Speed reducer capable of preventing oil from overflowing

Abstract

The bottom of an upper top cover is connected with the top of a gear ring of a first-stage planet row assembly, an oil blocking buffering cavity is formed in the upper top cover, and an arc-shaped oil blocking plate is further arranged at the position, in the oil blocking buffering cavity, of the top of the gear ring of the first-stage planet row assembly. An input shaft of the first-stage planet row assembly is sleeved on a through hole of an arc-shaped oil baffle plate; a parallel baffle plate is also sleeved on the input shaft above the through hole of the arc-shaped oil baffle plate; a gas-oil channel is arranged on one side of the upper top cover and connected with the first end of a three-way connector, the second end of the three-way connector is connected with a thick respirator, the third end of the three-way connector is connected with one end of an oil return pipe, an oil return channel is arranged on a shell on one side of a planet carrier of the first-stage planet row assembly, and the oil return channel is communicated with the oil return pipe. And the other end of the oil return pipe is connected with a port of the oil return channel. By designing the oil blocking structure, the oil injection phenomenon at a high speed is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an oil leakage-proof reducer, belonging to the technical field of engineering machinery transmission. Background Art

[0002] As environmental and energy issues become increasingly severe, major domestic and international construction machinery manufacturers are accelerating their transition to electrification and low-carbon production. New energy technologies are increasingly being used in equipment such as excavators and loaders. The drive reduction device, a core component of the transmission system, has transitioned from traditional hydraulic motor drive to electric motor drive.

[0003] The motor-driven axle is currently in a rapid development stage. The high speed of the motor has brought challenges to the speed ratio of the existing reducer. In addition, most of the existing reducers are oil-stirring lubricated. After changing to a high-speed motor, the high-speed rotation causes the centrifugal force of the gear oil at the first-stage planetary gear assembly to be too large, resulting in oil spraying and oil leakage from the breather plug. Moreover, the high-speed rotation causes the lubricating oil pressure to be too high, which will also cause the oil seal to fail, and the reliability of the product cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] Therefore, the existing reduction gears for drive axles of engineering machinery can no longer meet the requirements of high speed adaptability, efficient heat dissipation and lubrication, and low noise. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an oil-proof reducer to meet the use requirements of engineering machinery drive axles under the high-speed development of motors. By designing an oil-blocking structure, oil spraying at high speeds is avoided; at the same time, a more efficient lubricating oil heat exchange system is designed to avoid the occurrence of local overheating in the electric rotary cavity due to poor lubricating oil flow, thereby ensuring the thermal balance of the entire transmission system and ensuring sufficient lubrication of the entire transmission system.

[0006] Technical solution: To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A speed reducer that prevents oil leakage includes: an upper cover, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the ring gear of the first-stage planetary gear set assembly, an oil-blocking buffer chamber provided within the upper cover, an arc-shaped oil baffle plate provided at the top of the ring gear of the first-stage planetary gear set assembly within the oil-blocking buffer chamber, an input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear set assembly sleeved on the through hole of the arc-shaped oil baffle plate, and a parallel baffle plate sleeved on the input shaft above the through hole of the arc-shaped oil baffle plate. An air-oil passage is provided on one side of the upper cover, the air-oil passage is connected to the first end of a tee joint, the second end of the tee joint is connected to a large breather, the third end of the tee joint is connected to one end of an oil return pipe, an oil return passage is provided on one side of the planetary carrier housing of the first-stage planetary gear set assembly, and the other end of the oil return pipe is connected to the port of the oil return passage.

[0008] Optionally, a tilt plate is further provided at the inlet of the gas-oil channel.

[0009] Optionally, the output shaft of the planetary carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is connected to the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear assembly, and the output shaft of the planetary carrier of the second-stage planetary gear assembly is connected to the sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear assembly, and an output gear is provided on the output shaft of the third-stage planetary gear assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the free end of the sun gear input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is provided with a 1:10 tapered external spline.

[0011] Optionally, a sealing ring is further provided on the sun gear input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly.

[0012] Optionally, a parking brake is further provided on the output shaft of the planetary carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the brake includes: a brake end cover and a brake housing, wherein the brake end cover is sleeved on the planetary carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly, and the brake housing is sleeved on the sun gear input shaft of the second-stage planetary gear assembly. A piston is connected to the bottom of the brake end cover through a spring, an active plate is connected to the bottom of the piston, and a driven plate is provided on the brake housing.

[0014] Optionally, the output shafts of the secondary planetary gear assembly and the tertiary planetary gear assembly are respectively provided with radial holes with conductive front ends, and the output shafts are further provided with transverse holes conductive with the radial holes.

[0015] Optionally, the gap between the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly and the arc-shaped oil baffle is 3 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the gas-oil channel is connected to the first end of the three-way joint by a threaded connection.

[0017] Optionally, the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is connected to the parallel baffle by using an interference fit and is limited by a retaining spring.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides an anti-oil-leaking reducer, which can effectively improve transmission accuracy and reduce noise, and has a good lubrication structure to avoid oil leakage caused by high-speed oil stirring; at the same time, it enhances the lubrication fluidity of the entire structure, and can effectively avoid the problems of excessive local temperature and excessive lubricating oil pressure caused by high-speed centrifugal force. The present invention can effectively improve energy utilization, transmission efficiency and vehicle performance.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, its advantages are as follows:

[0020] 1) The present invention provides a connection method in which the input end connection adopts a 1:10 taper connection method of internal and external splines under high speed working conditions, so as to achieve automatic centering compensation and anti-centrifugal deformation, and realize high-precision dynamic centering of the motor.

[0021] 2) For different road conditions, especially climbing conditions, it can achieve effective recovery of lubrication resources and self-lubrication.

[0022] 3) The low-resistance lubrication flow structure helps optimize the flow efficiency of the lubrication system, speeds up the smoothness of the entire lubrication flow, and makes the temperature rise of the entire lubrication system balanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an oil leakage-proof reducer of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arc-shaped oil baffle.

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of parallel baffles.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the upper cover.

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the parking brake structure.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radial hole and transverse hole of the output shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the examples of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] This embodiment introduces a speed reducer that prevents oil leakage. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, it includes: an upper cover 1, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the ring gear 201 of the first-stage planetary gear set 2, an oil buffer chamber 101 provided within the upper cover, and an arc-shaped oil baffle 3 provided on the top of the ring gear 201 of the first-stage planetary gear set 2 within the oil buffer chamber 101. The input shaft 203 of the first-stage planetary gear set 2 is sleeved on the through hole 301 of the arc-shaped oil baffle 3, and a parallel baffle 4 is sleeved on the input shaft 203 above the through hole 301 of the arc-shaped oil baffle 3. An air-oil passage 102 is provided on one side of the upper cover 1, and the air-oil passage 102 is connected to the first end of a tee joint 5, the second end of the tee joint 5 is connected to the large breather 6, and the third end of the tee joint 5 is connected to one end of an oil return pipe 7. An oil return passage 8 is provided on the housing on one side of the planet carrier 202 of the first-stage planetary gear set 2, and the other end of the oil return pipe 7 is connected to the port of the oil return passage 8.

[0033] Furthermore, optionally, a tilt plate 9 is further provided at the inlet of the gas-oil channel 102 .

[0034] Further, optionally, the output shaft of the planet carrier 202 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 is connected to the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear assembly 10, and the output shaft of the planet carrier of the second-stage planetary gear assembly 10 is connected to the sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear assembly 11, and an output gear 12 is provided on the output shaft of the third-stage planetary gear assembly 11.

[0035] Further, optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the free end of the sun gear input shaft 203 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 is provided with a 1:10 tapered external spline 204 .

[0036] Furthermore, optionally, a sealing ring 205 is further provided on the sun gear input shaft 203 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 .

[0037] Furthermore, optionally, a parking brake 13 is also provided on the output shaft of the planet carrier 202 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 .

[0038] Further, optional, such as Figure 5As shown, the parking brake 13 comprises a brake end cap 1301 and a brake housing 1302. The brake end cap 1301 is sleeved onto the planet carrier 202 of the primary planetary gear assembly 2, and the brake housing 1302 is sleeved onto the sun gear input shaft 1001 of the secondary planetary gear assembly 10. A piston 1304 is connected to the underside of the brake end cap 1301 via a spring 1303. A driving plate 1305 is connected to the bottom of the piston. A driven plate 1306 is provided on the brake housing 1302. The braking mechanism is a spring-loaded, normally closed brake. When parking, spring pressure pushes the piston to press the driving and driven plates together, locking the output shaft of the primary planetary gear assembly and interrupting power. When driving, externally supplied pressurized oil pushes the piston in the opposite direction, compressing the spring and disengaging the driving and driven plates, releasing the brake.

[0039] Further, optional, such as Figure 6 As shown, the output shafts of the secondary planetary gear assembly 10 and the tertiary planetary gear assembly 11 are respectively provided with radial holes 14 with conductive front ends, and the output shafts are also provided with transverse holes 15 conductive with the radial holes 14 .

[0040] Further, optionally, the gap between the input shaft 203 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 and the arc-shaped oil baffle 3 is 3 mm.

[0041] Further, optionally, the gas-oil channel 102 is connected to the first end of the three-way connector 5 by a threaded connection.

[0042] Further, optionally, the input shaft 203 of the first-stage planetary gear assembly 2 is connected to the parallel baffle 4 by using an interference fit and is limited by a retaining spring.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] This embodiment introduces the working principle of a speed reducer that prevents oil leakage, which is as follows:

[0045] 1. Realize the oil buffering and lubrication resource recovery functions of the deceleration device of the high-speed motor drive axle.

[0046] During high-speed motor rotation, the high centrifugal force generated by the first-stage planetary gear assembly compresses the oil and gas below the reducer housing and forces them upward. The curved oil baffles reflect much of the upward-moving oil directly back to the first-stage planetary gear assembly for lubrication, thereby reducing the centrifugal force and oil pressure. The remaining oil and gas, which are not reflected, escape through the gap between the curved oil baffle and the input shaft but are blocked by the circular parallel baffles above. Combined with the oil-blocking buffer chamber, this prevents the high-pressure gas and oil from directly impacting the upper cover and preventing oil from leaking from the housing vent plug. The parallel baffles provide a secondary reduction in centrifugal force and oil pressure. At this point, the high-pressure gas and some of the high-pressure oil in the upper cover can enter the large breather through the air-oil passage and tee, thereby maintaining pressure equilibrium within the reducer housing with that of the outside air. Furthermore, the camber plate further reduces the direct impact of the high-pressure gas and oil on the housing and air-oil passage.

[0047] When the vehicle is in a climbing state, the entire oil in the reducer is in a tilted state. The excess oil in the upper chamber can be introduced into the parking brake chamber through the return oil pipe, realizing lubrication resource recovery, achieving self-lubrication, and effectively improving lubrication efficiency.

[0048] 2. Realize the function of high-speed motor high-precision transmission.

[0049] The free end of the sun gear input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly utilizes a 1:10 tapered external spline, which connects to the tapered internal spline at the high-speed motor connection port. The spline connection is lubricated with grease, and a seal is placed on the shaft to prevent grease leakage. This structural centering method, combined with the tapered internal and external splines, effectively achieves high-speed medium precision and improves the torque-carrying capacity of the spline drive. In particular, it can achieve high-precision dynamic centering through automatic centering compensation and resistance to centrifugal deformation. The micro-elastic deformation of the tapered contact absorbs high-frequency vibrations and effectively reduces noise compared to non-tapered external splines. The internal and external splines connected to the motor are lubricated with grease, and a seal is placed on the shaft to prevent grease leakage, achieving automatic centering compensation and resistance to centrifugal deformation, and realizing high-precision dynamic centering of the motor.

[0050] 3. Realize the function of low resistance lubrication and circulation of reducer.

[0051] When in use, the oil level of the lubricating oil in the reducer covers the entire secondary planetary gear assembly and the tertiary planetary gear assembly. The radial holes and axial holes on the output shaft are used to increase the lubrication flow of the entire transmission, avoid local overtemperature inside the drive housing and heat accumulation in the sealed space, optimize the flow efficiency of the lubrication system, speed up the smoothness of the entire lubrication circulation, and make the temperature rise of the entire lubrication system balanced.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speed reducer with oil leakage prevention, characterized by: include: An upper cover, the bottom of the upper cover is connected to the top of the gear ring of the first-stage planetary gear assembly, an oil baffle chamber is provided in the upper cover, and an arc-shaped oil baffle plate is also provided on the top of the gear ring of the first-stage planetary gear assembly in the oil baffle chamber, the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is sleeved on the through hole of the arc-shaped oil baffle plate, and a parallel baffle is also sleeved on the input shaft above the through hole of the arc-shaped oil baffle plate; an air-oil channel is provided on one side of the upper cover, the air-oil channel is connected to the first end of the three-way joint, the second end of the three-way joint is connected to the coarse breather, the third end of the three-way joint is connected to one end of the return oil pipe, an oil return channel is provided on the shell on one side of the planetary frame of the first-stage planetary gear assembly, and the other end of the return oil pipe is connected to the port of the return oil channel.

2. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outward tilting plate is also provided at the inlet of the gas-oil channel.

3. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the planet carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is connected to the sun gear of the second-stage planetary gear assembly, and the output shaft of the planet carrier of the second-stage planetary gear assembly is connected to the sun gear of the third-stage planetary gear assembly. An output gear is provided on the output shaft of the third-stage planetary gear assembly.

4. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the sun gear input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly is provided with a 1:10 tapered external spline.

5. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing ring is also provided on the sun gear input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly.

6. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A parking brake is also provided on the output shaft of the planet carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly.

7. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The brake includes: a brake end cover and a brake housing. The brake end cover is sleeved on the planetary carrier of the first-stage planetary gear assembly, and the brake housing is sleeved on the sun gear input shaft of the second-stage planetary gear assembly. A piston is connected to the bottom of the brake end cover through a spring, and a driving plate is connected to the bottom of the piston. A driven plate is provided on the brake housing.

8. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output shafts of the two-stage planetary gear assembly and the three-stage planetary gear assembly are respectively provided with radial holes with conductive front ends, and the output shafts are also provided with transverse holes conductive with the radial holes.

9. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the input shaft of the first-stage planetary gear assembly and the arc-shaped oil baffle is 3 mm.

10. The oil-proof reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-oil channel is connected to the first end of the three-way joint by using threads.

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