Multi-battery LED pulse rapid equalization protection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-battery LED pulse rapid equalization protection system and method, which is connected with a lithium battery pack and comprises an equalization module and a main control module, the equalization module is respectively connected with the lithium battery pack and the main control module; the equalization module comprises N equalization units corresponding to the number of battery sections, and each equalization unit is respectively connected with the main control module and one single battery; the main control module is connected with the lithium battery pack and is used for acquiring the voltage of each single battery and controlling the charging and discharging of each battery based on an equalization trigger condition according to the acquired voltage, the equalization detection voltage and the equalization control voltage of each battery until the equalization control voltage is reached; through the advantages of extremely low resistance value and low heat energy of the high-power LEDs, rapid and efficient energy release is realized, and the problems of inconsistent and unbalanced voltage of the single batteries are solved, so that the service life of the batteries is prolonged, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cell balancing consistency management, and more particularly to a multi-cell battery LED pulse rapid balancing protection system and method. Background Art

[0002] Due to differences in the manufacturing processes of lithium and sodium batteries and different temperature environments, voltage imbalance and inconsistency often occur in the single cells in the battery pack, causing some batteries to be overcharged or over-discharged, greatly shortening the life of the battery pack and even causing safety accidents. Most battery packs on the market have unsatisfactory balancing effects, with small balancing currents and long balancing times.

[0003] Existing equalization technologies mainly include:

[0004] Passive balancing: consumes energy from high-voltage batteries through resistance, and uses high-resistance resistors (such as resistors with low resistance and a very small balancing current not exceeding 10mA) to discharge and reduce the voltage. However, the accuracy is difficult to control, which leads to inaccurate actual voltage detection of the battery cells.

[0005] Active balancing: uses inductors, transformers or DC-DC conversion modes to achieve energy transfer. Although it does not consume energy, it is often accompanied by a decrease in the voltage difference between single cells, and the balancing current will become smaller and smaller. In addition, some solutions balance between two adjacent groups of cells, which takes a long time and is infinitely close to equilibrium, but will never reach consistency.

[0006] Existing passive balancing solutions have very low balancing currents and are only suitable for small-capacity battery packs (such as 18650 cells). However, they have little actual balancing effect on large cells and cannot meet the requirements. Active balancing circuits are complex, unreliable, and take a long time to balance. The closer the voltage difference, the smaller the balancing current, and the worse the effect.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide an efficient and fast passive balancing protection solution for lithium battery packs to achieve fast and efficient energy release and solve the problem of inconsistent and unbalanced voltages of single cells is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system and method to solve some of the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system is connected to a lithium battery pack, comprising: a balancing module and a main control module; the balancing module is connected to the lithium battery pack and the main control module respectively;

[0011] The balancing module includes N balancing units corresponding to the number of battery cells, and each balancing unit is connected to the main control module and a single battery;

[0012] The main control module is connected to the lithium battery pack and is used to collect the voltage of each single cell when the lithium battery pack is charging and discharging, and control the charging and discharging of each cell based on the collected voltage, balanced detection voltage and balanced control voltage of each cell according to the balanced trigger condition until the balanced control voltage is reached.

[0013] Preferably, the lithium battery pack includes multiple single cells connected in series, and the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery pack are connected to a charger during charging and connected to a load during discharging.

[0014] Preferably, each balancing unit includes an LED lamp bead, a PMOS tube, a sampling resistor and a current limiting resistor;

[0015] The source of the PMOS tube is connected to one end of the sampling resistor and then to the positive electrode of a single battery. The drain of the PMOS tube is connected in series with the LED lamp bead and then connected to the negative electrode of the corresponding single battery. The gate of the PMOS tube is connected in series with one end of the current limiting resistor. The other end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the other end of the sampling resistor and then connected to the VC pin of the main control module.

[0016] Preferably, the specific contents of controlling the charging and discharging of each battery based on the balancing trigger condition are:

[0017] Under normal conditions, if the voltage of any one battery cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltage of the other batteries is lower than the balancing detection voltage, the battery cells higher than the balancing detection voltage will be discharged through the high-power LED lamp beads, and the batteries lower than the balancing detection voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached.

[0018] Preferably, the main control module adopts a protection board microcontroller chip, including multiple balancing control channels, each balancing control channel is connected to a balancing unit through a VC pin, and uses odd and even channels to time-share balancing to control the charging and discharging of each battery based on the balancing trigger condition.

[0019] Preferably, the specific content of the time-sharing balancing of odd and even channels is: when multiple balancing channels are opened at the same time, odd channels enter the balancing state after voltage sampling, and even channels enter the balancing state after voltage sampling in the next cycle.

[0020] Preferably, each VC pin of the protection board microcontroller chip is connected to one end of a capacitor CVC, and the other end of each capacitor CVC is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack.

[0021] A multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection method is based on the multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system, comprising:

[0022] When the lithium battery pack is charging or discharging, the voltage of each single cell is collected. If the voltage of any cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltages of the other cells are lower than the balancing detection voltage, the cell higher than the balancing detection voltage will start to discharge through the high-power LED, and the cells lower than the balancing voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached.

[0023] When multiple equalization channels are turned on at the same time, odd-numbered channels enter the equalization state first, and even-numbered channels enter the equalization state in the next cycle.

[0024] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the existing technology, the present invention discloses a multi-cell battery LED pulse fast balancing protection system and method, which realizes fast and efficient energy release by taking advantage of the extremely low resistance and low heat energy of high-power LED diodes, solves the problem of inconsistent and unbalanced voltage of single cells, thereby extending the battery life and improving the safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A circuit connection diagram of the protection board microcontroller chip provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a timing diagram of the time-sharing equalization of odd and even channels provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system. Figure 1 , connected to the lithium battery pack, including: a balancing module and a main control module; the balancing module is connected to the lithium battery pack and the main control module respectively;

[0031] The balancing module includes N balancing units corresponding to the number of battery cells, and each balancing unit is connected to the main control module and a single battery;

[0032] The main control module is connected to the lithium battery pack and is used to collect the voltage of each single cell when the lithium battery pack is charging and discharging, and control the charging and discharging of each cell based on the collected voltage, balanced detection voltage and balanced control voltage of each cell according to the balanced trigger condition until the balanced control voltage is reached.

[0033] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the lithium battery pack includes multiple single cells connected in series, and the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery pack are connected to the charger during charging and connected to the load during discharging.

[0034] In order to further implement the above technical solution, each balancing unit includes an LED lamp bead, a PMOS tube, a sampling resistor and a current limiting resistor;

[0035] The source of the PMOS tube is connected to one end of the sampling resistor and then to the positive electrode of a single battery. The drain of the PMOS tube is connected in series with the LED lamp bead and then connected to the negative electrode of the corresponding single battery. The gate of the PMOS tube is connected in series with one end of the current limiting resistor. The other end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the other end of the sampling resistor and then connected to the VC pin of the main control module.

[0036] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the specific contents of controlling the charging and discharging of each battery based on the balancing trigger condition are as follows:

[0037] Under normal conditions, if the voltage of any one battery cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltage of the other batteries is lower than the balancing detection voltage, the battery cells higher than the balancing detection voltage will be discharged through the high-power LED lamp beads, and the batteries lower than the balancing detection voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached.

[0038] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the main control module adopts a protection board microcontroller chip, which includes multiple balancing control channels. Each balancing control channel is connected to a balancing unit through a VC pin, and uses odd and even channels to control the charging and discharging of each battery based on the balancing trigger conditions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the protection board microcontroller chip used by the main control module can be CM1341 / CM1351 / CM1361 / CM1371 chip. Taking CM1341-DAT as an example, the PCB circuit connection is as follows: Figure 2 ;

[0040] The CM1341-DAT includes four VC pins, VC1 to VC4. Each VC pin is connected to a balancing unit. The source of each balancing control channel, corresponding to the PMOS transistors Q1 to Q4, is connected to one end of the sampling resistors RVC1 to RVC4, and then to the positive electrode of each battery cell in CN2 (CN2 is the battery connector). The drain of the PMOS transistor is connected in series with the LED lamp bead and then to the negative electrode of the corresponding single battery (i.e., the positive electrode of the adjacent battery cell in CN2 in the figure). The gate of the PMOS transistor is connected in series with one end of the current-limiting resistors R1 to R4. The other ends of the current-limiting resistors R1 to R4 are connected to the other ends of the sampling resistors RVC1 to RVC4, and then to the corresponding VC1 to VC4 pins of the CM1341-DAT. Each VC pin is connected to one end of a capacitor Cvc, and the other end of the capacitor Cvc is connected to the VSS pin.

[0041] The VCC pin of CM1341-DAT is connected to the positive electrode and P+ of the lithium battery pack through the RVCC resistor and the diode D1. The VM pin is connected to one end of the resistor RVM, and the other end of the resistor RVM is connected to the P-end. The CO pin is connected to one end of the resistor RCO1 and the gate of the PMOS tube Q6, and the other end of the resistor RCO1 and the drain of the PMOS tube Q6 are connected to the C-end. The DO pin is connected to one end of the resistor RDO, and the other end of the resistor RDO is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube Q5, and the source of the PMOS tube Q5 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube Q6. The VINI pin of the chip is connected to one end of the capacitor CVINI and one end of the resistor RVINI, and the other end of the resistor RVINI is connected to the drain of the PMOS tube Q5. A diode D3 is connected in parallel between the drain and source of 5, a diode D2 is connected in parallel between the drain and source of PMOS tube Q6, the RTV pin of the chip is connected to one end of the resistor RT, the other end of the resistor RT is connected to the RTS pin, one end of the resistor RNTC, and one end of the resistor RDW respectively, the RTS pin is connected to one end of the resistor RNTC, the TEC pin is connected to one end of the capacitor CTEC, the other end of the resistor RNTC, the other end of the resistor RDW, the other end of the capacitor CTEC, and the other end of the capacitor CVINI are connected to the VSS pin, and are connected to one end of the resistor RSENSE, one end of the resistor RPD, and the B-terminal. The other end of the resistor RSENSE is connected to the drain of the PMOS tube, and the other end of the resistor RPD is connected to the diode D3 and the source of Q5.

[0042] In order to further implement the above technical solutions, Figure 2 ,When multiple equalization channels are opened at the same time, the odd-numbered channels enter the ,equilibrium state after voltage sampling, and the even-numbered channels enter the ,equilibrium state after voltage sampling in the next cycle.

[0043] In this embodiment, Figure 2For example, the odd-numbered channels first sample the voltages of the batteries corresponding to each channel. If the voltage of any battery cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltages of the other batteries are lower than the balancing detection voltage, the odd-numbered channels enter the balancing state. At this time, the even-numbered channels wait for sampling. Then, the even-numbered channels sample the voltages of the batteries corresponding to each channel. If the voltage of any battery cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltages of the other batteries are lower than the balancing detection voltage, the even-numbered channels enter the balancing state.

[0044] In order to further implement the above technical solution, each VC pin of the protection board microcontroller chip is connected to one end of a capacitor CVC, and the other end of each capacitor CVC is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack.

[0045] A multi-cell battery LED pulse fast balancing protection method is based on a multi-cell battery LED pulse fast balancing protection system, comprising:

[0046] When the lithium battery pack is charging or discharging, the voltage of each single cell is collected. If the voltage of any cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltages of the other cells are lower than the balancing detection voltage, the cell higher than the balancing detection voltage will start to discharge through the high-power LED, and the cells lower than the balancing voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached.

[0047] When multiple equalization channels are turned on at the same time, odd-numbered channels enter the equalization state first, and even-numbered channels enter the equalization state in the next cycle.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-cell LED pulse fast equalization protection system connected to a lithium battery pack, characterized in that: include: Balancing module and main control module; The balancing module is connected to the lithium battery pack and the main control module respectively; The balancing module includes N balancing units corresponding to the number of battery cells, and each balancing unit is connected to the main control module and a single battery; The main control module is connected to the lithium battery pack and is used to collect the voltage of each single cell when the lithium battery pack is charging and discharging, and control the charging and discharging of each cell based on the collected voltage, balanced detection voltage and balanced control voltage of each cell according to the balanced trigger condition until the balanced control voltage is reached.

2. A multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lithium battery pack includes multiple single cells connected in series. The positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery pack are connected to the charger during charging and to the load during discharging.

3. The multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each balancing unit includes an LED lamp bead, a PMOS tube, a sampling resistor and a current limiting resistor; The source of the PMOS tube is connected to one end of the sampling resistor and then to the positive electrode of a single battery. The drain of the PMOS tube is connected in series with the LED lamp bead and then connected to the negative electrode of the corresponding single battery. The gate of the PMOS tube is connected in series with one end of the current limiting resistor. The other end of the current limiting resistor is connected to the other end of the sampling resistor and then connected to the VC pin of the main control module.

4. The multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific contents of controlling the charge and discharge of each battery based on the balancing trigger conditions are as follows: Under normal conditions, if the voltage of any one battery cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltage of the other batteries is lower than the balancing detection voltage, the battery cells higher than the balancing detection voltage will be discharged through the high-power LED lamp beads, and the batteries lower than the balancing detection voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached.

5. The multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main control module uses a protection board microcontroller chip, including multiple balancing control channels. Each balancing control channel is connected to a balancing unit through a VC pin. Based on the balancing trigger conditions, odd and even channels are used to control the charging and discharging of each battery in a time-sharing balancing manner.

6. The multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific content of odd-even channel time-sharing equalization is: when multiple equalization channels are opened at the same time, the odd-numbered channels enter the equalization state after voltage sampling, and the even-numbered channels enter the equalization state after voltage sampling in the next cycle.

7. The multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each VC pin of the protection board microcontroller chip is connected to one end of a capacitor CVC, and the other end of each capacitor CVC is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack.

8. A multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection method, characterized in that: A multi-cell LED pulse fast balancing protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: When the lithium battery pack is charging or discharging, the voltage of each single cell is collected. If the voltage of any cell is higher than the balancing detection voltage and the voltages of the other cells are lower than the balancing detection voltage, the cell higher than the balancing detection voltage will start to discharge through the high-power LED, and the cells lower than the balancing voltage will continue to charge until the balancing control voltage is reached. When multiple equalization channels are turned on at the same time, odd-numbered channels enter the equalization state first, and even-numbered channels enter the equalization state in the next cycle.

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