Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display module and a display device.The display module comprises a display panel and an optical film located on the light emitting side of the display panel, the optical film comprises a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and the first substrate is arranged between the display panel and the second substrate; the light condensation assemblies are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate in the first direction; the light modulation assemblies are arranged between the light condensation assemblies and the second substrate, and the light modulation assemblies and the light condensation assemblies are arranged alternately; the light modulation component at least has a scattering state and a first transparent state; in the scattering state, the light modulation assembly scatters light from the display panel; in the first transparent state, the light modulation assembly transmits light from the display panel. According to the invention, the peep-proof visual angle of the display module can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display, and in particular, to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, after a display panel is fabricated, an optical film is typically applied to the light-emitting surface of the display panel to form a display module. This optical film can be used for privacy protection and other purposes. However, after conventional optical films are applied to the display panel, the privacy protection viewing angle of the display module cannot be adjusted.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a display module and a display device to at least solve the problem of the non-adjustable anti-peeping viewing angle of the existing display module.

[0005] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, comprising a display panel and an optical film located on a light-emitting side of the display panel, the optical film comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, the first substrate being arranged between the display panel and the second substrate; a plurality of light-focusing components, the light-focusing components being arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate along a first direction; a plurality of light-modulating components, the light-modulating components being arranged between the light-focusing components and the second substrate, and the light-modulating components and the light-focusing components being arranged alternately; the light-modulating components having at least a scattering state and a first transparent state; in the scattering state, the light-modulating components scatter light from the display panel; in the first transparent state, the light-modulating components transmit light from the display panel.

[0006] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device including the above-mentioned display module.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has at least the following technical effects:

[0008] The display module and display device disclosed herein provide a novel optical film located on the light-emitting side of a display panel. Light modulating components and focusing components are alternately arranged between a first substrate and a second substrate of the optical film. The focusing components are used to focus light emitted from the display panel and incident on the optical film through the first substrate toward the center, thereby increasing the central viewing angle brightness of the display module and reducing the oblique viewing angle brightness of the display module, thereby providing an anti-peeping function for the display panel. Because the light modulating component has a scattering state and a first transparent state, in the first transparent state, the light modulating component transmits light from the display panel, i.e., the focusing component, and has no effect on the angle of the light, so that the display module has a smaller anti-peeping viewing angle under the action of the focusing component alone. In the scattering state, the light modulating component scatters light from the display panel, i.e., the focusing component, increasing the exit angle of the light, so that the display module has a larger anti-peeping viewing angle under the combined action of the focusing component and the light modulating component, thereby making the anti-peeping viewing angle of the display module adjustable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an optical film provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of a light focusing assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0013] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another optical film provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of a shading assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of electric field lines of a light modulation component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of three states A, B and C of a light modulation component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a shared hidden display mode of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 9 1 is a schematic diagram of an anti-peeping hidden display mode of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a sharing mode of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a first privacy protection mode of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a first privacy protection mode of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a first shielding mode of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 14 1 is a schematic diagram of a semi-transparent sharing mode of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a transparent sharing mode of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 16 2 is a schematic diagram of a second anti-peeping mode of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a second shielding mode of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of independent control of a shading component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 19 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another optical film provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 20 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another optical film provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 22 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 24 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 25 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a transparent display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 26 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another transparent display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 27 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another transparent display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 28 It is a result schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1000 Display Module

[0040] 1100 Display Panel

[0041] 1200 optical film

[0042] 1201 First Substrate

[0043] 1202 Second Substrate

[0044] 1203 Focusing Component

[0045] 1204 Light Modulation Component

[0046] 1204a Cholesteric liquid crystal

[0047] 1204b Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal

[0048] 1205 Shading Component

[0049] 1206 first electrode plate

[0050] 1207 Second electrode plate

[0051] 1208 third electrode plate

[0052] 1209 Fourth Electrode Plate

[0053] 1210 Fifth Electrode Plate

[0054] 1211 Sixth Electrode Plate

[0055] 1212 Insulation

[0056] 1213 First Insulation Layer

[0057] 1214 Second insulation layer

[0058] 1300 Quarter Wave Plate Film

[0059] 1400 First Lamination Glue

[0060] 1500 Second bonding glue

[0061] 1600 Third bonding glue

[0062] 1700 Fourth bonding glue

[0063] 2000 Display Device

[0064] X first direction

[0065] Y second direction

[0066] Z third direction DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Identical reference numerals in the figures represent identical or similar structures, and thus a repeated description thereof will be omitted.

[0068] The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the specific description do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are simply used to distinguish different components. Furthermore, in the description of this disclosure, the terms "upper," "lower," and the like indicate positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0069] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and features in different embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0070] One aspect, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module 1000. Display module 1000 includes a display panel 1100 and an optical film 1200 located on the light-emitting side of display panel 1100. Optical film 1200 includes a first substrate 1201, a second substrate 1202, a plurality of light-focusing components 1203, and a plurality of light-modulating components 1204. Optical film 1200 can be used for privacy protection and other purposes.

[0071] Specifically, the first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202 are disposed opposite each other, and the first substrate 1201 is disposed between the display panel 1100 and the second substrate 1202. The first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202 are both transparent materials, and can be made of the same or different materials, which is not limited by this disclosure. Furthermore, the first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202 can be made of materials such as glass or plastic transparent substrates based on the hardness requirements of the optical film 1200.

[0072] Specifically, the focusing component 1203 is arranged between the first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202 along the first direction X. Optionally, the focusing component 1203 is arranged on the first substrate 1201. The first direction X is parallel to the plane where the first substrate 1201 is located. The focusing component 1203 can focus the light emitted from the display panel 1100 and incident on the optical film 1200 through the first substrate 1201 to the center, thereby increasing the central viewing angle brightness of the display module 1000, thereby improving the overall transmittance of the optical film 1200. The focusing component 1203 can be made of materials such as PC (Polycarbonate), PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate), and PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrylate). Optionally, the materials and shapes of multiple focusing components 1203 can be exactly the same for easy preparation. The refractive index of the focusing component 1203 is between 1.2 and 3.5. Furthermore, the refractive index of the focusing component 1203 can be any one of 1.2, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 or 3.5, and the present disclosure does not impose any limitation on this.

[0073] Specifically, the light modulating components 1204 are disposed between the focusing components 1203 and the second substrate 1202, and the light modulating components 1204 and the focusing components 1203 are arranged alternately. The light modulating components 1204 have at least a scattering state and a first transparent state. In the scattering state, the light modulating components 1204 scatter light from the display panel 1100. In the first transparent state, the light modulating components 1204 transmit light from the display panel 1100. Optionally, the light modulating components 1204 can be electrically controlled to switch between the scattering state and the first transparent state, and vice versa. The material of the light modulating components 1204 can change its state in response to different voltages to achieve varying degrees of light transmission. Furthermore, after the focusing components 1203 disperse light emitted from the display panel 1100, passing through the first substrate 1201 and incident on the optical film 1200, the light modulating components 1204 in the scattering state can further scatter this light in all directions, thereby increasing the viewing angle of the display module 1000.

[0074] Therefore, this embodiment provides a new type of optical film 1200 located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1100, by alternately arranging light modulation components 1204 and focusing components 1203 between the first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202 of the optical film 1200; wherein the focusing component 1203 is used to focus the light emitted from the display panel 1100 and incident on the optical film 1200 through the first substrate 1201 toward the center, thereby increasing the central viewing angle brightness of the display module 1000 and reducing the oblique viewing angle brightness of the display module 1000, thereby providing an anti-peeping function for the display panel 1100; since the light modulation component 1204 has a scattering state and a first transparent state, in the light modulation component 1204 In the first transparent state, the light modulation component 1204 transmits the light from the display panel 1100, that is, the focusing component 1203, and has no effect on the angle of the light, so that the display module 1000 has a smaller anti-peeping viewing angle only under the action of the focusing component 1203. In the scattering state of the light modulation component 1204, the light modulation component 1204 scatters the light from the display panel 1100, that is, the focusing component 1203, and increases the exit angle of the light, so that the display module 1000 has a larger anti-peeping viewing angle under the joint action of the focusing component 1203 and the light modulation component 1204, thereby making the anti-peeping viewing angle of the display module 1000 adjustable.

[0075] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the display module 1000 further includes: a plurality of light shielding components 1205, which are disposed between the light modulating component 1204 and the second substrate 1202, and the light shielding components 1205 and the light modulating component 1204 are arranged alternately. The light shielding components 1205 have at least a light shielding state and a second transparent state. In the light shielding state, the light shielding components 1205 block light from the display panel 1100; in the second transparent state, the light shielding components 1205 transmit light from the display panel 1100. Specifically, the light shielding components 1205 are arranged below the second substrate 1202 along the first direction X. The materials and shapes of the plurality of light shielding components 1205 can be identical to facilitate manufacturing. The number of light shielding components 1205 can be the same as the number of light focusing components 1203, with each light shielding component 1205 disposed opposite a light focusing component 1203. Two adjacent focusing assemblies 1203 and two light shielding assemblies 1205 disposed opposite the two focusing assemblies 1203 together form a housing space for accommodating the light modulation assembly 1204. Multiple such housing spaces are provided between the first substrate 1201 and the second substrate 1202, for accommodating multiple light modulation assemblies 1204. The light shielding assembly 1205 may be an electrochromic material. Electrochromic materials can be adjusted between a light-shielding state and a second transparent state by varying the voltage applied to them. In some cases, the electrochromic material assumes the second transparent state when no voltage is applied and a black, light-shielding state when a voltage is applied. In other cases, the electrochromic material assumes the black, light-shielding state when no voltage is applied and a second transparent state when a voltage is applied. It is worth noting that the following description of this disclosure is based on the former scenario. Furthermore, the dimensions and shapes of the focusing assemblies 1203 and the light shielding assembly 1205 can be consistent for ease of manufacture, or they can be different depending on practical needs, and this disclosure is not limited in this regard.

[0076] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the optical film 1200 further includes: multiple sets of opposing first and second electrode plates 1206 and 1207, and multiple sets of opposing third and fourth electrode plates 1208 and 1209. A portion of the light modulation component 1204 is disposed between the first and second electrode plates 1206 and 1207, and the first electrode plate 1206 is disposed between the light modulation component 1204 and the focusing component 1203, while the second electrode plate 1207 is disposed between the light modulation component 1204 and the light shielding component 1205. The first and second electrode plates 1206 and 1207 are both perpendicular to the second direction Y. The portion of the light modulation component 1204 is disposed between the third and fourth electrode plates 1208 and 1209, and the third electrode plate 1208 is disposed between the light modulation component 1204 and the focusing component 1203, while the fourth electrode plate 1209 is disposed between the light modulation component 1204 and the light shielding component 1205. The third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are both perpendicular to the third direction Z. The light modulation assembly 1204 disposed between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 and the light modulation assembly 1204 disposed between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are arranged alternately. The second direction Y intersects the third direction Z. Specifically, the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are electrode plates that control the light modulation assembly 1204. The first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209 can be full-surface electrodes. Each set of the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 can also be parallel to each other, and each set of the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 can also be parallel to each other. However, the planes on which the first electrode plate 1206 and the third electrode plate 1208 are located intersect. The voltage difference between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 generates an electric field perpendicular to the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, which is used to control the light modulation component 1204. Different voltage differences can make the light modulation component 1204 have at least a scattering state and a first transparent state, and changing the voltage difference between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 can switch the light modulation component 1204 between the scattering state and the first transparent state. Similarly, the voltage difference between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 generates an electric field perpendicular to the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209, which is used to control the light modulation component 1204. Different voltage differences can make the light modulation component 1204 have at least a scattering state and a first transparent state, and changing the voltage difference between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 can switch the light modulation component 1204 between the scattering state and the first transparent state.In addition, the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are all located in the aforementioned accommodating space, and can all be transparent electrode plates. The material of the transparent electrode plate can be ITO (Indium Tin Oxides, indium tin oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide, indium zinc oxide), etc., and the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0077] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the optical film 1200 further includes: a fifth electrode plate 1210 and multiple sixth electrode plates 1211. The fifth electrode plate 1210 is disposed between the light shielding component 1205 and the light modulating component 1204; and the projections of all light shielding components 1205 based on the first substrate 1201 are included in the projections of the fifth electrode plate 1210 based on the first substrate 1201. Multiple sixth electrode plates 1211 are arranged along the first direction X, with each sixth electrode plate 1211 disposed between a light shielding component 1205 and the second substrate 1202. Specifically, the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 are electrode plates that control the light shielding component 1205. The fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 can be full-surface electrodes. There can be only one fifth electrode plate 1210, and the fifth electrode plate 1210 and each sixth electrode plate 1211 independently control a light shielding component 1205. The fifth electrode plate 1210 and each of the sixth electrode plates 1211 may not be parallel. The voltage difference between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 will form an electric field for the light shielding component 1205. Different voltage differences can enable the light shielding component 1205 to have at least a light shielding state and a second transparent state, and the change in the voltage difference between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 can enable the light shielding component 1205 to switch between the light shielding state and the second transparent state. In addition, the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 can both be transparent electrode plates, and the material of the transparent electrode plates can be ITO or IZO, etc., which is not limited by the present disclosure.

[0078] In some embodiments, when a first voltage is applied between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211, the light shielding assembly 1205 is in a light-shielding state; when a second voltage is applied between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211, the light shielding assembly 1205 is in a second transparent state. Specifically, when the absolute value of the first voltage is greater than a threshold, the electrochromic material of the light shielding assembly 1205 turns black, thereby placing the light shielding assembly 1205 in the light-shielding state; when the second voltage is zero, the electrochromic material of the light shielding assembly 1205 turns transparent, thereby placing the light shielding assembly 1205 in the second transparent state.

[0079] In some embodiments, the light modulating component 1204 includes cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a. Specifically, cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is a special form of liquid crystal phase with a helical molecular arrangement structure, combining the fluidity of liquid crystal with a periodic helical structure. Furthermore, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a can rotate under the control of the electric field formed by the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209. This can scatter light from the display panel 1100, causing the light modulating component 1204 to have a scattering state. It can also transmit light from the display panel 1100, causing the light modulating component 1204 to have a first transparent state.

[0080] In some embodiments, the light modulator 1204 also has a reflective state. In this reflective state, the light modulator 1204 reflects light of any color in the ambient light. Specifically, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a has a structural color and exhibits selective reflection properties at specific wavelengths corresponding to the helical pitch. The light modulator 1204 can control the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a via the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209 to reflect any color of ambient light, thereby allowing the optical film 1200 to appear as a decorative layer with multiple pure colors. Therefore, in this embodiment, the light modulator 1204 has a reflective state, which can reflect ambient light, giving the optical film 1200 a decorative effect, thereby enhancing the aesthetics of the display module 1000. In addition, this embodiment can also solve the problem that the decorative film made of ink material used in the related technology has a high haze, which disperses the light originally narrowed by the focusing component 1203 and seriously deteriorates the anti-peeping effect, thereby improving the anti-peeping effect of the display module 1000, increasing the central viewing angle brightness of the display module 1000, and improving the overall transmittance of the optical film 1200.

[0081] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 As shown, when a third voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 or between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209, the light modulation component 1204 is in a scattering state; when a fourth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 or between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209, the light modulation component 1204 is in a first transparent state; when a fifth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207 or between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209, the light modulation component 1204 is in a reflective state. Specifically, as Figure 7In state A, when the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, that is, the fifth voltage, is 0V, the molecules of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a are in a planar structure, so that the light modulation component 1204 is in a reflective state, selectively reflecting a certain color of ambient light, presenting a pure color decorative surface. Figure 7 In state B, when the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a increases from the fifth voltage to the third voltage, the molecules of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a transform from a planar structure to a milky white focal conic structure, causing the light modulation component 1204 to be in a scattering state, which will scatter the light from the display panel 1100 and make the display module 1000 translucent. Figure 7 In state C, when the fourth voltage is applied to the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a in the planar or focal conic state, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a molecules assume a transparent nematic structure, placing the light modulation element 1204 in the first transparent state. Light from the display panel 1100 is substantially unaffected by the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a. Furthermore, when the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is rapidly reduced while in the nematic state, that is, when the driving voltage is rapidly changed from the fourth voltage to the fifth voltage, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a switches to the planar structure. When the driving voltage is slowly reduced, that is, when the driving voltage is slowly changed from the fourth voltage to the third voltage, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a switches to the focal conic structure.

[0082] When the light modulation component 1204 includes cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, the light modulation component 1204 can have three states based on the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a: a scattering state, a first transparent state, and a reflective state. Combined with the light shielding state and the second transparent state of the light shielding component 1205, this provides at least the following five modes for the display module 1000: a shared hidden display mode, an anti-peeping hidden display mode, a shared mode, a first anti-peeping mode, and a first shielding mode. These five modes are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. To simplify the diagrams, the second insulating layer 1214, the fifth electrode plate 1210, and the sixth electrode plate 1211 are omitted in the following illustrations.

[0083] In some embodiments, as Figure 8As shown, the optical film 1200 has a shared hidden display mode; in this shared hidden display mode, the light modulation component 1204 is in a reflective state, and all the light shielding components 1205 are in a second transparent state. In conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, specifically, no voltage is applied to the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209. At this time, the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is 0V. The molecules of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a have a planar structure and selectively reflect ambient light, presenting a pure-color decorative surface. The cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a has structural color and exhibits selective reflection properties at specific wavelengths corresponding to the helical pitch. By controlling the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, various colors can be achieved, thereby presenting a variety of pure-color decorative layers. The optical film 1200 can be filled with the same type of cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, presenting a uniform pure-color decorative layer. The highly transparent, switchable viewing angle decorative optical film 1200 can be filled with cholesteric liquid crystals 1204a of varying helical pitches. In this case, the optical film 1200 can display a colorful or gradient decorative layer, or a simple decorative texture. Simultaneously, no voltage is applied to either the fifth electrode plate 1210 or the sixth electrode plate 1211, rendering the light-shielding component 1205 completely transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is not emitting light, as indicated by the arrows in the figure, ambient light is selectively reflected by the planar-structured cholesteric liquid crystals 1204a in the optical film 1200, allowing the human eye to observe only the decorative colors presented by the optical film 1200. When the display panel 1100 is emitting light, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200, which focuses the incident light toward the center, thereby increasing the brightness of the central viewing angle. The light then passes through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1204a and the transparent light-shielding component 1205, ultimately entering the human eye, where a clear display image is observed. At this point, not only does the display image in the display area of ​​display module 1000 appear above the decorative pattern on optical film 1200, but the decorative pattern on optical film 1200 can also be seen in the non-displaying, pure black background area, achieving a hidden display effect and enhancing the visual experience, user experience, and technological aesthetics of display module 1000. Furthermore, in this embodiment, light from display panel 1100 is slightly dispersed after passing through the planar cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, widening the viewing angle of display module 1000. The transparent light-shielding component 1205 barely alters the viewing angle of display module 1000. Ultimately, the viewing angle range of light emitted from display module 1000 is relatively wide, allowing observers in front of display module 1000, both at normal and oblique angles, to clearly see the displayed content, thus achieving a shared hidden display mode.

[0084] In some embodiments, as Figure 9As shown, the optical film 1200 has an anti-peeping concealed display mode. In this anti-peeping concealed display mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a reflective state, a portion of the shading component 1205 is in a second transparent state, and a portion of the shading component 1205 is in a light-shielding state. The shading components 1205 in the second transparent state are arranged alternately with the shading components 1205 in the light-shielding state. Specifically, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, no voltage is applied to the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209. At this time, the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is 0V. The molecules of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a have a planar structure and selectively reflect ambient light, presenting a pure-color decorative surface. Simultaneously, voltage is alternately applied to the plurality of shading components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211. The electrochromic material of the shading components 1205 to which voltage is applied transforms from transparent to opaque black. When no voltage is applied, the electrochromic material of the shading component 1205 remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is not emitting light, ambient light is selectively reflected by the planar cholesteric liquid crystals 1204a in the optical film 1200, allowing the human eye to perceive only the decorative color presented by the optical film 1200. When the display panel 1100 is emitting light, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200. The light then passes through the planar cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1204a, where it is slightly dispersed. Light with a wide viewing angle is absorbed by the opaque black shading component 1205 and cannot pass through the optical film 1200. Only light with a narrow viewing angle can enter the human eye through the translucent shading component 1205. Ultimately, the viewing angle of light emitted from the display module 1000 is very narrow, and only an observer viewing the display module 1000 from the right angle can clearly see the displayed content. At this point, not only does the display image in the display area of ​​display module 1000 appear above the decorative pattern on optical film 1200, but the decorative pattern on optical film 1200 can also be seen in the non-display, pure black background area. However, an observer at an oblique angle cannot clearly see the displayed content and can only see the decorative color presented by optical film 1200, thus achieving an anti-peeping hidden display mode.

[0085] In some embodiments, as Figure 10As shown, the optical film 1200 has a sharing mode; in this sharing mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a scattering state, and all the light shielding components 1205 are in a second transparent state. Specifically, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, a third voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, and a third voltage is also applied between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209. The voltage drives the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a molecules to rotate, forming a milky white focal conic structure. This disperses light from the display panel 1100, widening the viewing angle range of the display module 1000. Simultaneously, no voltage is applied to the multiple light shielding components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211, and the electrochromic material of the light shielding components 1205 remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is not emitting light, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200. The focusing component 1203 focuses the incident light toward the center, thereby increasing the brightness of the central viewing angle. After passing through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1204a in a focal conic structure, the light is dispersed, thereby widening the viewing angle of the display module 1000. The transparent light-shielding component 1205 hardly changes the viewing angle of the display module 1000. Ultimately, the viewing angle range of the light emitted by the display module 1000 is relatively wide. At this time, the display content can be clearly seen from both the normal and oblique viewing angles in front of the display module 1000, realizing a sharing mode.

[0086] In some embodiments, as Figure 11As shown, the optical film 1200 has a first privacy protection mode. In the first privacy protection mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a first transparent state, the partial light shielding component 1205 is in a second transparent state, and the partial light shielding component 1205 is in a light shielding state. The light shielding components 1205 in the second transparent state are arranged alternately with the light shielding components 1205 in the light shielding state. Specifically, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiments, when the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is in a planar structure or a focal conic structure, a fourth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, and a fourth voltage is also applied between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209. The voltage drives the molecules of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a to rotate, forming a transparent nematic structure. Light from the display panel 1100 is substantially unaffected by the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a. Simultaneously, voltages are applied alternately to the plurality of light shielding components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211. When voltage is applied, the electrochromic material of the shading component 1205 changes from transparent to opaque black. When no voltage is applied, the electrochromic material of the shading component 1205 remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is illuminated, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the focusing structure in the optical film 1200. The focusing component 1203 focuses the incident light toward the center, increasing the brightness at the central viewing angle. The light then passes through the transparent nematic cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a. Light from the display panel 1100 is virtually unaffected by the liquid crystal layer. Light with a wide viewing angle is absorbed by the opaque black shading component 1205 and cannot pass through the optical film 1200. Only light with a narrow viewing angle can pass through the transparent shading component 1205 and enter the human eye. Ultimately, the viewing angle range of light emitted by the display module 1000 is very narrow. Only observers viewing the display module 1000 from the front can clearly see the displayed content, while those viewing it from an oblique angle cannot, thus achieving an anti-peeping mode. In addition, the optical film 1200 of this embodiment solves the problem that the decorative film made of ink material used in the related art has a high haze, which disperses the light originally narrowed by the focusing component 1203 and seriously deteriorates the anti-peeping effect. It thereby improves the anti-peeping effect of the display module 1000, increases the central viewing angle brightness of the display module 1000, and improves the overall transmittance of the optical film 1200. In addition, the color and display clarity of the shared mode and the first anti-peeping mode will not be affected by the optical film 1200.

[0087] In some embodiments, as Figure 12As shown, the first anti-peeping mode of the optical film 1200 can also be implemented in another way. That is, the light modulation component 1204 is in a reflective state, part of the shading component 1205 is in a second transparent state, and part of the shading component 1205 is in a light-shielding state, and the shading components 1205 in the second transparent state are arranged alternately with the shading components 1205 in the light-shielding state. In combination with the aforementioned embodiment, specifically, unlike the implementation method of the first anti-peeping mode in the aforementioned embodiment, the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a in this embodiment maintains a planar structure. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is in an illuminating state, the light from the display panel 1100 will be slightly scattered after passing through the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a in a planar structure. Ultimately, the viewing angle range of the light emitted by the display module 1000 is slightly wider than that in the first anti-peeping mode in the aforementioned embodiment, thereby making the anti-peeping viewing angle of the display module 1000 adjustable.

[0088] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 As shown, the optical film 1200 has a first shielding mode; in the first shielding mode, all shading components 1205 are in a shielding state. In conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, specifically, a voltage is applied to all shading components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211. The electrochromic material of the shading components 1205 changes from transparent to black and opaque. Therefore, regardless of the state of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, light from the display panel 1100 is completely blocked by the shading components 1205, and the display module 1000 cannot display any content, thus achieving the first shielding mode. The first shielding mode can completely shield the display content of the display panel 1100, which is suitable for applications where the displayed content needs to be kept confidential from the observer. It can also be used in scenarios where the display module 1000 is exposed to high brightness and high intensity ambient light, which would seriously affect the display quality, to reduce the impact of ambient light.

[0089] In some embodiments, the light modulation component 1204 includes polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b (PDLC) exhibits electrically controlled optical switching properties under the influence of an electric field. PDLC 1204b is a nematic liquid crystal uniformly dispersed in micron-sized droplets within a solid organic polymer matrix. When no voltage is applied, the optical axis of each droplet is preferentially oriented, while the optical axes of all particles are randomly oriented. Because liquid crystal exhibits strong optical and dielectric anisotropy, its effective refractive index does not match that of the matrix (the difference is significant), resulting in strong scattering of incident light. Upon application of an external electric field, the nematic liquid crystal molecules align along the direction of the electric field, achieving a certain degree of match between the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal particles and that of the matrix, minimizing the effect on incident light. Upon removal of the external electric field, the liquid crystal particles return to their initial scattering state due to the elastic properties of the matrix.

[0090] In some embodiments, when a sixth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, the light modulator 1204 is in a scattering state. When a seventh voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, the light modulator 1204 is in a first transparent state. Specifically, when the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, i.e., the sixth voltage, is 0V, the optical axes of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b are in a disordered orientation, causing the light modulator 1204 to be in a scattering state, scattering light from the display panel 1100. When the driving voltage of the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, i.e., the sixth voltage, is greater than a certain threshold, the optical axes of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b are aligned along the direction of the electric field, causing the light modulator 1204 to be in a second transparent state, allowing light from the display panel 1100 to pass through.

[0091] When the light modulation component 1204 includes polymer-dispersed liquid crystals 1204b, the light modulation component 1204 can have two states: a scattering state and a first transparent state. Combined with the light-shielding state and the second transparent state of the light-shielding component 1205, this provides at least the following four modes for the display module 1000: a semi-transparent sharing mode, a transparent sharing mode, a second privacy protection mode, and a second shielding mode. These four modes are further described below with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0092] In some embodiments, as Figure 14As shown, the optical film 1200 has a semi-transparent sharing mode. In this semi-transparent sharing mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a scattering state, and all the light shielding components 1205 are in a second transparent state. Specifically, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, no voltage is applied to the first electrode plate 1206, the second electrode plate 1207, the third electrode plate 1208, and the fourth electrode plate 1209. In this state, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b is in a disordered, scattered state. Simultaneously, no voltage is applied to the multiple light shielding components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211, and the electrochromic material of the light shielding components 1205 remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is in an illuminating state, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the light focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200. The light focusing component 1203 focuses the incident light toward the center, thereby increasing the brightness at the central viewing angle. Light passing through the disordered polymer dispersed liquid crystals 1204b is strongly dispersed, widening the viewing angle of display module 1000. The transparent light shielding element 1205 barely alters the viewing angle of display module 1000. Ultimately, the viewing angle of light emitted by display module 1000 is very wide, allowing viewers in front of display module 1000, both at normal and oblique angles, to clearly see the displayed content, achieving a semi-transparent sharing mode.

[0093] In some embodiments, as Figure 15 As shown, the optical film 1200 has a transparent sharing mode. In this transparent sharing mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a first transparent state, and all the light shielding components 1205 are in a second transparent state. Specifically, in conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, a seventh voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, and a seventh voltage is also applied between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209. In this state, the polymer dispersed liquid crystals 1204b are arranged in a regular pattern along the direction of the electric field. Simultaneously, no voltage is applied to the multiple light shielding components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211, and the electrochromic material of the light shielding components 1205 remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is in an illuminating state, light from the display panel 1100 passes through the light focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200. The light focusing component 1203 focuses the incident light toward the center, thereby increasing the brightness at the central viewing angle. After passing through the disordered polymer-dispersed liquid crystals 1204b, the light is slightly dispersed, slightly widening the viewing angle of the display module 1000. The transparent light-shielding component 1205 barely alters the viewing angle of the display module 1000. Ultimately, the viewing angle of the light emitted by the display module 1000 is relatively wide, allowing observers in front of the display module 1000 to clearly see the displayed content from both the normal and oblique angles, thus achieving a transparent sharing mode. This transparent sharing mode of this embodiment does not affect the vertical brightness or the transparency of the optical film 1200.

[0094] In addition, the viewing angle range of the aforementioned semi-transparent sharing mode is wider than that of the transparent sharing mode, that is, the sharing effect is better. At the same time, the central vertical brightness of the transparent sharing mode is higher. The irregularly arranged polymer dispersed liquid crystals 1204b in the transparent sharing mode will not cause the originally vertical light to be scattered, and the vertical light will not be converted into wide-angle light, ultimately resulting in higher vertical brightness, which is why it is called the transparent sharing mode. When the light modulation component 1204 of the optical film 1200 uses polymer dispersed liquid crystals 1204b, the transmittance of the optical film 1200 in the sharing mode (including the semi-transparent sharing mode and the transparent sharing mode) is higher than 80%.

[0095] In some embodiments, as Figure 16 As shown, the optical film 1200 has a second privacy protection mode. In the second privacy protection mode, the light modulating component 1204 is in a first transparent state, the partial shading component 1205 is in a second transparent state, and the partial shading component 1205 is in a light-shielding state. The shading components 1205 in the second transparent state are arranged alternately with the shading components 1205 in the light-shielding state. In conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, specifically, a seventh voltage is applied between the first electrode plate 1206 and the second electrode plate 1207, and a seventh voltage is also applied between the third electrode plate 1208 and the fourth electrode plate 1209. At this time, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b is regularly arranged along the direction of the electric field. Simultaneously, voltages are applied alternately to the plurality of shading components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211. The electrochromic material of the shading components 1205 to which voltage is applied changes from transparent to black and opaque. The electrochromic material of the shading components 1205 to which no voltage is applied remains transparent. Furthermore, when the display panel 1100 is in the luminous state, the light from the display panel 1100 passes through the focusing component 1203 in the optical film 1200. The focusing component 1203 focuses the incident light toward the center, thereby increasing the brightness of the central viewing angle. The light is slightly scattered after passing through the disordered polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, which slightly widens the viewing angle of the display module 1000. The light with a wide viewing angle is absorbed after passing through the black opaque shading component 1205 and cannot pass through the optical film 1200. Only the light with a narrow viewing angle can enter the human eye through the transparent shading component 1205. Ultimately, the viewing angle range of the light emitted by the display module 1000 is very narrow. Only observers at a straight viewing angle of the display module 1000 can see the displayed content clearly, while observers at an oblique viewing angle cannot see the displayed content clearly, thus achieving an anti-peeping mode.

[0096] In some embodiments, as Figure 17As shown, the optical film 1200 has a second shielding mode; in the second shielding mode, all shading components 1205 are in a shielding state. In conjunction with the aforementioned embodiment, specifically, a voltage is applied to all shading components 1205 via the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the sixth electrode plate 1211. The electrochromic material of all shading components 1205 changes from transparent to black and opaque. Therefore, regardless of the state of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, light from the display panel 1100 is completely blocked by the shading components 1205, and the display module 1000 cannot display any content, thus achieving the second shielding mode. The second shielding mode can completely shield the display content of the display panel 1100, which is suitable for applications where the displayed content needs to be kept confidential from the observer. It can also be used in scenarios where the display module 1000 is exposed to high brightness and high intensity ambient light, which would seriously affect the display quality, to reduce the impact of ambient light.

[0097] In some embodiments, as Figure 18 As shown, the voltages applied between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and each of the sixth electrode plates 1211 are independent of each other. Specifically, since the fifth electrode plate 1210 is used to control all of the shading components 1205, by changing the voltage of each of the sixth electrode plates 1211, different voltages can be applied to each shading component 1205, thereby achieving independent control of each shading component 1205, thereby forming different transparencies for the shading components 1205, achieving anti-peeping function and linear control of the transparency of the shielded area. For example, when only the shading components 1205 of a certain area of ​​the display module 1000 need to be protected or shielded, a voltage can be applied only to the shading components 1205 in that area. Furthermore, if the display module 1000 only needs to be protected on the right side, no voltage is applied to the shading components 1205 on the left, and the shading components 1205 remain transparent. Applying a voltage to the right portion of the shading components 1205 causes the shading components 1205 to change from transparent to black and opaque, thereby achieving regional control of anti-peeping.

[0098] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6The optical film 1200 further includes: a plurality of insulating members 1212. Each insulating member 1212 is disposed between a focusing assembly 1203 and a light shielding assembly 1205. Some insulating members 1212 are also disposed between the first electrode plate 1206 and the third electrode plate 1208, and some insulating members 1212 are also disposed between the second electrode plate 1207 and the fourth electrode plate 1209. The insulating members 1212 disposed between the first electrode plate 1206 and the third electrode plate 1208 and the insulating members 1212 disposed between the second electrode plate 1207 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are arranged alternately. Through the above arrangement, the insulating members 1212 of this embodiment prevent the first electrode plate 1206 and the third electrode plate 1208 from interfering with each other, prevent the second electrode plate 1207 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 from interfering with each other, support and connect the light modulation assembly 1204 and the light shielding assembly 1205, and increase the stability of the optical film 1200.

[0099] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The optical film 1200 further includes a first insulating layer 1213. The first insulating layer 1213 is disposed between the light modulation component 1204 and the light shielding component 1205. The second electrode plate 1207 and the fourth electrode plate 1209 are disposed on a side of the first insulating layer 1213 close to the light modulation component 1204, and the fifth electrode plate 1210 is disposed on a side of the first insulating layer 1213 close to the light shielding component 1205. Specifically, the first insulating layer 1213 can be made of a transparent insulating material. The first insulating layer 1213 of this embodiment is used to prevent mutual interference between the second electrode plate 1207 and the fifth electrode plate 1210, as well as to prevent mutual interference between the fourth electrode plate 1209 and the fifth electrode plate 1210.

[0100] Furthermore, since there is only one first insulating layer 1213 between the second electrode plate 1207 and the fifth electrode plate 1210, and between the fourth electrode plate 1209 and the fifth electrode plate 1210, the distance is close and it is easy for the electric fields to interfere with each other. Therefore, when the electric field is applied, the second electrode plate 1207, the fourth electrode plate 1209 and the fifth electrode plate 1210 are all applied with a 0V voltage, that is, no voltage is applied, and the first electrode plate 1206, the third electrode plate 1208 and the sixth electrode plate 1211 are applied with a voltage greater than or equal to 0V, thereby generating a voltage difference to form an electric field, and at the same time avoiding mutual interference between the driving electric fields of the optical adjustment component and the shading component 1205.

[0101] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6The optical film 1200 further includes a second insulating layer 1214. The second insulating layer 1214 is disposed between the fifth electrode plate 1210 and the light shielding assembly 1205, and is also disposed between every two adjacent sixth electrode plates 1211. Specifically, the second insulating layer 1214 can be made of a transparent insulating material. In this embodiment, the second insulating layer 1214 is used to prevent mutual interference between the first electrode plate and the sixth electrode plate 1211.

[0102] In some embodiments, as Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the focusing assembly 1203 includes a prism; the prism includes one or a combination of at least two of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface, a pentaprism, and a hexagonal prism. Specifically, Figure 19 Taking the light focusing component 1203 as an example, a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface, this embodiment can achieve adjustable viewing angles for the privacy protection of the display module 1000 by changing the prism structure, or the width and height of the prism. For example, replacing a prism with a triangular cross-section with a prism with a trapezoidal cross-section can improve the privacy protection effect. In these embodiments, the light modulation component 1204 can be selected from either cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, depending on functional requirements.

[0103] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 19 and Figure 20 The shape of the light shielding component 1205 includes one or a combination of at least two of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface, a pentagonal prism, and a hexagonal prism. Specifically, Figure 19 For example, the light shielding component 1205 is a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface. By changing the structure of the light shielding component 1205, or its width and height, the viewing angle range of the display module 1000 can be adjusted for privacy protection. For example, changing the shape of the light shielding component 1205 from a triangular prism to a trapezoidal prism can improve privacy protection. In these embodiments, the light modulating component 1204 can be selected from either cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, depending on functional requirements.

[0104] In some embodiments, as Figure 21As shown, the display module 1000 also includes a quarter-wave plate film 1300. The quarter-wave plate film 1300 is disposed between the light-emitting side of the display panel 1100 and the optical film 1200. Specifically, when the light-modulating component in the optical film 1200 utilizes cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, a quarter-wave plate (QWP) film can be attached between the optical film 1200 and the display panel 1100 to increase the transmittance of the optical film 1200 and enhance the brightness of the display module 1000. The principle is that the cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a reflects circularly polarized light with the same helical direction and transmits circularly polarized light with the opposite helical direction. When the display panel 1100 is illuminated, the linearly polarized light emitted by the display panel 1100 is converted by the quarter-wave plate film 1300 into circularly polarized light with a helical direction opposite to that of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1204a. This allows the light emitted by the display panel 1100 to pass through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 1204a without any loss, resulting in a transmittance of the optical film 1200 of up to 100%. In practice, the quarter-wave plate film 1300 can be selectively added based on transmittance requirements. Without the quarter-wave plate film 1300, the transmittance of the optical film 1200 in the shared hidden display mode is 70% to 90%.

[0105] In some embodiments, as Figure 22As shown, the display panel 1100 has two light-emitting sides; the display module 1000 includes two optical films 1200, and the two optical films 1200 are respectively arranged on the two light-emitting sides of the display panel 1100; the display module 1000 includes two quarter-wave plate films 1300; each quarter-wave plate film 1300 is arranged between an optical film 1200 and a light-emitting side of the display panel 1100. Specifically, transparent display is gradually coming into people's view as a current hot emerging technology. The application of organic light-emitting diodes or micro-light-emitting diodes can make the display panel 1100 as transparent as glass, but in certain scenarios with security or privacy requirements, the transparent display panel 1100 is also required to have a shielding effect. The optical film 1200 of this embodiment can be applied to the transparent display panel 1100. In addition to the display mode described above, the first shielding mode or the second shielding mode can also be used to achieve facet control for the transparent display panel 1100, that is, single-sided display, to improve privacy and reduce the impact of ambient light on the transparent display quality. The light-adjusting component in the optical film 1200 used in the transparent display panel 1100 can be selected from either cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a or polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, depending on functional requirements. When cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a is selected, the optical film 1200 can provide five modes for the display module 1000: shared hidden display mode, anti-peeping hidden display mode, shared mode, first anti-peeping mode, and first shielding mode. When polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 1204b is selected, the optical film 1200 can provide four modes for the display module 1000: semi-transparent shared mode, transparent shared mode, second anti-peeping mode, and second shielding mode. When no voltage is applied to the optical film 1200, it is a transparent material and does not affect the transparent display effect of the transparent display panel 1100. The optical film 1200 of this embodiment can be attached to one light-emitting side of the transparent display panel 1100, or, depending on functional requirements, can be used on both light-emitting sides of the transparent display panel 1100. When the light adjustment component of this embodiment selects cholesteric liquid crystal 1204a, the quarter-wave plate film 1300 can be attached between one light-emitting side of the transparent display panel 1100 and the optical film 1200. According to functional requirements, the optical film 1200 can also be used between both light-emitting sides of the transparent display panel 1100 and the two optical films 1200.

[0106] In some embodiments, as Figure 23 and Figure 24As shown, the display module 1000 further includes a first laminating adhesive 1400, a second laminating adhesive 1500, a third laminating adhesive 1600, and a fourth laminating adhesive 1700. The first laminating adhesive 1400 and the second laminating adhesive 1500 are respectively disposed between a light-emitting side of the display panel 1100 and a quarter-wave plate film 1300. The third laminating adhesive 1600 and the fourth laminating adhesive 1700 are respectively disposed between a quarter-wave plate film 1300 and an optical film 1200. Specifically, the first laminating adhesive 1400 and the second laminating adhesive 1500 are used to bond the display panel 1100 to the quarter-wave plate film 1300, and the third laminating adhesive 1600 and the fourth laminating adhesive 1700 are used to bond the quarter-wave plate film 1300 to the optical film 1200. The first laminating adhesive 1400, the second laminating adhesive 1500, the third laminating adhesive 1600, and the fourth laminating adhesive 1700 can all be made of transparent materials.

[0107] In some optional embodiments, the display panel 1100 of the present disclosure may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) panel, a micro-light emitting diode (Micro-Light Emitting Diode) panel, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. It is easy to understand that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and any other display panel 1100 may also be used.

[0108] In some embodiments, the optical film 1200 of the present disclosure can also be applied to the transparent display panel 1100. Take the light adjustment component using polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b as an example. Figure 25 As shown, the optical film 1200 is in a semi-transparent sharing mode, and no driving voltage is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b and the light shielding component 1205. At this time, the transparent display panel 1100 sets one side of the optical film 1200 in a semi-transparent sharing mode, and observers at both sides of the transparent display panel 1100 at normal and oblique viewing angles can clearly see the display image. Figure 26 As shown, at this time, the optical film 1200 is in the second privacy protection mode, and a driving voltage is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b and a driving voltage is applied alternately to the light shielding component 1205. At this time, the transparent display panel 1100 sets one side of the optical film 1200 to the second privacy protection mode. Only the observer at the right angle in front of the display module 1000 can see the display content clearly on this side, and the observer at an oblique angle cannot see the display content clearly. The other side of the transparent display panel 1100 can be seen clearly by observers at both the right angle and the oblique angle. Figure 27As shown, the optical film 1200 is now in the second shielding mode. No driving voltage is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1204b, and voltage is applied to all the light shielding components 1205. The light shielding components 1205 change from transparent to opaque black. The light shielding components 1205 absorb all light incident on the side of the transparent display panel 1100 where the optical film 1200 is provided. Observers on this side cannot see the displayed content. Observers on the other side of the transparent display panel 1100 can clearly see the displayed image at both normal and oblique viewing angles. An optical film 1200 is set on one side, and the optical film 1200 is in the second shielding mode, which can switch the transparent display panel 1100 to a non-transparent display panel 1100. It is suitable for application scenarios when the display content wants to be kept confidential from observers on the side of the display panel 1100 where the optical film 1200 is set, and only observers on the other side are allowed to see the display content clearly. It can also be used in scenarios where the brightness and intensity of the incident ambient light on one side of the display panel 1100 where the optical film 1200 is set are high, which will seriously affect the quality of the transparent display, so as to reduce the impact of ambient light.

[0109] On the other hand, Figure 28 As shown, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device 2000 comprising the aforementioned display module 1000. Display device 2000 can be any product or component with a display function, such as an in-vehicle display device, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a laptop computer, a digital camera, or a navigation system. The specific implementation and technical effects of display device 2000 of the present disclosure can be referenced to the specific embodiments of display module 1000 described above, and any repetitive details will not be repeated.

[0110] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the display module and display device provided by the present disclosure achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

[0111] The display module and display device disclosed herein provide a novel optical film located on the light-emitting side of a display panel. Light modulating components and focusing components are alternately arranged between a first substrate and a second substrate of the optical film. The focusing components are used to focus light emitted from the display panel and incident on the optical film through the first substrate toward the center, thereby increasing the central viewing angle brightness of the display module and reducing the oblique viewing angle brightness of the display module, thereby providing an anti-peeping function for the display panel. Because the light modulating component has a scattering state and a first transparent state, in the first transparent state, the light modulating component transmits light from the display panel, i.e., the focusing component, and has no effect on the angle of the light, so that the display module has a smaller anti-peeping viewing angle under the action of the focusing component alone. In the scattering state, the light modulating component scatters light from the display panel, i.e., the focusing component, increasing the exit angle of the light, so that the display module has a larger anti-peeping viewing angle under the combined action of the focusing component and the light modulating component, thereby making the anti-peeping viewing angle of the display module adjustable.

[0112] The above content is a further detailed description of the present disclosure in conjunction with specific optional implementation methods, and the specific implementation of the present disclosure should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present disclosure, without departing from the concept of the present disclosure, they can also make several simple deductions or substitutions, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: The device comprises a display panel and an optical film located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein the optical film comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first substrate is arranged between the display panel and the second substrate; a plurality of light focusing components, wherein the light focusing components are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate along a first direction; A plurality of light modulating components are provided between the focusing component and the second substrate, and the light modulating components and the focusing components are arranged alternately; the light modulating components have at least a scattering state and a first transparent state; in the scattering state, the light modulating components scatter light from the display panel; in the first transparent state, the light modulating components transmit light from the display panel.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The optical film further comprises: A plurality of shading components are provided between the light modulation component and the second substrate, and the shading components and the light modulation component are arranged alternately; the shading components have at least a shading state and a second transparent state; in the shading state, the shading components block the light from the display panel; in the second transparent state, the shading components transmit the light from the display panel.

3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The optical film further comprises: a plurality of sets of first and second electrode plates arranged opposite to each other, wherein a portion of the light modulation assembly is arranged between the first and second electrode plates, the first electrode plates are arranged between the light modulation assembly and the light focusing assembly, and the second electrode plates are arranged between the light modulation assembly and the light shielding assembly; the first and second electrode plates are both perpendicular to the second direction; a plurality of sets of third and fourth electrode plates arranged opposite to each other, wherein a portion of the light modulation assembly is arranged between the third and fourth electrode plates, the third electrode plates are arranged between the light modulation assembly and the light focusing assembly, and the fourth electrode plates are arranged between the light modulation assembly and the light shielding assembly; and the third and fourth electrode plates are both perpendicular to the third direction; The light modulation components disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate and the light modulation components disposed between the third electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate are arranged alternately; and the second direction intersects with the third direction.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The optical film further comprises: a fifth electrode plate, the fifth electrode plate being disposed between the shading component and the light modulating component; and all projections of the shading components based on the first substrate are included in the projection of the fifth electrode plate based on the first substrate; A plurality of sixth electrode plates are arranged along the first direction, and each of the sixth electrode plates is disposed between one of the light shielding components and the second substrate.

5. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: When a first voltage is applied between the fifth electrode plate and the sixth electrode plate, the light shielding component is in the light shielding state; When a second voltage is applied between the fifth electrode plate and the sixth electrode plate, the light shielding component is in the second transparent state.

6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The light modulation component includes cholesteric liquid crystal.

7. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The light modulation component also has a reflective state; in the reflective state, the light modulation component reflects light of any color in the ambient light.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: When a third voltage is applied between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate or between the third electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate, the light modulation component is in the scattering state; When a fourth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate or between the third electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate, the light modulation component is in the first transparent state; When a fifth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate or between the third electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate, the light modulation component is in the reflection state.

9. The display module according to claim 8, wherein: The optical film has a shared hidden display mode; in the shared hidden display mode, the light modulation component is in the reflective state, and all the shading components are in the second transparent state.

10. The display module according to claim 8, wherein: The optical film has an anti-peeping hidden display mode; in the anti-peeping hidden display mode, the light modulation component is in the reflecting state, part of the shading component is in the second transparent state, and part of the shading component is in the shading state, and the shading component in the second transparent state and the shading component in the shading state are arranged alternately.

11. The display module according to claim 8, wherein: The optical film has a sharing mode; in the sharing mode, the light modulation component is in the scattering state, and all the light shielding components are in the second transparent state.

12. The display module according to claim 8, wherein: The optical film has a first anti-peep mode; in the first anti-peep mode, the light modulation component is in the first transparent state, part of the shading component is in the second transparent state, and part of the shading component is in the shading state, and the shading component in the second transparent state and the shading component in the shading state are arranged alternately.

13. The display module according to claim 8, wherein: The optical film has a first shielding mode; in the first shielding mode, all the shading components are in the shading state.

14. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The light modulation component includes polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

15. The display module according to claim 14, wherein: When a sixth voltage is applied between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, the light modulation component is in the scattering state; When a seventh voltage is applied between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, the light modulation component is in the first transparent state.

16. The display module according to claim 15, wherein: The optical film has a semi-transparent sharing mode; in the semi-transparent sharing mode, the light modulation component is in the scattering state, and all the light shielding components are in the second transparent state.

17. The display module according to claim 15, wherein: The optical film has a transparent sharing mode; in the transparent sharing mode, the light modulation component is in the first transparent state, and all the light shielding components are in the second transparent state.

18. The display module according to claim 15, wherein: The optical film has a second anti-peep mode; in the second anti-peep mode, the light modulation component is in the first transparent state, part of the shading component is in the second transparent state, and part of the shading component is in the shading state, and the shading component in the second transparent state and the shading component in the shading state are arranged alternately.

19. The display module according to claim 15, wherein: The optical film has a second shielding mode; in the second shielding mode, all the shading components are in the shading state.

20. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: The voltages applied between the fifth electrode plate and each of the sixth electrode plates are independent of each other.

21. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The optical film further comprises: A plurality of insulating members, each of the insulating members being disposed between one of the light focusing components and one of the light shielding components; Part of the insulating member is further disposed between the first electrode plate and the third electrode plate, and part of the insulating member is further disposed between the second electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate; The insulating members disposed between the first electrode plate and the third electrode plate and the insulating members disposed between the second electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate are alternately arranged.

22. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: The optical film further comprises: A first insulating layer, wherein the first insulating layer is arranged between the light modulation component and the shading component, and the second electrode plate and the fourth electrode plate are arranged on a side of the first insulating layer close to the light modulation component, and the fifth electrode plate is arranged on a side of the first insulating layer close to the shading component.

23. The display module according to claim 4, wherein: Also includes: A second insulating layer is provided between the fifth electrode plate and the light shielding assembly, and the second insulating layer is also provided between every two adjacent sixth electrode plates.

24. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The focusing assembly includes a prism; the prism includes one or a combination of at least two of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface, a pentaprism, and a hexagonal prism.

25. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The shape of the light-shielding component includes one of a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism with a trapezoidal bottom surface, a pentagonal prism, and a hexagonal prism, or a combination of at least two of them.

26. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The display module further includes: A quarter-wave plate film is arranged between the light-emitting side of the display panel and the optical film.

27. The display module according to claim 26, wherein: The display panel has two light-emitting sides; The display module includes two optical films, which are respectively arranged on two light-emitting sides of the display panel; The display module includes two quarter-wave plate films; Each of the quarter-wave plate films is disposed between one of the optical films and a light-emitting side of the display panel.

28. The display module according to claim 27, wherein: The display module further includes: a first bonding adhesive and a second bonding adhesive, wherein the first bonding adhesive and the second bonding adhesive are respectively arranged between a light emitting side of the display panel and one of the quarter-wave plate films; The third bonding adhesive and the fourth bonding adhesive are respectively arranged between one of the quarter wave plate films and one of the optical films.

29. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The display panel includes LCD, OLED or Micro-LED.

30. A display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a display module according to any one of claims 1 to 29.

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