Automatic operation method based on large hydropower station desilting hole gate opening

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic operation method based on large hydropower station desilting hole gate opening, and relates to the technical field of hydropower station desilting, a control function module is additionally arranged on an original computer monitoring system picture, and the automatic operation process of large hydropower station desilting hole gate opening can be completed through one key. According to the method, the efficiency of opening the sand discharge hole service gate is remarkably improved, the number of equipment operation items is reduced, the misoperation probability is reduced, the operation and maintenance efficiency of a power station is improved, and development of the intelligent power station is greatly promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sediment discharge in hydropower stations, and in particular to an automatic operation method based on opening a gate of a sediment discharge hole in a large hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] The sand discharge hole is an important component of the flood discharge facilities of a hydropower station. It is used to discharge the sediment accumulated upstream of the dam to prevent it from encroaching on the flood control storage capacity and affecting the reservoir's regulation capacity and power generation efficiency. However, the impact of the water flow in a high-head hydropower station is relatively large, and directly opening and closing the sand discharge hole gate may cause damage to the gate, flow channel and dam body. In the existing technology, the opening and closing operation of the sand discharge hole gate mainly relies on manual control, lacks automated processes and real-time monitoring, and relies on human experience during operation. It is easy to cause equipment damage or safety accidents due to operational errors. Before and after each operation step, the operator needs to check whether the relevant equipment is in operation and whether the corresponding conditions are met, which greatly reduces the operating efficiency and wastes too much human resources.

[0003] With the development of automation technology, how to realize the automatic opening operation of the sand discharge hole gate and improve the operation efficiency and safety has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic operation method based on the opening of the sand discharge hole gate of a large hydropower station. This operation method can be used for the automatic opening operation of the sand discharge hole gate of a hydropower station, replacing the traditional manual operation process, and effectively improving the operation efficiency and safety.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: an automatic operation method based on opening the sand discharge hole gate of a large hydropower station is characterized in that it includes the following steps: Step 1: When receiving the "opening gate of the sand discharge hole" operation instruction, automatically check whether the sand discharge hole working gate has the conditions for opening operation; Step 2: Reset the "emergency stop" command of the sand discharge hole electronic control system and check whether the exhaust valve and air supply valve are in the fully closed position; Step 3: Start the oil pump of the hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole, delay for T seconds, press the "boost" button, and check whether the system pressure is normal; Step 4: Start the "working gate unlocking" of the sand discharge hole, monitor whether the working gate is lifted to the upper limit position, and then perform the unloading operation to check whether the system is unloading normally; Step 5: Stop the hydraulic pump of the sand discharge hole hydraulic system and check whether the "working gate unlocked", "sand discharge allowed" and "working gate closed in static water" indicators are on; Step 6: Carry out the "working gate closing" operation in the electronic control system of the sand discharge hole, automatically check whether the oil pump starts automatically and the hydraulic system pressure boost is normal, monitor the working gate opening and closing speed, and wait until the working gate closes to the "fully closed position" to see if it is normal; Step 7: Fill the horizontal pressure of the plane water retaining emergency door, lift the plane water retaining emergency door, and check whether the "working gate water opening" light is on; Step 8: Fully open the air supply valve of the sand discharge hole and perform the "working gate opening" operation to monitor whether the hydraulic system oil pump automatically starts, the hydraulic system pressure increase is normal, and the working gate opening and opening speed are normal; Step 9: When the monitoring shows that the "working gate opening" is within a certain range, fully close the air supply valve until the working gate opens to the "fully open position" to check whether it is normal; Step 10: Check whether the hydraulic system automatically unloads and stops the pump normally.

[0006] Preferably, in steps 1 to 10, if the conditions in each step are met, the next step is executed; if the conditions are not met, the process is exited and an alarm is issued.

[0007] Preferably, each sand discharge hole in step 1 is provided with two gates, namely a plane water retaining emergency gate and a working gate; under normal circumstances, water is retained by the plane water retaining emergency gate.

[0008] Preferably, the conditions for the sand discharge hole working gate to be able to open the gate in step 1 are: 1) The electronic control system and hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole are in normal standby mode; 2) The emergency door for retaining water on the upstream side of the sand discharge hole has indeed fallen; 3) The water retaining gate downstream of the sand discharge hole has been raised; 4) The working gates of the sand discharge holes are fully closed; 5) The mechanical lock of the sand discharge hole has been released; 6) The hoist cylinder and hydraulic system are normal and leak-free; 7) All pressure gauges, pressure relays, valves and pipelines are in good condition, without leakage, and valves are in the correct position; 8) The oil level and oil temperature in the oil tank are within the normal operating range; 9) The gate opening indication on the monitoring system is normal and there is no fault alarm information.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole in step 3 is composed of a hydraulic pump station, a cylinder side valve block, a high-level oil tank, a hydraulic pipeline system and corresponding components; The hydraulic pump station is the driving mechanism of the hydraulic gate hoist. The overall layout of the gate hoist is a single lifting point, a front flange fixed support, and a double-acting oil cylinder. The gate hoist oil cylinder is provided with a cylinder side pressure-maintaining safety valve block, which is used to maintain pressure and lock after opening, and has the function of protecting the gate hoist from accidents caused by pipeline rupture during the gate opening and closing process; each gate hoist is equipped with a gate opening meter and a set of position proximity switches. The position proximity switch detects the position of the working door by linking the lifting and lowering of the guide rod on the side of the oil cylinder. It has two positions: "upper limit position" and "fully closed position". When in place, it sends a switch signal to participate in the control of the gate hoist.

[0010] Preferably, each hydraulic pump station in step 3 is equipped with a high-level oil tank replenishing pump to replenish oil to the rodless chamber of the cylinder to compensate for the leakage of the cylinder and the hydraulic system when the gate is in the open state, and avoid the negative pressure generated in the rodless chamber of the cylinder, which may cause damage to the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the specific control process of the high-level fuel tank charge pump is: First, determine whether there is a fault. If not, continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is high. If so, stop the fuel pump. If the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level, the oil replenishment pump stops; if it is at a low level, it continues to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a low level; if it is at a low level, the oil replenishment pump starts and continues until the oil replenishment pump stops; if not, it returns to continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level.

[0012] Preferably, the value of T in step 3 is 15.

[0013] Preferably, in step 9, when the "working gate opening" is monitored to be within a certain range, fully closing the air supply valve means: two ventilation pipes are buried from the sand discharge hole flow channel to the tailwater platform, and two ventilation electric valves are provided on the pipelines to reduce the negative pressure in the gate area during the opening and closing process of the working gate, avoid cavitation damage in the gate area, and reduce vibration during the opening and closing process of the gate.

[0014] Preferably, the optimal time to close the air supply valve is affected by the upstream and downstream water levels, the inflow flow, and the characteristics of the sand discharge hole itself. The optimal time to close the air supply valve is different for different equipment.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes an automated gate opening method for large hydropower station desilting holes, aiming to address the existing challenges of complex gate opening and closing operations, low automation, and insufficient safety. By adding a control module to the existing computer monitoring system, this method enables a single-click automated operation of the desilting hole gate opening process at large hydropower stations. This significantly improves gate opening efficiency, reduces the number of equipment operations, lowers the probability of misoperation, and enhances power station operation and maintenance efficiency, significantly promoting the development of smart power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of an automatic operation method for opening a sluice gate of a large hydropower station.

[0018] Figure 2 The sand discharge hole gate of the present invention has the conditions for opening operation.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the high-level fuel tank charge pump control program of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example 1: The present invention relates to the technical field of automated operation of hydropower station equipment, and in particular to an automatic operation process based on the opening of the sand discharge hole gate of a large hydropower station, aiming to solve the problems of complex operation, low degree of automation and insufficient safety of the sand discharge hole gate opening in the prior art. The principle sequence for closing the sand discharge hole gate of a large hydropower station is: first close the working gate, wait for the upstream flat water retaining emergency gate to be filled with horizontal pressure, then lift the flat water retaining emergency gate with static water, and then open the working gate with dynamic water. An automatic operation process based on the opening of the sand discharge hole gate of a large hydropower station is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: When receiving the "open the gate of the sand discharge hole" operation instruction, the system automatically checks whether the gate of the sand discharge hole meets the conditions for opening the gate. If the conditions are met, the system executes the next step. If the conditions are not met, the system exits the process and issues an alarm. Furthermore, each sand discharge hole in step 1 is provided with two gates, namely a plane water retaining emergency gate and a working gate; under normal circumstances, water is retained by the plane water retaining emergency gate.

[0022] Furthermore, the conditions for the sand discharge hole working gate to be able to open the gate in step 1 are: 1) the sand discharge hole electronic control system and hydraulic system are in normal standby; 2) the upstream plane water retaining emergency door of the sand discharge hole has indeed fallen; 3) the downstream water retaining door of the sand discharge hole has indeed been lifted; 4) the sand discharge hole working gate has indeed been fully closed; 5) the sand discharge hole mechanical lock has indeed been released; 6) the hoist cylinder and hydraulic system are normal and leak-free; 7) all pressure gauges, pressure relays, valves, and pipelines are intact, leak-free, and the valve position is correct; 8) the oil level and oil temperature in the oil tank are within the normal working range; 9) the gate opening indication on the monitoring system is normal, and there is no fault alarm information; for details, please refer to the attached Figure 2 shown.

[0023] Step 2: Reset the "emergency stop" command of the sand discharge hole electronic control system and check whether the exhaust valve and air supply valve are in the fully closed position. If the conditions are met, proceed to the next step. If the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm. Step 3: Start the hydraulic system oil pump of the sand discharge hole, delay for 15 seconds, press the "boost" button, and check whether the system pressure is normal; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Furthermore, the hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole in step 3 is composed of a hydraulic pump station, a cylinder-side valve block, a high-level oil tank, a hydraulic piping system and corresponding components. The hydraulic pump station is the driving mechanism of the hydraulic gate hoist. The overall layout of the gate hoist is a single lifting point, a front flange fixed support, and a double-acting oil cylinder. The gate hoist oil cylinder is provided with a cylinder-side pressure-maintaining safety valve block for maintaining pressure and locking after opening, and has the function of protecting the gate hoist from accidents caused by pipeline rupture during the gate opening and closing process. Each gate hoist is equipped with a gate opening meter and a set of position proximity switches. The position proximity switch detects the position of the working door by linking the lifting and lowering of the guide rod on the side of the oil cylinder. It has two positions: "upper limit position" and "fully closed position". When in place, it sends a switch signal to participate in the control of the gate hoist.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 3, each hydraulic pump station is equipped with a high-level oil tank oil replenishment pump, which is used to replenish oil to the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder to compensate for the leakage of the oil cylinder and the hydraulic system when the gate is open, and to avoid the negative pressure generated by the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, which may cause damage to the oil cylinder. The control program flow of the high-level oil tank oil replenishment pump is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 shown.

[0025] Furthermore, the specific control process of the high-level fuel tank charge pump is as follows: First, determine whether there is a fault. If not, continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is high. If so, stop the fuel pump. If the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level, the oil replenishment pump stops; if it is at a low level, it continues to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a low level; if it is at a low level, the oil replenishment pump starts and continues until the oil replenishment pump stops; if not, it returns to continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level.

[0026] Step 4: Start the "working gate unlocking" of the sand discharge hole, monitor whether the working gate is lifted to the upper limit position, and then perform the unloading operation to check whether the system is unloading normally; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Step 5: Stop the hydraulic pump of the sand discharge hole hydraulic system and check whether the "working gate unlocked", "sand discharge allowed", and "working gate closed with static water" indicators are on; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if not, exit the process and issue an alarm; Step 6: Carry out the "working gate closing" operation in the sand discharge hole electronic control system, automatically check whether the oil pump starts automatically and the hydraulic system pressure is normal, monitor the working gate opening and closing speed, and wait until the working gate closes to the "fully closed position" to see if it is normal; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Step 7: Inflate the horizontal water retaining emergency gate with horizontal pressure, lift the gate, and check whether the "working gate water opening" light is on; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Step 8: Fully open the sand discharge hole air supply valve and perform the "working gate opening" operation to monitor whether the hydraulic system oil pump automatically starts, the hydraulic system pressure increase is normal, and the working gate opening and opening speed are normal; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Step 9: When the monitoring "working gate opening" is within a certain range, fully close the air supply valve until the working gate opens to the "fully open position" to check whether it is normal; if the conditions are met, proceed to the next step; if the conditions are not met, exit the process and issue an alarm; Furthermore, in step 9, when the monitored "working gate opening" is within a certain range, fully closing the air supply valve means: two ventilation pipes are buried from the sand discharge hole flow channel to the tailwater platform, and two ventilation electric valves are installed on the pipes to reduce the negative pressure in the gate area during the opening and closing of the working gate, prevent cavitation damage in the gate area, and reduce vibration during the gate opening and closing process. Because the optimal time to close the air supply valve is affected by the upstream and downstream water levels, the inflow flow rate, and the characteristics of the sand discharge hole itself, the optimal time to close the air supply valve varies depending on the equipment.

[0027] Step 10: Check whether the hydraulic system automatically unloads and stops the pump normally.

[0028] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic operation method for opening the gate of a large hydropower station's sediment discharge hole, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When receiving the "open the gate of the sand discharge hole" operation instruction, automatically check whether the gate of the sand discharge hole meets the conditions for opening the gate; Step 2: Reset the "emergency stop" command of the sand discharge hole electronic control system and check whether the exhaust valve and air supply valve are in the fully closed position; Step 3: Start the hydraulic oil pump of the sand discharge hole hydraulic system, delay for T seconds, press the "boost" button, and check whether the system pressure is normal; Step 4: Start the "working gate unlocking" of the sand discharge hole, monitor whether the working gate is lifted to the upper limit position, and then perform the unloading operation to check whether the system is unloading normally; Step 5: Stop the hydraulic pump of the sand discharge hole hydraulic system and check whether the "working gate unlocked", "sand discharge allowed" and "working gate closed in static water" indicators are on; Step 6: Carry out the "working gate closing" operation in the sand discharge hole electronic control system, automatically check whether the oil pump starts automatically and the hydraulic system pressure boost is normal, monitor the working gate opening and closing speed, and wait until the working gate closes to the "fully closed position" to see if it is normal; Step 7: Fill the horizontal pressure of the flat water retaining emergency door, lift the flat water retaining emergency door, and check whether the "working gate water opening" light is on; Step 8: Fully open the air supply valve of the sand discharge hole and perform the "working gate opening" operation to monitor whether the hydraulic system oil pump automatically starts, the hydraulic system pressure increase is normal, and whether the working gate opening and opening speed are normal; Step 9: When the monitoring shows that the "working gate opening" is within a certain range, fully close the air supply valve until the working gate opens to the "fully open position" to check whether it is normal; Step 10: Check whether the hydraulic system automatically unloads and stops the pump normally.

2. The automatic operation method for opening the gate of a large hydropower station desilting hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In steps 1 to 10, if the conditions in each step are met, the next step is executed; if the conditions are not met, the process is exited and an alarm is issued.

3. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, each sand discharge hole is provided with two gates, namely, a plane water retaining emergency gate and a working gate; under normal circumstances, water is retained by the plane water retaining emergency gate.

4. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The conditions for the sand discharge hole working gate to be able to open the gate in step 1 are: 1) The electronic control system and hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole are in normal standby mode; 2) The emergency door for retaining water upstream of the sand discharge hole has indeed fallen; 3) The water retaining gate downstream of the sand discharge hole has been raised; 4) The working gates of the sand discharge holes are fully closed; 5) The mechanical lock of the sand discharge hole has been released; 6) The hoist cylinder and hydraulic system are normal and leak-free; 7) All pressure gauges, pressure relays, valves and pipelines are in good condition, without leakage, and valves are in the correct position; 8) The oil level and oil temperature in the oil tank are within the normal operating range; 9) The gate opening indication on the monitoring system is normal and there is no fault alarm information.

5. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system of the sand discharge hole in step 3 is composed of a hydraulic pump station, a cylinder valve block, a high-level oil tank, a hydraulic piping system and corresponding components; The hydraulic pump station is the driving mechanism of the hydraulic gate hoist. The overall layout of the gate hoist is a single lifting point, a front flange fixed support, and a double-acting oil cylinder. The gate hoist oil cylinder is provided with a cylinder side pressure-maintaining safety valve block, which is used to maintain pressure and lock after opening, and has the function of protecting the gate hoist from accidents caused by pipeline rupture during the gate opening and closing process; each gate hoist is equipped with a gate opening meter and a set of position proximity switches. The position proximity switch detects the position of the working door by linking the lifting and lowering of the guide rod on the side of the oil cylinder. It has two positions: "upper limit position" and "fully closed position". When in place, it sends a switch signal to participate in the control of the gate hoist.

6. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, each hydraulic pump station is equipped with a high-level oil tank oil replenishment pump to replenish oil to the rodless cavity of the cylinder to compensate for the leakage of the cylinder and the hydraulic system when the gate is in the open state, and avoid the negative pressure generated in the rodless cavity of the cylinder, which may cause damage to the cylinder.

7. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific control process of the high-level fuel tank charge pump is as follows: First, determine whether there is a fault. If not, continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is high. If so, stop the fuel pump. If the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level, the oil replenishment pump stops; if it is at a low level, it continues to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a low level; if it is at a low level, the oil replenishment pump starts and continues until the oil replenishment pump stops; if not, it returns to continue to determine whether the high-level fuel tank level is at a high level.

8. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value of T in step 3 is 15.

9. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9, when the "working gate opening" is monitored to be within a certain range, the air supply valve is fully closed, which means that two ventilation pipes are buried from the sand discharge hole flow channel to the tailwater platform, and two ventilation electric valves are installed on the pipelines to reduce the negative pressure in the gate area during the opening and closing process of the working gate, avoid cavitation damage in the gate area, and reduce vibration during the opening and closing process of the gate.

10. The automatic operation method for opening the sluice gate of a large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimal time to close the air supply valve is affected by the upstream and downstream water levels, the inflow flow, and the characteristics of the sand discharge hole itself. The optimal time to close the air supply valve is different for different equipment.

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