A test system for a phase change energy storage heat exchanger

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger, and particularly relates to a testing system of phase change energy storage heat exchanger. The testing system comprises a water storage unit, the water storage unit, a heating unit, a cooling unit and a phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit. The testing system can quickly test various cold and hot alternating circulation conditions such as same direction, reverse direction and horizontal flow of cold and hot circuits. In addition, not only the outlet temperature of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger fluid working medium can be obtained in real time and accurately, but also the heat storage capacity of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger can be accurately verified. Furthermore, the basic data for the engineering design of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger is provided, the design of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger can be evaluated, the optimization direction of the application of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger in the field of spaceflight is fully understood and mastered, the design failure of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger is reduced, and the technical development of the application of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger in high-power space load is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat exchanger technology, and particularly relates to a testing system for a phase change energy storage heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] The primary function of phase change energy storage heat exchangers in thermal control systems is to store heat through phase change materials during payload operation, ensuring stable fluid temperature at the payload inlet. Simultaneously, when the payload is not operating, the stored heat is dissipated within a specified time to meet the demands of the next payload operation. Numerous studies have shown that phase change energy storage heat exchangers are crucial components in the thermal control systems of spacecraft with high-power payloads, resolving the spatiotemporal mismatch between the supply and demand sides of the thermal control system. However, currently, the phase change energy storage heat exchangers mainly used in the aerospace field employ paraffin wax as the phase change material, resulting in a relatively low energy-to-weight ratio.

[0003] To improve the energy-to-mass ratio of phase change energy storage heat exchangers, extensive tests on heat transfer capacity and flow resistance under various operating conditions are required after the heat exchanger design and fabrication to confirm the design's rationality. However, most current testing systems are rudimentary, with simple testing procedures that cannot accurately reflect real-world applications in spacecraft thermal control systems. Furthermore, within a specified timeframe, assuming the fluid outlet temperature of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger meets requirements, the testing system needs to accurately verify the heat storage capacity of the heat exchanger. In addition, current research and development efforts on lightweight design are necessary for heat exchangers. Through material optimization, heat transfer enhancement, and structural optimization, the heat storage performance of the heat exchanger can be improved while reducing its weight. To fully understand and grasp the optimization direction for phase change energy storage heat exchangers in the aerospace field, it is necessary to obtain the influence of different factors on the heat storage performance of the heat exchanger. Therefore, it is essential to establish a testing system capable of performing alternating hot and cold cycle tests on the heat exchanger under multiple operating conditions, closely approximating real-world application conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a testing system for phase change energy storage heat exchangers, aiming to solve existing technical problems.

[0005] This invention is implemented by providing a testing system for a phase change energy storage heat exchanger, comprising:

[0006] A water storage unit, comprising a water tank, a first water tank valve, a first pump, a first three-way valve, a second water tank valve, and a valve group, wherein the water tank is connected to the first water tank valve, the second water tank valve, and the valve group, the first water tank valve is connected to the first pump, and the first pump is connected to the first valve port of the first three-way valve;

[0007] A heating unit, comprising a heater and a first valve, wherein the heater is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve and the first valve, respectively.

[0008] A cooling unit, comprising a chiller, a second valve, and a second pump, wherein the chiller is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve, the second water tank valve, and the second valve, and the second valve is connected to the second pump; and

[0009] A phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit, wherein the valve group, the first valve, and the second pump are all connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit includes a phase change energy storage heat exchanger, a second three-way valve, a first four-way valve, a third three-way valve, and a second four-way valve, the second three-way valve being connected to the first four-way valve, the first four-way valve being connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger being connected to the second four-way valve, and the second four-way valve being connected to the third three-way valve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the water storage unit further includes a first filter, which is connected to the first water tank valve and the first pump respectively; the heating unit further includes a second filter, which is connected to the second valve and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit respectively; the cooling unit further includes a third filter, which is connected to the second pump and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heating unit further includes a first flow meter, which is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve and the heater respectively; the cooling unit further includes a second flow meter, which is connected to the second pump and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, the valve group includes a third valve and a fourth valve, the third valve being connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit, and the fourth valve being connected to both the third valve and the water tank.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water storage unit further includes a heating wire, a first thermocouple, and a stirrer disposed within the water tank.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heater is a liquid heater, and the heating unit further includes a second thermocouple disposed inside the heater and a third thermocouple disposed at the heater outlet.

[0015] In some embodiments, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit further includes a frame on which the phase change energy storage heat exchanger is fixed.

[0016] In some embodiments, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit further includes a fourth thermocouple and a fifth thermocouple, the fourth thermocouple being disposed on the first four-way valve and the fifth thermocouple being disposed on the second four-way valve.

[0017] In some embodiments, both the fourth thermocouple and the fifth thermocouple are T-type armored thermocouples.

[0018] In some embodiments, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit further includes a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein the differential pressure sensor is disposed between the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, and the temperature sensor is disposed on the phase change energy storage heat exchanger.

[0019] The testing system for phase change energy storage heat exchangers provided by this invention has a clear operating principle and is convenient and quick to set up. Depending on the specific application of the heat exchanger, the testing system can quickly test various alternating hot and cold cycle conditions, such as unidirectional, reverse, and horizontal flow, by changing the inlet and outlet positions of the hot and cold loops and the flow direction of the working fluid. Furthermore, within a specified testing time, the system can not only obtain the outlet temperature of the working fluid in the phase change energy storage heat exchanger in real time and accurately, but also precisely verify the heat storage capacity of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger. In addition, the testing system also provides basic data for the engineering design of phase change energy storage heat exchangers, enabling the evaluation of the design, a full understanding and grasp of the optimization direction for the application of phase change energy storage heat exchangers in the aerospace field, reducing design errors, and promoting the technological development of phase change energy storage heat exchangers for high-power space payloads. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the testing system provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a testing system for co-current hot and cold flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a test system for hot and cold reverse flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] refer to Figures 1-3 This invention provides a testing system for a phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, comprising:

[0030] The water storage unit 100 includes a water tank 11, a first water tank valve 12, a first pump 13, a first three-way valve 14, a second water tank valve 15, and a valve group. The water tank 11 is connected to the first water tank valve 12, the second water tank valve 15, and the valve group. The first water tank valve 12 is connected to the first pump 13, and the first pump 13 is connected to the first valve port of the first three-way valve 14.

[0031] Heating unit 200, the heating unit 200 includes heater 21 and first valve 22, the heater 21 is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve 14 and the first valve 22 respectively;

[0032] Cooling unit 300, comprising a chiller 31, a second valve 32, and a second pump 33, wherein the chiller 31 is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve 14, the second water tank valve 15, and the second valve 32, and the second valve 32 is connected to the second pump 33; and

[0033] The phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 is connected to the valve group, the first valve 22, and the second pump 33. The phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 includes a phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, a second three-way valve 42, a first four-way valve 43, a third three-way valve 45, and a second four-way valve 44. The second three-way valve 42 is connected to the first four-way valve 43, the first four-way valve 43 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is connected to the second four-way valve 44, and the second four-way valve 44 is connected to the third three-way valve 45.

[0034] Among them, the first pump 13 is a large gear pump, and the second pump 33 is a small gear pump.

[0035] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, with the first three-way valve 14 as the reference, the right side of the first three-way valve 14 is the first valve port, the left side of the first three-way valve 14 is the second valve port, and the top of the first three-way valve 14 is the third valve port.

[0036] The water tank 11, the first water tank valve 12, the first pump 13, the first three-way valve 14, the heater 21, the first valve 22, the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, the second four-way valve 44, the third three-way valve 45, and the valve assembly form a thermal circuit. This thermal circuit is used to test the energy storage (heat storage) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. The chiller 31, the second valve 32, the second pump 33, the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, the second four-way valve 44, and the third three-way valve 45 form a cold circuit. This cold circuit is used to test the energy release (cooling) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. Water tank 11, first water tank valve 12, first pump 13, first three-way valve 14, chiller 31 and second water tank valve 15 form an auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit is used for fluid transfer between water tank 11 and chiller 31 and for balancing the fluid temperature in water tank 11.

[0037] The testing system also includes a data acquisition system 51 (e.g., DAQ970A data acquisition system 51) and a computer 52. Various types of data collected in the sequencing system are input into the data acquisition system 51. The data acquisition system 51 is electrically connected to the computer 52. The computer 52 can analyze and process the collected data and control the testing system.

[0038] The testing system for the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 provided by this invention has a clear operating principle and is convenient and quick to set up. Depending on the specific application of the heat exchanger, the testing system can quickly test various alternating hot and cold cycle conditions, such as unidirectional, reverse, and horizontal flow, by changing the inlet and outlet positions of the hot and cold loops and the flow direction of the working fluid. Furthermore, within a specified testing time, the testing system can not only obtain the outlet temperature of the working fluid in the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 in real time and accurately, but also precisely verify the heat storage capacity of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. In addition, the testing system also provides basic data for the engineering design of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, enabling the evaluation of its design, a full understanding and mastery of the optimization direction for its application in the aerospace field, reduction of design errors, and promotion of the technological development of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 for high-power space payloads.

[0039] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some specific embodiments of this application, the water storage unit 100 further includes a first filter 17, which is connected to the first water tank valve 12 and the first pump 13 respectively; the heating unit 200 further includes a second filter 23, which is connected to the second valve 3222 and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 respectively; the cooling unit 300 further includes a third filter 34, which is connected to the second pump 33 and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 respectively.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first filter 17 is an industrial filter, the second filter 23 is a high-precision filter, and the third filter 34 is a high-precision filter. The first filter 17, the second filter 23, and the third filter 34 are all used to filter impurities.

[0041] The first filter 17 is installed on the hot circuit and the auxiliary circuit. During the hot circuit process, the first filter 17 filters impurities for the hot circuit. During the auxiliary circuit process, the first filter 17 also filters impurities for the auxiliary circuit. Therefore, using only one filter can meet the requirements of multiple processes, reduce system costs and reduce system construction steps.

[0042] The second filter 23 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400, specifically to the second three-way valve 42. This ensures that no small particulate impurities enter the narrow flow channel inside the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 during the thermal circuit process, reducing the risk of contamination of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41.

[0043] The third filter 34 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400, specifically to the second three-way valve 42. This ensures that no small particulate impurities enter the narrow flow channel inside the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 during the cold circuit process, reducing the risk of contamination of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some specific embodiments of this application, the heating unit 200 further includes a first flow meter 24, which is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve 14 and the heater 21 respectively; the cooling unit 300 further includes a second flow meter 35, which is connected to the second pump 33 and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 respectively.

[0045] In some implementations, the first flow meter 24 is a large intelligent liquid turbine flow meter, and the second flow meter 35 is a small intelligent liquid turbine flow meter.

[0046] The first flow meter 24 is installed in the thermal circuit and can acquire high-precision flow data during the thermal circuit process. Based on the flow data, the flow rate of the working fluid can be adjusted in real time. Specifically, the first flow meter 24 is connected to the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52 via a data transmission cable. The first flow meter 24 acquires the flow data and inputs it into the data acquisition system 51. The computer 52 controls the first pump 13 based on the flow data, thereby realizing the real-time adjustment of the flow rate of the working fluid.

[0047] The second flow meter 35 is installed in the cold loop and can acquire high-precision flow data during the cold loop operation. Based on the flow data, the flow rate of the working fluid can be adjusted in real time. Specifically, the second flow meter 35 is connected to the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52 via a data transmission cable. The second flow meter 35 acquires the flow data and inputs it into the data acquisition system 51. The computer 52 controls the second pump 33 based on the flow data, thereby realizing the real-time adjustment of the flow rate of the working fluid.

[0048] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some specific embodiments of this application, the valve group includes a third valve 161 and a fourth valve 162. The third valve 161 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400, and the fourth valve 162 is connected to the third valve 161 and the water tank 11 respectively.

[0049] During the thermal circuit process, the third valve 161 and the fourth valve 162 are opened to realize the transfer of the working fluid.

[0050] In some specific embodiments of this application, the water storage unit 100 further includes a heating wire, a first thermocouple, and a stirrer disposed in the water tank 11.

[0051] By setting a heating wire, a first thermocouple, and a stirrer, the temperature of the fluid working medium in the water tank 11 can be known in real time based on the first thermocouple. When the temperature of the fluid working medium in the water tank 11 is low, the function of preliminary heating can also be achieved based on the heating wire and the stirrer.

[0052] In some specific embodiments of this application, the heater 21 is a liquid heater 21, and the heating unit 200 further includes a second thermocouple disposed inside the heater 21 and a third thermocouple disposed at the outlet position of the heater 21.

[0053] The second and third thermocouples allow for real-time monitoring of the internal and outlet temperatures of heater 21, enabling timely adjustment of the heating power to achieve constant heating. Furthermore, under the control of computer 52, the system can be configured to maintain a constant fluid temperature at heater 21 outlet for a short period, thus adapting to various testing conditions.

[0054] In some specific embodiments of this application, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 further includes a frame, and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is fixed on the frame.

[0055] The frame provides support for the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. Specifically, an aluminum profile frame is designed around the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, and the aluminum profiles are fixed with angle brackets. The phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 can be placed horizontally or vertically between the aluminum profiles. The phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is placed on an aluminum plate. Holes are pre-drilled in the aluminum plate according to the design before installation, and it is vertically fixed to the aluminum profile frame with screws. Then, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is vertically fixed to the aluminum plate using screws and nuts. Installing the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 according to the above steps is convenient and quick.

[0056] In some specific embodiments of this application, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 further includes a fourth thermocouple 46 and a fifth thermocouple 47. The fourth thermocouple 46 is disposed on the first four-way valve 43, and the fifth thermocouple 47 is disposed on the second four-way valve 44.

[0057] In some specific embodiments of this application, the fourth thermocouple 46 and the fifth thermocouple 47 are both T-type armored thermocouples.

[0058] The fourth thermocouple 46 and the fifth thermocouple 47 are both connected to the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52 via compensating wires. The compensating wires have the same chemical composition and thermoelectric potential as the fourth thermocouple 46 and the fifth thermocouple 47, which can provide more accurate temperature measurement results.

[0059] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some specific embodiments of this application, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit 400 further includes a differential pressure sensor 48 and a temperature sensor 49. The differential pressure sensor 48 is disposed between the first four-way valve 43 and the second four-way valve 44, and the temperature sensor 49 is disposed on the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41.

[0060] The testing process of the testing system is described in detail here.

[0061] Test 1: Energy storage and release performance test of phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 with co-current hot and cold flow.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 The entire testing system mainly consists of a hot circuit, a cold circuit, and an auxiliary circuit.

[0063] The thermal circuit is used to test the energy storage (heat storage) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. The thermal circuit includes a water tank 11, which is connected to a first water tank valve 12. After passing through an industrial filter, the pipeline is connected to a first pump 13, and then to a first flow meter 24 via a first three-way valve 14. Subsequently, it is connected to a heater 21 and a first valve 22, and then to a second filter 23 and a second three-way valve 42. The pipeline is then connected to a first four-way valve 43. The first four-way valve 43 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 and then to a second four-way valve 44. A fourth thermocouple 46 and a fifth thermocouple 47 are installed on the first four-way valve 43 and the second four-way valve 44, respectively. A differential pressure sensor 48 is installed between the first four-way valve 43 and the second four-way valve 44. The fourth thermocouple 46, the fifth thermocouple 47 and the differential pressure sensor 48 are connected to a data acquisition system 51 and a computer 52, which can obtain test data in real time. The pipeline connects to the water tank 11 via the second four-way valve 44, the third three-way valve 45, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162.

[0064] The cold loop is used to test the energy release (cooling) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. The cold loop includes a chiller 31, which is externally connected to a second valve 32. After the pipeline is connected to the inlet of the second pump 33, it passes through the outlet, the second flow meter 35, the third filter 34, and the second three-way valve 42, and then connects to the first four-way valve 43. The first four-way valve 43 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 and then to the second four-way valve 44. After the second four-way valve 44, the pipeline is connected back to the chiller 31 through the third three-way valve 45.

[0065] The auxiliary circuit is used for fluid transfer between the water tank 11 and the chiller 31, and also serves to balance the fluid temperature within the water tank 11. The auxiliary circuit includes the water tank 11, which is externally connected to a first water tank valve 12. The pipeline passes through a first filter 17 and connects to a first pump 13, then through a first three-way valve 14 to the chiller 31, and finally from the chiller 31 back to the water tank 11 via a second water tank valve 15.

[0066] The test method for the performance of phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is as follows: first, perform the cooling condition, then complete the heat storage condition, and then perform a cold-heat alternation cycle test.

[0067] according to Figure 2 In the test system of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 shown, during the preparation stage before the test, ensure that all valves in the test system are in the closed state. First, store 80~90L of fluid working medium (e.g., ethylene glycol aqueous solution) in the water tank 11. Before the test, turn on the main power supply of the test system.

[0068] Before testing the cooling conditions, the working fluid in the water tank 11 is first sent to the chiller 31.

[0069] The process of adding a loop:

[0070] 1) Turn on the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52;

[0071] 2) Open all valves on the auxiliary circuit (adjust the first three-way valve 14 to connect the auxiliary circuit, open the first water tank valve 12 and the second water tank valve 15), turn on the first pump 13, and charge about 60L of fluid working medium into the chiller 31. Turn off the first pump 13, close all valves on the auxiliary circuit, turn on the chiller 31, and set the temperature as required.

[0072] 3) According to actual operating requirements, if the temperature inside water tank 11 is high, open the valve 15 of the second water tank to transfer the low-temperature fluid working medium in the chiller 31 back to water tank 11 to cool it down. At the same time, turn on the agitator inside water tank 11 to accelerate the mixing of hot and cold fluids. After the temperature inside water tank 11 drops to the required temperature, close the valve 15 of the second water tank. If the temperature inside water tank 11 is low, turn on the heating wire and agitator inside water tank 11 to increase the temperature of the fluid working medium inside water tank 11.

[0073] 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) before starting the cooling operation, ensure that there is about 60L of working fluid in the chiller 31 and no less than 45L of working fluid in the water tank 11.

[0074] Cold circuit process - cooling condition:

[0075] 1) Turn on the second flow meter 35, differential pressure sensor 48, temperature sensor 49, data acquisition system 51 and computer 52 to obtain information such as flow rate, differential pressure and temperature in real time;

[0076] 2) Open the second valve 32, and control the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the third three-way valve 45, and the second four-way valve 44 to connect the cold circuit. At the same time, turn on the second pump 33 (the speed adjustment and calibration of the second pump 33 is completed before the cold circuit starts) to quickly adjust the cold circuit flow rate to the required flow rate;

[0077] 3) After completing step 2), start the test timing. After cooling is complete, stop the data acquisition system 51 and save the data to the computer 52. Then, sequentially turn off the second pump 33, the second flow meter 35, and the second valve 32, and finally turn off the chiller 31. This brings the test system to a standstill, completing the cooling condition test.

[0078] Thermal loop process - thermal storage condition:

[0079] 1) Turn on the first flow meter 24, differential pressure sensor 48, temperature sensor 49, data acquisition system 51 and computer 52 to obtain information such as flow rate, differential pressure and temperature in real time;

[0080] 2) Open the first water tank valve 12, the first valve 22, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162. Then control the first three-way valve 14, the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the third three-way valve 45, and the second four-way valve 44 to connect the heat circuit. Open the first flow meter 24, turn on the heater 21, and adjust it to the required heating power. At the same time, turn on the first pump 13 (the speed adjustment and calibration of the first pump 13 is completed before the heat circuit starts) to quickly adjust the heat circuit flow rate to the required flow rate.

[0081] 3) After completing step 2), start the test timing and acquire the inlet and outlet temperature change curves of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. Stop data acquisition when the outlet temperature of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 exceeds the technical requirement temperature (or stop data acquisition after the specified heat storage time is reached), and save the test data. Then, sequentially close the heater 21, the first flow meter 24, the first pump 13, the first water tank valve 12, the first valve 22, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162 to complete the heat storage condition test. Through post-processing of the test data, the average heat exchange power of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 can be obtained.

[0082] 4) Check all joints in the test system for leaks, and check all valves in the test system to ensure they are in the closed position. Finally, turn off the main power supply to the test system and clean up the test system.

[0083] Test 2: Phase Change Energy Storage Heat Exchanger 41 Cold and Hot Reverse Flow Energy Storage and Release Performance Test

[0084] refer to Figure 3 The entire testing system mainly consists of a hot circuit, a cold circuit, and an auxiliary circuit.

[0085] The thermal circuit is used to test the energy storage (heat storage) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. The thermal circuit includes a water tank 11, which is connected to a first water tank valve 12. After passing through an industrial filter, the pipeline is connected to a first pump 13, and then to a first flow meter 24 via a first three-way valve 14. Subsequently, it is connected to a heater 21 and a first valve 22, and then to a second filter 23 and a second three-way valve 42. The pipeline is then connected to a first four-way valve 43. The first four-way valve 43 is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 and then to a second four-way valve 44. A fourth thermocouple 46 and a fifth thermocouple 47 are installed on the first four-way valve 43 and the second four-way valve 44, respectively. A differential pressure sensor 48 is installed between the first four-way valve 43 and the second four-way valve 44. The fourth thermocouple 46, the fifth thermocouple 47 and the differential pressure sensor 48 are connected to a data acquisition system 51 and a computer 52, which can obtain test data in real time. The pipeline connects to the water tank 11 via the second four-way valve 44, the third three-way valve 45, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162.

[0086] The cold loop is used to test the energy release (cooling) effect of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. The cold loop includes a chiller 31, which is externally connected to a second valve 32. After the pipeline connects to the inlet of the second pump 33, it passes through a second flow meter 35, a third filter 34, and a third three-way valve 45, and then connects to a second four-way valve 44. The second four-way valve connects to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 and then to the first four-way valve 43. A fifth thermocouple 47 and a fourth thermocouple 46 are respectively installed on the second four-way valve 44 and the first four-way valve 43. A differential pressure sensor 48 is installed between the second four-way valve 44 and the first four-way valve 43. The fifth thermocouple 47, the fourth thermocouple 46, and the differential pressure sensor 48 are connected to the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52, which can obtain test data in real time. The pipeline returns to the chiller 31 after the first four-way valve 43 via the second three-way valve 42.

[0087] The auxiliary circuit is used for fluid transfer between the water tank 11 and the chiller 31, and also serves to balance the fluid temperature within the water tank 11. The auxiliary circuit includes the water tank 11, which is externally connected to a first water tank valve 12. The pipeline passes through a first filter 17 and connects to a first pump 13, then through a first three-way valve 14 to the chiller 31, and finally from the chiller 31 back to the water tank 11 via a second water tank valve 15.

[0088] Test method for the performance of phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41: first perform cooling operation, then complete the heat storage operation, and then perform cold-heat alternation cycle test.

[0089] according to Figure 3 In the test system of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 shown, during the preparation stage before the test, ensure that all valves in the test system are in the closed state. First, store 80~90L of fluid working medium (e.g., ethylene glycol aqueous solution) in the water tank 11. Before the test, turn on the main power supply of the test system.

[0090] Before the cooling condition test, the working fluid in the water tank 11 is sent to the chiller 31.

[0091] The process of adding a loop:

[0092] 1) Turn on the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52;

[0093] 2) Open all valves on the auxiliary circuit (adjust the first three-way valve 14 to connect the auxiliary circuit, open the first water tank valve 12 and the second water tank valve 15), turn on the first pump 13, and charge about 60L of fluid working medium into the chiller 31. Turn off the first pump 13, close all valves on the auxiliary circuit, turn on the chiller 31, and set the temperature as required.

[0094] 3) According to actual operating requirements, if the temperature inside water tank 11 is high, open the valve 15 of the second water tank to transfer the low-temperature fluid working medium in the chiller 31 back to water tank 11 to cool it down. At the same time, turn on the agitator inside water tank 11 to accelerate the mixing of hot and cold fluids. After the temperature inside water tank 11 drops to the required temperature, close the valve 15 of the second water tank. If the temperature inside water tank 11 is low, turn on the heating wire and agitator inside water tank 11 to increase the temperature of the fluid working medium inside water tank 11.

[0095] 4) Repeat steps 2) and 3) before starting the cooling operation, ensure that there is about 60L of working fluid in the chiller 31 and no less than 45L of working fluid in the water tank 11.

[0096] Cold circuit process - cooling condition:

[0097] 1) Turn on the second flow meter 35, differential pressure sensor 48, temperature sensor 49, data acquisition system 51 and computer 52 to obtain information such as flow rate, differential pressure and temperature in real time;

[0098] 2) Open the second valve 32, and control the third three-way valve 45, the second four-way valve 44, the first four-way valve 43, and the second three-way valve 42 to connect the cold circuit. At the same time, turn on the second pump 33 (the speed adjustment and calibration of the second pump 33 is completed before the cold circuit starts) to quickly adjust the cold circuit flow rate to the required flow rate;

[0099] 3) After completing step 2), start the test timing. After cooling is complete, stop the data acquisition system 51 and save the data to the computer 52. Then, sequentially turn off the second pump 33, the second flow meter 35, and the second valve 32, and finally turn off the chiller 31. This brings the test system to a standstill, completing the cooling condition test.

[0100] Thermal loop process - thermal storage condition:

[0101] 1) Turn on the first flow meter 24, differential pressure sensor 48, temperature sensor 49, data acquisition system 51 and computer 52 to obtain information such as flow rate, differential pressure and temperature in real time;

[0102] 2) Open the first water tank valve 12, the first valve 22, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162. Then control the first three-way valve 14, the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the third three-way valve 45, and the second four-way valve 44 to connect the heat circuit. Open the first flow meter 24, turn on the heater 21, and adjust it to the required heating power. At the same time, turn on the first pump 13 (the speed adjustment and calibration of the first pump 13 is completed before the heat circuit starts) to quickly adjust the heat circuit flow rate to the required flow rate.

[0103] 3) After completing step 2), start the test timing and acquire the inlet and outlet temperature change curves of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41. Stop data acquisition when the outlet temperature of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 exceeds the technical requirement temperature (or stop data acquisition after the specified heat storage time is reached), and save the test data. Then, sequentially close the heater 21, the first flow meter 24, the first pump 13, the first water tank valve 12, the first valve 22, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162 to complete the heat storage condition test. Through post-processing of the test data, the average heat exchange power of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 can be obtained.

[0104] 4) Check all joints in the test system for leaks, and check all valves in the test system to ensure they are in the closed position. Finally, turn off the main power supply to the test system and clean up the test system.

[0105] Test 3: Additional flow resistance test of phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41

[0106] When conducting the flow resistance test on the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 is placed horizontally. During the preparation stage before starting the flow resistance test, ensure that all valves in the test system are closed. The water tank 11 contains more than 45L of fluid (e.g., an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol), and the main power supply of the test system is turned on.

[0107] The flow resistance test is performed only in the hot circuit and does not require heater 21 to be turned on. The specific test procedure is as follows:

[0108] 1) Turn on the first flow meter 24, differential pressure sensor 48, data acquisition system 51 and computer 52 to obtain flow and differential pressure information in real time, and then reset the differential pressure sensor 48 to zero;

[0109] 2) Open the first valve 22, the first water tank valve 12, the third valve 161, and the fourth valve 162. Then control the first three-way valve 14, the second three-way valve 42, the first four-way valve 43, the second four-way valve 44, and the third three-way valve 45 to connect the thermal circuit. At the same time, turn on the first pump 13 (the speed adjustment and calibration of the first pump 13 is completed before the thermal circuit starts) to quickly adjust the flow rate of the thermal circuit to the required flow rate for the test.

[0110] 3) After step 2) is completed, start the test timing. After 3 minutes of testing, observe the pressure difference value of the differential pressure sensor 48. After the data is recorded, shut off the first pump 13, the first flow meter 246-1, the first water tank valve 12, the first valve 22, the third valve 161 and the fourth valve 162 in sequence to complete one flow resistance test of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41.

[0111] 4) Repeat steps 2) to 3) 3 times, and take the average value of the 3 flow resistance data to obtain the average flow resistance data of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41;

[0112] 5) Repeat steps 1) to 4) to change the fluid flow rate and measure the flow resistance data of phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 at different flow rates;

[0113] 6) The flow resistance data of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 measured at different flow rates can be compared and processed with the pressure difference data measured under the above two operating conditions to obtain more accurate flow resistance data of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41.

[0114] The entire testing system uses a chiller 31 as the cold source for the liquid circuit and a heater 21 as the heat source, which can circulate and cool the working fluid in the circuit to provide constant temperature liquid or constant heating power. The first pump 13 and the second pump 33 are used as the power source for liquid circulation. By adjusting the rotation speed (0~3000 r / min, adjustment step 1 r / min), the flow rate in the circuit can be precisely controlled. The first flow meter 24 and the second flow meter 35 are used to measure the flow rate of the liquid in the circuit. The differential pressure sensor 48 is used to measure the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet liquids of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, thereby obtaining the flow resistance at the rated flow rate. Using the fourth thermocouple 46, the fifth thermocouple 47, the differential pressure sensor 48, the first flow meter 24, the second flow meter 35, the first pump 13, and the second pump 33, and through the data acquisition system 51 and the computer 52, the temperature, flow resistance, and flow rate of the liquids at the inlet and outlet of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 are controlled, measured, and recorded, thereby calculating the total heat exchange and average heat exchange power during the test time. Through testing, it can be confirmed whether the heat storage capacity and energy-to-mass ratio of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41 meet the technical requirements, provided that the outlet temperature of the working fluid meets the requirements within a specified time. The entire testing system can efficiently test the energy storage and release performance and flow resistance of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger 41, and quickly switch the flow direction of the hot and cold loops, making it suitable for various operating conditions.

[0115] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the described embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0116] Furthermore, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing system for a phase change energy storage heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: A water storage unit, comprising a water tank, a first water tank valve, a first pump, a first three-way valve, a second water tank valve, and a valve group, wherein the water tank is connected to the first water tank valve, the second water tank valve, and the valve group, the first water tank valve is connected to the first pump, and the first pump is connected to the first valve port of the first three-way valve; A heating unit, comprising a heater and a first valve, wherein the heater is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve and the first valve, respectively. A cooling unit, comprising a chiller, a second valve, and a second pump, wherein the chiller is connected to the third port of the first three-way valve, the second water tank valve, and the second valve, and the second valve is connected to the second pump; and A phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit, wherein the valve group, the first valve, and the second pump are all connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit includes a phase change energy storage heat exchanger, a second three-way valve, a first four-way valve, a third three-way valve, and a second four-way valve, wherein the second three-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve, the first four-way valve is connected to the phase change energy storage heat exchanger, the phase change energy storage heat exchanger is connected to the second four-way valve, and the second four-way valve is connected to the third three-way valve; The water storage unit further includes a first filter, which is connected to the first water tank valve and the first pump respectively; the heating unit further includes a second filter, which is connected to the first valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the cooling unit further includes a third filter, which is connected to the second pump and the second three-way valve respectively. The heating unit further includes a first flow meter, which is connected to the second valve port of the first three-way valve and the heater respectively; the cooling unit further includes a second flow meter, which is connected to the second pump and the third filter respectively; The valve assembly includes a third valve and a fourth valve. The third valve is connected to the third three-way valve, and the fourth valve is connected to both the third valve and the water tank. The water storage unit also includes a heating wire, a first thermocouple, and a stirrer disposed in the water tank; The heater is a liquid heater, and the heating unit further includes a second thermocouple disposed inside the heater and a third thermocouple disposed at the heater outlet. The phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit further includes a fourth thermocouple and a fifth thermocouple. The fourth thermocouple is installed on the first four-way valve, and the fifth thermocouple is installed on the second four-way valve. The phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit also includes a differential pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The differential pressure sensor is disposed between the first four-way valve and the second four-way valve, and the temperature sensor is disposed on the phase change energy storage heat exchanger. The process involves using a differential pressure sensor to measure the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet liquids of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger, thereby obtaining the flow resistance at the rated flow rate. A fourth thermocouple, a fifth thermocouple, a differential pressure sensor, a first flow meter, a second flow meter, a first pump, and a second pump are used, along with a data acquisition system and a computer, to control, measure, and record the temperature, flow resistance, and flow rate of the inlet and outlet liquids of the phase change energy storage heat exchanger. This allows for the calculation of the total heat exchange and average heat exchange power during the test period.

2. The testing system for the phase change energy storage heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change energy storage heat exchanger unit also includes a frame, and the phase change energy storage heat exchanger is fixed on the frame.

3. The testing system for the phase change energy storage heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the fourth and fifth thermocouples are T-type armored thermocouples.

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