High-side driving short-circuit protection circuit and vehicle
The high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit designed with discrete devices solves the problem of high short-circuit protection cost in the high-side drive circuit and realizes a fast-response automatic protection function. It is suitable for low-power high-side output drive circuits.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510872530.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
AI Technical Summary
In high-side drive circuits, existing technologies are too costly to implement short-circuit protection functions. In particular, for controllers that only require a single or a small number of high-side output interfaces, multi-channel integrated chip solutions are too costly.
The high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit designed with discrete devices includes a switch tube, an output short-to-ground protection circuit, a switch tube control circuit and a controller. Automatic short-circuit protection is achieved through an output recovery circuit and a short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, with fast response speed and low cost.
The invention realizes automatic protection when the high-side drive circuit is short-circuited, has fast response speed and low cost, and is suitable for low-power high-side output drive circuits.
Smart Images
Figure CN120638253A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] High-side drive is a common drive method in automotive electrical systems. In a high-side drive circuit, a switching element is connected between the load and the power supply. When a control signal turns on the switching element, current flows through the load, thereby achieving on-off control of the load.
[0003] If a short circuit occurs in the high-side driver circuit, it can damage components and integrated circuits. Currently, highly integrated multi-channel integrated chip solutions are used in high-side driver circuits. These solutions integrate multiple high-side driver channels into a single chip, allowing simultaneous control of multiple loads while also providing certain protection mechanisms. However, for controllers that only require a single or a small number of high-side output interfaces, the cost of using multi-channel integrated chips is prohibitive.
[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the cost while realizing the short-circuit protection function of the high-side drive circuit is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit, which can achieve automatic protection when a short circuit occurs in the high-side drive circuit, has a fast response speed, and has a low setting cost through discrete components; the second purpose is to provide a vehicle.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit, the circuit comprising: a switch tube, a load, an output short-to-ground protection circuit, a switch tube control circuit, and a controller;
[0008] The emitter of the switch tube is connected to the power input, the base of the switch tube is connected to the first pin of the controller through the switch tube control circuit, and the collector of the switch tube is connected to the load;
[0009] The output short-to-ground protection circuit includes a first resistor module, a second resistor module, a third resistor module, a first transistor, and a second transistor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switch tube, the base of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switch tube through the first resistor module, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor through the second resistor module, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the switch tube; the base of the second transistor is connected to the first pin of the controller, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the load; the third resistor module is connected in parallel between the emitter and base of the second transistor;
[0010] When the load is short-circuited to the ground, the first transistor is turned on, causing the second transistor to be turned on and the switch to be turned off.
[0011] Furthermore, the circuit also includes an output recovery circuit, which is arranged between the second pin of the controller and the high-side drive circuit. The controller collects the load terminal voltage through the output recovery circuit.
[0012] By setting the output feedback circuit, the controller can detect whether a short circuit occurs in the circuit, and then disconnect the high-side output when a short circuit occurs.
[0013] Furthermore, the circuit further includes a short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, which is arranged between the first pin and the base of the second transistor;
[0014] When the controller detects that the load terminal voltage is within the normal range, it outputs a high level through the first pin, the switch tube is turned on, and the high level is delayed and input to the base of the second transistor through the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, so that the second transistor is in the off state and the first transistor is in the off state.
[0015] By setting the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, it is ensured that the switch tube can be turned on in time when the first pin outputs a high level.
[0016] Furthermore, the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit includes a tenth resistor module, an eleventh resistor module and a first capacitor; the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit is arranged between the first pin and the base of the second transistor, one end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected between the tenth resistor module and the eleventh resistor module.
[0017] Furthermore, an anti-reverse diode is provided on the connection line between the collector of the switching tube and the load, and the cathode of the anti-reverse diode points to the load.
[0018] Furthermore, when the load is short-circuited to a high voltage, the anti-reverse diode is cut off, and the second transistor and the first transistor are in a disconnected state;
[0019] When the controller detects that the load terminal voltage is in a short-circuit to high-voltage condition, it outputs a low level through the first pin to put the switch tube in an off state.
[0020] Furthermore, the switch tube control circuit includes a fifth resistor module, a sixth resistor module, an eighth resistor module, a ninth resistor module and a fourth transistor;
[0021] The base of the fourth triode is connected to the first pin through the eighth resistor module, and the base of the fourth triode is grounded through the ninth resistor module. The emitter of the fourth triode is grounded. The collector of the fourth triode is connected to the base of the switching tube through one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the switching tube through the fifth resistor.
[0022] When the controller outputs a high level through the first pin, the fourth transistor is turned on, so that the switch tube is turned on;
[0023] When the controller outputs a low level through the first pin, the fourth transistor is disconnected, causing the switch tube to be disconnected.
[0024] Furthermore, the switch tube is a PNP type triode or a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor;
[0025] And / or, the first transistor is a PNP transistor;
[0026] And / or, the second transistor is an NPN transistor, and the fourth transistor is an NPN transistor.
[0027] Furthermore, the output recovery circuit includes: a fourth resistance module, a seventh resistance module, a twelfth resistance module and a second capacitor.
[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and a high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit as described in any one of the first aspects.
[0029] The present application provides a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit and a vehicle. The circuit includes: a switching tube, a load, an output short-to-ground protection circuit, a switching tube control circuit, and a controller; the emitter of the switching tube is connected to a power input, the base of the switching tube is connected to a first pin of the controller through the switching tube control circuit, and the collector of the switching tube is connected to the load; the output short-to-ground protection circuit includes a first resistor module, a second resistor module, a third resistor module, a first transistor, and a second transistor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switching tube, the base of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switching tube through the first resistor module, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor through the second resistor module, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the switching tube; the base of the second transistor is connected to the first pin of the controller, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the load; the third resistor module is connected in parallel between the emitter and base of the second transistor; when the load is short-circuited to ground, no additional detection and control are required, and the first transistor and the second transistor are automatically turned on, the switching tube is turned off, and the high-side drive circuit is disconnected, thereby achieving a fast response speed. The short-circuit protection circuit solution only uses discrete components for control and does not involve components such as operational amplifiers, thereby reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 1 ;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 2 ;
[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 3 ;
[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 4 ;
[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 5 ;
[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 6 ;
[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a load terminal short circuit to ground and recovery process provided by this application;
[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a process of short-circuiting a load end to a high voltage and recovering from the short circuit provided in this application.
[0039] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The present invention may also be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the various details in this specification may be modified or altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.
[0042] High-side drivers are a common driver in vehicles, with output currents ranging from a few milliamperes to over ten amps. For high-side drivers with output currents ranging from tens of milliamperes to several amperes (such as relay high-side drivers, Hall effect sensor power supplies, and LED indicator lights), highly integrated multi-channel integrated chip solutions are often used. However, for controllers requiring only a single or a small number of high-side output interfaces, this solution can be costly.
[0043] This application proposes a driver circuit suitable for low-power high-side outputs ranging from tens of milliamperes to several amperes. This circuit features short-circuit protection, diagnostics, and self-recovery capabilities while still meeting low-cost requirements. When the driver circuit's load is short-circuited to ground, the transistors are closed, thereby disconnecting the switch in the driver circuit and achieving circuit protection.
[0044] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 1 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the circuit includes: a switch tube, a load, an output short-to-ground protection circuit, a switch tube control circuit and a controller;
[0046] The emitter of the switching tube is connected to the power input, the base of the switching tube is connected to the first pin of the controller through the switching tube control circuit, and the collector of the switching tube is connected to the load; when the switching tube is turned on, the power input is input from the emitter of the switching tube and output to the load through the collector of the switching tube.
[0047] The switch is a PNP transistor or a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOS). In this embodiment, the circuit is described using a PNP transistor. If the switch is a PMOS transistor, the source, drain, and gate of the switch can be described accordingly. The source of the switch is connected to the power supply, the drain is connected to the load, and the gate is connected to the controller. Detailed description is omitted here.
[0048] The output short-to-ground protection circuit includes a first resistor module, a second resistor module, a third resistor module, a first transistor and a second transistor.
[0049] Among them, each resistance module involved in the present application can be composed of multiple resistors connected in series or in parallel, or can be composed of a single resistor.
[0050] The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switching transistor, the base of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switching transistor via a first resistor module, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor via a second resistor module, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the switching transistor. The first transistor is a PNP transistor or a PMOS transistor.
[0051] The base of the second transistor is connected to the first pin of the controller, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the load; the third resistor module is connected in parallel between the emitter and base of the second transistor. The second transistor is an NPN transistor or an NMOS transistor.
[0052] The high-level voltage output by the controller through the first pin is in the range of 3.3V-5V, and the voltage loaded to the load is more than ten volts.
[0053] Under normal circuit conditions, when the load is short-circuited to ground, the emitter of the second transistor is effectively grounded, and the base of the second transistor is connected to the controller pin. The base of the second transistor is at a high voltage (e.g., 5V or 3.3V), and the base-emitter voltage difference is greater than 0.7V, turning the second transistor on. When the second transistor is on, current flows through resistors R1 and R2, creating a voltage difference between the emitter and base of the first transistor. This voltage divider, through resistor R1, increases the voltage difference between the emitter and base of the first transistor (a PNP transistor or a PMOS transistor) to greater than 0.7V, turning the first transistor on. After the first transistor is turned on, the base and emitter voltages of the first transistor become substantially equal, causing the base and emitter voltages of the switch transistor to become substantially equal (with a voltage difference less than 0.7V), turning the switch transistor off.
[0054] This embodiment provides a high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit. When a load is shorted to ground, it automatically turns on the first transistor, turns on the second transistor, turns off the switch, and disconnects the high-side driver circuit without requiring additional detection or control. This circuit solution utilizes only discrete components for control, eliminating the need for operational amplifiers or driver chips, resulting in lower costs.
[0055] To facilitate the introduction of subsequent embodiments and understanding of the accompanying drawings, it should be noted that in this application, the first resistor module is referred to as R1, the second resistor module is referred to as R2, the third resistor module is referred to as R3, the fourth resistor module is referred to as R4, the fifth resistor module is referred to as R5, the sixth resistor module is referred to as R6, the seventh resistor module is referred to as R7, the eighth resistor module is referred to as R8, the ninth resistor module is referred to as R9, the tenth resistor module is referred to as R10, the eleventh resistor module is referred to as R11, and the twelfth resistor module is referred to as R12. The first transistor is referred to as Q1, the second transistor is referred to as Q2, the third transistor and the switch are referred to as Q3, and the fourth transistor is referred to as Q4. The first capacitor is referred to as C1. The second capacitor is referred to as C2, the third capacitor is referred to as C3, and the fourth capacitor is referred to as C4. The first pin is referred to as GPIO1, and the second pin is referred to as ADC1.
[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 2 , refer to Figure 2Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit further includes an output retracement circuit, which is arranged between the controller and the high-side driver circuit. The controller can detect the voltage at the load end through the output retracement circuit. When the load is short-circuited to ground, the voltage detected by the output retracement circuit is lower than the normal voltage range. When the load is short-circuited to high voltage, the voltage detected by the output retracement circuit is higher than the normal voltage range.
[0057] When the controller detects that the voltage exceeds the normal voltage range or is lower than the normal voltage range through the output recovery circuit, it outputs a low level through the first pin to disconnect the switch tube Q3.
[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 3 , refer to Figure 3 Based on the second embodiment, the high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit further includes a short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, which is arranged between the first pin and the base of the second transistor.
[0059] When the controller detects that the load voltage has returned from an abnormal range to a normal range, it outputs a high level through its first pin, turning on switch Q3. The high level output from the controller pin is delayed by the short-circuit protection delay control circuit before being input to the base of transistor Q2. When switch Q3 is turned on, the emitter voltage of Q2 is high, turning off transistor Q2 and, in turn, transistor Q1.
[0060] If the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit is not set, when the first pin of the controller outputs a high level, the base of Q2 is high, and Q3 has not yet turned on in time, and the emitter of Q2 has no high voltage, causing Q2 to turn on, Q1 to turn on, and then Q3 cannot turn on.
[0061] Therefore, by setting the short-circuit protection delay control circuit, when the first pin of the controller outputs a high level, it can ensure that the switch tube Q3 is turned on in time to avoid the situation where it cannot be turned on.
[0062] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 4 Based on the above embodiment 3, the specific setting of the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit is introduced. Figure 4As shown, the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit includes R10 and R11, and a first capacitor C1. One end of C1 is grounded, and the other end is connected between R10 and R11. Together, R10, R11, and C1 form an RC delay circuit. When the first pin is pulled high, capacitor C1 begins charging. Because C1 takes a certain amount of time to charge, the charging process creates a delay. The specific duration of the delay depends on the specific values of R10, R11, and C1.
[0063] Based on any of the above embodiments, the circuit further includes an anti-reverse diode, which is provided in the connection line between the collector of the switch tube and the load, with the cathode of the anti-reverse diode pointing to the load. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 5 , refer to Figure 5 is Figure 4 The position of the anti-reverse diode D1 is drawn based on the embodiment.
[0064] When the load is short-circuited to high voltage, the anti-reverse diode D1 is cut off, and the second transistor and the first transistor are in the off state. When the controller detects that the load terminal voltage is short-circuited to high voltage, it outputs a low level through the first pin, turning off the switch tube Q3.
[0065] When it is detected that the load terminal voltage is within the normal range, the controller outputs a high level through the first pin, turning on the switch tube Q3.
[0066] The following describes the configuration of the switch tube control circuit and the output recovery circuit using an embodiment.
[0067] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application Figure 6 ,like Figure 6 As shown, the switch tube control circuit includes R5, R6, R8, R9 and Q4, wherein Q4 is an NPN transistor.
[0068] The base of Q4 is connected to the controller's GPIO1 via R8, and the base of Q4 is grounded via R9. The emitter of Q4 is grounded. The collector of Q4 is connected to the base of Q3 via R6 at one end, and to the emitter of Q3 via R5 at the other end. Q4 is an NPN transistor or NMOS tube.
[0069] When the controller outputs a high level through GPIO1, Q4 is turned on, causing Q3 to be turned on;
[0070] When the controller outputs a low level through GPIO1, Q4 is disconnected, causing Q3 to be disconnected.
[0071] The output recovery circuit includes: R4, R7, R12 and C2. Figure 5 In the setting mode, the controller can detect the voltage across R7 through the output feedback circuit.
[0072] In the high-side drive circuit, capacitors C3 and C4 are also provided. One end of capacitor C3 is grounded and the other end is connected between the power input and Q3. One end of C4 is grounded and the other end is connected between Q3 and the load.
[0073] In the above setting, the first pin outputs a high level, Q4 is turned on, current flows through R5 and R6, and the voltage difference between the emitter and base of Q3 is greater than 0.7V, making Q3 turn on. The first pin outputs a low level, Q4 is turned off, and Q3 is also turned off.
[0074] The following two detailed examples introduce the circuit control logic when the load is short-circuited to ground and the load is short-circuited to high voltage.
[0075] Example 1
[0076] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a load terminal short circuit to ground and recovery provided in this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, the following steps are included:
[0077] S101: Program execution begins.
[0078] The controller is powered on and the control program starts running.
[0079] S102: Turn on the high-side output, the MCU pulls up GPIO1, and then Q4 is turned on, and then Q3 is turned on, and the output short-to-ground protection circuit is activated with a delay.
[0080] S103: Check whether the load terminal is short-circuited to ground. If so, execute S104; otherwise, jump to S108.
[0081] S104: The output short-to-ground protection circuit takes effect, Q2 is turned on, and then Q1 is turned on, and then Q3 is turned off because the base and emitter voltages are the same, and the high-side output is turned off. At the same time, the MCU detects the short circuit to ground through the output feedback circuit and pulls down GPIO1.
[0082] The output short-circuit protection circuit is automatically triggered when the load is short-circuited to ground.
[0083] The controller determines whether the load terminal is short-circuited to ground by collecting the load terminal voltage. When this happens, the collected voltage is lower than the normal range.
[0084] S105: Do you want to stop the high-side output? If not, execute S106; if stopped, jump to S109.
[0085] S106: Check whether the short circuit at the load end to the ground disappears. If it disappears, execute S107; otherwise, jump to S105.
[0086] S107: Turn on the high-side output, the MCU pulls up GPIO1, and then Q4 is turned on, and then Q3 is turned on, and the output short-to-ground protection circuit is activated with a delay.
[0087] S108: Do you want to stop the high-side output? If not, execute S103; if stopped, jump to S109.
[0088] Whether to stop the high-side output is determined by other logic of the controller, or the high-side output is stopped only when a stop command is received.
[0089] S109: The program ends and the high-side output stops.
[0090] Example 2
[0091] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a process of short-circuiting a load end to a high voltage and recovering is provided in this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:
[0092] S201: Program execution begins.
[0093] S202: Turn on the high-side output, the MCU pulls up GPIO1, and then Q4 is turned on, and then Q3 is turned on, and the output short-to-ground protection circuit is activated with a delay.
[0094] S203: Check whether the load terminal short circuit to high voltage condition occurs. If so, execute S104; otherwise, jump to S108.
[0095] S204: The anti-reverse diode is cut off. At the same time, the MCU detects the occurrence of a short circuit to a high voltage through the output feedback circuit, pulls down GPIO1, and turns off the high-side output.
[0096] S205: Do you want to stop the high-side output? If not, execute S106; if stopped, jump to S109.
[0097] S206: The MCU continuously detects through the output recovery circuit whether the short circuit to high voltage at the load end disappears. If it disappears, execute S107, otherwise jump to S105.
[0098] S207: Turn on the high-side output, the MCU pulls up GPIO1, and then Q4 is turned on, and then Q3 is turned on, and the output short-to-ground protection circuit is activated with a delay.
[0099] S208: Do you want to stop the high-side output? If not, execute S103; if stopped, jump to S109.
[0100] S209: The program ends and the high-side output stops.
[0101] Through the above two examples, the high-side drive short-circuit protection circuit provided in this application can disconnect the high-side output in time when a short circuit to ground or a short circuit to high voltage occurs, and can restore the high-side output after the short circuit returns to normal.
[0102] The present application also provides a controller that can obtain a load-end voltage and determine whether the load-end voltage exceeds a normal voltage range. If the voltage exceeds the normal range, the controller outputs a low level through a first pin to disconnect the high-side output. When the voltage is normal or an instruction to turn on the high-side output is received, the controller controls the first pin to output a high level, thereby turning on the high-side output.
[0103] The controller includes: at least one processor, a memory, a first pin, and a second pin. Optionally, the device also includes a communication component. The processor, the memory, and the communication component are connected via a bus.
[0104] In a specific implementation process, at least one processor executes computer-executable instructions stored in a memory, so that at least one processor executes the above-mentioned circuit control logic.
[0105] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the present invention may be directly executed by a hardware processor or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
[0106] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory.
[0107] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the control logic of the above-mentioned controller is implemented.
[0108] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily identify other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited solely by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit, characterized in that: The circuit includes: a switch tube, a load, an output short-to-ground protection circuit, a switch tube control circuit and a controller; The emitter of the switch tube is connected to the power input, the base of the switch tube is connected to the first pin of the controller through the switch tube control circuit, and the collector of the switch tube is connected to the load; The output short-to-ground protection circuit includes a first resistor module, a second resistor module, a third resistor module, a first transistor, and a second transistor; the emitter of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switch tube, the base of the first transistor is connected to the emitter of the switch tube through the first resistor module, the base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor through the second resistor module, and the collector of the first transistor is connected to the base of the switch tube; the base of the second transistor is connected to the first pin of the controller, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the load; the third resistor module is connected in parallel between the emitter and base of the second transistor; When the load is short-circuited to the ground, the first transistor is turned on, causing the second transistor to be turned on and the switch to be turned off.
2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit further includes an output recovery circuit, which is arranged between the second pin of the controller and the high-side drive circuit. The controller collects the load terminal voltage through the output recovery circuit.
3. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that The circuit further includes a short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, which is arranged between the first pin and the base of the second transistor; When the controller detects that the load terminal voltage is within the normal range, it outputs a high level through the first pin, the switch tube is turned on, and the high level is delayed and input to the base of the second transistor through the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit, so that the second transistor is in the off state and the first transistor is in the off state.
4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The short-to-ground protection delay control circuit includes a tenth resistor module, an eleventh resistor module and a first capacitor; the short-to-ground protection delay control circuit is arranged between the first pin and the base of the second transistor, one end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected between the tenth resistor module and the eleventh resistor module.
5. The circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: An anti-reverse diode is provided on the connection line between the collector of the switching tube and the load, and the cathode of the anti-reverse diode points to the load.
6. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that When the load is short-circuited to a high voltage, the anti-reverse diode is cut off, and the second transistor and the first transistor are in a disconnected state; When the controller detects that the load terminal voltage is in a short-circuit to high-voltage condition, it outputs a low level through the first pin to put the switch tube in an off state.
7. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that The switch tube control circuit includes a fifth resistor module, a sixth resistor module, an eighth resistor module, a ninth resistor module and a fourth transistor; The base of the fourth triode is connected to the first pin through the eighth resistor module, and the base of the fourth triode is grounded through the ninth resistor module. The emitter of the fourth triode is grounded. The collector of the fourth triode is connected to the base of the switching tube through one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the switching tube through the fifth resistor. When the controller outputs a high level through the first pin, the fourth transistor is turned on, so that the switch tube is turned on; When the controller outputs a low level through the first pin, the fourth transistor is disconnected, causing the switch tube to be disconnected.
8. The circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that The switch tube is a PNP type triode or a P type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor; And / or, the first transistor is a PNP transistor; And / or, the second transistor is an NPN transistor, and the fourth transistor is an NPN transistor.
9. The circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that The output recovery circuit includes: a fourth resistance module, a seventh resistance module, a twelfth resistance module and a second capacitor.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes a vehicle body and a high-side driver short-circuit protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.