Separating type heat pipe system for deep well heat damage treatment
Through the separated heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control, phase change heat transfer and modular design are used to solve the problems of low ventilation and cooling efficiency and high mechanical refrigeration costs in deep well heat damage control, and achieve efficient control of underground temperature and system stability and reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511027604.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology for deep well heat damage control, ventilation and cooling efficiency is low, mechanical refrigeration costs are high, and there are problems of pipeline corrosion and scaling, making it difficult to effectively control the underground temperature within the safety threshold.
A separate heat pipe system is used to manage deep-well heat damage, including underground and surface heat exchange equipment, steam riser groups and liquid downcomer groups. Phase change heat transfer is used to achieve efficient transfer of underground heat to the ground. The system adopts a modular design to adapt to the space limitations of the mine, and temperature control is achieved through air-cooled or liquid-cooled cooling units.
Significantly reduce underground temperature, improve system efficiency and stability, reduce failure rate, simplify construction process, avoid leakage risk, accurately control temperature gradient, significantly reduce crack rate, and reduce operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120626239A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a heat pipe system for heat damage treatment, in particular to a separate heat pipe system for deep well heat damage treatment. The present invention belongs to the technical field of mine heat damage treatment. Background Art
[0002] As mining depths continue to increase, heat damage caused by high temperatures deep within mines is becoming increasingly severe, becoming a key constraint on mine safety and operational efficiency. Particularly in kilometer-deep mines, geothermal gradients keep underground working surface temperatures high year-round. This not only causes frequent heat stress among workers but also places an additional burden on equipment operation and mine ventilation systems. Therefore, deep-mine heat damage control has become a critical technical challenge that needs to be addressed urgently in deep mining.
[0003] Currently, commonly used methods for controlling heat damage include ventilation cooling and mechanical refrigeration, but both face significant problems in actual application in deep mines:
[0004] 1. Conventional ventilation and cooling are inefficient: When the mining depth exceeds 800m, the ground temperature generally exceeds 40°C. Ventilation alone cannot control the working face temperature within the safety threshold of 28°C.
[0005] 2. High cost of mechanical refrigeration: The existing compression refrigeration system requires the laying of cold water pipelines, which consume 25%-30% of the mine's total electricity consumption and are prone to pipeline corrosion and scaling. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art of deep well heat damage control, such as the inability of ventilation and cooling devices to control the working surface temperature within a safe threshold, the high cost of mechanical refrigeration, and the existence of pipeline corrosion and scaling, and thus provide a separate heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control.
[0007] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above problems is:
[0008] Deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system, which includes downhole heat exchange equipment, uphole heat exchange equipment, steam riser group and liquid downhole group, and also includes uphole heat exchange unit;
[0009] The downhole heat exchange equipment is located in a deep well, and the uphole heat exchange equipment is located on the ground. The steam riser group is respectively connected to the steam outlet end of the downhole heat exchange equipment and the steam inlet end of the uphole heat exchange equipment. The liquid downhole pipe group is respectively connected to the liquid outlet end of the uphole heat exchange equipment and the liquid inlet end of the downhole heat exchange equipment. The uphole heat exchange unit is arranged close to the uphole heat exchange equipment and performs heat energy conversion with the uphole heat exchange equipment.
[0010] Preferably, the heat of the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel is transported to the underground heat exchange equipment through the high-temperature water pipe, and the cooled low-temperature water flows back to the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel through the low-temperature water pipe.
[0011] Preferably, the steam riser group includes a plurality of first gas headers and risers, and the liquid downcomer group includes a plurality of downcomers and a second gas header.
[0012] An evaporation section is provided in the downhole heat exchange equipment, and a condensation section is provided in the uphole heat exchange equipment. The working fluid outlet end of the evaporation section is connected to the working fluid inlet end of the condensation section through multiple first gas collecting pipes and ascending pipes, and the working fluid outlet end of the condensing section is connected to the working fluid inlet end of the evaporation section through multiple downcomers and second gas collecting pipes. The evaporation section transports the vaporized working fluid to the condensation section 17, and the condensation section transports the liquefied working fluid to the evaporation section.
[0013] Preferably, the uphole heat exchange unit is an air-cooled cooling unit or a liquid-cooled cooling unit.
[0014] Preferably, the air-cooled cooling unit comprises an evaporator, a compressor, an air-cooled condenser, an expansion valve and an air-cooled pipe;
[0015] The evaporator, compressor, air-cooled condenser and expansion valve are connected in sequence through the air-cooled pipe to form a closed circulation system.
[0016] Preferably, the air-cooled cooling unit further comprises a temperature control valve, a return water pipeline and a cold water pipeline;
[0017] The evaporator and the well heat exchange equipment form a circulation pipeline through the return pipe and the cold water pipe. The temperature control valve is installed on the return pipe to monitor the temperature in real time.
[0018] Preferably, the liquid-cooled cooling unit includes a water collection tank and a spray tower;
[0019] The water collecting tank supplies water to the spray tower, and the spray tower is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange equipment. The water after heat exchange in the well heat exchange equipment is returned to the water collecting tank through the water outlet of the well heat exchange equipment.
[0020] Preferably, the liquid cooling unit further comprises a temperature control valve, a return water pipeline, a cold water pipeline, a heat exchanger, a filter, a three-way electric valve, a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a fourth pipeline, and a fifth pipeline;
[0021] The spray tower is connected to the inlet end of the three-way electric valve through the fourth pipeline, the filter, and the first pipeline in sequence. The first water outlet of the three-way electric valve is connected to the water inlet on one side of the heat exchanger through the fifth pipeline, and the water outlet on this side of the heat exchanger is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange equipment through the cold water pipeline. The second water outlet of the three-way electric valve is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange equipment through the second pipeline, and the water outlet of the well heat exchange equipment is connected to the water inlet of the water collecting tank through the return pipeline.
[0022] Preferably, the liquid-cooled cooling unit further comprises a wet-bulb temperature sensor, which is mounted on the three-way electric valve.
[0023] Preferably, the evaporation section includes a plurality of evaporation tubes, each evaporation tube includes an internal light tube, thermal insulation cotton and a pipe fixing clamp;
[0024] The inner light tube is wrapped with thermal insulation cotton, and a pipe fixing clamp is provided on the outside of the thermal insulation cotton. The inner light tube and the thermal insulation cotton are fixed to the well wall through the pipe fixing clamp, and the pipe fixing clamp is fixed to the well wall through the bolt hole and bolt on the pipe fixing clamp.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
[0026] 1. This application achieves independent transmission of gas and liquid phases through structural separation, avoiding interference between the two phases, thereby improving system efficiency and reducing failure rates. Furthermore, the modular parallel design allows for flexible deployment based on mine space constraints, ensuring that a single failure will not affect overall system operation, enhancing system stability and reliability. This further optimizes system performance and operating efficiency.
[0027] 2. The phase change heat transfer in this application realizes the efficient transfer of underground heat to the ground without the need for external mechanical power.
[0028] 3. This application uses heat pipes for efficient phase-change heat transfer, simplifying the construction process and avoiding the risk of leakage. This application also performs post-grouting reinforcement, which directly improves structural strength. This application utilizes the phase-change heat transfer characteristics of heat pipes to control the core temperature to ≤70°C, with a temperature gradient of ≤10°C / m. This provides more precise temperature control than traditional cooling water pipe systems, significantly reducing the crack rate by ≥90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a separate heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control using an air-cooled cooling unit 5 of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a separate heat pipe system for deep well heat damage management using a liquid-cooled cooling unit 10 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the evaporation tube structure;
[0032] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the evaporation tube structure;
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a separate heat pipe according to the present invention;
[0034] Figure 6 This is a side schematic diagram of the separated heat pipe of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment describes a separate heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control, which includes a downhole heat exchange device 1, an uphole heat exchange device 2, a steam riser group 3 and a liquid downhole group 4, and also includes an uphole heat exchange unit;
[0036] Downhole heat exchanger 1 is located in a deep well, while surface heat exchanger 2 is located on the surface. A steam riser assembly 3 is connected to the steam outlet of downhole heat exchanger 1 and the steam inlet of surface heat exchanger 2, respectively. A liquid downcomer assembly 4 is connected to the liquid outlet of surface heat exchanger 2 and the liquid inlet of downhole heat exchanger 1, respectively. The surface heat exchange unit is located near surface heat exchanger 2 and performs heat energy conversion with it. Through the synergistic effect of downhole heat exchanger 1 and surface heat exchanger 2, heat exchange is achieved between the high-temperature heat source underground and the low-temperature environment above ground, significantly reducing underground roadway temperatures at a low cost and mitigating the risk of heat damage in the mine.
[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The heat from the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel is transported to the underground heat exchange equipment 1 through the high-temperature water pipe 6, and the cooled low-temperature water flows back to the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel through the low-temperature water pipe 7, entering the next cycle of heat exchange process.
[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 5 The steam riser group 3 includes a plurality of first gas headers 19 and riser pipes 16, and the liquid downcomer group 4 includes a plurality of downcomers 18 and a second gas header 19-1.
[0039] The downhole heat exchanger 1 is equipped with an evaporator section 15, and the surface heat exchanger 2 is equipped with a condenser section 17. The working fluid outlet of the evaporator section 15 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the condenser section 17 via multiple first gas collecting pipes 19 and risers 16. The working fluid outlet of the condenser section 17 is connected to the working fluid inlet of the evaporator section 15 via multiple downcomers 18 and second gas collecting pipes 19-1. The evaporator section 15 transports the vaporized working fluid to the condenser section 17, and the condenser section 17 transports the liquefied working fluid into the evaporator section 15. The middle portion of the downcomer 18 is equipped with multiple S-shaped bend buffer structures. The evaporator section 15 and the condenser section 17 are connected by welding to ensure the system's sealing and structural stability. The entire system adopts a modular design and can be expanded in parallel according to actual needs. A single module can cover a working surface area of no less than 200 square meters.
[0040] Heat from the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel is transferred via high-temperature water pipes 6 to the downhole heat exchanger 1, where it exchanges heat with the evaporator section 15. The absorbed heat is removed by the evaporator 15, thus transferring the underground thermal energy. The surface heat exchanger 2 transfers the heat from the condenser section 17 to the surface system. The downhole heat exchanger 1 and the evaporator section 15 form a heat exchange unit, absorbing underground heat and vaporizing the working fluid. The condenser section 17 and the surface heat exchanger 2 are used to transfer the heat carried by the steam to the surface system, where the heat is released through heat exchange.
[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the well heat exchange unit is an air-cooled cooling unit 5 or a liquid-cooled cooling unit 10.
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the air-cooled cooling unit 5 includes an evaporator 32, a compressor 33, an air-cooled condenser 34, an expansion valve 35 and an air-cooled pipe 36;
[0043] The evaporator 32, compressor 33, air-cooled condenser 34 and expansion valve 35 are sequentially connected through an air-cooled pipe 36 to form a closed circulation system. The evaporator 32 is used for heat exchange, and the temperature control valve 30 is used to monitor the ambient temperature in real time.
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the air-cooled cooling unit 5 further includes a temperature control valve 30, a return water pipeline 31 and a cold water pipeline 37;
[0045] The evaporator 32 and the well heat exchange equipment 2 form a circulation pipeline through the return water pipeline 31 and the cold water pipeline 37. The temperature control valve 30 is installed on the return water pipeline 31 to monitor the temperature in real time.
[0046] Compressor 33 is connected to condenser 34 via air-cooling pipe 36, forming a closed heat pump circulation system. Evaporator 32 is connected to the liquid inlet of downhole heat exchanger 1 via cold water pipe 37, which is used to deliver cooling medium underground. The liquid outlet of downhole heat exchanger 1 is connected to evaporator 32 via return water pipe 31, forming a circulation loop. Return water pipe 31 is equipped with a temperature control valve 30 for monitoring and adjusting the return water temperature, thereby achieving dynamic control of the system's operating status.
[0047] The heat from the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel is transported to the underground heat exchange equipment 1 through the high-temperature water pipe 6, where it exchanges heat with the evaporation section 15. The absorbed heat is taken away by the evaporation section 15, thus realizing the transfer of underground heat energy. The above-ground heat exchange equipment 2 transports the heat from the condensation section 17 to the ground system. Heat exchange is carried out with the evaporator 32 through the return water pipe 31. The system is equipped with a temperature control valve 30 for real-time monitoring of the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is high in summer and the underground heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the temperature control valve 30 automatically opens and the auxiliary air-cooling heat dissipation device is activated in conjunction to enhance the overall heat dissipation capacity of the system and ensure heat exchange efficiency.
[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid-cooled cooling unit 10 includes a water collection tank 40 and a spray tower 41;
[0049] The water collecting tank 40 supplies water to the spray tower 41 , and the spray tower 41 is connected to the water inlet of the uphole heat exchange device 2 . The water after heat exchange in the uphole heat exchange device 2 returns to the water collecting tank 40 through the water outlet of the uphole heat exchange device 2 .
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid cooling unit 10 further includes a temperature control valve 30, a return water pipeline 31, a cold water pipeline 37, a heat exchanger 38, a filter 42, a three-way electric valve 43, a first pipeline 45, a second pipeline 46, a fourth pipeline 48, and a fifth pipeline 49;
[0051] The spray tower 41 is connected to the inlet end of the three-way electric valve 43 through the fourth pipeline 48, the filter 42, and the first pipeline 45 in sequence. The first water outlet of the three-way electric valve 43 is connected to the water inlet on one side of the heat exchanger 38 through the fifth pipeline 49, and the water outlet on this side of the heat exchanger 38 is connected to the water inlet of the uphole heat exchange equipment 2 through the cold water pipeline 37. The second water outlet of the three-way electric valve 43 is connected to the water inlet of the uphole heat exchange equipment 2 through the second pipeline 46, and the water outlet of the uphole heat exchange equipment 2 is connected to the water inlet of the water collecting tank 40 through the return pipeline 31.
[0052] The surface heat exchanger 2 transfers heat from the condensing section 17 of the heat pipe system to the surface system via a cold water line 37 or a second line 46, where it exchanges heat with the evaporator 32 via a return line 31. A temperature control valve 30 monitors the ambient temperature in real time. When the ambient temperature is high in the summer and underground heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the valve automatically opens, activating the auxiliary water-cooling device to enhance the system's overall heat dissipation capacity and ensure heat exchange efficiency.
[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the liquid-cooled cooling unit 10 further includes a wet-bulb temperature sensor 44 , which is mounted on the three-way electric valve 43 .
[0054] The cooling water output from the spray tower 41 passes through the fourth pipeline 48, the filter 42, the first pipeline 45, and the three-way electric valve 43 controlled by the wet-bulb temperature sensor 44. It then enters the uphole heat exchanger 2 through the cold water pipeline 37 or the second pipeline 46 for heat exchange. The high-temperature water after heat exchange flows through the return water pipeline 31 into the water collection tank 40 and is ultimately re-delivered to the spray tower 41, forming a closed cooling cycle. The heat exchanger 38 receives cooling water through the low-temperature water pipe 8, and the heated water is discharged through the high-temperature water pipe 9, forming an independent cooling circuit to cool the water. When the ambient wet-bulb temperature exceeds a set threshold, the three-way electric valve 43 switches to the fifth pipeline 49, and the spray water is pre-cooled by the heat exchanger 38 before being delivered to the uphole heat exchanger 2. When the temperature detected by the wet-bulb temperature sensor 44 falls below the set threshold, the three-way electric valve 43 switches to the second pipeline 46, allowing the spray water to be directly delivered to the uphole heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange. In order to achieve dynamic regulation of system temperature and real-time control of operating status, the temperature control valve 30 on the return water pipe 31 is used to monitor and adjust the return water temperature to ensure stable and efficient operation of the heat exchange system.
[0055] like Figures 3 to 6 The evaporation section 15 shown includes a plurality of evaporation tubes, each of which includes an inner light tube 11, thermal insulation cotton 12 and a tube fixing clamp 13;
[0056] The inner light pipe 11 is wrapped with thermal insulation 12, which is then secured with a pipe clamp 13. The inner light pipe 11 and thermal insulation 12 are secured to the wellbore wall via the pipe clamp 13. The pipe clamp 13 is secured to the wellbore wall via bolt holes 14 on the clamp 13 and bolts. This ensures structural stability and safety in the underground environment, preventing displacement or loosening due to vibration or thermal stress.
[0057] The separate heat pipe sequentially undergoes a heat absorption stage, a heat release stage and a reflux stage during operation.
[0058] During the heat absorption stage, the heat generated by the downhole heat exchange equipment 1 vaporizes the working medium in the evaporation section 15. The formed steam is driven by the pressure difference and transported to the first gas collecting pipe 19 through the riser 16. The first gas collecting pipe 19 collects the steam from multiple heat pipe units and transports it to the ground.
[0059] After entering the heat release stage, the steam condenses in the condensation section 17, releasing latent heat, and the released heat is taken away by a cooling medium such as air or water, thereby achieving effective heat dissipation.
[0060] During the reflux phase, the condensed liquid flows back to the second manifold 19-1 along downcomer 18 by gravity. Multiple downcomers converge at this second manifold 19-1, guiding the liquid to the evaporator 15 for the next cycle. To prevent the impact of rapid liquid reflux on the heat pipe system, the central portion of downcomer 18 is equipped with multiple S-shaped buffer structures to reduce liquid flow rate, mitigate impact forces, and ensure stable system operation.
Claims
1. A separate heat pipe system for treating deep well heat damage, comprising a downhole heat exchange device (1), an uphole heat exchange device (2), a steam riser group (3) and a liquid downcomer group (4), characterized in that: It also includes an above-the-hole heat exchange unit; The downhole heat exchange equipment (1) is located in a deep well, the uphole heat exchange equipment (2) is located on the ground, the steam riser group (3) is respectively connected to the steam outlet end of the downhole heat exchange equipment (1) and the steam inlet end of the uphole heat exchange equipment (2), the liquid downhole group (4) is respectively connected to the liquid outlet end of the uphole heat exchange equipment (2) and the liquid inlet end of the downhole heat exchange equipment (1), and the uphole heat exchange unit is arranged close to the uphole heat exchange equipment (2) and performs heat energy conversion with the uphole heat exchange equipment (2).
2. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The heat of the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel is transported to the underground heat exchange equipment (1) through the high-temperature water pipe (6), and the cooled low-temperature water flows back to the heat dissipation equipment in the tunnel through the low-temperature water pipe (7).
3. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steam riser group (3) includes a plurality of first gas collecting pipes (19) and riser pipes (16), and the liquid downcomer group (4) includes a plurality of downcomers (18) and a second gas collecting pipe (19-1); An evaporation section (15) is provided in the downhole heat exchange equipment (1), and a condensation section (17) is provided in the uphole heat exchange equipment (2). The working medium outlet end of the evaporation section (15) is communicated with the working medium inlet end of the condensation section (17) through a plurality of first gas collecting pipes (19) and an ascending pipe (16). The working medium outlet end of the condensation section (17) is communicated with the working medium inlet end of the evaporation section (15) through a plurality of downcomers (18) and a second gas collecting pipe (19-1). The evaporation section (15) transports the vaporized working medium to the condensation section (17), and the condensation section (17) transports the liquefied working medium to the evaporation section (15).
4. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The well heat exchange unit is an air-cooled cooling unit (5) or a liquid-cooled cooling unit (10).
5. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air-cooled cooling unit (5) includes an evaporator (32), a compressor (33), an air-cooled condenser (34), an expansion valve (35) and an air-cooled pipe (36); The evaporator (32), the compressor (33), the air-cooled condenser (34) and the expansion valve (35) are sequentially connected through the air-cooled pipe (36) to form a closed circulation system.
6. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air-cooled cooling unit (5) further includes a temperature control valve (30), a return water pipeline (31) and a cold water pipeline (37); The evaporator (32) and the well heat exchange equipment (2) form a circulation pipeline through the return water pipeline (31) and the cold water pipeline (37). The temperature control valve (30) is installed on the return water pipeline (31) to monitor the temperature in real time.
7. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid cooling unit (10) includes a water collecting tank (40) and a spray tower (41); The water collecting tank (40) supplies water to the spray tower (41), and the spray tower (41) is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange device (2). The water after heat exchange in the well heat exchange device (2) returns to the water collecting tank (40) through the water outlet of the well heat exchange device (2).
8. The separated heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid cooling unit (10) further includes a temperature control valve (30), a return water pipeline (31), a cold water pipeline (37), a heat exchanger (38), a filter (42), a three-way electric valve (43), a first pipeline (45), a second pipeline (46), a fourth pipeline (48), and a fifth pipeline (49); The spray tower (41) is connected to the inlet end of the three-way electric valve (43) through the fourth pipeline (48), the filter (42), and the first pipeline (45) in sequence. The first water outlet of the three-way electric valve (43) is connected to the water inlet on one side of the heat exchanger (38) through the fifth pipeline (49), and the water outlet on this side of the heat exchanger (38) is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange equipment (2) through the cold water pipeline (37). The second water outlet of the three-way electric valve (43) is connected to the water inlet of the well heat exchange equipment (2) through the second pipeline (46), and the water outlet of the well heat exchange equipment (2) is connected to the water inlet of the water collecting tank (40) through the return water pipeline (31).
9. The deep well heat damage treatment separated heat pipe system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid-cooled cooling unit (10) further includes a wet-bulb temperature sensor (44), which is mounted on the three-way electric valve (43).
10. The separated heat pipe system for deep well heat damage control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The evaporation section (15) includes a plurality of evaporation tubes, each of which includes an internal light tube (11), thermal insulation cotton (12) and a pipe fixing clamp (13); The inner light tube (11) is wrapped with heat-insulating cotton (12) on the outside, and a pipe fixing clamp (13) is provided on the outside of the heat-insulating cotton (12). The inner light tube (11) and the heat-insulating cotton (12) are fixedly mounted on the well wall through the pipe fixing clamp (13), and the pipe fixing clamp (13) is fixedly mounted on the well wall through the bolt hole (14) on the pipe fixing clamp (13) and the bolt.