Biochemically degradable solid waste treatment device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, and provides a biochemically degradable solid waste treatment device and a using method thereof.The biochemically degradable solid waste treatment device comprises a shell, a feeding hopper is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the shell, a sludge guide-in pipe is fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the shell, and a paddle type stirring mechanism is arranged at one end of the inner side of the shell; the outlet end of the shell is fixedly connected with a discharging pipe, the outlet end of the discharging pipe is fixedly connected with a fermentation tank, the inner side of the shell is provided with a pretreatment mechanism, the pretreatment mechanism comprises a crushing assembly, a material guiding assembly is arranged below the crushing assembly, the outlet end of a feeding hopper is fixedly connected with a bearing plate, and the inner side of the shell is fixedly connected with a supporting seat; the top of the supporting base is provided with a material pressing assembly for extruding and dewatering the organic solid waste. The organic solid waste is extruded and dewatered, so that free water and bound water in the organic solid waste are dewatered to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste, and the problems of high water content, putrefaction and stinking of the organic solid waste are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, and in particular to a treatment device for biodegradable solid waste and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of residents' living standards, urbanization and large-scale industrialization of livestock and poultry farming are developing faster and faster, and the amount of biodegradable solid waste generated, such as livestock and poultry manure, food waste, and pharmaceutical industry waste residue, is also increasing. In addition, as the sewage treatment rate continues to increase, the excess sludge generated by sewage treatment is also increasing. These biodegradable solid wastes not only contain a large amount of organic matter, but also contain some new organic pollutants, such as antibiotic resistance genes. If not properly treated, it will not only cause a waste of resources, but also have a serious impact on the environment and further endanger human health. The organic solid waste can be mixed with the sludge for anaerobic fermentation. The fermentation principle can refer to the "Biodegradable Solid Waste Treatment Method" disclosed in the Chinese patent (Announcement No.: CN113149389B); wherein, the organic solid waste needs to be pretreated before fermentation, and the organic solid waste needs to be crushed to facilitate decomposition by microorganisms; After searching, the Chinese patent (publication number: CN112024035B) disclosed "an organic solid waste treatment device, comprising a shell, a support column, a first gear set, a crushing shaft and a motor, the support column is evenly and symmetrically fixed under the shell, the crushing shaft is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the shell, the crushing shafts are connected to the external motor through mutually meshing first gears, and a collecting plate is fixed on the two side plates below the crushing shaft in the shell, and a drawing plate groove and a blanking groove are respectively opened on both sides of the shell under the drawing plate, and the height of the drawing plate groove is higher than the blanking groove; the blanking groove and the drawing plate are fixed on the two side plates below the crushing shaft in the shell. A vibrating screen plate is slidably arranged in the shell between the grooves, and a protrusion is provided on the vibrating screen plate to be positioned with the shell; a handle is fixedly provided on one side of the plate-drawing groove of the vibrating screen plate, and a mounting bracket is fixedly provided on the upper end of the port of one side of the material-dropping groove; the vibrating grooves are symmetrically fixed, and a driving column is matched in each of the vibrating grooves, and the driving column is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the connecting column through an eccentric mounting plate, and the connecting column is meshed with the second bevel gear through the first bevel gear fixed at the upper end thereof, and the end of the crushing shaft is fixedly provided on the second bevel gear, and the connecting column is rotatably connected to the outer side surface of the shell through the fixing bracket. However, in the process of implementing the relevant technology, this type of patent has certain technical defects. Among them, this type of patent uses a motor to drive the crushing shaft to crush the organic solid waste and then perform anaerobic fermentation. However, the organic solid waste contains a large amount of free water and bound water, which makes it bulky, inconvenient to transport, and easy to spoil and stink, resulting in a reduction in the single fermentation volume in the subsequent fermentation process. It also affects the activity of microorganisms to reduce the fermentation rate. In view of this, the present invention proposes a biodegradable solid waste treatment device and a method of using the same. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a device for treating biodegradable solid waste and a method for using the same, which solves the problem in the prior art that high moisture content of organic solid waste is unfavorable for subsequent fermentation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A device for treating biodegradable solid waste, comprising a shell, one end of the top of the shell is fixedly connected to a feed hopper for introducing organic solid waste, the other end of the top of the shell is fixedly connected to a sludge inlet pipe, one end of the inner side of the shell is provided with a paddle stirring mechanism for mixing sludge and organic solid waste, the outlet end of the shell is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, and the outlet end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected to a fermentation tank, characterized in that a pretreatment mechanism is provided on the inner side of the shell, the pretreatment mechanism includes a crushing assembly for crushing the organic solid waste, the crushing assembly is provided on the inner side of the feed hopper, and a material guide assembly for guiding the crushed organic solid waste out of the feed hopper is provided below the crushing assembly, the outlet end of the feed hopper is fixedly connected to a pressure plate, the inner side of the shell is fixedly connected to a support seat, and the top of the support seat is provided with a pressing assembly for squeezing and dehydrating the organic solid waste by intermittently contacting the pressure plate.

[0005] Preferably, the crushing assembly includes two parallel rotating shafts, both of which are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feed hopper, and both of which are fixedly connected to a plurality of cutter wheels equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the cutter wheels on the two rotating shafts are staggered, and one end of the two rotating shafts is fixedly connected to a gear, and the two gears are meshed with each other, and a motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shell, and the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts.

[0006] Preferably, the pressing assembly includes a pressing seat slidably connected to the top of the support seat, two racks symmetrically distributed along the center of the pressing seat are fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressing seat, the inner side of the shell is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 2, the middle part of the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected to an incomplete gear, the outer side of the shell is fixedly connected to the motor 2, the output shaft of the motor 2 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the incomplete gear is alternately engaged with the two racks through rotation.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure seat is a U-shaped structure, and the vertical section of the pressure seat can contact the pressure plate by sliding.

[0008] Preferably, the material guide assembly includes a mounting frame fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting frame, elastic members are provided at both ends of the fixing plate, the top end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the material guide plate, the inner side of the mounting frame is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft three, a plurality of cams equidistantly distributed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft three are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft three, and the plurality of cams intermittently interfere with the bottom wall of the material guide plate by cooperating with the rotation of the rotating shaft three.

[0009] Preferably, the material guide assembly further comprises a pulley 1 fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 3, one end of the rotating shaft 2 is fixedly connected to a pulley 2, and the pulley 2 is connected to the pulley 1 via a belt drive.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic member includes a sliding rod passing through the fixed plate, the sliding rod is slidably connected to the fixed plate, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the material guide plate, the other end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the limiting block, a spring 1 is sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the spring 1 is in contact with the limiting block, and the other end of the spring 1 is in contact with the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet end of the feed hopper is provided with a water filter assembly, and the water filter assembly includes a water collecting box slidably connected to the bottom of the shell, the top of the water collecting box is fixedly connected to a filter screen, the top of the water collecting box is fixedly connected to a guide block, and the support seat is provided with a slide groove slidably connected to the guide block, the bottom end of the water collecting box is fixedly connected to a bellows communicated with the interior of the water collecting box, the outlet end of the bellows is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe passes through the inner wall of the shell and is fixedly connected to the shell, and a linkage assembly is provided on one side of the water collecting box which intermittently cooperates with and disengages from the outlet end of the feed hopper by sliding with a pressure seat.

[0012] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a slider fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure seat, the slider is slidably connected to the slide groove, the bottom of the slider is rotatably connected to the pressure wheel, the inner side of the shell is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the mounting plate is slidably connected to the pressure rod that passes through the mounting plate, the top of the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the guide seat, the guide seat is a structure that is wide in front and narrow in the back, and the pressure wheel reciprocates in the narrow part and the wide part of the guide seat by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the slider, the bottom end of the pressure rod is hinged with a connecting rod 1, the bottom end of the connecting rod 1 is hinged with a connecting rod 2, the end of the connecting rod 2 away from the connecting rod 1 is fixedly connected to the water collecting tank, and a spring 2 is sleeved on the pressure rod, the top end of the spring 2 is in contact with the guide seat, and the bottom end of the spring 2 is in contact with the mounting plate.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for using a biodegradable solid waste treatment device, comprising the following steps: S1: First, the organic solid waste is put into the feed hopper, and then the organic solid waste is crushed by the crushing component to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste, and then the crushed organic solid waste is guided to the support seat by the material guide component; S2: The pressing component intermittently contacts the pressure plate by coordinating with the start-up of the crushing component to squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, so that the free water and bound water inside the organic solid waste are removed to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste and avoid the problem of high water content and odor of the organic solid waste; S3: The dehydrated organic solid waste falls to the bottom of the shell, and then the seeding sludge is introduced into the shell through the sludge introduction pipe to mix with the organic solid waste. At the same time, the paddle stirring mechanism is started to stir the mixture of seeding sludge and organic solid waste to make them fully mixed; S4: The mixture of the inoculated sludge and the organic solid waste is introduced into the fermentation tank through the discharge pipe for anaerobic fermentation, so that the organic solid waste is degraded by the microorganisms in the inoculated sludge.

[0014] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The linkage design of the crushing component and the material guide component achieves the following effects: the motor drives the shaft to rotate, so that the two gears engage with each other to drive the shafts to rotate in opposite directions. All the cutter wheels simultaneously crush the organic solid waste, and the crushed materials are discharged through the material guide component: the vibration frequency of the guide plate matches the speed of the cutter wheel (controlled by the pulley drive), ensuring that the crushed materials are promptly guided to the support seat to avoid blockage. This linkage design is more efficient than the existing technology and solves the problem of material residue caused by the existing technology relying only on hydraulic rod extrusion and not integrating vibration guide.

[0015] 2. The synergistic effect of the material guide assembly and the material pressing assembly is as follows: When motor 2 drives shaft 2, pulley 2 drives pulley 1, causing shaft 3 to rotate. The cam periodically contacts the material guide plate, causing it to vibrate up and down. The vibration frequency is synchronized with the intermittent motion of the material pressing assembly (the material guide plate vibrates once for every half-turn of the incomplete gear), ensuring that crushed material falls evenly into the material pressing area. Compared to existing push cylinders, this design is more energy-efficient. The elastic reset function of spring 1 also eliminates material adhesion and improves processing efficiency.

[0016] 3. The linkage effect of the pressing assembly, the water filtering assembly and the linkage assembly is as follows: when the pressing seat slides toward the pressure plate (the incomplete gear engages the left rack), the slider drives the pressing wheel to roll along the guide seat. When the pressing wheel moves from the narrow part to the wide part, the guide seat is pressed down, and the water collecting box is pushed to the bottom of the pressure plate through the pressure rod, connecting rod 1 and connecting rod 2, and extrusion and dehydration are performed simultaneously (the dewatered water flows into the water collecting box through the filter); when the pressing seat slides in the opposite direction (the incomplete gear engages the right rack), the pressing wheel moves from the wide part back to the narrow part, the spring 2 releases the potential energy, pulls back the water collecting box, and the dehydrated solid waste falls; this precise linkage (crushing → guiding → pressing → water filtering) ensures "multi-step processing in one operation", which is more compact than the existing technical structure: it solves the problem that the existing technology requires independent driving of the crushing and dehydration units, which has high energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biodegradable solid waste treatment device of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biodegradable solid waste treatment device of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pretreatment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material pressing assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material guide assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water filtration assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage component of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Pre-treatment mechanism; 31. Crushing assembly; 311. Rotating shaft 1; 312. Cutter wheel; 313. Motor 1; 314. Gear 1; 32. Material guide assembly; 321. Mounting frame; 322. Fixing plate; 323. Elastic member; 3231. Slide rod; 3232. Limit block; 3233. Spring 1; 324. Rotating shaft 3; 325. Cam; 326. Material guide plate; 327. Pulley 1; 328. Pulley 2; 33. Pressure plate; 34. Support seat; 341. Slide; 35. Pressing assembly ;351. Pressure seat; 352. Rack; 353. Rotating shaft 2; 354. Incomplete gear; 355. Motor 2; 36. Water filtration assembly; 361. Water collecting tank; 362. Filter; 363. Guide block; 364. Bellows; 365. Outlet pipe; 37. Linkage assembly; 371. Slider; 372. Pressure wheel; 373. Mounting plate; 374. Pressure rod; 375. Guide seat; 376. Connecting rod 1; 377. Connecting rod 2; 378. Spring 2; 4. Discharge pipe; 5. Fermentation tank; 6. Sludge inlet pipe; 7. Paddle stirring mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a biodegradable solid waste treatment device, including a shell 1, one end of the top of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a feed hopper 2 for introducing organic solid waste, the other end of the top of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a sludge inlet pipe 6, one end of the inner side of the shell 1 is provided with a paddle stirring mechanism 7 for mixing sludge and organic solid waste, the outlet end of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 4, and the outlet end of the discharge pipe 4 is fixedly connected to a fermentation tank 5, characterized in that a pretreatment mechanism 3 is provided on the inner side of the shell 1, the pretreatment mechanism 3 includes a crushing assembly 31 for crushing the organic solid waste, the crushing assembly 31 is provided on the inner side of the feed hopper 2, and a material guide assembly 32 for guiding the crushed organic solid waste out of the feed hopper 2 is provided below the crushing assembly 31, the outlet end of the feed hopper 2 is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 33, the inner side of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a support seat 34, and the top of the support seat 34 is provided with a pressing assembly 35 for squeezing and dehydrating the organic solid waste by intermittently contacting the pressure plate 33.

[0022] Organic solid waste is fed into the feed hopper 2, and then the crushing component 31 is started to crush the organic solid waste to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste. The crushed organic solid waste is then guided to the support seat 34 by the material guide component 32. At the same time, the pressing component 35 intermittently contacts the pressure plate 33 by cooperating with the start of the crushing component 31 to squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, so that the free water and bound water inside the organic solid waste are released to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste and avoid the problem of high water content, corruption and odor of the organic solid waste. The dehydrated organic solid waste contains more dry matter, which is conducive to the growth and activity of microorganisms, thereby improving the subsequent degradation treatment efficiency.

[0023] Among them, the crushing assembly 31 includes two parallel rotating shafts 311, both rotating shafts 311 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feed hopper 2, and both rotating shafts 311 are fixedly connected to a number of cutter wheels 312 equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 311. The cutter wheels 312 on the two rotating shafts 311 are staggered, and one end of the two rotating shafts 311 is fixedly connected to a gear 314, and the two gears 314 are engaged with each other. A motor 313 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shell 1, and the output shaft of the motor 313 is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts 311.

[0024] By starting the motor 1 313 to drive the rotating shaft 1 311 to rotate, the corresponding gear 1 314 rotates. Since the two gears 1 314 are engaged with each other, the two gears 1 314 rotate in opposite directions, which makes the two rotating shafts 1 311 rotate in opposite directions, so that all the blade wheels 312 rotate synchronously and crush the organic solid waste, thereby reducing the volume of the organic solid waste.

[0025] Among them, the pressing assembly 35 includes a pressing seat 351 slidably connected to the top of the support seat 34, and two racks 352 symmetrically distributed along the center of the pressing seat 351 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressing seat 351. The inner side of the shell 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 2 353, and the middle part of the rotating shaft 2 353 is fixedly connected to the incomplete gear 354. The outer side of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to the motor 2 355, and the output shaft of the motor 2 355 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2 353. The incomplete gear 354 alternately engages with the two racks 352 through rotation.

[0026] By starting the second motor 355 to drive the second shaft 353 to rotate, the incomplete gear 354 is rotated. When the incomplete gear 354 is meshed with one of the racks 352, the incomplete gear 354 applies a meshing force to the rack 352, so that the rack 352 applies a thrust to the pressure seat 351, causing the pressure seat 351 to slide and conflict with the pressure plate 33, so that the pressure seat 351 pushes the crushed organic solid waste onto the pressure plate 33 for extrusion and dehydration. When the incomplete gear 354 is meshed with the other rack 352, the incomplete gear 354 applies a meshing force to the rack 352, so that the rack 352 applies a thrust to the pressure seat 351, causing the pressure seat 351 to slide and conflict with the pressure plate 33, so that the pressure seat 351 pushes the crushed organic solid waste to the pressure plate 33 for extrusion and dehydration. The two racks 352 are symmetrically distributed, and the racks 352 will slide in the opposite direction, so that the racks 352 drive the pressure seat 351 to slide in the opposite direction, so that the dehydrated organic solid waste falls into the shell 1 and mixes with the sludge. Since the incomplete gear 354 is alternately engaged with the two racks 352, the cycle continues. The pressure seat 351 can intermittently contact the pressure plate 33 and squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, so that the free water and bound water inside the organic solid waste are released to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste and avoid the problem of high water content and rottenness of the organic solid waste. Example 2

[0027] In the first embodiment, the material guide assembly 32 is used to guide the crushed organic solid waste. However, since the crushed organic solid waste has a high water content, it is easy to adhere to the surface of the material guide assembly 32 after falling onto the material guide assembly 32. This not only causes waste of organic solid waste raw materials, but also increases the difficulty of subsequent cleaning. like Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment is another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The only difference from the first embodiment is that the material guide assembly 32 includes a mounting frame 321 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper 2, and a fixing plate 322 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting frame 321. Both ends of the fixing plate 322 are provided with elastic members 323, and the top of the elastic member 323 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 326. The inner side of the mounting frame 321 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft three 324, and a plurality of cams 325 equidistantly distributed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft three 324 are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft three 324. The plurality of cams 325 intermittently conflict with the bottom wall of the guide plate 326 by cooperating with the rotation of the rotating shaft three 324. One end of the rotating shaft three 324 is fixedly connected to the pulley one 327, and one end of the rotating shaft two 353 is fixedly connected to the pulley two 328. The pulley two 328 and the pulley one 327 are connected by a belt drive.

[0028] The elastic member 323 includes a sliding rod 3231 that passes through the fixed plate 322. The sliding rod 3231 is slidably connected to the fixed plate 322. One end of the sliding rod 3231 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 328, and the other end of the sliding rod 3231 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 3232. A spring 3233 is sleeved on the sliding rod 3231. One end of the spring 3233 contacts the limiting block 3232, and the other end of the spring 3233 contacts the fixed plate 322.

[0029] The motor 2 355 drives the rotating shaft 2 353 to rotate, so that the pulley 2 328 rotates synchronously, and the pulley 1 327 drives the rotating shaft 324 to rotate, so that all the cams 325 rotate synchronously. When the cam 325 conflicts with the guide plate 328, the guide plate 328 drives the slide bar 3231 to move upward. At this time, the spring 1 3233 is compressed to accumulate potential energy. When the cam 325 is disengaged from the guide plate 328, the spring 1 3233 releases the potential energy, so that the slide bar 3231 drives the guide plate 328 to move downward. This cycle repeats, and the guide plate 328 vibrates up and down. This can prevent organic solid waste from adhering to the guide plate 328, causing organic solid waste waste to be wasted and difficult to clean.

[0030] The linkage design of the crushing component 31 and the material guide component 32 achieves the following effects: the motor 313 drives the rotating shaft 311 to rotate, so that the two gears 314 engage with each other to drive the rotating shaft 311 to rotate in the opposite direction, and all the cutter wheels 312 synchronously crush the organic solid waste, and the crushed materials are discharged through the material guide component 32: the vibration frequency of the guide plate 326 matches the rotation speed of the cutter wheel 312 (controlled by the pulley drive), ensuring that the crushed materials are timely guided to the support seat 34 to avoid blockage. This linkage design is more efficient than the existing technology, and solves the problem that the existing technology only relies on hydraulic rod extrusion and does not integrate vibration guide, resulting in material residue.

[0031] The synergistic effect of the material guide assembly 32 and the material pressing assembly 35 is as follows: when the second motor 355 drives the second shaft 353, the second pulley 328 drives the first pulley 327, causing the third shaft 324 to rotate. The cam 325 periodically contacts the material guide plate 326, causing it to vibrate up and down. The vibration frequency is synchronized with the intermittent motion of the material pressing assembly 35 (the material guide plate 326 vibrates once for every half-turn of the incomplete gear 354), ensuring that the crushed material falls evenly into the material pressing area. Compared with the existing push cylinder design, this design is more energy-efficient. The elastic reset function of the first spring 3233 also solves the problem of material adhesion and improves processing efficiency. Example 3

[0032] In the first or second embodiment, during the extrusion dehydration process of the organic solid waste, the squeezed water will flow into the interior of the housing 1. If the water is not discharged in time, it will re-mix with the organic solid waste, causing the organic solid waste to reabsorb the water, resulting in ineffective dehydration. like Figures 8 and 9As shown, this embodiment is another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The only difference from embodiment one or embodiment two is that a water filter assembly 36 is provided at the outlet end of the feed hopper 2. The water filter assembly 36 includes a water collecting box 361 slidably connected to the bottom of the shell 1. The top of the water collecting box 361 is fixedly connected to a filter screen 362. The top of the water collecting box 361 is fixedly connected to a guide block 363. The support seat 34 is provided with a slide groove 341 slidably connected to the guide block 363. The bottom end of the water collecting box 361 is fixedly connected to a bellows 364 that communicates with the inside of the water collecting box 361. The outlet end of the bellows 364 is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe 365. The water outlet pipe 365 passes through the inner wall of the shell 1 and is fixedly connected to the shell 1. A linkage assembly 37 is provided on one side of the water collecting box 361, which intermittently cooperates with and disengages from the outlet end of the feed hopper 2 by sliding with the pressure seat 351. The linkage assembly 37 includes a The slider 371 is slidably connected to the slide groove 341, and the bottom of the slider 371 is rotatably connected to the pressure wheel 372. The inner side of the housing 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 373. The mounting plate 373 is slidably connected to the pressure rod 374 that passes through the mounting plate 373. The top of the pressure rod 374 is fixedly connected to the guide seat 375. The guide seat 375 is a structure with a wide front and a narrow back. The length ratio of the wide part to the narrow part of the guide seat 375 is 3:1. The pressure wheel 372 passes through In order to cooperate with the reciprocating sliding of the slider 371, it reciprocates between the narrow part and the wide part of the guide seat 375. The bottom end of the pressure rod 374 is hinged with a connecting rod 1 376, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 1 376 is hinged with a connecting rod 2 377. The end of the connecting rod 2 377 away from the connecting rod 1 376 is fixedly connected to the water collecting tank 361. A spring 2 378 is provided on the pressure rod 374. The top end of the spring 2 378 contacts the guide seat 375, and the bottom end of the spring 2 378 contacts the mounting plate 373.

[0033] By starting the second motor 355 to drive the second rotating shaft 353 to rotate, the incomplete gear 354 is rotated. When the incomplete gear 354 is meshed with one of the racks 352, the incomplete gear 354 applies a meshing force to the rack 352, so that the rack 352 applies a thrust to the pressure seat 351, causing the pressure seat 351 to slide and conflict with the pressure plate 33, so that the pressure seat 351 pushes the crushed organic solid waste onto the pressure plate 33 for extrusion and dehydration. When the incomplete gear 354 is meshed with the other rack 352, due to the symmetrical distribution of the two racks 352, the rack 352 will slide in the opposite direction, causing the rack 352 to drive the pressure seat 351 to slide in the opposite direction, so that the dehydrated organic solid waste falls into the shell 1 and is mixed with the sludge. Since the incomplete gear 354 is alternately meshed with the two racks 352, this cycle is repeated, and the pressure seat 351 can intermittently conflict with the pressure plate 33 and extrude and dehydrate the organic solid waste. When the pressure seat 351 approaches the pressure plate 33, the slider 371 will slide synchronously with the pressure seat 351, causing the pressure wheel 372 to roll along the guide seat 375. When the pressure wheel 372 moves from the narrow part of the guide seat 375 to the wide part, the guide seat 375 is squeezed downward by the pressure wheel 372, causing the pressure rod 374 to move downward, causing the connecting rod 1 376 to apply a thrust to the connecting rod 2 377, causing the water collecting box 361 to slide under the pressure plate 33. At the same time, the spring 2 378 is compressed to accumulate potential energy. When the pressure seat 351 and the pressure plate 33 come into contact with each other to squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, the desorbed water flows into the water collecting box 361 through the filter screen 362 and is finally discharged through the water outlet pipe 365 and is completely separated from the organic solid waste. This can avoid the problem of ineffective dehydration caused by the organic solid waste re-absorbing water. When the pressure seat 351 moves away from the pressure plate 33, the slider 371 will slide in the opposite direction, causing the pressure wheel 372 to roll in the opposite direction along the guide seat 375. When the pressure wheel 372 moves from the wide part to the narrow part of the guide seat 375, the spring 2 378 releases the potential energy, causing the pressure rod 374 to slide upward, so that the connecting rod 2 377 applies a pulling force to the water collecting tank 361 to restore it to its initial position, thereby allowing the dehydrated organic solid waste to fall to the bottom of the inner side of the shell 1 and mix with the silt.

[0034] The linkage effect of the pressing group 35, the water filtering assembly 36, and the linkage assembly 37 is as follows: when the pressing seat 351 slides toward the pressure plate 33 (the incomplete gear 354 engages the left rack 352), the slider 371 drives the pressing wheel 372 to roll along the guide seat 375. When the pressing wheel 372 moves from the narrow part to the wide part, the guide seat 375 presses down, and the water collecting box 361 is pushed to the bottom of the pressure plate 33 through the pressing rod 374, the connecting rod 1 376, and the connecting rod 2 377, and the water is squeezed and dehydrated simultaneously (the dehydrated water flows into the water collecting box 361 through the filter screen 362); When the pressure seat 351 slides in the opposite direction (the incomplete gear 354 engages the right rack 352), the pressure wheel 372 moves from the wide part back to the narrow part, the spring 2 378 releases the potential energy, pulls back the water collecting tank 361, and the dehydrated solid waste falls; this precise linkage (crushing → material guiding → material pressing → water filtering) ensures that "multiple steps of processing are completed in one operation", which is more compact than the existing technical structure: it solves the problem of high energy consumption caused by the need to independently drive the crushing and dehydration units in the existing technology; by controlling multiple components with a single motor 2 355, the dehydration efficiency is greatly improved. Example 4

[0035] This embodiment provides a method for using a biodegradable solid waste treatment device, comprising the following steps: S1: First, organic solid waste is put into the feed hopper 2, and then the motor 1 313 is started to drive the rotating shaft 1 311 to rotate, causing the corresponding gear 1 314 to rotate. Since the two gears 1 314 are meshed with each other, the two gears 1 314 can rotate in opposite directions, which in turn causes the two rotating shafts 1 311 to rotate in opposite directions, so that all the cutter wheels 312 rotate synchronously and crush the organic solid waste, thereby reducing the volume of the organic solid waste. The crushed organic solid waste is then guided to the support seat 34 by the material guide assembly 32; S2: By starting the second motor 355 to drive the second shaft 353 to rotate, the incomplete gear 354 rotates. When the incomplete gear 354 meshes with one of the racks 352, the incomplete gear 354 applies a meshing force to the rack 352, causing the rack 352 to apply a thrust to the pressure seat 351, causing the pressure seat 351 to slide and come into contact with the pressure plate 33, so that the pressure seat 351 pushes the crushed organic solid waste onto the pressure plate 33 for extrusion and dehydration. When the incomplete gear 354 meshes with the other rack 352, Since the two racks 352 are symmetrically distributed, the racks 352 will slide in opposite directions, causing the racks 352 to drive the pressure seat 351 to slide in opposite directions. As a result, the dehydrated organic solid waste falls into the housing 1 and mixes with the sludge. Since the incomplete gear 354 is alternately meshed with the two racks 352, the pressure seat 351 can intermittently contact the pressure plate 33 and squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, so that the free water and bound water in the organic solid waste are released to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste and avoid the problem of high water content and odor of the organic solid waste. S3: The dehydrated organic solid waste falls to the bottom of the inner side of the shell 1, and then the seeding sludge is introduced into the shell 1 through the sludge introduction pipe 6 to be mixed with the organic solid waste. At the same time, the paddle stirring mechanism 7 is started to stir the mixture of the seeding sludge and the organic solid waste to make them fully mixed; S4: The mixture of the inoculated sludge and the organic solid waste is introduced into the fermentation tank 5 through the discharge pipe 4 for anaerobic fermentation, so that the organic solid waste is degraded by the microorganisms in the inoculated sludge.

[0036] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating biodegradable solid waste, comprising a shell (1), one end of the top of the shell (1) being fixedly connected to a feed hopper (2) for introducing organic solid waste, the other end of the top of the shell (1) being fixedly connected to a sludge introduction pipe (6), one end of the inner side of the shell (1) being provided with a paddle stirring mechanism (7) for mixing sludge and organic solid waste, the outlet end of the shell (1) being fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (4), the outlet end of the discharge pipe (4) being fixedly connected to a fermentation tank (5), characterized in that: A pretreatment mechanism (3) is provided on the inner side of the shell (1), and the pretreatment mechanism (3) includes a crushing assembly (31) for crushing organic solid waste, the crushing assembly (31) is provided on the inner side of the feed hopper (2), and a material guide assembly (32) is provided below the crushing assembly (31) for guiding the crushed organic solid waste out of the feed hopper (2), the outlet end of the feed hopper (2) is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (33), the inner side of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a support seat (34), and the top of the support seat (34) is provided with a pressing assembly (35) for squeezing and dehydrating the organic solid waste by intermittently contacting the pressure plate (33).

2. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (31) includes two parallel rotating shafts (311), both of which are rotatably connected to the inner side of the feed hopper (2), and both of which are fixedly connected to a plurality of cutter wheels (312) equidistantly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (311), the cutter wheels (312) on the two rotating shafts (311) are staggered, and one end of each of the two rotating shafts (311) is fixedly connected to a gear (314), and the two gears (314) are meshed with each other. A motor (313) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the housing (1), and the output shaft of the motor (313) is fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts (311).

3. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (35) includes a pressing seat (351) slidably connected to the top of the supporting seat (34), the inner side of the pressing seat (351) is fixedly connected to two racks (352) symmetrically distributed along the center of the pressing seat (351), the inner side of the shell (1) is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (353), the middle part of the second rotating shaft (353) is fixedly connected to an incomplete gear (354), the outer side of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to the second motor (355), the output shaft of the second motor (355) is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (353), and the incomplete gear (354) is alternately engaged with the two racks (352) by rotation.

4. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure seat (351) is a U-shaped structure, and the vertical section of the pressure seat (351) can contact the pressure plate (33) by sliding.

5. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material guide assembly (32) includes a mounting frame (321) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper (2), a fixed plate (322) fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting frame (321), elastic members (323) are provided at both ends of the fixed plate (322), the top end of the elastic member (323) is fixedly connected to a material guide plate (326), the inner side of the mounting frame (321) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft three (324), a plurality of cams (325) equidistantly distributed along the axis direction of the rotating shaft three (324) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft three (324), and the plurality of cams (325) intermittently conflict with the bottom wall of the material guide plate (326) by cooperating with the rotation of the rotating shaft three (324).

6. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material guide assembly (32) further includes a pulley 1 (327) fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 3 (324), and a pulley 2 (328) fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 2 (353), and the pulley 2 (328) is connected to the pulley 1 (327) via a belt drive.

7. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic member (323) includes a sliding rod (3231) passing through the fixed plate (322), the sliding rod (3231) is slidably connected to the fixed plate (322), one end of the sliding rod (3231) is fixedly connected to the guide plate (328), the other end of the sliding rod (3231) is fixedly connected to the limit block (3232), and a spring (3233) is sleeved on the sliding rod (3231), one end of the spring (3233) contacts the limit block (3232), and the other end of the spring (3233) contacts the fixed plate (322).

8. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet end of the feed hopper (2) is provided with a water filter assembly (36), the water filter assembly (36) includes a water collecting box (361) slidably connected to the bottom of the shell (1), the top of the water collecting box (361) is fixedly connected to a filter screen (362), the top of the water collecting box (361) is fixedly connected to a guide block (363), the support seat (34) is provided with a slide groove (341) slidably connected to the guide block (363), the bottom end of the water collecting box (361) is fixedly connected to a bellows (364) communicating with the inside of the water collecting box (361), the outlet end of the bellows (364) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (365), the water outlet pipe (365) passes through the inner wall of the shell (1) and is fixedly connected to the shell (1), and a linkage assembly (37) is provided on one side of the water collecting box (361) that intermittently engages with and disengages from the outlet end of the feed hopper (2) by sliding with the pressure seat (351).

9. The biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The linkage assembly (37) includes a slider (371) fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure seat (351), the slider (371) is slidably connected to the slide groove (341), the bottom of the slider (371) is rotatably connected to a pressure wheel (372), the inner side of the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (373), the mounting plate (373) is slidably connected to a pressure rod (374) that passes through the mounting plate (373), the top of the pressure rod (374) is fixedly connected to a guide seat (375), the guide seat (375) is a structure that is wide in front and narrow in the back, and the pressure wheel (372) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider (371). ) reciprocates between the narrow part and the wide part of the guide seat (375) by cooperating with the reciprocating sliding of the slider (371), the bottom end of the pressure rod (374) is hinged with the connecting rod 1 (376), the bottom end of the connecting rod 1 (376) is hinged with the connecting rod 2 (377), the end of the connecting rod 2 (377) away from the connecting rod 1 (376) is fixedly connected to the water collecting tank (361), and the pressure rod (374) is provided with a spring 2 (378), the top end of the spring 2 (378) is in contact with the guide seat (375), and the bottom end of the spring 2 (378) is in contact with the mounting plate (373).

10. A method for using the biodegradable solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: First, organic solid waste is put into the feed hopper (2), and then the organic solid waste is crushed by the crushing component (31) to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste, and then the crushed organic solid waste is guided to the support seat (34) by the guide component (32); S2: The pressing component (35) intermittently contacts the pressure plate (33) by cooperating with the start-up of the crushing component (31) to squeeze and dehydrate the organic solid waste, so that the free water and bound water in the organic solid waste are removed to reduce the volume of the organic solid waste and avoid the problem of high water content and odor of the organic solid waste; S3: The dehydrated organic solid waste falls to the bottom of the inner side of the shell (1), and then the seeding sludge is introduced into the shell (1) through the sludge introduction pipe (6) to be mixed with the organic solid waste. At the same time, the paddle stirring mechanism (7) is started to stir the mixture of the seeding sludge and the organic solid waste to make them fully mixed; S4: The mixture of the inoculated sludge and the organic solid waste is introduced into the fermentation tank (5) through the discharge pipe (4) for anaerobic fermentation, so that the organic solid waste is degraded by the microorganisms in the inoculated sludge.

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