Method, material and equipment for improving water storage space in coal mine goaf by filling

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mining and water resource protection, and discloses a method, material and equipment for improving water storage space in a coal mining goaf by filling. According to the geological conditions and water storage requirements of the goaf, a special equipment for improving the size and stability of the water storage space in the goaf is prepared. The equipment simulates the paste filling process by discharging water and slurry through pipelines; a servo testing machine is placed above the filling space, axial loading is performed on the upper part, lateral loading is performed on both sides, a movable vibrating table is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance environment; a liftable baffle is placed in the paste filling space to avoid affecting the test process. The real-time monitoring and intelligent control system realizes dynamic management and precise control of the water storage space in the goaf, can timely find and solve potential problems, ensures long-term safe and stable operation of the goaf, and improves the synergistic effect of coal mining and water resource protection.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mining and water resource protection, and particularly relates to a method, material and equipment for improving water storage space in a coal mining goaf through filling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of coal mining, the effective utilization of the goaf, especially the construction of water storage space, is crucial. Traditional caving methods have many shortcomings in improving the water storage space of the goaf, such as poor water storage performance caused by unreasonable selection of filling materials, difficulty in fully utilizing the goaf space due to lack of pertinence in filling structure design, and inadequate consideration of the adaptability of the goaf geological conditions and water storage demand. These problems limit the improvement of the water storage space in the goaf and the effective protection and utilization of water resources, and there is an urgent need for a new filling mining method to construct a controllable water storage space in the goaf. SUMMARY

[0003] To overcome the problems in the related art, the present application provides a method, material and equipment for improving water storage space in a coal mining goaf through filling. The present application aims to increase the water storage space in the goaf by optimizing the filling materials and mining process, while ensuring the stability and safety of the goaf.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows: a method for improving water storage space in a coal mining goaf through filling, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. According to the geological conditions and water storage requirements of the goaf, a concrete type filling material and a seepage control material for constructing a support structure in the goaf are prepared to improve the size and stability of the water storage space in the coal mining goaf;

[0006] S2. The goaf is divided into multiple sub-regions according to its shape and size, and the goaf is divided into multiple sub-regions by pipeline water outlet and slurry outlet to simulate the paste filling process; a partition filling technology is used to fill each sub-region, and the construction of the partition filling structure is completed;

[0007] S3. A servo testing machine is placed above the filling space, axial loading is performed on the upper part, lateral loading is performed on both sides, and a movable vibration table is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance environment;

[0008] S4. A lifting baffle is placed in the paste filling space to avoid affecting the test process; a three-dimensional laser scanning device is placed in the sub-regions of the goaf to construct a comprehensive monitoring network and monitor the changes in the water storage space in real time;

[0009] S5. The ground monitoring center continuously receives real-time data, processes and analyzes the monitoring data using big data analysis, so that the water storage space in the goaf is in the best operating state.

[0010] In step S1, the concrete type filling material for the construction of the goaf support structure is prepared, comprising:

[0011] The cement, stone and sand are mixed in proportion, and the concrete type filling material is prepared by stirring with a mixer;

[0012] The impermeable material for the construction of the goaf support structure is prepared, comprising: mixing bentonite with cement, and stirring with a mixer to form the impermeable material.

[0013] Further, the concrete type filling material is prepared by stirring with a mixer, comprising:

[0014] S101, raw material preparation; collect coal gangue and waste residue, and perform screening and crushing treatment to remove impurities and oversized particles, so that the particle size meets the requirements of the filling material; mix the treated coal gangue and waste residue in proportion as the base material of the filling material;

[0015] S102, adding and stirring additives; according to the determined proportion of the test, add water-absorbing resin, binder and modifier as additives to the base material; stir with a mixer, the stirring time is not less than 15 minutes, the stirring speed is 500-800 revolutions / minute, to ensure that the additives are uniformly dispersed in the base material, forming a uniform and stable mixture;

[0016] S103, molding and curing; the stirred filling material mixture is formed into a prescribed shape and size by an extrusion molding machine or a pouring mold; the molded filling body is cured in a curing site, the curing temperature is 20-25℃, the humidity is 80-90%, and the curing time is not less than 28 days.

[0017] In step S101, the raw materials are composed of coal gangue and waste residue as the base material, and water-absorbing resin, binder and modifier additives are added; wherein the mass ratio of the base material to the additives is 100:9;

[0018] In the base material, the mixing ratio of coal gangue to waste residue is 6:4; the amount of water-absorbing resin added is 4% of the mass of the base material, the amount of binder is 3% of the mass of the base material, and the amount of modifier is 2% of the mass of the base material.

[0019] In step S102, the mixer uses a double-shaft forced mixer as the stirring equipment.

[0020] In step S2, the construction of the partitioned filling structure is completed, comprising:

[0021] S201, goaf surveying and planning; before filling construction, the goaf is surveyed by using a geological radar and drilling technology to obtain three-dimensional morphology, geological structure and rock mechanics parameter information of the goaf; the goaf is partitioned by using software to determine a filling scheme and parameters of each region;

[0022] S202, in the filling process, a vibrating device or a compaction machine is used to vibrate or compact the concrete filling material to ensure that the filling is dense, a stable filling body is formed as a support structure, and the filling height and density of the filling body are monitored in real time;

[0023] S203, after the curing of the filling body reaches a certain strength, the goaf filling construction is carried out.

[0024] In step S2, the goaf is partitioned, including: for irregularly shaped goafs, three-dimensional modeling technology is used to divide the goaf into multiple regular sub-regions in combination with three-dimensional morphology, geological structure and rock mechanics parameter information of the goaf obtained by using a geological radar and drilling surveying means, and a filling scheme and construction process are designed according to the characteristics of each sub-region.

[0025] In step S3, a servo testing machine is placed above the filling space for axial loading and lateral loading; a movable vibrating table is placed below the filling space to simulate a mining disturbance ring;

[0026] In step S4, a liftable baffle is placed in the paste filling space to avoid affecting the test process; a three-dimensional laser scanning device is placed in the sub-region of the goaf to construct a full-range monitoring network and monitor the change of the water storage space in real time;

[0027] In step S5, the monitoring data are processed and analyzed by using big data analysis, including: the filling construction parameters of the filling rate and the filling pressure are adjusted in real time according to the data analysis results by using a data model and an intelligent algorithm; the water storage space operation and maintenance strategy including the drainage time and water supplement measures is adjusted in real time.

[0028] Another object of the present application is to provide a new composite filling material for implementing the method for improving the water storage space of the goaf of the coal mine by filling, and the new composite filling material is used for water storage function of the middle water storage layer of the goaf.

[0029] Another object of the present application is to provide a zoned filling device for implementing the method of improving the water storage space in the goaf of a coal mine by filling, which is an experimental device for simulating the paste filling process and constructing an underground water storage space for improving the water storage space in the goaf; the device divides the goaf into multiple sub-regions according to the shape and size of the goaf, and then fills each sub-region with filling material; the device simulates the paste filling process by discharging water and slurry through pipes; a servo testing machine is placed above the filling space for axial loading on the upper part and lateral loading on both sides; a movable vibration table is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance environment; a liftable baffle is placed in the paste filling space to avoid affecting the test process; a three-dimensional laser scanning device is placed in the sub-regions of the goaf to construct a comprehensive monitoring network and monitor the changes in the water storage space in real time.

[0030] In combination with all the above technical solutions, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] Firstly, the filling mining method of the present application effectively utilizes mine waste by developing high-performance filling materials, reduces costs, reduces environmental pollution, and improves the water storage performance and mechanical properties of the filling body, laying a foundation for improving the water storage space in the goaf. The innovative filling structure design of the present application can fully utilize the space in the goaf, and different filling is performed according to the needs of different parts, thereby maximizing the water storage space and improving the storage capacity and utilization efficiency of water resources under the premise of ensuring the stability of the goaf.

[0032] The real-time monitoring and intelligent control system realizes dynamic management and precise control of the water storage space in the goaf, can timely discover and solve potential problems, and ensures the long-term safe and stable operation of the goaf, thereby improving the synergistic effect of coal mining and water resource protection.

[0033] Secondly, the present application not only realizes environmental friendliness and cost optimization through innovative materials and processes, but also relies on intelligent management to improve operational efficiency. The long-term stable operation of the water storage space can support diversified utilization of mine area agricultural irrigation, industrial water, etc., and create additional income. The data accumulation and analysis capability of the intelligent control system provides bottom support for future smart mine construction and expands the digital service market. The technical solution of the present application proposes innovative solutions in material research and development, structure design, intelligent management, and cross-field integration, and solves the core problems of poor water storage performance, resource waste, extensive construction, and lagging operation and maintenance in traditional technologies. The systematic, functional and intelligent features not only fill the technical gap in the field of goaf water storage space construction at home and abroad, but also provide an example for mine ecological restoration and efficient utilization of water resources.

[0034] Third, the present application solves the problems of insufficient water storage capacity, poor structural stability, lagging operation and maintenance, and high environmental cost in the construction of water storage space in coal mining goaf through the integration of material innovation, structural design optimization and intelligent management technology. The technical scheme not only improves the water storage efficiency and safety, but also promotes the resource utilization of mine waste and the sustainable development of green mine. The present application systematically breaks through the traditional technology of "waste inefficient utilization", "homogeneous filling optimization", "water storage and strength contradiction" and "equal bias". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure, together with the description;

[0036] Figure 1 is a filling method flow chart of the coal mining goaf water storage space provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a filling method principle diagram of the coal mining goaf water storage space provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a new composite material pore diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 is a paste filling process equipment diagram provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] In the figure: 1, pipeline; 2, servo testing machine; 3, three-dimensional laser scanning equipment; 4, vibration table; 5, paste filling space; 6, lifting baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0042] The application has the following innovative points: the application uses a new type of composite filling material with high performance to effectively utilize mine waste, reduce costs and environmental pollution, and improve the water storage performance and mechanical properties of the filling body; a layered and zoned filling structure is innovatively designed, the mined-out area is zoned according to its shape and size, and the filling is differentiated according to the requirements of different parts, so that the water storage space is maximized, the water resource storage capacity and utilization efficiency are improved, the real-time monitoring and intelligent control system is constructed, the data are collected by various sensors and processed and analyzed by big data analysis, data models and intelligent algorithms, the dynamic management and precise control of the water storage space of the mined-out area are realized, potential problems are found and solved in time, the long-term safe and stable operation of the mined-out area is ensured, and the collaborative effect of coal mining and water resource protection is improved.

[0043] Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1 The filling method for the water storage space of the mined-out area provided by the application includes the following steps:

[0044] S1, according to the geological conditions and water storage requirements of the mined-out area, a concrete type filling material and an anti-seepage material for constructing the support structure of the mined-out area are prepared to improve the size and stability of the water storage space of the mined-out area.

[0045] For example, the concrete type filling material for constructing the support structure of the mined-out area is prepared by mixing cement, gravel and sand in a specific ratio, the cement is 42.5 grade ordinary portland cement, the sand is natural medium sand or machine-made sand, and the gravel is continuously graded gravel, so as to ensure the stability of the mined-out area.

[0046] The cement, gravel and sand are mixed in a specific ratio and stirred by a high-speed mixer to form the concrete type filling material.

[0047] For example, the concrete type filling material is stirred by a mixer, which includes the following steps:

[0048] S101, raw material preparation, collecting coal gangue and waste slag, screening and crushing treatment, removing impurities and oversized particles, the particle size is between 1.0 mm and 5.0 mm, so that the particle size meets the requirements of the filling material, and the treated coal gangue and waste slag are mixed in proportion as the matrix of the filling material.

[0049] S102, adding and stirring additives, according to the optimal ratio determined by the test, adding water-absorbing resin, adhesive and modifier as additives into the matrix material, stirring by a high-speed mixer, the stirring time is not less than 15 minutes, the stirring speed is controlled at 500-800 revolutions per minute, so as to ensure that the additives are uniformly dispersed in the matrix material and form a uniform and stable mixture.

[0050] S103, molding and curing, the mixed filling material mixture is made into a filling body with a specified shape and size by an extrusion molding machine or a pouring mold; the filling body after molding is cured at a curing site, the curing temperature is controlled at 20-25°C, the humidity is kept at 80-90%, the curing time is not less than 28 days, and the filling body is ensured to reach the design strength and performance requirements.

[0051] In the proportion selection experiment, a single factor variable experiment is designed, the additive type is fixed, the mixing ratio of coal gangue and waste residue is changed, and multiple groups of filling material samples are prepared. Under the same stirring, molding and curing conditions, the compressive strength, water absorption, porosity and other properties of the samples are tested, as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Sample Test Table

[0053] Mixing ratio (coal gangue : waste residue) Compressive strength (MPa) Water absorption rate (%) Porosity (%) 8：2 18.5 8.2 15.3 7：3 16.8 12.5 21.7 6：4 14.2 18.3 28.6 5：5 11.5 22.1 33.9 4：6 8.3 26.7 38.4

[0054] Compressive strength calculation:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, F is the maximum load, and A is the cross-sectional area of the sample;

[0057] Water absorption calculation:

[0058]

[0059] Porosity calculation:

[0060]

[0061] On the basis of single factor experiment, the levels of factors with greater influence are selected for orthogonal experiment. The ratio of coal gangue to waste residue, the amount of water-absorbing resin added, and the amount of binder added can be selected as three factors, and 3-5 levels are set for each factor. The experimental scheme is designed according to the orthogonal table, a large number of samples are prepared and tested, and the influence of each factor on the performance index of the filling material is analyzed by statistical analysis method to determine the optimal material component ratio combination.

[0062] Orthogonal experiment: as shown in Table 2, three factors are selected, and three levels are set for each factor:

[0063] Ratio of coal gangue to waste residue (A): level 1 (6:4), level 2 (7:3), level 3 (8:2)

[0064] Water-absorbing resin additive (B) (accounting for the mass of the matrix): level 1 (3%), level 2 (4%), level 3 (5%)

[0065] Binder addition amount (C) (mass fraction of the matrix): Level 1 (2%), Level 2 (3%), Level 3 (4%)

[0066] Table 2 Orthogonal test score table

[0067] No. Coal gangue : waste residue (A) Water-absorbing resin (B) Adhesive (C) Compressive strength Porosity Water absorption rate Comprehensive score 1 6：4 3％ 2％ 14.2 28.6 18.3 78.5 2 6：4 4％ 3％ 16.8 21.7 12.5 89.2 3 6：4 5％ 4％ 18.5 15.3 8.2 92.4 4 7：3 3％ 2％ 15.7 25.1 14.9 82.1 5 7：3 4％ 3％ 17.3 19.8 10.7 90.8 6 7：3 5％ 4％ 13.5 30.5 20.1 75.3 7 8：2 3％ 2％ 19.2 13.5 6.8 94.7 8 8：2 4％ 3％ 16.0 22.4 11.9 86.5 9 8：2 5％ 4％ 18.0 17.2 9.5 91.6

[0068] The optimal combination is coal gangue: waste residue = 8:2, water-absorbing resin 3%, and binder 4%.

[0069] As shown in Table 3, the new composite filling material has good plasticity after molding, and can be made into various shapes according to different molds or construction requirements. As shown in Table 3, the new composite filling material has good plasticity after molding, and can be made into various shapes according to different molds or construction requirements. Figure 3 As shown in Table 3, the new composite filling material has good plasticity after molding, and can be made into various shapes according to different molds or construction requirements. As shown in Table 3, the new composite filling material has good plasticity after molding, and can be made into various shapes according to different molds or construction requirements.

[0070] Table 3 Performance index comparison table

[0071]

[0072] The density of the material is moderate, which can better balance the self-weight and support performance compared with traditional filling materials. The density is controlled at 1700-1850kg / m 3 , which is 15-30% lighter than traditional cement-based materials (2000-2400kg / m 3 ), while maintaining a compressive strength of 12-16MPa, achieving a breakthrough in "lightweight and high strength". From the chemical composition, the minerals in coal gangue and waste residue undergo complex physical and chemical reactions under the action of additives. In the long-term storage and use process, the chemical properties of the material are stable, and it is not easy to react with the surrounding medium, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the water storage space in the goaf.

[0073] For example, the stirring speed and time should be accurately controlled during stirring. The stirring speed is set between 500-800 revolutions per minute, which can ensure that the materials are fully stirred, and can avoid the materials from splashing or excessive friction due to excessive speed, which can generate heat and affect the performance of the materials. The stirring time is not less than 15 minutes to ensure that the additives are fully integrated with the matrix material.

[0074] For example, in the preparation of concrete-type filling materials and impermeable materials for goaf, high-speed mixers are used and the stirring process parameters are the same.

[0075] S2, according to the shape and size of the goaf, the goaf is divided into multiple sub-regions, and water and slurry are discharged through pipe 1 to simulate the paste filling process; each sub-region is filled by using the partition filling technology, and the partition filling structure construction is completed;

[0076] The construction of the partitioned filling structure is completed, including:

[0077] S201, goaf survey and planning; before the filling construction, the goaf is surveyed by using the geological radar and drilling technology to obtain the three-dimensional form, geological structure and rock mechanics parameter information of the goaf; the goaf is designed by using the software to determine the filling scheme and parameters of each region;

[0078] S202, in the filling process, the concrete type filling material is vibrated or compacted by using the vibrating equipment or compaction machinery to ensure the filling density and form the stable filling body as the support structure, and the filling height and density of the filling body are monitored in real time;

[0079] Firstly, the concrete type filling material with high strength and low permeability is transported to the goaf by using the pumping or self-flowing mode. The filling height and density are monitored in real time, and when the design requirements are reached, the filling is stopped and the maintenance is carried out.

[0080] S203, after the maintenance of the filling body reaches a certain strength, the filling construction of the goaf is carried out.

[0081] The new type of composite filling material with high porosity and water absorption is transported to the specified position, the variable frequency pumping system is adopted, the pumping pressure and flow are dynamically adjusted according to the sensor feedback to control the filling rate, the laser range finder or ultrasonic liquid level sensor is arranged in the filling area to feedback the filling height data in real time to control the filling height, and the drainage channel and air vent are reserved according to the design requirements to ensure the connectivity and air permeability of the water storage space of the middle water storage layer.

[0082] S3, the servo testing machine 2 is placed above the filling space, the upper part is axially loaded, and the two sides are laterally loaded, and the movable vibrating table 4 is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance environment;

[0083] S4, the lifting baffle 6 is placed in the paste body filling space 5 to avoid affecting the test process; the three-dimensional laser scanning equipment 3 is placed in the sub-region of the goaf to construct a comprehensive monitoring network and monitor the change of the water storage space in real time;

[0084] Different filling bodies obtained in multiple sub-regions of the goaf are arranged with multiple types of sensors, including stress sensors, displacement sensors, seepage sensors, water level sensors and the like, to construct a comprehensive monitoring network, as shown in Tables 4-6; the data collected by the multiple types of sensors are connected with the wireless transmission device, the data acquisition and transmission system is debugged, to ensure that the sensors work normally and can accurately and stably transmit the collected data to the ground monitoring center through wireless transmission technology. The basic parameters of the different filling bodies obtained in multiple sub-regions of the goaf are input into the software system of the ground monitoring center, and the early warning threshold and normal working range of each type of monitoring data are set.

[0085] Table 4: Mechanical stability monitoring data

[0086]

[0087] Table 5: Water storage performance monitoring data

[0088]

[0089] Table 6: Environmental safety monitoring data

[0090]

[0091] S5, the ground monitoring center continuously receives real-time data, processes and analyzes the monitoring data by using big data analysis, so that the goaf water storage space is in the best operating state.

[0092] According to the data analysis results, the filling construction parameters including filling rate and filling pressure are adjusted in real time, and the water storage space operation and maintenance strategies including drainage timing and water supplement measures are adjusted in real time, so that the goaf water storage space is always in the best operating state. The construction of the intelligent control system is completed.

[0093] Among them, the big data analysis includes data storage, sorting and analysis.

[0094] By establishing a data model and intelligent algorithm, the stability of the goaf water storage space, the mechanical state of the filling body and the water storage performance are evaluated and predicted. The filling body deformation risk prediction model is as follows:

[0095] The strength failure criterion based on the modified Mohr-Coulomb criterion is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, F is the safety factor, if F < 0, it is determined as an unstable risk area; σ1 and σ3 are principal stresses, which are obtained by stress sensors; is the internal friction angle; c is the cohesion, which is calibrated by laboratory;

[0098] Exemplary, data processing improved simulation experiment:

[0099] Using the simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics, a porous medium seepage model is constructed using Darcy's law to analyze the influence of water level change on the stability of the filling body. Fluid mainly flows in the fracture, and the flow rate in the porous medium is slow, so the fluid flow rate in the porous medium can be considered to comply with Darcy's law, then the mass conservation equation and Darcy's law are:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, u r is the fluid flow rate tensor calculated by Darcy's law in the porous medium, k is the porous permeability, α B is the Biot-Willis coefficient, S r is the water storage coefficient of the porous medium given by the Biot theory, ∈ ωl is the average volume strain of the porous medium, ρ r is the pore fluid pressure.

[0102] Feedback regulation and operation management: when the monitoring data exceeds the early warning threshold or abnormal changes occur, the intelligent regulation system is automatically started. According to the preset adjustment of the filling construction parameters, and the adjustment of the water storage space operation strategy, the system automatically adjusts the operation parameters of the filling equipment, such as reducing or increasing the filling rate, adjusting the filling pressure, etc., to improve the stress state and water storage performance of the filling body. At the same time, the system generates operation instructions to guide workers to carry out on-site inspection and maintenance of the goaf, such as sealing the part where leakage occurs, reinforcing the filling body, etc. According to the monitoring data and analysis results, the operation strategy of the water storage space is optimized and adjusted regularly to ensure the long-term stable operation and efficient utilization of the water storage space in the goaf.

[0103] Another exemplary, Figure 2 is the principle of the coal mine goaf water storage space filling mining method provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0104] In step S2, the goaf is divided into a plurality of sub-regions according to the shape and size of the goaf. For a goaf of irregular shape, advanced three-dimensional modeling technology is used to divide the goaf into a plurality of regular sub-regions according to the information of the three-dimensional shape, geological structure and rock mechanics parameters of the goaf obtained by geological radar, drilling and other surveying means. The filling scheme and construction process are designed according to the characteristics of each sub-region. In the filling process, the filling height and density of the filling body are monitored in real time, and the filling is stopped and maintained when the design requirements are met. According to the design requirements, a certain drainage channel and air hole are reserved to ensure the connectivity and air permeability of the water storage space. In the process of conveying the filling material, special conveying pipes 1 and distributing devices are used to ensure the uniform distribution of the material. After the construction is completed, the sealing performance is detected, such as by water injection test or air pressure test, to detect the sealing effect of the sealing layer and ensure the stability of the water storage space.

[0105] The above merely illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the technical range disclosed by the present application and within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for increasing water storage space in coal mine goafs by filling, characterized in that, This method Includes the following steps: S1, based on the geological conditions and water storage requirements of the goaf, prepare concrete-like filling materials and seepage-proof materials for the construction of support structures in the goaf, so as to improve the size and stability of water storage space in the coal mine goaf; S2, combined with the shape and size of the goaf, the goaf is divided into multiple sub-areas. Water and slurry are discharged through pipe (1) to simulate the paste filling process. The partitioned filling technology is used to fill each sub-area to complete the construction of the partitioned filling structure. S3, a servo testing machine (2) is placed above the filling space, with axial loading on the top and lateral loading on both sides. A movable vibration table (4) is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance environment. S4, a lifting baffle (6) is placed in the paste filling space (5) to avoid affecting the test process; a three-dimensional laser scanning device (3) is placed in the sub-area of ​​the goaf to build a comprehensive monitoring network and monitor the changes in the water storage space in real time; S5, the ground monitoring center continuously receives real-time data, uses big data analysis to process and analyze the monitoring data, so that the water storage space in the goaf is in the best operating state. In step S1, a concrete-like filling material for constructing the support structure of the goaf is prepared, including: Cement, gravel, and sand are mixed in a certain proportion and stirred using a mixer to make concrete-like filling material; The preparation of seepage-proof material for use in the construction of support structures in goaf areas includes: mixing bentonite with cement and stirring it using a mixer to form the seepage-proof material; Concrete-like filling materials prepared by mixing using a mixer include: S101, Raw material preparation; collect coal gangue and waste slag, screen and crush them to remove impurities and oversized particles so that the particle size meets the requirements of the backfill material; mix the treated coal gangue and waste slag in proportion as the matrix of the backfill material; S102, Adding and mixing additives; according to the ratio determined by the experiment, add the water-absorbing resin, binder and modifier as additives to the matrix material; use a mixer to stir for no less than 15 minutes at a speed of 500-800 rpm to ensure that the additives are evenly dispersed in the matrix material to form a uniform and stable mixture. S103, Molding and Curing: The well-mixed filling material mixture is extruded into a filling body of a specified shape and size using an extrusion molding machine or casting mold; the molded filling body is cured in a curing site at a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 80-90% for a period of not less than 28 days. In step S101, the raw materials consist of coal gangue and waste slag as the matrix, with the addition of water-absorbing resin, binder and modifier additives; wherein the mass ratio of the matrix to the additives is 100:

9. In the matrix, the mixing ratio of coal gangue and waste slag is 6:4; the amount of water-absorbing resin added accounts for 4% of the matrix mass, the binder accounts for 3% of the matrix mass, and the modifier accounts for 2% of the matrix mass.

2. The method for increasing water storage space in coal mine goafs by filling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S102, the mixer is a twin-shaft forced mixer as the mixing equipment.

3. The method for increasing water storage space in coal mine goafs by filling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S2, the construction of the partitioned filling structure is completed, including: S201, Goaf Survey and Planning; Before filling construction, the goaf is surveyed using ground-penetrating radar and drilling technology to obtain information on the three-dimensional morphology, geological structure and rock mechanics parameters of the goaf; Software is used to design the goaf into zones and determine the filling scheme and parameters for each zone. S202, during the filling process, vibrating equipment or compaction machinery is used to vibrate or compact the concrete filling material to ensure that the filling is dense and forms a stable filling body as a supporting structure, and the filling height and density of the filling body are monitored in real time. S203, after the filling body has been cured to a certain strength, the filling construction of the goaf will be carried out.

4. The method for increasing water storage space in coal mine goafs by filling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S2, the goaf area is divided into zones, including: for irregularly shaped goaf areas, three-dimensional modeling technology is used, combined with the three-dimensional morphology, geological structure and rock mechanics parameters of the goaf area obtained by ground-penetrating radar and drilling survey methods, to divide it into multiple regular sub-regions, and filling schemes and construction processes are designed according to the characteristics of each sub-region.

5. The method for increasing water storage space in coal mine goafs by filling, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... In step S3, a servo testing machine (2) is placed above the filling space for axial and lateral loading; a movable vibration table (4) is placed below the filling space to simulate the mining disturbance ring. In step S4, a liftable baffle (6) is placed in the paste filling space (5) to avoid affecting the test process; a three-dimensional laser scanning device (3) is placed in the sub-region of the goaf area to build a comprehensive monitoring network and monitor the changes in the water storage space in real time. In step S5, big data analytics is used to process and analyze the monitoring data, including: using data models and intelligent algorithms to adjust the filling construction parameters such as filling rate and filling pressure in real time based on the data analysis results. Real-time adjustments to the operation and maintenance strategy of water storage space, including drainage timing and water replenishment measures.

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