated during the welding process, reducing the generation of thermal stress and deformation, effectively improving the glass welding effect, making the welding interface more firm and stable, reducing the occurrence of defects such as bubbles and cracks, improving the success rate and reliability of glass welding, and improving the welding quality. Furthermore, during the laser welding process, the laser energy is highly concentrated, potentially damaging the glass surface. Therefore, the film layer and / or receiving plate protect the glass surface to a certain extent, reducing direct laser impact and thermal damage to the glass surface, making the glass surface smoother and flatter, thereby improving the strength and sealing of the glass weld and achieving a good welding effect. Furthermore, the film layer and / or receiving plate of the present application do not adhere to the glass or oxidize. They can be removed after the glass welding is completed without affecting the transparency, appearance, and other properties of the glass.

[0069] In some embodiments, the present application places a film layer and / or a receiving plate with infrared laser absorption capabilities on the non-welding surface of a glass substrate. This avoids problems such as localized overheating during the glass welding process, bubbles, ablation, or material splashing, which can occur when the film layer and / or receiving plate are placed on the surface to be welded. This can affect the bonding strength of the glass welding surface and the transparency of the glass component. By fully covering the non-welding surface of the glass substrate, the heat distribution on the glass surface can be better controlled, ensuring uniform heating of the glass during the welding process, reducing thermal stress and deformation, and promoting effective glass welding.

[0070] As a non-limiting example, in some embodiments, the wavelength of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 700 nm to 5000 nm. As a non-limiting example, the wavelength includes, but is not limited to, 700 nm, 800 nm, 980 nm, 1000 nm, 2000 nm, 3000 nm, 4000 nm, 5000 nm, or a range formed by any two of the foregoing, and any value within the range.

[0071] The power density of the infrared laser has a certain influence on the effect of glass welding, especially including the efficiency of glass welding and the effect of glass welding. In some embodiments, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 1W / cm 2 -100W / cm 2 As a non-limiting example, the power density includes but is not limited to 1W / cm 2 , 5W / cm 2 , 10W / cm 2 , 20W / cm 2 、30W / cm 2 、35W / cm 2 , 40W / cm 2 , 45W / cm 2 , 50W / cm 2 、55W / cm 2 、60W / cm 2 、65W / cm 2 , 70W / cm 2 、80W / cm 2 , 90W / cm 2 , 100W / cm 2 Or the range formed by any two of the above and any value within the range. Within the power density range, the efficiency of the glass welding process can be significantly improved, and at the same time, local overheating will not occur during the welding process, thereby preventing defects such as bubbles and local excessive stress during the glass welding process, thereby solving the technical problems of traditional glass laser welding / melting. Furthermore, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 30W / cm 2 -70W / cm 2 , which can realize glass welding efficiently and improve production effects.

[0072] In some embodiments, the laser-absorbing material comprises one or more of iron, praseodymium, erbium, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and cobalt. Materials containing these elements have a high laser absorption rate and can effectively convert laser energy into heat. Under laser irradiation, they can absorb a large amount of laser energy, rapidly heating the glass surface to the softening point or melting point of the glass, thereby achieving glass welding.

[0073] In the technical solution of this application, the parameters of the film layer have a certain impact on solving the technical problem of this application. In some embodiments, the laser absorption efficiency of the film layer is greater than 1%. Within this laser absorption efficiency parameter range, the film layer used in this application can better achieve glass fusing without causing interface separation between the glass layers. It can also improve the thermal efficiency of the film layer, thereby reducing the glass fusing time and improving the glass fusing efficiency.

[0074] In some embodiments, the film layer is made of metals such as iron, copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tin, and molybdenum, and their oxides. As a non-limiting example, the film layer of the present application includes one or more of iron oxide, ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide, molybdenum sulfide, iron, an iron-cobalt alloy, and zinc oxide. Furthermore, the iron oxide selected in the present application is ferric oxide, which has a high absorption rate for infrared lasers and can significantly improve welding efficiency, reduce damage to the glass caused by the laser during the welding process, and better achieve the technical effects of the present application.

[0075] Infrared laser is a high-energy light beam. When the laser energy is irradiated on the surface of an object, and the surface of the object can absorb the laser, the high energy of the laser will be converted into the internal energy of the object. The higher the internal energy, the higher the temperature. After the film layer or the carrier plate absorbs the internal energy, it conducts the energy to the glass layer, thereby heating the glass. Therefore, the film layer and the receiving plate in this application need to have specific heat absorption characteristics. The film layer and the receiving plate described in this application can each independently be heated to any temperature in the temperature range of |T1-100℃| to T2, where T1 is the strain point temperature of the glass substrate, and T2 is the softening point temperature of the glass substrate. It should be noted that "|T1-100℃|" refers to a temperature lower than T1100℃.

[0076] In some embodiments, the deformation of the receiving plate is less than 1% under the condition of a temperature below the softening point of the glass substrate to be welded. Deformation of the receiving plate will change its absorption of laser light and heat conduction. For example, the deformed part may absorb more laser energy, resulting in local overheating, causing the glass to over-melt, affecting the microstructure and performance of the glass and reducing the welding strength; while in some parts, the glass may not be fully melted due to insufficient heat, resulting in a weak weld and defects such as gaps or bubbles. For another example, the contact between the deformed receiving plate and the glass surface is no longer uniform, causing the glass surface to be subjected to uneven pressure. During the softening stage of the glass, this uneven pressure will cause additional stress inside the glass, which may cause cracks in the glass after cooling, seriously affecting the welding quality and the reliability of the glass product. Therefore, the present application uses a receiving plate with a deformation of less than 1% under the condition of a temperature below the softening point of the glass to better achieve the technical effects of the present application. As a non-limiting example, the deformation is a dimensional deformation, which is calculated by the difference in the size of the workpiece before and after deformation. As non-limiting examples, the docking plate comprises one or more of tungsten steel, stainless steel, graphite, and silicon carbide ceramic.

[0077] In some embodiments, the film layer has a thickness of 50 nm to 600 nm, within which the film layer can efficiently absorb laser light and generate heat. As non-limiting examples, the thickness includes, but is not limited to, 50 nm, 100 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm, 250 nm, 300 nm, 350 nm, 400 nm, 450 nm, 500 nm, 550 nm, 600 nm, or a range formed by any two of the foregoing, and any value within that range.

[0078] In some embodiments, the receiving plate has a thickness of 1 mm to 20 mm, within which the receiving plate can efficiently absorb laser light and generate heat. As non-limiting examples, the thickness includes, but is not limited to, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, or a range formed by any two of the foregoing, and any value within that range.

[0079] In some embodiments, the film layer is removed by one or more of physical and chemical removal. As a non-limiting example, physical removal includes polishing. Further optionally, the polishing medium includes cerium oxide. Further optionally, the polishing pad material includes polyester. As a non-limiting example, chemical removal includes one or more of acid cleaning and alkaline cleaning. As a non-limiting example, the acid includes organic and / or inorganic acids, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid, etc. As a non-limiting example, the alkaline solution includes sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide.

[0080] In some embodiments, the receiving plate is removed by one or more of the following methods: disassembly and removal. As a non-limiting example, after glass fusing in the present application, the receiving plate can be directly removed from the surface of the glass substrate without requiring physical or mechanical removal or chemical removal, and without damaging the surface of the glass.

[0081] In some embodiments, the glass substrate comprises one or more of aluminosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass, and glass-ceramics. Exemplarily, the glass-ceramics comprises zirconia glass-ceramics.

[0082] In some embodiments, the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.01 mm to 10 mm. As non-limiting examples, the thickness of the glass substrate to be fused includes, but is not limited to, 0.01 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, or a range formed by any two of the foregoing, and any value within the range.

[0083] In some embodiments, the expanded infrared laser beam covers the entire area of ​​the glass substrate to be welded and performs fixed irradiation. In some embodiments, the expanded infrared laser beam covers a portion of the area to be welded and performs moving irradiation. The fixed irradiation method can achieve more uniform heating of the glass substrate, overcoming technical difficulties such as localized overheating and excessive stress in the area to be welded. It further ensures the stability of the welded glass pieces during post-processing such as tempering, thereby improving the yield rate.

[0084] In some embodiments, the glass fusing process further includes one or more steps of annealing, carving, tempering, and decoration.

[0085] In some embodiments, the fine carving step includes but is not limited to using diamond sand rotary head fine carving or picosecond ultraviolet laser cutting.

[0086] In some embodiments, the tempering liquid used for tempering includes one or more of a potassium salt solution and a sodium salt solution. As a non-limiting example, the potassium salt solution includes molten potassium nitrate, and the sodium salt solution includes molten sodium nitrate.

[0087] In some embodiments, the tempering temperature is 300°C-550°C.

[0088] In some embodiments, the tempering time is 350 min-400 min.

[0089] The technical solution of the present application performs laser welding on the bonded glass substrates, so that the atoms on the glass surfaces to be welded are re-bonded, and the welding of the glass substrates can be efficiently achieved without adding any flux.

[0090] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a glass component, which is prepared by the glass fusing method provided in the first aspect. The glass component of the present application has excellent effects such as high strength and no bubbles.

[0091] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a glass assembly, which is obtained by fusing the glass piece provided in the second aspect with other glasses, wherein the other glasses include the glass piece and / or glass substrate provided in the second aspect.

[0092] In some embodiments, the fusing comprises the glass fusing method provided in the first aspect of the present application or a conventional glass fusing method. Furthermore, the glass fusing method provided in the first aspect of the present application can better obtain a glass component with excellent performance.

[0093] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides an optical lens assembly, which includes the glass piece provided in the second aspect and / or the glass assembly provided in the third aspect.

[0094] In some embodiments, the optical lens assembly includes a mobile phone camera.

[0095] In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a method for preparing the optical lens assembly provided in the fourth aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0096] independently processing the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate into predetermined shapes;

[0097] The first glass substrate and the second glass substrate of the predetermined shape are welded together by the glass welding method provided in the first aspect to prepare a glass piece;

[0098] A through hole is opened on the glass piece, the through hole passes through the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and the glass piece is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0099] In some embodiments, the tempering solution used in the tempering process includes one or more of a potassium salt solution and a sodium salt solution. As a non-limiting example, the potassium salt solution includes potassium nitrate molten salt, and the sodium salt solution includes sodium nitrate solution.

[0100] In some embodiments, the tempering temperature is 300° C.-550° C. Furthermore, the present application adopts a tempering temperature of 420° C. to better achieve the technical effects of the present application.

[0101] In some embodiments, the tempering time is 350 min-400 min.

[0102] A method for preparing an optical lens assembly is provided as an example. Figure 1 The first glass substrate (boss glass sheet) and the second glass substrate (bottom glass sheet) are CNC-machined to predetermined shapes respectively. The non-welding surfaces of the CNC-machined boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet are coated with a film layer. Then, the surfaces of the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet to be welded are bonded together. The infrared laser is irradiated on the area to be welded after beam expansion to weld the glass. After the welding is completed, the film layers on the non-welding surfaces of the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet are polished and removed to obtain glass parts. Then, the glass parts are CNC-carved with camera holes, which pass through the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet, and tempered to prepare optical lens components.

[0103] A method for preparing an optical lens assembly is provided as an example. Figure 2, respectively, the first glass substrate (boss glass sheet) and the second glass substrate (bottom glass sheet) are CNC-machined into predetermined shapes, the non-melting surface of the CNC-machined bottom glass sheet is coated with a film layer, and then the surfaces to be melted of the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet are bonded together, and the infrared laser is irradiated on the area to be melted after beam expansion to perform glass melting. After the melting is completed, the film layer on the non-melting surface of the bottom glass sheet is polished and removed to obtain a glass piece, and then the glass piece is CNC-carved with a camera hole, which passes through the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet, and is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0104] A method for preparing an optical lens assembly is provided as an example. Figure 3 The first glass substrate (boss glass sheet) and the second glass substrate (bottom glass sheet) are CNC-processed into predetermined shapes respectively. The non-melting surface of the CNC-processed boss glass sheet is coated with a film layer. Then, the surfaces to be melted of the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet are bonded together. The infrared laser is irradiated on the area to be melted after beam expansion to perform glass melting. After the melting is completed, a glass piece is obtained. The film layer on the non-melting surface of the boss glass sheet is polished and removed to obtain a glass piece. Then, the glass piece is CNC-carved with a camera hole, which passes through the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet, and is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0105] A method for preparing an optical lens assembly is provided as an example. Figure 4 The first glass substrate (convex glass sheet) and the second glass substrate (bottom glass sheet) are CNC-processed into predetermined shapes respectively. The surfaces of the CNC-processed convex glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet to be welded are bonded together. A receiving plate is set on the non-welding surface of the bottom glass sheet. The infrared laser is irradiated on the area to be welded after beam expansion to weld the glass. After the welding is completed, a glass piece is obtained. The receiving plate on the non-welding surface of the bottom glass sheet is removed to obtain a glass piece. Then, a camera hole is CNC-carved on the glass piece. The camera hole passes through the convex glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet. The glass piece is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0106] A method for preparing an optical lens assembly is provided as an example. Figure 5 The first glass substrate (convex glass sheet) and the second glass substrate (bottom glass sheet) are CNC-processed into predetermined shapes respectively. The bottom glass sheet contains laser absorbing material. The CNC-processed boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet are bonded to the surfaces to be welded. The infrared laser is irradiated on the area to be welded after beam expansion to weld the glass. After the welding is completed, a glass piece is obtained. A camera hole is CNC-carved on the glass piece. The camera hole passes through the boss glass sheet and the bottom glass sheet. The glass piece is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

[0107] For experimental parameters not specified in the following specific examples, reference is made to the guidance given in this application document, and reference may also be made to experimental manuals in the art or other experimental methods known in the art, or to the experimental conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0108] The raw materials and reagents involved in the following specific examples can be obtained commercially, or can be prepared by those skilled in the art according to known methods.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] Take two glass substrates: a bottom glass sheet and a boss glass sheet, both of which are Corning GG3 (2 mm), and CNC machine them into a predetermined shape.

[0111] A ferric oxide film is plated on one surface of the bottom glass sheet, and a ferric oxide film is plated on one surface of the boss glass sheet. The thickness of the film layer is 200 mm.

[0112] The uncoated surfaces of the bottom glass sheet and the boss glass are respectively bonded together, and then fixedly irradiated and welded by laser. The laser is emitted by a diode laser and then expanded by a laser beam expander for large-area irradiation, and the irradiation area completely covers the bottom glass sheet and the boss glass.

[0113] The infrared laser after beam expansion has a wavelength of 980nm and a power density of 40W / cm 2 , the laser irradiation time is 30min.

[0114] After the treatment is completed, a polishing machine (the polishing medium is cerium oxide and the polishing pad material is polyester material) is used to remove the film layer to obtain a glass piece.

[0115] Then, the glass piece is CNC-carved with a camera hole, and then immersed in 420°C potassium nitrate molten salt for tempering for 400 minutes, cleaned, and dried to obtain an optical lens assembly. The preparation process of this embodiment is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 shown.

[0116] Example 2

[0117] Take two glass substrates to be fused: the bottom glass sheet and the boss glass sheet, both of which are Corning GG8 (2mm), and CNC machine them into the predetermined shape.

[0118] A ferric oxide film is plated on one surface of the bottom glass sheet, and the thickness of the film is 200 mm. The boss glass sheet is not plated.

[0119] The uncoated surface of the bottom glass sheet is bonded to any surface of the boss glass sheet, and then laser fixed irradiation welding is performed. The laser is emitted by a diode laser and then expanded by a laser beam expander for large-area irradiation. The irradiation area completely covers the bonding surface of the glass substrates to be welded.

[0120] The infrared laser after beam expansion has a wavelength of 980nm and a power density of 40W / cm 2 , the laser irradiation time is 25min.

[0121] After the treatment is completed, a polishing machine (the polishing medium is cerium oxide and the polishing pad material is polyester material) is used to remove the film layer to obtain a glass piece.

[0122] Then, the glass piece is CNC-carved with a camera hole, and then immersed in 420°C potassium nitrate molten salt for tempering for 350 minutes, cleaned, and dried to obtain an optical lens assembly. The preparation process of this embodiment is shown in the attached Figure 2 shown.

[0123] Example 3

[0124] Take two glass substrates to be fused: the bottom glass sheet and the boss glass sheet, both of which are Corning GG8 (2mm), and CNC machine them into the predetermined shape.

[0125] Lay any surface of the bottom glass sheet on any surface of the boss glass sheet, and set a graphite receiving plate on the unlaminated side of the bottom glass sheet. The receiving plate has a thickness of 10 mm. No receiving plate is set on the boss glass sheet.

[0126] Then, laser fixed irradiation welding is performed. The laser is emitted by a diode laser and then expanded by a laser beam expander for large-area irradiation. The irradiation area completely covers the bonding surfaces of the glass substrates to be welded.

[0127] The infrared laser after beam expansion has a wavelength of 980nm and a power density of 40W / cm 2 The laser irradiation time is 25 minutes to obtain a fused glass substrate.

[0128] After the treatment is completed, the receiving plate is removed to obtain the glass piece. After the camera hole is CNC-carved on the glass piece after the receiving plate is removed, it is immersed in 420°C potassium nitrate molten salt for tempering for 350 minutes, cleaned and dried to obtain the optical lens assembly. The preparation process of this embodiment is shown in the attached Figure 4 shown.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 30W / cm 2, the laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0131] Example 5

[0132] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 50W / cm 2 , the laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0133] Example 6

[0134] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 60W / cm 2 The laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0135] Example 7

[0136] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 70W / cm 2 The laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0137] Example 8

[0138] The difference from Example 2 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 100W / cm 2 , the laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2.

[0139] Example 9

[0140] The difference from Example 2 is that the bottom glass sheet is not coated, and the non-welded surface of the boss glass sheet is coated with a ferric oxide film with a thickness of 400nm. The power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion in this embodiment is 70W / cm 2 The laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 2. The preparation process of this embodiment is shown in the attached Figure 3 shown.

[0141] Example 10

[0142] The difference from Example 3 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 70W / cm 2 , the laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are consistent with Example 3.

[0143] Example 11

[0144] The difference from Example 1 is that the material of the coating layer is different. In this embodiment, the material of the coating layer is zinc oxide, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0145] Example 12

[0146] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the infrared laser after beam expansion are different. In this embodiment, the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 110W / cm 2 The laser irradiation time is 30 min, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0147] Comparative Example 1

[0148] The difference from Example 1 is that the laser in this comparative example is not expanded, and the unexpanded laser is irradiated, scanning and irradiating the bonding surface to be welded at a rate of 1 cm / s for 1 minute. The remaining steps are consistent with Example 1.

[0149] Comparative Example 2

[0150] The difference from Example 1 is that the glass substrate of this comparative example does not contain laser absorbing material, and the non-welded surface of the glass substrate is not coated or provided with a receiving plate. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 1. The preparation process of this comparative example is shown in the attached Figure 6 shown.

[0151] Test Example 1: Performance Test of Glass Fusion

[0152] The performance of the glass pieces fused in Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was tested, and the test indicators and methods were as follows:

[0153] (1) Welding effect: Observe whether welding is achieved.

[0154] (2) Surface stress of tempered glass: tested using stress tester in the electronic glass cover industry.

[0155] (3) Post-processing effect: Observe whether deformation, interface separation, cracking, etc. occur during the post-processing process of glass parts such as CNC camera holes and tempering.

[0156] According to the above test method, the results are shown in Table 1.

[0157] Table 1: Glass welding effect and performance test results

[0158]

[0159] Note: “-” means that the value cannot be determined.

[0160] The results in Table 1 show that the glass welding method provided by the present application can complete the welding of glass substrates, and the welding is tight and free of bubbles. At the same time, the glass pieces after welding have a good welding interface, ensuring the stability of the glass pieces during the post-processing process, and no deformation, interface separation, cracking, etc. will occur. It can be seen that the glass welding method of the present application solves the limitations of traditional glass welding. The glass welding efficiency of Examples 1 to 11 is high and the welding effect is good, while the glass pieces obtained by welding at an excessively high laser power density in Example 12 are poor in stability and difficult to post-process. Although the traditional laser scanning method of Comparative Example 1 can complete the welding, the glass pieces obtained by welding are poor in stability and are fragile during the post-processing process. The glass substrate of Comparative Example 2 does not contain laser absorbing substances in its composition, and the non-welding surfaces of the glass base are not coated or provided with a receiving plate, so the glass welding cannot be completed.

[0161] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0162] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for fusing glass, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: providing a glass substrate; Laminating the surfaces to be welded of at least two glass substrates, and irradiating the areas to be welded of the glass substrates with an infrared laser after beam expansion to weld the glass; Among them, at least one of the glass substrates meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) the composition of the glass substrate contains infrared laser absorbing material, (2) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a film layer with infrared laser absorbing function, (3) the non-fusion surface of the glass substrate is provided with a receiving plate with infrared laser absorbing function; and the film layer and / or the receiving plate are removed after the glass is fused.

2. The glass welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 700nm-5000nm; and / or the power density of the infrared laser after beam expansion is 1W / cm 2 -100W / cm 2 .

3. The glass welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glass fusing method further satisfies at least one of the following characteristics (1) to (9): (1) The infrared laser absorbing material contains one or more elements selected from the group consisting of iron, praseodymium, erbium, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt; (2) The infrared laser absorptivity of the film layer is greater than 1%; (3) The film layer includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, nickel, cobalt, tin, molybdenum, and their oxides; Optionally, the film layer includes one or more substances selected from the group consisting of ferric oxide, ferroferric oxide, molybdenum sulfide, elemental iron, iron-cobalt alloy, and zinc oxide; (4) The film layer and the receiving plate can be independently heated to any temperature within the temperature range of |T1-100°C| to T2, where T1 is the strain point temperature of the glass substrate and T2 is the softening point temperature of the glass substrate; (5) The deformation of the receiving plate is less than 1%; (6) The material of the receiving plate includes one or more of tungsten steel, stainless steel, graphite and silicon carbide ceramics; (7) The thickness of the film layer is 50nm-600nm; (8) The thickness of the receiving plate is 1mm-20mm; (9) The film layer is removed by one or more of physical removal and chemical removal; Optionally, the physical removal comprises polishing; Optionally, the chemical removal includes one or more of acid cleaning and alkaline cleaning; Further optionally, the polishing medium comprises cerium oxide; Further optionally, the polishing pad material comprises polyester.

4. The glass welding method according to claim 1, wherein: The glass substrate also satisfies the following characteristics (1) and / or (2): (1) The glass substrate comprises one or more of aluminosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass and glass-ceramics; (2) The thickness of the glass substrate is 0.01 mm to 10 mm.

5. The glass welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared laser beam after beam expansion covers the entire area to be welded of the glass substrate and performs fixed irradiation; and / or the infrared laser beam after beam expansion covers part of the area to be welded of the glass substrate and performs moving irradiation.

6. Glass piece, characterized in that The glass piece is prepared by the glass fusing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Glass assembly, characterized in that The glass assembly is obtained by fusing the glass piece according to claim 6 with other glasses, and the other glasses include the glass piece according to claim 6 and / or a glass substrate.

8. An optical lens assembly, characterized in that: The optical lens assembly comprises the glass member according to claim 6 and / or the glass assembly according to claim 7; Optionally, the optical lens assembly includes a mobile phone camera.

9. The method for preparing the optical lens assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The following steps are involved: independently processing the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate into predetermined shapes; The glass member is prepared by fusing the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate of the predetermined shape using the glass fusing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A through hole is opened on the glass piece, the through hole passes through the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and the glass piece is tempered to prepare an optical lens assembly.

10. The method for preparing an optical lens assembly according to claim 9, wherein: The preparation method further satisfies at least one of the following (1) to (3): (1) The tempering liquid used in the tempering process includes one or more of a potassium salt solution and a sodium salt solution; (2) The tempering temperature is 300℃-550℃; (3) The tempering time is 350min-400min.

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