Apparatus and method for testing surface coating adhesion and strain of a laminate

Abstract

The application provides a kind of surface coating adhesion and strain testing device and method of layered object, it is related to quality inspection device technical field, comprising: strain testing device and symmetrically arranged first test component and second test component, first test component and second test component all include adapter and quick release test base;Adapter includes first cylinder and second cylinder, wherein the diameter of first cylinder is less than the diameter of second cylinder, wherein first cylinder is used to be connected with electronic universal testing machine;Quick release test base includes chuck, strain shaft and bonding seat, which are all cylindrical, wherein the diameter of chuck and the diameter of bonding seat are both greater than the diameter of strain shaft;First through hole with the size matched with chuck and second through hole with the size matched with strain shaft are opened in second cylinder, wherein first through hole and second through hole are mutually penetrated;The strain shaft of first test component is connected with strain testing device.It can quickly and accurately measure the adhesion and strain data of different layered objects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quality inspection equipment technology, and in particular to a testing device and method for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material. Background Technology

[0002] Layered materials consist of a substrate and a surface coating. The adhesion of the surface coating refers to the bond strength between the surface coating (such as paint, film, adhesive layer, etc.) and the substrate (such as metal, plastic, glass, etc.), which is the adhesive force at the interface between the surface coating and the substrate. It is an important indicator for evaluating whether the surface coating adheres firmly to the substrate surface, and is commonly used to assess whether the surface coating can maintain stable adhesion to the substrate under the influence of external forces, environmental changes, and other factors.

[0003] Testing the adhesion and strain of surface coatings on layered materials is crucial because it directly relates to the bond strength between the surface coating and the substrate, affecting the stability and durability of the surface coating under environmental factors such as external forces, temperature changes, and humidity. By testing adhesion, we can assess whether the surface coating can maintain good adhesion during long-term use, preventing peeling, detachment, or damage, thereby ensuring the protective effect of the surface coating, structural safety, and product lifespan. In industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction, testing the adhesion of surface coatings is essential to ensure that the surface coating can effectively resist external environmental corrosion and extend the service life of equipment and structures.

[0004] The existing tests for the adhesion and strain of surface coatings on layered materials mainly employ the pull-off method to test the adhesion of double-layer surface coatings. However, existing testing devices for the adhesion and strain of surface coatings on layered materials have structural limitations, and the direction of applied force is prone to deviating from the normal of the test sample, leading to local stress concentration and deviation in test results. In addition, current testing equipment is complex to operate, and requires a long time for readjustment and calibration when changing samples, resulting in extremely low testing efficiency. This fails to meet the needs of efficient and rapid testing, affecting testing efficiency and the accuracy of test data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations of existing technologies, which primarily employ the pull-off method for testing the adhesion and strain of surface coatings on layered materials, this invention provides a device and method for testing the adhesion and strain of surface coatings on layered materials. These methods suffer from structural limitations, with the applied force direction easily deviating from the normal to the test sample, leading to localized stress concentration and test result deviations. Furthermore, current testing equipment is complex to operate, requiring lengthy readjustment and calibration when changing samples, resulting in extremely low testing efficiency. These issues hinder efficient and rapid testing and negatively impact the accuracy of test data.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] First aspect

[0008] The present invention provides a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating of a layered material, which is applied to an electronic universal testing machine. The device includes a strain testing device and a first testing component and a second testing component arranged symmetrically. Both the first testing component and the second testing component include an adapter and a quick-release testing base.

[0009] The adapter includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder, and the first cylinder is used for connection with an electronic universal testing machine;

[0010] The quick-release test base includes a chuck, a strain shaft, and an adhesive base, all of which are cylindrical. The adhesive base is used to place the test sample. The diameters of the chuck and the adhesive base are both larger than the diameter of the strain shaft.

[0011] The second cylinder has a first port with a size matching the chuck and a second port with a size matching the strain axis, wherein the first port and the second port are interconnected.

[0012] The strain axis of the first test component is connected to the strain testing device;

[0013] When the electronic universal testing machine applies a tensile force to the first test component and the second test component, it acquires data from the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine regarding the sample to be tested, and analyzes the data from the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine to obtain the surface coating adhesion of the sample to be tested.

[0014] Second aspect

[0015] This invention provides a method for testing the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, applicable to a testing apparatus for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material as described in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0016] S1: Prepare a sample module for the sample to be tested;

[0017] S2: Fix the adapter to the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the interval between the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw, wherein the interval is matched with the size of the sample module;

[0018] S3: Install the sample module onto the adapter;

[0019] S4: Connect the strain testing device to the strain axis of the first testing component;

[0020] S5: Start the electronic universal testing machine and apply tensile force to the test sample in the sample module using the pull-out method;

[0021] S6: Acquire data from the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine;

[0022] S7: Analyze the data collected by the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine to obtain the surface coating adhesion and strain of the test sample.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, the testing device for the adhesion and strain of the surface coating of the layered material, by employing symmetrically arranged first and second testing components, ensures the stability of the applied force direction and avoids the local stress concentration problem caused by the force deviating from the normal in traditional equipment. The first and second testing components are each equipped with an adapter. The first cylinder connects to the electronic universal testing machine, and the design of the second cylinder makes the force transmission more precise, avoiding uneven force application and effectively improving the reliability of the test results. Furthermore, the device uses a quick-release test base, and the design of the chuck, strain axis, and adhesive seat allows for quick fixing and replacement of the test sample, reducing the time for readjustment and calibration and significantly improving testing efficiency. The strain axis is connected to the strain testing device, enabling real-time acquisition of the sample's strain data. Combined with data analysis from the electronic universal testing machine, the surface coating adhesion is accurately calculated, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The testing efficiency is higher, and the test results are more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the physical structure of a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a layered material surface coating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for testing the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered structure, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4The strain axis and strain-time diagram on the adhesive seat are measured by a strain testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 A stress-displacement diagram on an electronic universal testing machine is provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] A. First test assembly; 1. Adapter; 101. First cylinder; 102. Second cylinder; 103. First port; 104. Second port; 2. Quick-release test base; 201. Chuck; 202. Strain axis; 203. Bonding seat; B. Second test assembly; 3. Strain testing device; 4. Electronic universal testing machine; 401. First wedge jaw; 402. Second wedge jaw; 5. Sample to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily," "for example," etc., are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or either one.

[0035] In the embodiments of this invention, the terms "image" and "picture" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning. Similarly, the terms "of," "corresponding (relevant)," and "corresponding" may sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that, without emphasizing the distinction between them, they convey the same meaning.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning they express is the same.

[0037] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic structural diagram of a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a layered material surface coating provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1The arrows indicate the direction for tightening the universal joint with the fixed jaws.

[0040] Reference manual attached Figure 2 The diagram shows a physical structural schematic of a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a layered material surface coating provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 The purpose of installing strain gauges on the bonding seat is to verify whether the ratio of the bonding seat strain to the strain axis strain is less than 10%. This ratio is not needed in subsequent experiments. If the ratio is met, it indicates that the device meets the testing requirements.

[0042] This invention provides a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, comprising: an application in an electronic universal testing machine, the device including: a strain testing device and a first testing component and a second testing component arranged symmetrically, both the first testing component and the second testing component including an adapter and a quick-release testing base.

[0043] The first and second test components are symmetrically arranged to ensure uniform and stable applied tensile force. Each component includes an adapter and a quick-release test base, which facilitates connection to an electronic universal testing machine and provides the ability to quickly change test samples.

[0044] The adapter includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder, and the first cylinder is used for connection with an electronic universal testing machine.

[0045] The adapter consists of a first cylinder and a second cylinder. The diameter of the first cylinder is smaller than that of the second cylinder. The first cylinder is used to connect to the electronic universal testing machine to ensure that the force can be effectively transmitted to the test sample through the second cylinder.

[0046] The quick-release test base includes a chuck, a strain shaft, and an adhesive base, all of which are cylindrical. The adhesive base is used to place the test sample. The diameters of both the chuck and the adhesive base are larger than the diameter of the strain shaft.

[0047] The test sample refers to the layered material to be tested. The layered material is composed of a substrate and a surface coating. Optionally, the test sample may specifically include layered materials such as coating / substrate, plating / substrate, oxide layer / substrate, and paint film / substrate.

[0048] The quick-release test base includes a chuck, strain gauge, and bonding pad. The diameter of the chuck and bonding pad is larger than that of the strain gauge, ensuring stable fixation of the test sample. The quick-release function makes changing the test sample more convenient and saves operation time.

[0049] It should be noted that the test sample is a layered material, meaning that the device mainly tests the adhesion between the layered material and the substrate.

[0050] The second cylinder has a first port with a size matching the chuck and a second port with a size matching the strain axis, wherein the first port and the second port are interconnected.

[0051] The second cylinder has a first port that matches the chuck and a second port that matches the strain axis. The first and second ports are interconnected, ensuring that the force and strain measurement parts can be smoothly connected and coordinated.

[0052] The strain axis of the first test component is connected to the strain testing device.

[0053] The strain testing device includes, but is not limited to, strain gauges and extensometers; any device capable of testing strain is included.

[0054] When the electronic universal testing machine applies a tensile force to the first test component and the second test component, it acquires data on the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine regarding the sample to be tested, and analyzes the data acquired by the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine to obtain the surface coating adhesion and strain of the sample to be tested.

[0055] Specifically, the design of the first and second cylinders enhances the stability of the applied force by ensuring the connection between the first cylinder and the electronic universal testing machine, and utilizing the second cylinder to transmit force, thus avoiding force deviation and uneven distribution. Secondly, the quick-release test base's chuck, strain shaft, and adhesive seat structure ensures stable fixation of the test sample, and the chuck and adhesive seat diameters are larger than the strain shaft diameter, providing stronger fixing force and adaptability. Simultaneously, the connection between the first and second ports ensures precise alignment between the force transmission and strain measurement components, reducing resistance or interference and improving testing efficiency and accuracy. This, in turn, improves the uniformity of applied force, the convenience of the testing process, and the accuracy of the results.

[0056] It should be noted that the testing device for the surface coating adhesion and strain of this layered material employs symmetrically arranged first and second testing components, ensuring the consistency and uniformity of the applied force direction and avoiding stress concentration and test deviations caused by force deviation from the normal in traditional testing devices. Secondly, the quick-release test base design of the device makes sample replacement more convenient, reducing recalibration and adjustment time and improving testing efficiency. Furthermore, the combination of the strain testing device and the precise data acquisition of the electronic universal testing machine enables the acquisition of more accurate surface coating adhesion values, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the test results. This device improves testing efficiency while ensuring high data accuracy, solving the problems of slow testing speed, cumbersome operation, and inaccurate testing in existing technologies.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the testing device for the adhesion and strain of the surface coating of the layered material, by employing symmetrically arranged first and second testing components, ensures the stability of the applied force direction and avoids the local stress concentration problem caused by the force deviating from the normal in traditional equipment. The first and second testing components are each equipped with an adapter. The first cylinder connects to the electronic universal testing machine, and the design of the second cylinder makes the force transmission more precise, avoiding uneven force application and effectively improving the reliability of the test results. Furthermore, the device uses a quick-release test base, and the design of the chuck, strain axis, and adhesive seat allows for quick fixing and replacement of the test sample, reducing the time for readjustment and calibration and significantly improving testing efficiency. The strain axis is connected to the strain testing device, enabling real-time acquisition of the sample's strain data. Combined with data analysis from the electronic universal testing machine, the surface coating adhesion is accurately calculated, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The testing efficiency is higher, and the test results are more accurate.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the diameter of the first cylinder is greater than twice the diameter of the adhesive base.

[0060] It should be noted that the diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the bonding seat, which helps to provide a more stable force transmission and fixation effect. This design ensures that the force is evenly distributed during the test, reduces local stress concentration, and avoids test errors. At the same time, it increases the rigidity of the structure, reduces possible displacement or deviation during the test, and ensures the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0061] Optionally, the radius of the first cylinder is less than 40 mm.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the first opening forms an arc-shaped region on both sides of the second cylinder.

[0063] The cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region is more than twice the area of ​​the bottom surface of the bonding seat:

[0064] .

[0065] .

[0066] .

[0067] in, This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region. Represents pi (π). Indicates the radius of the bottom surface of the bonding seat. This represents the radius of the base of the second cylinder. This indicates the radian of the arc corresponding to the arc-shaped region. Represents the sine function. This represents the central angle of the arc corresponding to the arc-shaped region.

[0068] It should be noted that this design improves the efficiency and uniformity of force distribution by ensuring that the cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region on both sides of the first opening is more than twice the area of ​​the bottom surface of the adhesive base. The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region effectively reduces stress concentration, ensuring a more uniform and stable transfer of adhesion between the adhesive base and the substrate during testing, and avoiding sample damage or testing errors caused by excessive local stress. Furthermore, the arc-shaped region design optimizes the adaptability of the testing equipment, ensures reliable fixation of different samples, and improves the accuracy of test results.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the dimensional constraint on the strain shaft diameter is specifically as follows:

[0070] .

[0071] .

[0072] in, Indicates the diameter of the strain axis. This represents the axial force acting on the strain axis during the application of force by the electronic universal testing machine. This indicates the maximum adhesion of the sample under test. Indicates the diameter of the bonding seat.

[0073] It should be noted that this dimensional constraint ensures that the strain shaft diameter is large enough to withstand the applied axial force, preventing deformation or damage to the strain shaft due to excessive stress during testing. Simultaneously, by ensuring that the ratio of the strain shaft diameter to the adhesive seat diameter is greater than 10, the stability of the device is effectively enhanced, ensuring more uniform force transmission during the force application process, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test data. These design features help avoid testing errors caused by insufficient strain shaft strength or deformation, ensuring the accuracy of the testing process and the durability of the device.

[0074] Optionally, the test sample may specifically include layered materials such as coating / substrate, plating / substrate, oxide layer / substrate, and paint film / substrate. Based on this, the maximum adhesion of the test sample can be estimated to be 50 MPa.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the chuck's size constraint is specifically as follows:

[0076] .

[0077] .

[0078] .

[0079] .

[0080] .

[0081] in, This indicates the contact area between the chuck and the first port. Indicates the area of ​​the chuck's bottom surface. Indicates the radius of the chuck's bottom surface. This represents the radius of the base of the second cylinder. Indicates the width of the first opening. Indicates the diameter of the chuck bottom surface. Indicates the height of the first opening. Indicates the chuck height.

[0082] It should be noted that this dimensional constraint ensures that the contact area between the chuck and the first port is sufficiently large, thereby improving force transmission efficiency and avoiding stress concentration caused by insufficient contact area. The contact area between the chuck and the first port being greater than 50% of the chuck's bottom surface area helps to evenly distribute the force applied to the sample, preventing sample damage due to localized force concentration. By optimizing the dimensional matching between the chuck and the first port, the chuck stably fixes the test sample, further improving testing accuracy and data reliability. Simultaneously, the width and height of the first port are greater than the chuck's dimensions, ensuring the chuck's stability and reliability, and ensuring that the force transmission during the testing process is undisturbed.

[0083] Optionally, , .

[0084] In one possible implementation, the dimensional constraint of the strain axis is specifically as follows:

[0085] .

[0086] .

[0087] in, Indicates the width of the second opening. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the strain axis. Indicates the height of the strain axis. This indicates the height of the second opening.

[0088] It should be noted that the dimensional constraints of the strain shaft ensure that it can pass smoothly through the second port, avoiding jamming or mismatch problems caused by the strain shaft being too large or too small. By ensuring that the width of the second port is greater than the diameter of the strain shaft and that the height of the strain shaft is greater than the height of the second port, the constraints or instability of the strain shaft during the test are effectively reduced, ensuring accurate acquisition of strain data. Furthermore, this design optimizes the force transmission and strain measurement process, ensuring that the device can smoothly and accurately acquire data while applying force, improving the reliability and efficiency of the test.

[0089] Optionally, , .

[0090] In one possible implementation, the dimensional constraints of the adhesive base are specifically as follows:

[0091] .

[0092] in, Indicates the height of the bonding seat.

[0093] Understandably, the dimensional constraints of the bonding pad ensure that its height is moderate—neither too small to affect the stability of sample fixation, nor too large to cause unnecessary load or interference during testing. By limiting the height of the bonding pad to between 10 mm and half the height of the strain axis, it is ensured that it provides sufficient support force when fixing the test sample, maintaining the stability of the sample, while reducing stress concentration or uneven distribution caused by an excessively high bonding pad, thus improving testing accuracy and device stability.

[0094] More specifically, the testing device for the adhesion and strain of the surface coating of layered materials employs symmetrically arranged first and second testing components. Each component includes an adapter and a quick-release testing base, ensuring uniform and stable applied tensile force. The adapter design connects to the electronic universal testing machine via a first cylinder, while the second cylinder precisely transmits the force, ensuring mechanical stability during the force application process. The chuck, strain shaft, and bonding seat of the quick-release testing base ensure stable fixation of the test sample and facilitate rapid sample replacement, significantly improving testing efficiency. The strain testing device works in conjunction with the electronic universal testing machine to acquire strain data in real time. Combined with force data analysis, the adhesion of the surface coating can be accurately calculated. The entire testing structure not only improves the uniformity of force application but also reduces the problem of localized stress concentration in traditional equipment, optimizes sample fixation and data acquisition during the testing process, and ensures high efficiency and accuracy in testing.

[0095] Reference manual attached Figure 3 The diagram shows a flowchart illustrating a method for testing the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] The present invention also provides a method for testing the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, applicable to the aforementioned testing apparatus for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, the method comprising:

[0097] S1: Prepare a sample module for the sample to be tested.

[0098] In one possible implementation, S1 specifically refers to:

[0099] The test sample is attached to the quick-release test base and left to stand for a preset time to obtain the sample module. The centers of the planes containing the quick-release test base of the first test component, the test sample, and the quick-release test base of the second test component are coaxial.

[0100] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the preset duration according to actual needs, and this invention does not impose any limitations on it. Optionally, the preset duration can be set to 24 hours.

[0101] Specifically, the process of preparing the sample module involves using adhesive to bond the quick-release test base to the test sample, maintaining pressure and allowing it to stand until the adhesive has completely solidified to obtain the sample module. Further, the sample module includes the test sample and the quick-release test base bonded to its upper and lower surfaces, ensuring that the centers of the test sample and the upper and lower quick-release test bases are on the same axis. Additionally, before maintaining pressure and allowing it to stand, any excess adhesive that has overflowed around the bonded quick-release test bases must be cleaned.

[0102] Understandably, the surface of the test sample needs to be cleaned before the sample module is prepared in order to remove dust, oil and other impurities from the surface of the test sample.

[0103] Specifically, by attaching the test sample to the quick-release test base and allowing it to stand for a preset time, the stability and accuracy of the sample module are ensured. This process guarantees that the test sample is aligned with the center of the upper and lower quick-release test bases, thereby ensuring that the force applied during the test is uniform and concentrated, which helps to avoid test errors caused by asymmetrical or unstable sample positions.

[0104] S2: Fix the adapter to the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the interval between the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw, wherein the interval is matched with the size of the sample module.

[0105] Specifically, the two adapters can be fixed in the upper and lower wedge jaws (i.e., the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw) of the electronic universal testing machine, and the jaw spacing can be adjusted so that the sample module can be inserted along the first opening.

[0106] Understandably, by fixing the adapter to the wedge-shaped jaws of the electronic universal testing machine and adjusting the jaw spacing, a perfect fit between the sample module and the device is achieved, ensuring stability and accuracy during force application. Adjusting the spacing allows the sample module to be smoothly inserted and securely fixed, avoiding test errors caused by insecure fixing or uneven force application. This design helps ensure the uniformity and reliability of tensile force application, improving the accuracy of test results.

[0107] S3: Install the sample module onto the adapter.

[0108] S4: Connect the strain testing device to the strain axis of the first testing component.

[0109] S5: Start the electronic universal testing machine and apply tension to the test sample in the sample module using the pull-out method.

[0110] The pull-off test is a commonly used method for measuring the adhesion between a layered coating and the substrate. In this test, a gradually increasing tensile force is applied until the coating separates from the substrate. The strength of the adhesion is assessed by observing the peeling at the sample interface. The pull-off test provides definitive adhesion data, typically determined by measuring the maximum force applied during the separation process.

[0111] S6: Acquire data from the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine.

[0112] Strain testing equipment typically includes strain gauges and extensometers. It measures the deformation (strain) of the test sample in real time, recording the elongation or compression of the surface coating or substrate material during the application of force. This data reflects the elastic or plastic changes of the sample under stress, helping to evaluate the adhesion and performance of the surface coating. An electronic universal testing machine applies and records the tensile or compressive force applied to the sample. The machine is usually equipped with a force sensor to monitor and record changes in force values ​​in real time, providing data on the applied force to help analyze the magnitude of the adhesion.

[0113] By simultaneously acquiring data from a strain testing device and an electronic universal testing machine, the dynamic changes in the adhesion of surface coatings can be comprehensively analyzed. The combination of strain and force data provides an accurate mechanical analysis model, helping to deeply understand the performance of the surface coating under stress and the specific adhesion conditions. Dual data acquisition improves testing accuracy, ensuring more reliable and precise test results.

[0114] S7: Analyze the data collected by the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine to obtain the surface coating adhesion and strain of the test sample.

[0115] In one possible implementation, S7 specifically includes:

[0116] S701: Calculate the adhesion decision parameters based on data collected by the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine. The specific calculation method for the adhesion decision parameters is as follows:

[0117] .

[0118] in, This represents the engineering stress on the test sample obtained from data collected by an electronic universal testing machine. This represents the strain axis strain obtained from data collected by the strain testing device. This represents the elastic modulus of the strain axis.

[0119] S702: If the adhesion decision parameter value is less than or equal to the first preset adhesion decision parameter value, the engineering stress is used as the surface coating adhesion of the test sample, and the process proceeds to step S705.

[0120] Optionally, the first preset adhesion decision parameter value can be set to 0.01, or 1%.

[0121] S703: When the adhesion decision parameter value is greater than the first preset adhesion decision parameter value and less than or equal to the second preset adhesion decision parameter value, calculate the surface coating adhesion of the test sample using the following formula, and proceed to step S705:

[0122] .

[0123] Optionally, the second preset adhesion decision parameter value can be set to 0.05, or 5%.

[0124] S704: If the adhesion decision parameter value is greater than the second preset adhesion decision parameter value, calibrate the electronic universal testing machine and retest the surface coating adhesion of the test sample.

[0125] S705: Outputs the surface coating adhesion of the test sample.

[0126] Specifically, this surface coating adhesion testing process combines data from a strain testing device and an electronic universal testing machine. First, the strain testing device records strain data, and the electronic universal testing machine records the applied force. These data are used to calculate adhesion decision parameters. Depending on the value of these parameters, the test results are processed differently: if the adhesion decision parameter is less than or equal to a preset value, the engineering stress obtained from the electronic universal testing machine is directly used as the adhesion force. If the decision parameter is within the preset range, the average of the strain and stress is calculated to obtain the adhesion force. If the decision parameter exceeds the preset range, equipment calibration is performed and the test is repeated to ensure accuracy. This process, through multi-level judgment and calculation, effectively avoids the bias that may arise from a single data source, ensuring the accuracy, reliability, and stability of the test results.

[0127] S706: Based on the measured surface coating adhesion, the strain calculation method for the test sample is as follows:

[0128] .

[0129] .

[0130] in, This indicates the strain of the sample to be tested. This indicates the matrix thickness of the sample to be tested. Indicates intermediate variables. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the strain axis. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the bonding seat. Indicates the height of the adhesive base. Indicates the height of the strain axis. Indicates the adhesion of the surface coating. This indicates the thickness of the sample to be tested, i.e., the thickness of the layered material. This represents the matrix elastic modulus of the sample to be tested.

[0131] Understandably, after obtaining the strain of the test sample, the strain curve of the test sample can be fitted using a fitting tool, and then the surface coating adhesion state of the test sample can be further analyzed and obtained.

[0132] In this context, the strain of the test sample refers to the degree of deformation of the layered material under applied force. Strain is the relative deformation of a material under stress, usually expressed as the ratio of deformation to original length. In surface coating adhesion testing, the strain of the test sample provides the material's deformation response under force, which is crucial for evaluating the adhesion of the surface coating.

[0133] Calculating the strain of the test sample is crucial for testing the adhesion of surface coatings. By calculating strain, we can understand the elastic response and deformation characteristics of the layered material under external forces, which is essential for determining whether the surface coating will crack, peel, or fail. Strain data helps to scientifically analyze the bond strength between the surface coating and the substrate, thus providing an accurate basis for assessing the adhesion of the surface coating. By fitting the strain curve, we can further analyze the state of the surface coating adhesion, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results and ensuring that the surface coating can stably and durablely maintain its adhesion in actual use.

[0134] In practical applications, the testing method for the adhesion and strain of the entire layered surface coating is highly efficient and accurate by combining data from a strain testing device and an electronic universal testing machine through multiple steps. First, the test sample is bonded to a quick-release test base and left to stand, stabilizing the sample and preparing it for the subsequent pull-out test. Then, the connection between the adapter and the electronic universal testing machine is adjusted to ensure precise alignment of the sample module, and the surface coating is separated from the substrate by applying progressively increasing tensile force using the pull-out method. During the test, strain data and applied force are collected in real time. The adhesion decision parameters are calculated to determine the surface coating adhesion value, and the equipment is further adjusted or calibrated based on the results to ensure data accuracy. By calculating the strain of the test sample, the bonding strength between the surface coating and the substrate can be scientifically evaluated, ensuring reliable test results. This method offers higher precision, flexibility, and ease of operation, avoiding errors in traditional testing methods, improving testing efficiency, and ensuring the comprehensiveness and reliability of surface coating adhesion testing.

[0135] Reference manual attached Figure 4 The image shows a strain axis and a strain-time diagram on an adhesive base measured by a strain testing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0136] Reference manual attached Figure 5 The diagram shows a stress-displacement diagram on an electronic universal testing machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0137] Example 1: Taking the test of the adhesion of aluminum-silicon coating on a steel substrate as an example, the test method includes the following steps: cleaning the sample, preparing the sample module, installing the adapter, installing the sample module, testing with an electronic universal testing machine, and data processing. Each step will be explained in detail below.

[0138] Specifically, the test sample is a cold-rolled steel sheet with an aluminum-silicon coating, 2.12 mm thick (coating thickness: 25 µm), and the sample size is 30 × 30 mm. The adapter and quick-release test base are made of 304 stainless steel, which has an elastic modulus of 193 GPa. The quick-release test base has a chuck diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm, a strain axis diameter of 6 mm and a height of 50 mm, and an adhesive base diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm. In this embodiment, a strain gauge is used as the strain testing device.

[0139] Clean the sample: Rinse the surface with alcohol and sonicate in an ultrasonic machine (50±5 ℃) for 5 minutes to ensure that there are no visible grease, dirt or other impurities on the sample surface.

[0140] Sample module preparation: Use adhesive to bond the quick-release test base to the test sample. Select fast-drying cyanoacrylate adhesive (AB glue), remove any unevenly dried adhesive from the front end, stir thoroughly, and let stand for 5 seconds to allow the adhesive to fully react. Apply the adhesive evenly to the surface of the bonding base and bond it to the test sample, ensuring the centers of the test sample and each quick-release test base are on the same axis. Clean any excess adhesive with a cotton swab. Place a 500 g weight on top of the chuck, then maintain pressure and let stand for 24 hours to allow complete curing (temperature: 23±2 ℃, humidity: RH 15± 5 %).

[0141] Install the adapter: Fix the adapter to the upper and lower wedge jaws of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the jaw spacing so that the sample module can be inserted just along the wide opening.

[0142] Install the sample module: (e.g.) Figure 1 As shown, the sample module is installed into the adapter, and strain gauges are uniformly and longitudinally attached to the strain axis and adhesive base of the quick-release test base (the purpose of installing strain gauges on the adhesive base is to verify...). (10%, no further experiments are needed), connected to the static analysis test system.

[0143] Testing using an electronic universal testing machine: The tensile test was performed using the universal testing machine. A vertical tensile force of 0.60 MPa / s was applied, the testing machine was turned on, and the test base was completely separated from the specimen. Data from the universal testing machine and the strain testing device were collected.

[0144] Data processing: Data collected from the electronic universal testing machine and strain testing device is processed. For example... Figure 4 , 5 The engineering stress value σ1 of the surface coating was found to be 15.50 MPa, and the strains on the strain axis and the adhesive seat were 92.4 µε and 7.50 µε, respectively, which met the requirements. 10%. The quick-release test base of 304 stainless steel has an E=193 GPa, and then according to... 3.25% 5%, to obtain the adhesion of the coating. 15.18 MPa.

[0145] according to The conclusion is 82.36 µε =1.02. Simultaneously, batch processing of the data yields strain curves.

[0146] Example 2: Taking the test of epoxy zinc-rich primer / steel adhesion as an example, the test method specifically includes: cleaning the sample, preparing the sample module, installing the adapter, installing the sample module, testing with an electronic universal testing machine, and data processing. Each step will be explained in detail below.

[0147] The test sample was epoxy zinc-rich primer / steel, with a sample thickness of 2.12 mm (film thickness: 12 µm) and a sample size of 30 × 30 mm. The adapter and quick-release test base were made of 304 stainless steel, which has an elastic modulus of 193 GPa. The quick-release test base was designed with a chuck diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm, an adhesive base diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm, and a strain axis diameter of 6 mm and a height of 45 mm. In this embodiment, strain gauges were used as the strain testing device.

[0148] Use a soft brush to clean the surface, ensuring that there is no visible grease, dirt, or foreign matter on the sample surface.

[0149] Sample module preparation: A two-component polyurethane adhesive was used. A (hydroxyl component) and B (isocyanate component) were mixed evenly in a specific ratio. The mixture was allowed to stand for 5 seconds to allow the adhesive to fully react. The adhesive was then evenly applied to the surfaces of the upper and lower bonding pads and bonded to the sample to be tested, ensuring that the center of the sample and each quick-release test base was aligned with the same axis. Excess adhesive was cleaned with a cotton swab. A 200 g weight was placed on top of the chuck, and the mixture was then held under pressure for 12 hours to allow complete curing (temperature: 25±2℃, humidity: RH 15±5%).

[0150] Install the adapter: Fix the adapter to the upper and lower wedge jaws of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the jaw spacing so that the sample module can be inserted just along the wide opening.

[0151] Install the sample module: Install the sample module into the adapter, and uniformly attach the strain gauges longitudinally on the strain axis of the quick-release test base, and connect it to the static analysis test system.

[0152] Testing using an electronic universal testing machine: The tensile test was performed using an electronic universal testing machine. A vertical tensile force of 0.50 MPa / s was applied, the testing machine was turned on, and the test base was completely separated from the specimen. Data from the electronic universal testing machine and the strain testing device were collected.

[0153] Data Processing: Data collected from the electronic universal testing machine and strain testing device were processed. The engineering stress value of the surface coating was found to be 14.50 MPa, and the strain axis strain was 72.64 µε. The quick-release test base of 304 stainless steel has an E=193 GPa, according to... 3.37% 5%, to obtain the adhesion of the coating. 14.27 MPa.

[0154] according to , and thus =76.31 µε, =1.02, and the strain curve can be obtained by batch processing the data.

[0155] Example 3: Taking the testing of the adhesion of the oxide layer / low carbon steel as an example, the specific test method includes:

[0156] The test method includes the following steps: cleaning the sample, preparing the sample module, installing the adapter, installing the sample module, testing with an electronic universal testing machine, and data processing. Each step will be explained in detail below.

[0157] The test sample was a low-carbon steel plate with an oxide layer on the surface. The sample thickness was 3.26 mm (oxide layer thickness: 65 µm), and the sample size was 30 × 30 mm. The adapter and quick-release test base were made of 316 stainless steel, which has an elastic modulus of 200 GPa. The quick-release test base was designed with a chuck diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm, an adhesive base diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm, and a strain axis diameter of 5 mm and a height of 60 mm. In this embodiment, an extensometer was used as the strain testing device.

[0158] Clean the sample: Use a soft brush, lint-free cloth or compressed air to clean the surface, avoiding scratching the oxide layer.

[0159] Sample module preparation: Use adhesive to bond the quick-release test base to the test sample. Select inorganic ceramic adhesive and mix the powder and liquid curing agent in a 2:1 ratio according to the instructions, stirring until there are no particles. Apply the adhesive evenly to the surfaces of both upper and lower bonding bases and bond them to the test sample, ensuring the centers of the test sample and each quick-release test base are on the same axis. Clean up any excess adhesive with a cotton swab. Place a 500g weight on top of the chuck, then maintain pressure and allow it to stand for 24 hours to fully cure (temperature: 25±2℃, humidity: RH 15±5%).

[0160] Install the adapter: Fix the adapter to the upper and lower wedge jaws of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the jaw spacing so that the sample module can be inserted just along the wide opening.

[0161] Install the specimen module: Install the specimen module into the adapter, place the extensometer on the strain axis of the quick-release test base, insert the gauge length card, connect the extensometer to the testing machine and data acquisition system through the interface, zero the instrument in the software interface, and set the gauge length to 20 mm.

[0162] Test using a universal testing machine: Perform the tensile test using a universal testing machine. Set the vertical tensile force to be applied at a speed of 0.50 MPa / s, turn on the testing machine, and wait until the quick-release test base is completely separated from the sample. Collect the data from the electronic universal testing machine and the extensometer.

[0163] Data Processing: Data collected from the electronic universal testing machine and strain testing device were processed. The engineering stress value of the surface coating was 28.27 MPa. The quick-release test base of 316 stainless steel had an E=200 GPa, and the strain on the strain axis was 0.014%. 0.96% 1%, to obtain the adhesion of the coating. 28.27 MPa.

[0164] according to , and thus =71.43 µε, =1.01. Simultaneously, batch processing of the data yields strain curves.

[0165] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0166] In this embodiment of the invention, the testing device for the adhesion and strain of the surface coating of the layered material, by employing symmetrically arranged first and second testing components, ensures the stability of the applied force direction and avoids the local stress concentration problem caused by the force deviating from the normal in traditional equipment. The first and second testing components are each equipped with an adapter. The first cylinder connects to the electronic universal testing machine, and the design of the second cylinder makes the force transmission more precise, avoiding uneven force application and effectively improving the reliability of the test results. Furthermore, the device uses a quick-release test base, and the design of the chuck, strain axis, and adhesive seat allows for quick fixing and replacement of the test sample, reducing the time for readjustment and calibration and significantly improving testing efficiency. The strain axis is connected to the strain testing device, enabling real-time acquisition of the sample's strain data. Combined with data analysis from the electronic universal testing machine, the surface coating adhesion is accurately calculated, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The testing efficiency is higher, and the test results are more accurate.

[0167] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage system such as a server or data center that includes one or more sets of available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0168] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0169] In this invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be a single item or multiple items.

[0170] It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0171] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0173] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0174] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0175] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0176] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer system (which may be a personal computer, server, or network system, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0177] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0178] The following points need to be explained:

[0179] (1) The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures can refer to the general design.

[0180] (2) For clarity, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced in the drawings used to describe embodiments of the invention, i.e., these drawings are not drawn to scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being “above” or “below” another element, the element may be “directly” located “above” or “below” the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0181] (3) Where there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0182] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A testing method using a testing device for the adhesion and strain of a surface coating on a layered material, characterized in that, The testing device is applied to an electronic universal testing machine. The device includes: a strain testing device and a first testing component and a second testing component arranged symmetrically. Both the first testing component and the second testing component include an adapter and a quick-release testing base. The adapter includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the diameter of the first cylinder being smaller than the diameter of the second cylinder, and the first cylinder being used to connect to the electronic universal testing machine; The quick-release test base includes a chuck, a strain shaft, and an adhesive seat, all of which are cylindrical. The adhesive seat is used to place the test sample. The diameter of the chuck and the diameter of the adhesive seat are both larger than the diameter of the strain shaft. The second cylinder has a first opening with a size matching the chuck and a second opening with a size matching the strain shaft, and the first opening and the second opening are interconnected. The test method includes: S1: Prepare a sample module for the test sample; S2: Fix the adapter to the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw of the electronic universal testing machine respectively, and adjust the interval between the first wedge jaw and the second wedge jaw, wherein the interval is matched with the size of the sample module; S3: Install the sample module onto the adapter; S4: Connect the strain testing device to the strain axis of the first testing component; S5: Start the electronic universal testing machine and apply tensile force to the test sample in the sample module using the pull-out method; S6: Obtain the strain testing device data and the electronic universal testing machine data related to the test sample; S7: Analyze the data collected by the strain testing device and the electronic universal testing machine to obtain the surface coating adhesion and strain of the test sample; Specifically, S7 includes: S701: Calculate the adhesion decision parameters based on the data collected by the strain testing device and the data collected by the electronic universal testing machine. The specific calculation method for the adhesion decision parameters is as follows: ； in, This represents the engineering stress on the test specimen obtained from data collected by an electronic universal testing machine. This represents the strain axis strain obtained from data collected by the strain testing device. Indicates the elastic modulus of the strain axis; S702: When the adhesion decision parameter value is less than or equal to the first preset adhesion decision parameter value, the engineering stress is used as the surface coating adhesion of the test sample, and the process proceeds to step S705. S703: If the adhesion decision parameter value is greater than the first preset adhesion decision parameter value and less than or equal to the second preset adhesion decision parameter value, calculate the surface coating adhesion of the test sample using the following formula, and proceed to step S705: ； S704: If the adhesion decision parameter value is greater than the second preset adhesion decision parameter value, calibrate the electronic universal testing machine and retest the surface coating adhesion of the test sample. S705: Output the surface coating adhesion of the test sample; S706: Based on the measured surface coating adhesion, the surface coating strain of the test sample. The calculation method is as follows: ； ； in, This indicates the matrix thickness of the sample to be tested. Indicates intermediate variables. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the strain axis. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the bonding seat. Indicates the height of the adhesive base. Indicates the height of the strain axis. Indicates the adhesion of the surface coating. This indicates the thickness of the surface coating on the sample being tested. This represents the matrix elastic modulus of the sample to be tested.

2. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first cylinder is more than twice the diameter of the bonding seat.

3. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first opening forms an arc-shaped area on both sides of the second cylinder; The cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region is more than twice the area of ​​the bottom surface of the bonding seat: ； ； ； in, This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the arc-shaped region. Represents pi (π). Indicates the radius of the bottom surface of the bonding seat. This represents the radius of the base of the second cylinder. This indicates the radian of the arc corresponding to the arc-shaped region. Represents the sine function. This represents the central angle of the arc corresponding to the arc-shaped region.

4. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific dimensional constraint on the bottom diameter of the strain shaft is as follows: ； ； in, Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the strain axis. This represents the axial force acting on the strain axis during the application of force by the electronic universal testing machine. This indicates the maximum adhesion of the test sample. This indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the bonding seat.

5. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific dimensional constraints of the chuck are as follows: ； ； ； ； ； in, This indicates the contact area between the chuck and the first port. Indicates the area of ​​the chuck's bottom surface. Indicates the radius of the chuck's bottom surface. This represents the radius of the base of the second cylinder. Indicates the width of the first opening. Indicates the diameter of the chuck bottom surface. Indicates the height of the first opening. Indicates chuck height, This indicates the curvature of the arc corresponding to the contact surface between the first port and the chuck. This indicates the central angle of the arc corresponding to the contact surface between the first port and the chuck. .

6. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific dimensional constraints of the strain axis are as follows: ； ； in, Indicates the width of the second opening. Indicates the diameter of the bottom surface of the strain axis. Indicates the height of the strain axis. This indicates the height of the second opening.

7. The test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific dimensional constraints of the bonding seat are as follows: ； in, Indicates the height of the bonding seat.

8. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, S1 is: The test sample is attached to the quick-release test base and left to stand for a preset time to obtain the sample module, wherein the centers of the planes containing the quick-release test base of the first test component, the test sample, and the quick-release test base of the second test component are coaxial.

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