Tunnel rockburst preprocessing method and system based on multi-physics field parameters while drilling

Abstract

This invention primarily relates to the field of underground engineering safety technology. To improve the identification and stress relief of rockburst risk during the drilling process of deep-buried hard rock tunnels through multi-physics field parameters, this invention provides a method and system for pre-processing rockburst in tunnels based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling. The core of this method is: establishing a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock based on multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process; calculating the rockburst risk index using a rockburst risk index prediction model based on an improved D-S evidence theory; determining simulated stress relief parameters based on the rockburst risk index; performing simulated stress relief; determining whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements; if so, performing stress relief according to the simulated stress relief parameters; otherwise, re-determining the stress relief parameters until the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements, and then performing stress relief.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering safety technology, and in particular to a method and system for pre-treatment of tunnel rockburst based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling. Background Technology

[0002] During the excavation of tunnels in deep-buried hard rock, rockburst disasters, due to their suddenness and destructive power, have become a key challenge restricting the safety of the project.

[0003] Current rockburst pretreatment methods, such as local blasting for pressure relief and shotcrete support, have the following shortcomings: ① The early warning methods are limited, relying solely on single stress or acoustic monitoring methods such as borehole stress gauges and TSP seismic wave methods. This fails to comprehensively capture multi-physical field coupling information such as surrounding rock stress, acoustic velocity, and resistivity, resulting in an inability to accurately identify the critical conditions for rockburst under complex stress states. Consequently, the prediction accuracy is insufficient, making it difficult to accurately assess rockburst risks in advance. ② Pressure relief measures are often implemented passively after rockburst signs appear. The layout parameters of pressure relief holes are mostly determined by engineering experience, using fixed spacing and uniform depth. They are not linked with the early warning system and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to real-time geological changes to form a closed-loop control of "prediction-adjustment-implementation," resulting in a problem of delayed and passive pressure relief processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for pre-treatment of tunnel rockburst based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling. The purpose is to improve the prediction effect and pressure relief effect of rockburst risk by using multi-physics field parameters during the drilling process of deep-buried hard rock tunnels.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling, the method comprising:

[0007] A three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock was established based on multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process.

[0008] A rockburst risk index prediction model based on an improved DS evidence theory and a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock;

[0009] During the drilling process, the multi-source physical field parameters are collected according to the set drilling distance, and the rockburst risk index is calculated based on the rockburst risk index prediction model.

[0010] Based on the rockburst risk index, the simulated decompression parameters are determined, and simulated decompression is performed. It is then determined whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements. If so, decompression is performed according to the simulated decompression parameters; otherwise, the decompression parameters are re-determined until the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements, and then decompression is performed according to the corresponding decompression parameters.

[0011] Furthermore, the three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock is as follows: ,in , and These represent the acoustic wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value during the drilling process, respectively. , , These are the weighting coefficients for sound wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value, respectively. Weighting coefficient , , The method for determining it is as follows:

[0012] The rock burst tendency of the rock mass is calculated based on in-situ stress or rock mass damage criteria. ;

[0013] Based on the set initial weight coefficients , , and the speed of sound waves during drilling Electromagnetic response intensity and stress value Calculate and predict the tendency of rock bursts in rock mass ;

[0014] Based on the calculation of rock burst tendency And predicting the tendency of rock bursts in rock masses For the initial weight coefficients , , Make corrections and determine the corrected weighting coefficients. , , .

[0015] Furthermore, based on the BP neural network model, the initial weight coefficients are... , , Make corrections to obtain the corrected weighting coefficients. , , value.

[0016] Furthermore, the rockburst risk index prediction model is as follows: ,in This is the rockburst risk index. The maximum principal stress detected during the tunnel drilling process. The time-delayed uniaxial compressive strength was measured during the tunnel drilling process. Apparent resistivity measured during tunnel drilling. The baseline P-wave velocity for an intact rock mass. The reference apparent resistivity.

[0017] Furthermore, the simulated pressure relief parameters determined based on the rockburst risk index include:

[0018] Determine the rockburst risk level based on the rockburst risk index;

[0019] The pressure relief area, pressure relief hole spacing, hole diameter, depth, and pressure relief pressure are determined based on the rockburst risk level.

[0020] Furthermore, determining whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements includes: obtaining the attenuation rate of the ultrasonic wave velocity and the decrease in apparent resistivity of the tunnel after simulated depressurization; determining whether the decrease in ultrasonic wave velocity and apparent resistivity reaches the set value; if it reaches the set value, depressurization is carried out according to the simulated depressurization parameters; otherwise, calculating whether the rockburst risk index after simulated depressurization is less than the set rockburst risk index; if so, directly increasing the depressurization pressure; otherwise, it is necessary to recalculate the rockburst risk index based on the multi-source physical field parameters collected during the surrounding rock drilling process, and reset the depressurization hole spacing, hole diameter, depth, and depressurization pressure.

[0021] Furthermore, the spacing of the pressure relief holes is calculated based on the critical fracture propagation length calculated using Griffith's fracture theory.

[0022] Furthermore, the method also includes: when the rockburst level is high risk, setting a fracture pressure safety factor, setting an actual pressure relief pressure based on the fracture pressure safety factor and the fracture pressure; when the rockburst level is medium risk, using the fracture pressure as the pressure relief pressure.

[0023] Furthermore, the method also includes: depressurization based on water pressure fracturing, gas pressure fracturing, or laser-induced fractures.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a tunnel rockburst pretreatment system based on drilling multi-physics field parameters, the system comprising a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a guidance control system and an execution module;

[0025] The data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process in the surrounding rock.

[0026] The data processing module is used to calculate the rockburst risk index based on the multi-source physical field parameters collected during the surrounding rock drilling process;

[0027] The guidance control system is used to determine the rockburst risk level based on the rockburst risk index, generate simulated pressure relief parameters, verify whether the simulated pressure relief parameters meet the set requirements, and generate a pressure relief command based on the pressure relief parameters that meet the set requirements and transmit it to the execution module.

[0028] The execution module is used to depressurize according to the depressurization command to eliminate the risk of rockburst.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] (1) The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physical field parameters during drilling described in this invention establishes a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock through multiple physical field parameters during tunnel drilling, and establishes a rockburst risk index prediction model based on the three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock to predict the rockburst risk index during drilling. On the one hand, it can realize the quantitative assessment and accurate prediction of the rockburst risk of the surrounding rock, and avoid the potential fracture development risk being missed under normal circumstances by monitoring with a single prediction parameter. On the other hand, based on the theory of critical fracture propagation length and annular pressure relief zone, it simulates the pressure relief process and selects pressure relief parameters so that the pressure relief parameters are accurately matched with the stress state of the surrounding rock and the fracture propagation law, which can improve the accuracy and safety of the engineering execution process.

[0031] (2) During the simulated decompression process, the hydraulic fracturing pressure formula is used to accurately control the expansion of the fracture along the direction of the maximum principal stress. In the actual decompression process, it helps the fracture to form an effective stress release channel. Through real-time monitoring of ultrasonic and transient electromagnetic waves, it is ensured that the maximum principal stress reduction in the target area reaches the target, and the probability of rock burst occurrence is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 Side view of the arrangement of the annular pressure relief holes in front of the working face;

[0033] Figure 2 A front view of the arrangement of the annular pressure relief holes in front of the working face;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a hydraulic fracturing sealing device and fracturing principle;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of multi-source physical field parameter acquisition.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the rockburst risk index.

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram for setting pressure relief parameters;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of rockburst pretreatment.

[0039] 1-Outline of the working face, 2-Outline of the annular pressure relief zone, 3-Pressure relief hole of the working face, 4-Pressure relief hole on the upper part of the annular pressure relief zone, 5-Sealing device, 6-Hydraulic splitting fracture, 7-Surrounding rock. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The core of the tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling described in this invention that solves the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0041] Based on the establishment of a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock, the types of physical field parameters for measuring rockburst risk during the drilling process and the weight of each parameter are determined. Based on the types of physical field parameters and the weight of each parameter, a rockburst risk index prediction model is established to predict the rockburst risk index. Based on the rockburst risk index, the rockburst risk level is determined. Different pressure relief parameters are matched for different rockburst risk levels. Based on the pressure relief parameters, simulated pressure relief is performed, and it is judged whether the simulated pressure relief result meets the set requirements. If so, the pressure relief parameters are executed according to the simulated pressure relief parameters.

[0042] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling described in this invention mainly includes four stages: multi-source physical field parameter acquisition, rockburst risk index calculation, pressure relief parameter setting, and rockburst pretreatment.

[0043] Multi-source physics parameter acquisition

[0044] A ring-shaped drilling sensor array is installed at the front end of the drill pipe of the tunneling machine. The drilling sensor array is installed within 30cm of the front end of the drill pipe and advances synchronously with the drilling direction. During the drilling process, the drilling sensor array collects physical field data once every set distance.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the drilling-while-drilling sensor array specifically includes: a borehole stress sensor, used to monitor the triaxial stress of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face in real time; an ultrasonic transducer, used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals and calculate the P-wave velocity of the surrounding rock; and a transient electromagnetic probe, used to acquire apparent resistivity. The drilling-while-drilling sensor array can simultaneously acquire physical field parameters such as stress, P-wave velocity, and apparent resistivity of the surrounding rock 0-30m in front of the tunnel face during tunnel drilling.

[0046] Rockburst Risk Index Calculation

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock is first constructed based on the collected multi-source physical field parameters. The three-dimensional geological model is as follows:

[0048] ,in , and These are the acoustic wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value collected during drilling. , , These are the weighting coefficients for acoustic wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value in the three-dimensional geological model, respectively.

[0049] Weighting coefficient , , The weighting coefficients are determined through training with a backpropagation neural network, reflecting the contribution of different physical field parameters to rockburst risk in different surrounding rock types. , , The acquisition specifically includes:

[0050] Define the BP neural network structure and parameters: The input layer of the BP neural network is used to receive the sound wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value. The physical field parameters of the input layer are expressed as vectors. Formal input, number of neurons in the input layer Number of hidden layer neurons The activation function is the Sigmoid function. The output layer outputs three-dimensional geological model indicators. Number of neurons The activation function is a linear function. The output expression is the predicted value. , To predict the tendency of rock bursts in rock masses.

[0051] Preparing training data: The collection group includes Geological sample data, constructing a sample set , Used to identify the groups of sample data The total number of samples, To calculate the rock burst tendency of the rock mass.

[0052] It can be determined and obtained through two methods: in-situ stress and rock mass damage.

[0053] In-situ stress determination and acquisition Specifically, this includes: when the maximum principal stress Exceeding the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock mass When it reaches 70%, corresponding Maximum principal stress Uniaxial compressive strength of rock mass For every 10% decrease, Decrease linearly by 0.2, refer to the following formula:

[0054] ;

[0055] Rock mass damage assessment Specifically include:

[0056] When the ultrasonic wave velocity attenuation rate Apparent resistivity decrease hour, Each reduction wave velocity attenuation rate, Decrease by 0.3.

[0057] If the in-situ stress criterion and the rock mass damage criterion If the difference is greater than 0.3, microseismic monitoring is initiated for supplementary verification, corrected by the micro-fracture event density N (times / m³). ,in This is the value of the geostress criterion. This is the rock mass damage criterion value.

[0058] Weight initialization and hyperparameter setting: , , Assign random initial values , , ~ Initial learning rate Value is 0.01 (adjustable adaptively); Maximum number of iterations. Error threshold .

[0059] Forward propagation and loss calculation: For the sample set... Set of data, calculate predicted values Mean squared error is used as the loss function. , This is the actual value.

[0060] Backpropagation and weight update:

[0061] Weighting of sound wave velocity partial derivatives Weight update formula .

[0062] Electromagnetic strength weight partial derivatives Weight update formula .

[0063] Stress value weighting partial derivatives Update formula .

[0064] Iteration Termination and Result Output: Repeat the forward propagation, loss calculation, and back propagation process until the number of iterations reaches [number missing]. or loss function The optimized weight coefficients are obtained. , , .

[0065] In practical engineering, considering factors such as time schedule, weighting coefficients are used. , , The initial value can be initially selected based on engineering experience and dynamically adjusted according to the rock mass type, such as the typical value for granite. , , .

[0066] Based on the determined acoustic velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and three-dimensional stress value weighting coefficients, a three-dimensional rockburst risk index prediction model is constructed using improved DS evidence theory for spatiotemporal coupling analysis. ,in This is the rockburst risk index. For the maximum principal stress, For time-delayed uniaxial compressive strength, The baseline P-wave velocity for an intact rock mass. The reference apparent resistivity.

[0067] During the drilling process, multi-source physical field parameters are collected according to the set drilling distance, and the rockburst risk index is calculated based on the rockburst risk index prediction model. The simulated decompression parameters are determined according to the rockburst risk index, and simulated decompression is performed. It is then determined whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements. If so, decompression is performed according to the simulated decompression parameters; otherwise, the decompression parameters are re-determined until the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements.

[0068] Pressure relief parameter settings

[0069] When the rockburst risk index When the rock burst risk index is high, it indicates that the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face is in a state of high stress concentration and the rock mass integrity is relatively high, and the rock burst risk level is high. This indicates that the stress state of the rock mass at the working face is relatively mild, and the stress relief parameters are based on the principle of "moderate intervention + cost control," with the rockburst risk level being medium. If the value is 0, it indicates that the rockburst risk level is low and decompression pretreatment is not considered at this time.

[0070] For high-risk areas, such as Figure 6 As shown, the selection of simulation depressurization parameters includes:

[0071] The outline of the annular pressure relief zone, range 2: as shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, with the tunnel face outline 1 as the center, the longitudinal range is 10~15m (covering the risk area + 5m safety redundancy), and the radial radius is... , The tunnel diameter is used to ensure coverage of all potential stress concentration zones. The spacing between pressure relief holes is calculated based on the critical fracture propagation length determined by Griffit's fracture theory. ( The rock fracture toughness (MPa・m¹ / ²). The maximum principal stress (MPa) is used to determine the spacing between the pressure relief holes. Depth and angle of the pressure relief hole: The depth of the pressure relief hole needs to penetrate the stress concentration zone, and is 15-20m (e.g., when the burial depth is 1200m, the stress influence depth is about 12m, and the hole depth is designed to be 15m). The drilling angle is at a certain downward angle to the tunnel axis to ensure that the fracture extends along the high-stress surface. Specifically, the drilling angle is designed to be at a downward angle of 15°-30° to the tunnel axis. The pressure relief pressure is based on the rupture pressure. And the set safety factor for the burst pressure 'a' (a>1) is set as follows: MPa.

[0072] For medium-risk areas, the simulated depressurization parameters include: the depressurization range is reduced relative to the high-risk area to a longitudinal range of 8-12m, and the radial radius... Only the core risk area is covered. Pressure relief hole spacing and depth: Calculation of critical fracture propagation length. Hole spacing (Compared) (Drilling volume reduced by 50%). Hole depth taken as 10m (thickness of stress concentration zone penetrated + 2m safety margin). Pressure relief calculation: If calculated... Since the rock pressure in medium-risk areas is relatively mild, there is no need to set a safety factor for the fracturing pressure; the fracturing pressure of the surrounding rock can be directly used as the pressure relief pressure.

[0073] The depressurization method can be selected according to the actual situation of the project, such as water pressure fracturing, air pressure fracturing, or laser-induced fracturing, to create fractures.

[0074] This embodiment employs hydraulic fracturing technology. Pressure relief parameters, such as the pressure relief range and spacing of pressure relief holes, are set based on the rockburst risk. After connecting the water injection equipment, before starting water injection, as follows... Figure 3 As shown, use the sealing tool 5 to seal one end of the pressure relief hole 3 at the working face to ensure that no hydraulic loss occurs during water injection, and then start water injection, as follows. Figure 3 As shown, when the water pressure reaches the fracturing pressure, the hydraulic splitting fracture 6 extends from the pressure relief hole 4 in the annular pressure relief zone along the direction of the maximum principal stress, thereby effectively reducing the concentrated stress of the surrounding rock 7 in the target area. The water injection time t is calculated using the fracture propagation model. ,in The dynamic viscosity of the rock mass. The target fracture radius is defined as follows. After water injection-induced fracturing, a U-TEM ultrasonic-transient electromagnetic generator is activated to induce the propagation of microfractures in the rock mass through acoustic-electric coupling, which can further disperse stress concentration areas. A 100kHz ultrasonic wave and a transient electromagnetic signal with a turn-off time of less than or equal to 1μs are emitted. The apparent resistivity before ultrasonic wave velocity relief is monitored in real time, and the ultrasonic wave velocity attenuation rate before and after simulated relief is calculated. and apparent resistivity reduction ,when and At that time, it is determined that the fracture development is sufficient and the stress release meets the standard; if it does not meet the standard, the water pressure is automatically increased to [a higher level]. Repeat the cracking process until the target requirements are met.

[0075] Rockburst pretreatment

[0076] Verify whether the simulated depressurization parameters meet the set requirements, and generate a depressurization command based on the depressurization parameters that meet the set requirements and transmit it to the execution equipment for rockburst pretreatment.

[0077] The present invention also provides a tunnel rockburst pretreatment system based on multi-physics field parameters during drilling, the system comprising a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a guidance control system and an execution module;

[0078] The data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process in the surrounding rock.

[0079] The data processing module is used to calculate the rockburst risk index based on the multi-source physical field parameters collected during the surrounding rock drilling process;

[0080] The guidance control system is used to determine the rockburst risk level based on the rockburst risk index, generate simulated pressure relief parameters, verify whether the simulated pressure relief parameters meet the set requirements, and generate a pressure relief command based on the pressure relief parameters that meet the set requirements and transmit it to the execution module.

[0081] The execution module is used to depressurize according to the depressurization command to eliminate the risk of rockburst; such as Figure 7 As shown, the execution module includes the drilling rig's drill arm system and drilling equipment. The drill arm system is driven by a six-axis servo motor, supporting 360-degree rotation and 45-degree pitch adjustment. The drilling equipment is a 76mm diameter hydraulic rock drill. The depth control accuracy is controlled within ±2cm in real time through a laser rangefinder. After the execution module completes a single cycle of depressurization, the tunneling machine continues drilling for 2m. The rockburst risk index is verified by the drilling-while-drilling sensor to determine if it has decreased to a minimum. If the standard is not met, the spacing between the pressure relief holes should be increased to [a specific value]. To ensure that risks are controllable.

[0082] Flexible shotcrete and anchor support should be promptly installed behind the pressure relief zone. C25 fiber concrete (15cm thick) should be sprayed, and Φ22 mortar anchor rods with a length of 3m and a spacing of 1.2m×1.2m should be installed to form a synergistic protection system with the pre-pressure relief.

Claims

1. A tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling, characterized in that, The method includes: A three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock was established based on multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process. A rockburst risk index prediction model based on an improved DS evidence theory and a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock; During the drilling process, the multi-source physical field parameters are collected according to the set drilling distance, and the rockburst risk index is calculated based on the rockburst risk index prediction model. Based on the rockburst risk index, the simulated decompression parameters are determined, and simulated decompression is performed. It is then determined whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements. If so, decompression is performed according to the simulated decompression parameters; otherwise, the decompression parameters are re-determined until the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements, and then decompression is performed according to the corresponding decompression parameters. The three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock is as follows: ,in , and These represent the acoustic wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value during the drilling process, respectively. , , These are the weighting coefficients for sound wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value, respectively. Weighting coefficient , , The method for determining it is as follows: The rock burst tendency of the rock mass is calculated based on in-situ stress or rock mass damage criteria. ; Based on the set initial weight coefficients , , and the speed of sound waves during drilling Electromagnetic response intensity and stress value Calculate and predict the tendency of rock bursts in rock mass ; Based on the calculation of rock burst tendency And predicting the tendency of rock bursts in rock masses For the initial weight coefficients , , Make corrections and determine the corrected weighting coefficients. , , .

2. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, Initial weight coefficients based on the BP neural network model , , Make corrections to obtain the corrected weighting coefficients. , , value.

3. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rockburst risk index prediction model is as follows: ,in This is the rockburst risk index. The maximum principal stress detected during the tunnel drilling process. The time-delayed uniaxial compressive strength was measured during the tunnel drilling process. Apparent resistivity measured during tunnel drilling. The baseline P-wave velocity for an intact rock mass. The reference apparent resistivity.

4. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The simulated pressure relief parameters are determined based on the rockburst risk index, including: Determine the rockburst risk level based on the rockburst risk index; The pressure relief area, pressure relief hole spacing, hole diameter, depth, and pressure relief pressure are determined based on the rockburst risk level.

5. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining whether the rate of change of the multi-source physical field parameters meets the set requirements includes: obtaining the attenuation rate of the ultrasonic wave velocity and the decrease in apparent resistivity of the tunnel after simulated decompression; determining whether the decrease in ultrasonic wave velocity and apparent resistivity reaches the set value; if it reaches the set value, decompression is carried out according to the simulated decompression parameters; otherwise, calculating whether the rockburst risk index after simulated decompression is less than the set rockburst risk index; if so, directly increasing the decompression pressure; otherwise, it is necessary to recalculate the rockburst risk index based on the multi-source physical field parameters collected during the surrounding rock drilling process, and reset the decompression hole spacing, hole diameter, depth, and decompression pressure.

6. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spacing of the pressure relief holes is calculated based on the critical crack propagation length calculated using Griffith's fracture theory.

7. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: when the rockburst level is high risk, setting a rupture pressure safety factor, and setting an actual pressure relief pressure based on the rupture pressure safety factor and the rupture pressure; when the rockburst level is medium risk, using the rupture pressure as the pressure relief pressure.

8. The tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method also includes: depressurization based on water pressure fracturing, gas pressure fracturing or laser-induced fracture.

9. A tunnel rockburst pretreatment system based on multi-physics parameters during drilling, used to implement the tunnel rockburst pretreatment method based on multi-physics parameters during drilling as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a guidance control system, and an execution module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire multi-source physical field parameters during the drilling process in the surrounding rock. The data processing module is used to calculate the rockburst risk index based on the multi-source physical field parameters collected during the surrounding rock drilling process; The data processing module obtains the rockburst risk index by: establishing a three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock. A rockburst risk index prediction model was established based on the established three-dimensional geological model of the surrounding rock. The rockburst risk index is calculated based on the rockburst risk index prediction model; whereby... , and These represent the acoustic wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value during the drilling process, respectively. , , The weighting coefficients for sound wave velocity, electromagnetic response intensity, and stress value are determined by the data processing module. , , include: The rock burst tendency of the rock mass is calculated based on in-situ stress or rock mass damage criteria. ; According to the set initial weight coefficients , , and the speed of sound waves during drilling Electromagnetic response intensity and stress value Calculate and predict the tendency of rock bursts in rock mass Based on calculations of rock burst tendency in rock mass And predicting the tendency of rock bursts in rock masses For the initial weight coefficients , , Make corrections and determine the corrected weighting coefficients. , , ; The guidance control system is used to determine the rockburst risk level based on the rockburst risk index, generate simulated pressure relief parameters, verify whether the simulated pressure relief parameters meet the set requirements, and generate a pressure relief command based on the pressure relief parameters that meet the set requirements and transmit it to the execution module. The execution module is used to depressurize according to the depressurization command to eliminate the risk of rockburst.

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