Combined throttling fracturing wellhead

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, and discloses a combined throttling fracturing wellhead which comprises a fracturing wellhead body and further comprises a throttling shell, the throttling shell is installed on the fracturing wellhead body, a pressure control valve is connected to the throttling shell, and a head pipe is connected to the pressure control valve; the throttling assembly is used for stabilizing the flow velocity of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead; and the shearing assembly is used for dispersing the agglomerated proppant in the throttling shell. Through the arrangement of the throttling assembly, the first core block, the second core block and the third core block form a plurality of flow channels, the flow channels can distribute fracturing fluid and reduce vortexes and backflow areas, and meanwhile the first core block can adaptively rotate along with the pressure in the throttling shell to adjust the sectional area of the flow channels and balance the flow so as to stabilize the flow speed; the flow rate and pressure of fracturing fluid are more stable, and caking and accumulation of the propping agent at the throttling position are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction, in particular to a combined throttling and fracturing wellhead. Background Art

[0002] The fracturing wellhead is a key ground equipment for realizing fracturing operations during oil and gas field exploitation. Its main purpose is to connect the downhole casing with the ground fracturing pipeline, provide a channel for fracturing fluid injection, and be able to withstand the high pressure during fracturing operations. At the same time, it has functions such as controlling wellhead pressure and hanging downhole tubing. It is an important device to ensure the safety and efficiency of fracturing construction. Its main structure usually includes core components such as casing head, tubing head, and Christmas tree. The casing head is used to fix the casing and seal the annular space of each layer of casing. The tubing head connects the oil pipe and the casing head to form a seal. The Christmas tree is composed of gate valves, four-way valves, etc., which are used to control the flow direction of the fluid and adjust the pressure. In terms of working principle, during fracturing operations, the fracturing fluid is injected through the inlet channel of the Christmas tree, and enters the target reservoir downhole through the tubing head and casing head. The various components of the wellhead prevent leakage of high-pressure fluid through the sealing structure. At the same time, components such as gate valves can be used to switch processes or shut down the well in an emergency according to construction needs to ensure that the fracturing process is carried out stably according to the design parameters.

[0003] However, the existing technology has the following problems: In actual applications of existing fracturing wellheads, the flow rate and pressure of the fracturing fluid entering the wellhead often fluctuate due to the influence of the front-end conveying device, which will lead to unstable pressure of the fracturing fluid entering the formation, which may affect the expansion effect of the cracks and cause uneven crack expansion. In addition, the throttling opening of the conventional throttle valve adopts an annular design, which makes the flow path of the fracturing fluid more concentrated and easily forms a high-speed jet in a single direction. In this case, a large local flow velocity gradient will be generated, accompanied by strong vortex and backflow phenomena, causing the proppant particles to collide and be retained due to inertia when flowing through the throttling opening, increasing the probability of agglomeration formation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined throttling fracturing wellhead in order to solve the above problems, in order to overcome the defects of existing fracturing wellheads, such as the fracturing fluid pressure is prone to fluctuations, resulting in uneven expansion of formation cracks, and the conventional throttling valve is prone to cause proppant particles to agglomerate, as described in detail below.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The combined throttling fracturing wellhead provided by the present invention includes a fracturing wellhead and also includes: a throttling shell, the throttling shell is installed on the fracturing wellhead, the throttling shell is connected to a pressure control valve, and the pressure control valve is connected to a head pipe; a throttling assembly for stabilizing the flow rate of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead; a shear assembly for dispersing the proppant agglomerated in the throttling shell; the throttling assembly includes a first core block, a second core block and a third core block, the first core block, the second core block and the third core block are all installed in the throttling shell, the bottom of the second core block is connected to the top of the third core block, the bottom of the first core block is rotatably connected to the top of the second core block, the first core block is rotatably connected to the throttling shell, and the first core block, the second core block and the third core block are provided with a plurality of flow channels for the flow of fracturing fluid, the first core block can rotate according to the pressure in the throttling shell, and the first core block can adjust the cross-sectional size of the flow channel by rotation.

[0006] Preferably, the first core block is provided with a plurality of first flow holes, the second core block is provided with a plurality of second flow holes, and the third core block is provided with a plurality of third flow holes. The plurality of first flow holes are respectively connected with the plurality of second flow holes, and the plurality of second flow holes are respectively connected with the plurality of third flow holes. The flow channel consists of the first flow holes, the second flow holes and the third flow holes.

[0007] Preferably, two sleeves are installed through the throttling housing, a piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, a spring is connected inside the sleeve, the end of the spring away from the sleeve is connected to the piston, the end of the piston away from the spring is connected to a sliding shaft, two slot blocks are horizontally slidably installed in the throttling housing, the two sliding shafts are respectively slidably connected to the two slot blocks, two connecting rods are hinged on the first core block, the ends of the two connecting rods away from the first core block are respectively hinged to the two slot blocks, the two sleeves are mirror-imaged, and the two connecting rods are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0008] Preferably, a displacement sensor is installed in the sleeve, one end of the displacement sensor principle sleeve is connected to the piston, a controller is provided on the pressure control valve, two wires are connected to the controller, and the two wires are respectively connected to the two displacement sensors.

[0009] Preferably, two pressure relief ports are installed on the throttling housing, and the pressure relief ports are used to connect to pressure relief pipes.

[0010] Preferably, the shearing assembly includes a rotating shaft and two slides, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the first core block, a water wheel is installed on the top of the rotating shaft, an annular bevel groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the two slides are vertically slidably connected in the throttling housing, a ball head rod and a plurality of steel sheets are connected to the slide, a ball head is provided at one end of the ball head rod away from the slide, the ball heads of the two ball head rods are both slidably connected to the annular bevel groove, the two slides are mirror-imaged, and the plurality of steel sheets on the two slides are staggered.

[0011] Preferably, a spiral portion is provided in the first flow hole, and the spiral portion includes an inner shaft, a spiral piece and a gear. The inner shaft is rotatably installed in the first flow hole, the spiral piece is connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft, and the gear is connected to the top of the inner shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is connected to a gear ring, and the plurality of gears are all engaged with the gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, a vibrating part is provided in the second flow hole, and the vibrating part includes an elastic shaft, a touch rod and a shift rod. The elastic shaft is connected in the second flow hole, the touch rod is connected to the top of the elastic shaft, and the shift rod is connected to the bottom of the inner shaft. When the shift rod moves, it contacts the touch rod, and a plurality of vibration rods are connected to the elastic shaft.

[0014] The beneficial effects are: 1. The combined throttling fracturing wellhead, through the setting of the throttling assembly, enables the first core block, the second core block and the third core block to form multiple flow channels. The multiple flow channels can divert the fracturing fluid and reduce the vortex and backflow area. At the same time, the first core block can adaptively rotate with the pressure in the throttling shell to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, balance the flow to stabilize the flow rate, make the fracturing fluid flow rate and pressure more stable, and reduce the agglomeration and accumulation of proppant at the throttling point, achieving the technical effects of optimizing the flow state of the fracturing fluid, stabilizing the pressure of the fracturing fluid entering the formation, and improving the safety of the fracturing operation.

[0015] 2. The combined throttling fracturing wellhead is equipped with a shear component. The fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing drives the water wheel to rotate, which drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The annular inclined groove of the rotating shaft causes the slides on both sides to move up and down alternately. The steel sheets on the slides form a shear force, which effectively cuts off the agglomerated proppant in the fracturing fluid, avoids the agglomerated proppant from clogging the flow channel, and ensures that the fracturing fluid can pass through the flow channel smoothly, achieving the technical effect of dispersing proppant agglomerates, maintaining the flow channel unobstructed, and ensuring the stable flow rate of the fracturing fluid.

[0016] 3. The combined throttling fracturing wellhead, through the cooperation of the spiral part and the vibrating part, makes the spiral piece in the first flow hole rotate under the drive of the rotating shaft, pushing the fracturing fluid in the first flow hole to flow at a uniform speed; the contact between the lever and the feeler rod of the vibrating part causes vibration, making the proppant in the second flow hole more evenly distributed, making the flow rate of the fracturing fluid in different flow channels similar, the proppant is more evenly distributed in the fracturing fluid, and reducing the agglomeration phenomenon, achieving the technical effects of improving the uniformity of proppant distribution in the fracturing fluid, ensuring the consistency of flow rate in each flow channel, and optimizing the fracturing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the throttle housing of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the throttling assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first flow hole structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the conductor structure of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shear assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the annular chute structure of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the steel sheet structure of the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the spiral structure of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibrating part of the present invention.

[0019] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals: 1. Head pipe; 2. Pressure control valve; 21. Wire; 3. Throttle housing; 4. Throttle assembly; 41. First core block; 411. First flow hole; 42. Second core block; 421. Second flow hole; 43. Third core block; 431. Third flow hole; 44. Sleeve; 45. Piston; 46. Spring; 47. Sliding shaft; 48. Slot block; 49. Connecting rod; 410. Displacement sensor; 5. Shear assembly; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Water wheel; 53. Annular chute; 54. Slide; 55. Ball rod; 56. Steel sheet; 6. Helical portion; 61. Inner shaft; 62. Helical plate; 63. Gear; 64. Gear ring; 7. Vibrating part; 71. Elastic shaft; 72. Touch rod; 73. Vibrating rod; 74. Push rod; 8. Pressure relief port; 9. Fracturing wellhead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 When conveying fracturing fluid at an existing fracturing wellhead, pressure fluctuations are prone to occur in the front-end conveying device, causing the flow rate and pressure of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead to fluctuate. The unstable pressure of the fracturing fluid entering the formation may cause uneven crack expansion. In addition, the throttling opening of a conventional throttle valve is arranged in an annular shape, which makes the fracturing fluid pass through a concentrated path and easily forms a high-speed jet in a single direction, resulting in a large local flow velocity gradient, accompanied by strong vortexes and backflow areas, causing the proppant particles to agglomerate due to inertial collision and retention at the throttling opening. This embodiment is specially invented to solve the above problems.

[0022] See also Figure 1 - Figure 2 The combined throttling fracturing wellhead includes a fracturing wellhead 9 and a throttling housing 3. The throttling housing 3 is installed on the fracturing wellhead 9. The throttling housing 3 is connected to a pressure control valve 2. The pressure control valve 2 is connected to a head pipe 1. The head pipe 1 is used to connect to the front-end conveying device. The pressure control valve 2 is used to control the flow of fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing 3.

[0023] For further information, see Figure 3 - Figure 5, a throttling assembly 4 is used to stabilize the flow rate of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead 9; the throttling assembly 4 includes a first core block 41, a second core block 42 and a third core block 43, the first core block 41, the second core block 42 and the third core block 43 are all installed in the throttling housing 3, the bottom of the second core block 42 is connected to the top of the third core block 43, the bottom of the first core block 41 is rotatably connected to the top of the second core block 42, the first core block 41 is rotatably connected to the throttling housing 3, the first core block 41, the second core block 42 and the third core block 43 are provided with a plurality of flow channels for the flow of fracturing fluid, the first core block 41, the second core block 42 and the third core block 43 A core block 41 can rotate according to the pressure in the throttle housing 3. The first core block 41 can adjust the cross-sectional size of the flow channel by rotating. The first core block 41 is provided with a plurality of first flow holes 411, the second core block 42 is provided with a plurality of second flow holes 421, and the third core block 43 is provided with a plurality of third flow holes 431. The plurality of first flow holes 411 are respectively connected to the plurality of second flow holes 421, and the plurality of second flow holes 421 are respectively connected to the plurality of third flow holes 431. The flow channel is composed of the first flow holes 411, the second flow holes 421 and the third flow holes 431 (such as Figure 5 As shown), the fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing 3 enters the fracturing wellhead 9 through multiple flow channels formed by multiple first flow holes 411, multiple second flow holes 421 and multiple third flow holes 431. By setting up multiple flow channels, the high-speed flowing fracturing fluid can be first buffered by the first core block 41 and then diverted by multiple flow channels. The fracturing fluids between different flow channels do not interfere with each other, so that the fracturing fluid can be gathered at a relatively uniform flow rate and then flow into the fracturing wellhead 9, reducing the range of the vortex and recirculation zone, avoiding the occurrence of local jets and uneven flow velocity in the flow channel cross section, and thus reducing the risk of local proppant accumulation and agglomeration caused by uneven flow velocity.

[0024] Also, see Figure 3 - Figure 7Two sleeves 44 are installed on the throttle housing 3, and a piston 45 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 44. A spring 46 is connected inside the sleeve 44. The end of the spring 46 away from the sleeve 44 is connected to the piston 45. The end of the piston 45 away from the spring 46 is connected to a sliding shaft 47. Two slot blocks 48 are installed horizontally in the throttle housing 3. The two sliding shafts 47 are respectively slidably connected to the two slot blocks 48. Two connecting rods 49 are hinged on the first core block 41. The ends of the two connecting rods 49 away from the first core block 41 are respectively connected to the two slot blocks 4 8 hinged, the two sleeves 44 are mirror-imaged, and the two connecting rods 49 are centrally symmetrically arranged. When the pressure in the throttle housing 3 increases, the two pistons 45 are squeezed by the fracturing fluid and contract into the two sleeves 44. When the pistons 45 contract, they drive the sliding shaft 47 to move away from the first core block 41. When the pressure in the throttle housing 3 decreases, the piston 45 drives the sliding shaft 47 to reset. When the sliding shaft 47 moves, it drives the groove block 48 to move synchronously. When the two groove blocks 48 move away from the first core block 41 at the same time, they can utilize the two The connecting rod 49 drives the first core block 41 to rotate clockwise. When the two slot blocks 48 approach the first core block 41 at the same time, the two connecting rods 49 can be used to drive the first core block 41 to rotate counterclockwise. After the first core block 41 rotates clockwise, the multiple first flow holes 411 and the multiple second flow holes 421 are misaligned, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the multiple flow channels. Therefore, as the pressure in the throttle housing 3 increases, the cross-sectional area of ​​the multiple flow channels on the first core block 41, the second core block 42 and the third core block 43 will decrease accordingly. Conversely, the pressure in the throttle housing 3 will decrease. The cross-sectional areas of multiple flow channels are reduced. When the pressure in the throttling shell 3 increases, the flow rate through the flow channel per unit time will also increase. By reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the flow rate through the flow channel per unit time can be reduced. Therefore, by reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel, the flow rate increased due to the increase in pressure can be balanced, thereby offsetting the effect of the increase in pressure upstream of the flow channel on the flow rate downstream of the flow channel, thereby achieving the technical effect that the throttling component 4 can adaptively stabilize the flow rate of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead 9 according to the pressure change in the throttling shell 3.

[0025] In addition, see Figure 7 - Figure 8A displacement sensor 410 is installed in the sleeve 44. One end of the sleeve 44 of the displacement sensor 410 is connected to the piston 45. A controller is provided on the pressure control valve 2. Two wires 21 are connected to the controller. The two wires 21 are respectively connected to the two displacement sensors 410. The displacement sensor 410 can measure the contraction amount of the piston 45. The displacement sensor 410 converts the contraction amount into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller of the pressure control valve 2 through the wire 21. A threshold and a relay are set in the controller. When the signal exceeds the threshold, the pressure control valve 2 is triggered to reduce the flow cross-section. When the signal is less than the threshold, the pressure control valve 2 is triggered to expand the flow cross-section. When the pressure in the throttling housing 3 is large, the pressure control valve 2 can reduce the flow cross-section to immediately reduce the amount of fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing 3, thereby avoiding a sudden increase in the pressure in the throttling housing 3 in a short time and increasing the risk of cracking.

[0026] It is worth noting that see Figure 8 Two pressure relief ports 8 are installed on the throttling housing 3. The pressure relief ports 8 are used to connect to a pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief pipe is equipped with a pressure relief valve. By connecting the pressure relief pipe and the pressure relief valve, pressure relief can be performed when the pressure in the throttling housing 3 is high, thereby further improving the safety during the fracturing operation.

[0027] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, the proppant in the fracturing fluid is mainly composed of granular materials with high strength, high hardness and chemical stability. During the mixing process, a small amount of proppant agglomerates may exist and not be dispersed. At the same time, the proppant may collide with each other and agglomerate when flowing in the pipeline. The agglomerated proppant flows into the throttling housing 3, which may cause blockage of the flow channel and affect the stability of the fracturing fluid flow rate. This embodiment is specially invented to solve the above problems.

[0028] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 9 - Figure 11 , a shearing assembly 5 is used to disperse the agglomerated proppant in the throttling housing 3; the shearing assembly 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 and two slides 54, the rotating shaft 51 is rotatably mounted on the first core block 41, a water wheel 52 is mounted on the top of the rotating shaft 51, an annular chute 53 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 51, and the two slides 54 are vertically slidably connected in the throttling housing 3, a ball head rod 55 and a plurality of steel sheets 56 are connected to the slide 54, a ball head is provided at one end of the ball head rod 55 away from the slide 54, and the ball heads of the two ball head rods 55 are both slidably connected to the annular chute 53, the two slides 54 are mirror-imaged, and the plurality of steel sheets 56 on the two slides 54 are staggered (such as Figure 11The water wheel 52 is located at the entrance of the throttling housing 3, and the fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing 3 drives the rotating shaft 51 to rotate through the water wheel 52. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates, the annular chute 53 rotates accordingly. The annular chute 53 is an annular groove arranged obliquely. When the annular chute 53 rotates, it can continuously move up and down through the ball head rod 55, so that when the annular chute 53 rotates, the two ball head rods 55 can be used to drive the two slides 54 to move up and down. The movement directions of the two slides 54 are opposite, so that the multiple steel plates 56 on the two slides 54 can be staggered to move up and down. The fracturing fluid entering the throttling housing 3 first contacts the multiple steel plates 56. The steel plates 56 can form a shear force when they move up and down, so that when the agglomerated proppant contacts the multiple steel plates 56, the multiple steel plates 56 cut the agglomerated proppant by staggered reciprocating movement, thereby achieving the technical effect of dispersing the agglomerated proppant. The dispersed proppant falls into the flow channel to avoid blockage of the flow channel.

[0029] Example 3 On the basis of Example 2, when the fracturing fluid is actually being transported, the proppant in the fracturing fluid is also unevenly distributed, so that within the same time period, the proppant concentration entering different first flow holes 411 may be uneven, and the fracturing fluid with a higher proppant concentration may have a slower flow rate when passing through the flow channel, thereby causing uneven flow rates of the fracturing fluid between different flow channels, thereby affecting the stability of the fracturing fluid flow rate. This embodiment is specially invented to solve the above problem.

[0030] See also Figure 9 、 Figure 12 The first flow hole 411 is provided with a spiral portion 6, which includes an inner shaft 61, a spiral piece 62 and a gear 63. The inner shaft 61 is rotatably installed in the first flow hole 411, the spiral piece 62 is connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft 61, the gear 63 is connected to the top of the inner shaft 61, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 51 is connected to a gear ring 64. Multiple gears 63 are meshed with the gear ring 64. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates, it drives the gear ring 64 to rotate. When the gear ring 64 rotates, it drives the inner shaft 61 to rotate through multiple gears 63. When the inner shaft 61 rotates, it drives the spiral piece 62 to rotate. When the spiral piece 62 rotates, it can push the fracturing fluid in the first flow hole 411 downward, so that the fracturing fluid flows at a uniform speed with the rotation of the spiral piece 62, thereby achieving the technical effect that the fracturing fluid in multiple first flow holes 411 can maintain a uniform flow speed by utilizing the rotation of the spiral piece 62, so that the flow rate of the fracturing fluid in different flow channels is similar, thereby ensuring the stability of the fracturing fluid flow rate.

[0031] It is worth noting that, please refer to Figure 12 - Figure 13The second flow hole 421 is provided with a vibrating portion 7, which includes an elastic shaft 71, a touch rod 72 and a shift rod 74. The elastic shaft 71 is connected to the second flow hole 421, the touch rod 72 is connected to the top of the elastic shaft 71, and the shift rod 74 is connected to the bottom of the inner shaft 61. When the shift rod 74 moves, it contacts the touch rod 72. A plurality of vibration rods 73 are connected to the elastic shaft 71. When the plurality of inner shafts 61 rotate, the plurality of shift rods 74 are driven to rotate. The elastic shaft 71, the touch rod 72 and the vibration rod 73 are all made of elastic material. When the shift rod 74 rotates, it continuously contacts the touch rod 72 and causes the touch rod 72 to vibrate. The touch rod 72 transmits the vibration to the elastic shaft 71, so that the elastic shaft 7 1 and the multiple vibration rods 73 above it remain in a vibrating state. When the first core block 41 rotates, the shift rod 74 can still contact the feeler rod 72 when rotating. After the fracturing fluid flows into the second flow hole 421 through the first flow hole 411, the fracturing fluid contacts the vibrating elastic shaft 71 and the multiple vibration rods 73. The elastic shaft 71 and the multiple vibration rods 73 can vibrate the fracturing fluid and the proppant therein through vibration, making the proppant more evenly distributed in the fracturing fluid and reducing agglomeration. The vibrated fracturing fluid passes through the third flow hole 431 and is collected in the fracturing wellhead 9, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the uniformity of proppant distribution in the fracturing fluid.

[0032] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A combined throttling fracturing wellhead, comprising a fracturing wellhead (9), characterized in that: Also includes: A throttle housing (3), the throttle housing (3) being installed on a fracturing wellhead (9), the throttle housing (3) being connected to a pressure control valve (2), and the pressure control valve (2) being connected to a head pipe (1); A throttling assembly (4) for stabilizing the flow rate of the fracturing fluid entering the fracturing wellhead (9); a shearing assembly (5) for dispersing agglomerated proppant in the throttling housing (3); The throttling assembly (4) includes a first core block (41), a second core block (42) and a third core block (43), wherein the first core block (41), the second core block (42) and the third core block (43) are all installed in the throttling housing (3), the bottom of the second core block (42) is connected to the top of the third core block (43), the bottom of the first core block (41) is rotatably connected to the top of the second core block (42), the first core block (41) is rotatably connected to the throttling housing (3), the first core block (41), the second core block (42) and the third core block (43) are provided with a plurality of flow channels for the flow of fracturing fluid, the first core block (41) can be rotated according to the pressure in the throttling housing (3), and the first core block (41) can adjust the cross-sectional size of the flow channel by rotating.

2. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first core block (41) is provided with a plurality of first flow holes (411), the second core block (42) is provided with a plurality of second flow holes (421), and the third core block (43) is provided with a plurality of third flow holes (431). The plurality of first flow holes (411) are respectively communicated with the plurality of second flow holes (421), and the plurality of second flow holes (421) are respectively communicated with the plurality of third flow holes (431). The flow channel is composed of the first flow holes (411), the second flow holes (421) and the third flow holes (431).

3. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sleeves (44) are installed through the throttling housing (3), and a piston (45) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (44). A spring (46) is connected inside the sleeve (44), and the end of the spring (46) away from the sleeve (44) is connected to the piston (45), and the end of the piston (45) away from the spring (46) is connected to a sliding shaft (47). Two slot blocks (48) are installed horizontally and slidably in the throttling housing (3), and the two sliding shafts (47) are respectively slidably connected to the two slot blocks (48). Two connecting rods (49) are hinged on the first core block (41), and the ends of the two connecting rods (49) away from the first core block (41) are respectively hinged to the two slot blocks (48). The two sleeves (44) are mirror-imaged, and the two connecting rods (49) are centrally symmetrical.

4. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: A displacement sensor (410) is installed in the sleeve (44), and one end of the displacement sensor (410) is connected to the piston (45) through the sleeve (44). A controller is provided on the pressure control valve (2), and two wires (21) are connected to the controller. The two wires (21) are respectively connected to the two displacement sensors (410).

5. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two pressure relief ports (8) are installed on the throttling housing (3), and the pressure relief ports (8) are used to connect to pressure relief pipes.

6. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shearing assembly (5) includes a rotating shaft (51) and two slides (54), wherein the rotating shaft (51) is rotatably mounted on the first core block (41), a water wheel (52) is mounted on the top of the rotating shaft (51), an annular bevel groove (53) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (51), and the two slides (54) are vertically slidably connected in the throttling housing (3), a ball head rod (55) and a plurality of steel sheets (56) are connected to the slide (54), a ball head is provided at one end of the ball head rod (55) away from the slide (54), and the ball heads of the two ball head rods (55) are slidably connected to the annular bevel groove (53), the two slides (54) are mirror-imaged, and the plurality of steel sheets (56) on the two slides (54) are staggered.

7. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spiral portion (6) is provided in the first flow hole (411), and the spiral portion (6) comprises an inner shaft (61), a spiral piece (62), and a gear (63). The inner shaft (61) is rotatably mounted in the first flow hole (411), the spiral piece (62) is connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft (61), and the gear (63) is connected to the top of the inner shaft (61).

8. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rotating shaft (51) is connected to a gear ring (64), and the plurality of gears (63) are all meshed with the gear ring (64).

9. The combined throttling and fracturing wellhead according to claim 8, characterized in that: A vibrating portion (7) is provided in the second flow hole (421), the vibrating portion (7) comprising an elastic shaft (71), a touch rod (72) and a shift rod (74), the elastic shaft (71) being connected in the second flow hole (421), the touch rod (72) being connected to the top of the elastic shaft (71), the shift rod (74) being connected to the bottom of the inner shaft (61), the shift rod (74) being in contact with the touch rod (72) when in motion, and a plurality of vibrating rods (73) being connected to the elastic shaft (71).

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