Cutter feeding and retracting structure for numerical control machine tool and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and particularly discloses a cutter feeding and retracting structure for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a rack main body, a mounting frame arranged on the front side of the rack main body, a machining frame arranged inside the mounting frame, a hole milling cutter arranged at the bottom of the machining frame and used for hole milling, and a feeding assembly arranged on the rack main body, the hole milling cutter is arranged in the machining frame, automatic feeding of the hole milling cutter is achieved through the feeding assembly, the feeding speed can be adjusted according to the rotating speed of the hole milling cutter, the feeding assembly comprises a rotating shaft arranged in the machining frame, and through cooperation of the structures, the high feeding speed can be provided when hole milling is conducted in rough machining at a high speed, so that the machining efficiency is high; when finish machining is carried out at a low speed, the frequency that the corrugated bag is extruded is low, so that the speed of a medium entering the cavity is low, and by means of the design, when hole milling is carried out at a low speed during finish machining, a low cutter feeding speed can be provided, the machining efficiency is high, and the interior of a milled hole is smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a tool feed and retract structure and a control method for a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A milling machine is a machine tool that uses a rotating multi-edged tool to cut workpieces. Its core feature is that the tool rotates as the main motion, and the workpiece or tool performs the feed motion. It is one of the most basic and widely used machine tools in the field of mechanical manufacturing. Milling holes in workpieces with a milling cutter is a common milling method.

[0003] The tool feed and retraction mechanism prevents violent collisions between the tool and the workpiece, fixture, or machine tool body by precisely controlling the tool's entry and exit paths. For example, in deep cavity milling, the tool needs to gradually penetrate deeper into the workpiece. The tool feed and retraction mechanism ensures that the tool enters at a safe angle, avoiding tool breakage or workpiece displacement due to sudden force.

[0004] For example, the "A milling cutter feed drive system" with the publication number "CN210549794U" drives the drive motor and the milling cutter assembly to move linearly through the front and rear screw drive systems to achieve rapid feed of the milling cutter. In the prior art, when milling holes, rough machining is usually performed first. During rough machining, in order to improve the machining efficiency, a high rotation speed and a higher feed speed are required. Subsequently, fine machining is required to smooth the milled holes. In order to make the inside of the milled holes smooth, a low rotation speed and a low feed speed are used during fine machining. The feed and retraction structure in the prior art is difficult to adjust the amount of feed and retraction according to the rotation speed of the milling cutter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed and retract structure and control method for a CNC machine tool, which can provide a faster feed speed when milling holes at high speed during rough machining, so as to improve the machining efficiency. When fine machining is performed at low speed, the frequency at which the corrugated bag is squeezed is slow, thereby achieving a slower speed at which the medium enters the cavity. Such a design can provide a slower feed speed when milling holes at low speed during fine machining, so as to improve the machining efficiency and facilitate the smoothing of the inside of the milled hole, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tool feed and retraction structure for a CNC machine tool, comprising a frame body, a mounting frame disposed on the front side of the frame body, a processing frame disposed inside the mounting frame, a milling cutter for milling holes disposed at the bottom of the processing frame, and the tool feed and retraction structure further comprising: A feeding assembly is arranged inside the processing frame. The feeding assembly realizes automatic feeding of the milling cutter and can adjust the feeding speed according to the rotation speed of the milling cutter. The feeding assembly includes a rotating shaft arranged inside the processing frame. The bottom of the rotating shaft is slidably connected to the lifting shaft. The milling cutter is installed at the bottom of the lifting shaft. The bottom of the lifting shaft is fixedly connected to a first piston plate. A cavity is opened at the bottom of the rotating shaft. The outer wall of the first piston plate is in contact with the inner side of the cavity. A spring is fixedly connected between the first piston plate and the rotating shaft. The filling component is used to add the medium into the cavity so that the lifting shaft and the milling cutter descend to achieve feed; The motor is fixed on the top of the processing frame. The motor is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The output shaft of the motor passes through the processing frame and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the filling assembly includes a rotating ring rotating outside the rotating shaft, the outside of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to an inclined plate, the outside of the inclined plate is provided with a moving frame, the bottom of the moving frame is slid with a cross frame, the inside of the cross frame is slid with a moving block, and the bottom of the moving block is fixedly connected to the extrusion shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the filling assembly also includes a fixed ring fixedly connected to the inside of the processing frame, a liquid storage chamber is provided inside the fixed ring, a medium is configured inside the liquid storage chamber, a groove is provided inside the fixed ring on the right side of the liquid storage chamber, a bellows is fixedly connected inside the groove, and the bottom of the extrusion shaft extends into the inside of the groove and is fixedly connected to the top of the bellows.

[0009] Preferably, a liquid adding tube is fixedly connected between the corrugated bag and the cavity, an addition tube is fixedly connected between the corrugated bag and the liquid storage cavity, check valves are installed inside the addition tube and the liquid adding tube, a return tube is connected between the cavity and the liquid storage cavity, and a solenoid valve is installed inside the return tube.

[0010] Preferably, a ball for reducing friction is rotatably connected to the inner side of the moving frame, and the ball is in contact with the outer wall of the tilting plate away from the moving frame.

[0011] Preferably, the knife advance and retreat structure further includes: An adjusting component is used to adjust the feed amount of the milling cutter when the milling cutter rotates one circle. The adjusting component includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the inside of the moving block, a second piston plate is movable inside the cylinder, a circular shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the second piston plate, and the end of the circular shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cross frame.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a sleeve fixedly connected to the top inner side of the processing frame, a third piston plate is movable inside the sleeve, a pipe is fixedly inserted between the sleeve and the cylinder, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the processing frame, and the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod extends into the interior of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the third piston plate.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the duct is formed from a length of hose material.

[0014] Preferably, a ring groove is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft and located inside the rotating ring, an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the ring groove, an insertion groove is provided inside the rotating ring, a limiting plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the insertion groove, and a magnetic block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insertion groove.

[0015] A method for controlling the advance and retreat of a tool in a numerically controlled machine tool comprises the following steps: S1. Positioning: Move the milling cutter to the position where the hole needs to be milled; S2, feeding, injecting the medium into the cavity through the filling component to achieve feeding.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the function of the feed assembly, the motor and the filling assembly, a faster feed speed can be provided when milling holes at high speed during rough machining, thereby improving machining efficiency. When finishing at low speed, the frequency of squeezing the corrugated bag is slow, thereby achieving a slower speed at which the medium enters the cavity. This design can provide a slower feed speed when milling holes at low speed during finishing, thereby improving machining efficiency and making the inside of the milled hole smooth. 2. When processing hard metals, the second piston plate can be controlled to slide downward inside the cylinder by extending the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod, so that the medium in the cylinder enters the interior of the sleeve through the pipe, thereby causing the third piston plate and the circular shaft to move the cross frame and the moving frame closer to the rotating ring, thereby reducing the amplitude of the moving frame's up and down movement when the swash plate rotates one circle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall structural view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is an overall side structural view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the installation frame of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a processing frame of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a top partial half-section structure of the processing frame of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a partial half-section structure of the bottom of the processing frame of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of point A; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the inclined plate of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic side view of a horizontal frame of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rotating ring of the present invention.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Main frame; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Processing frame; 4. Milling cutter; 5. Feed assembly; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Lifting shaft; 53. First piston plate; 54. Cavity; 55. Spring; 6. Motor; 7. Filling assembly; 71. Rotating ring; 72. Tilt plate; 73. Moving frame; 74. Horizontal frame; 75. Extrusion shaft; 76. Fixed ring; 77. Liquid storage chamber; 78. Solenoid valve; 79. Groove; 7 10. Bellows; 711. Liquid adding tube; 712. Adding tube; 713. Check valve; 714. Return tube; 715. Moving block; 8. Adjusting assembly; 81. Cylinder; 82. Second piston plate; 83. Round shaft; 84. Sleeve; 85. Third piston plate; 86. Pipe; 9. Ring groove; 10. Ball; 11. Electric telescopic rod; 12. Extrusion plate; 13. Insertion groove; 14. Limiting plate; 15. Magnetic block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 10The present invention provides a technical solution: a tool feed and retraction structure for a CNC machine tool, comprising a frame body 1, a mounting frame 2 is arranged on the front side of the frame body 1, a processing frame 3 is arranged inside the mounting frame 2, and a milling cutter 4 for milling hole processing is arranged at the bottom of the processing frame 3, the tool feed and retraction structure also includes a feeding assembly 5 arranged inside the processing frame 3, the feeding assembly 5 realizes automatic feeding of the milling cutter 4, and can adjust the feeding speed according to the rotation speed of the milling cutter 4, the feeding assembly 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 arranged inside the processing frame 3, the bottom of the rotating shaft 51 is slidably connected to a lifting shaft 52, the milling cutter 4 is installed at the bottom of the lifting shaft 52, the bottom of the lifting shaft 52 is fixedly connected to a first piston plate 53, a cavity 54 is opened at the bottom of the rotating shaft 51, the outer wall of the first piston plate 53 is in contact with the inner side of the cavity 54, and a spring 55 is fixedly connected between the first piston plate 53 and the rotating shaft 51.

[0022] The frame body 1 is equipped with multiple driving components for driving the installation frame 2, the processing frame 3, and the milling cutter 4 to move. A servo motor can be used to drive the ball screw to control the processing frame 3 and the milling cutter 4 to move to different positions, thereby facilitating milling processing at different positions. The technology of this part is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated on in detail.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when using it, the plate that needs to be milled is clamped and installed on the frame body 1. The clamping technology is a mature existing technology and will not be elaborated on. The milling cutter 4 is moved to the position where the hole needs to be milled through the driving component, and the bottom of the milling cutter 4 is made to fit the plate that needs to be processed.

[0024] The outer side of the lifting shaft 52 is fixedly connected to a ring disk, and an infrared ranging sensor is installed at the bottom of the ring disk to determine the bottom position of the milling cutter 4, thereby determining whether the bottom of the milling cutter 4 fits the plate to be processed, and during subsequent milling processing, the depth of the milling hole can be accurately determined.

[0025] The tool feed and retract structure also includes a filling component 7 configured inside the processing frame 3. The filling component 7 is used to add a medium into the cavity 54 so that the lifting shaft 52 carries the milling cutter 4 down to achieve feed. The tool feed and retract structure also includes a motor 6 fixed to the top of the processing frame 3. The motor 6 is used to drive the rotating shaft 51 to rotate. The output shaft of the motor 6 passes through the processing frame 3 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 51. The filling component 7 includes a rotating ring 71 that rotates on the outside of the rotating shaft 51. The outside of the rotating ring 71 is fixedly connected to a tilting plate 72. The outside of the tilting plate 72 is configured with a moving frame 73. The bottom of the moving frame 73 slides with a cross frame 74. The inside of the cross frame 74 slides with a moving block 715. The bottom of the moving block 715 is fixedly connected to an extrusion shaft 75. The filling component 7 also It includes a fixing ring 76 fixedly connected to the inside of the processing frame 3, a liquid storage chamber 77 is opened inside the fixing ring 76, a medium is configured inside the liquid storage chamber 77, a groove 79 is opened inside the fixing ring 76 on the right side of the liquid storage chamber 77, a bellows 710 is fixedly connected inside the groove 79, the bottom of the extrusion shaft 75 extends into the inside of the groove 79 and is fixedly connected to the top of the bellows 710, a liquid adding tube 711 is fixedly inserted between the bellows 710 and the cavity 54, an addition tube 712 is fixedly inserted between the bellows 710 and the liquid storage chamber 77, check valves 713 are installed inside the addition tube 712 and the liquid adding tube 711, a return tube 714 is inserted between the cavity 54 and the liquid storage chamber 77, and a solenoid valve 78 is installed inside the return tube 714.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the bottom of the milling cutter 4 is in contact with the plate to be processed, milling is performed. By rotating the output shaft of the motor 6, the rotating shaft 51 can rotate with the lifting shaft 52, thereby rotating the milling cutter 4 so that milling can be performed normally.

[0027] When the rotating shaft 51 rotates, the rotating ring 71 can rotate with the inclined plate 72. When the inclined plate 72 rotates, the height of the position of the inclined plate 72 close to the moving frame 73 changes due to the inclined setting of the inclined plate 72, thereby causing the moving frame 73 to move back and forth up and down.

[0028] It should be noted that the check valve 713 is a mature existing technology. Under the action of the check valve 713 in the liquid adding tube 711, the medium inside the cavity 54 is not allowed to flow into the bellows 710. Under the action of the check valve 713 in the adding tube 712, the medium inside the bellows 710 is not allowed to flow into the liquid storage chamber 77.

[0029] When the moving frame 73 moves downward under the action of the inclined plate 72, the cross frame 74 moves downward with the moving block 715 and the extrusion shaft 75, so that the medium inside the corrugated bag 710 enters the cavity 54, causing the first piston plate 53 to move downward, thereby causing the lifting shaft 52 and the milling cutter 4 to move downward, enabling the milling cutter 4 to feed. When the moving frame 73 moves upward under the action of the inclined plate 72, the cross frame 74 moves upward with the moving block 715 and the extrusion shaft 75, so that the corrugated bag 710 stretches, and the medium in the liquid storage chamber 77 enters the interior of the corrugated bag 710.

[0030] Such a design enables automatic feeding when the lifting shaft 52 and the milling cutter 4 rotate, and the faster the rotation speed, the faster the frequency of the corrugated bag 710 being squeezed, thereby achieving faster speed for the medium to enter the cavity 54. Such a design can provide a faster feed speed when milling holes at high speed during rough processing, thereby improving processing efficiency. When fine processing is performed at low speed, the frequency of the corrugated bag 710 being squeezed is slow, thereby achieving slower speed for the medium to enter the cavity 54. Such a design can provide a slower feed speed when milling holes at low speed during fine processing, thereby improving processing efficiency and facilitating the smoothness of the inside of the milled hole.

[0031] It should be noted that when the solenoid valve 78 is closed during processing and the tool is retracted, the solenoid valve 78 is opened, and under the elastic force of the spring 55, the first piston plate 53 can move upward with the lifting shaft 52 and the milling cutter 4, thereby realizing automatic tool retraction.

[0032] It should be noted that the tilt angle of the tilting plate 72 is small, so that the up and down movement of the extrusion shaft 75 is small, and the volume of the corrugated bag 710 is small, so that the feed amount is small per rotation of the tilting plate 72.

[0033] A ball 10 for reducing friction is rotatably connected to the inner side of the moving frame 73 , and the ball 10 is in contact with the outer wall of the tilting plate 72 away from the moving frame 73 .

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the ball 10 is conducive to reducing the friction generated when the moving frame 73 and the tilting plate 72 move.

[0035] The tool feed and retraction structure also includes an adjusting component 8 arranged at the top inner side of the processing frame 3. The adjusting component 8 is used to adjust the feed amount of the milling cutter 4 when the milling cutter 4 rotates one circle. The adjusting component 8 includes a cylinder 81 fixedly connected to the inside of the moving block 715. The second piston plate 82 is movable inside the cylinder 81. The side of the second piston plate 82 is fixedly connected to a circular shaft 83. The end of the circular shaft 83 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cross frame 74. The adjusting component 8 includes a sleeve 84 fixedly connected to the top inner side of the processing frame 3. The third piston plate 85 is movable inside the sleeve 84. A pipe 86 is fixedly inserted between the sleeve 84 and the cylinder 81. The top of the processing frame 3 is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod 11. The output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 11 extends into the interior of the sleeve 84 and is fixedly connected to the third piston plate 85.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed speed requirements for metals with different hardness are somewhat different. The greater the hardness, the lower the feed speed needs to be to reduce damage to the milling cutter 4.

[0037] The position of the tilting plate 72 close to the rotating ring 71 has a smaller swing amplitude, while the edge position of the tilting plate 72 has a larger swing amplitude.

[0038] When processing hard metal, when the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 11 is extended, the second piston plate 82 can be controlled to slide downward inside the cylinder 81, so that the medium in the cylinder 81 enters the interior of the sleeve 84 through the pipe 86, thereby causing the third piston plate 85 and the circular shaft 83 to move the cross frame 74 and the moving frame 73 closer to the position of the rotating ring 71, thereby reducing the amplitude of the up and down movement of the moving frame 73 when the swash plate 72 rotates one circle.

[0039] When dealing with materials with lower hardness, the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 11 is controlled to retract, the second piston plate 82 slides upward inside the cylinder 81, the medium in the sleeve 84 returns to the cylinder 81, and the third piston plate 85 and the circular shaft 83 carry the cross frame 74 and the moving frame 73 away from the position of the rotating ring 71, thereby increasing the amplitude of the up and down movement of the moving frame 73 when the swash plate 72 rotates one circle.

[0040] This design can adjust the feed speed according to the hardness of the processing material, thereby reducing damage to the tool during processing.

[0041] The top of the pipe 86 is made of a section of hose material so that the pipe 86 does not affect the up and down movement of the extrusion shaft 75 .

[0042] This solution manufactures a metal processing machine to achieve milling of metal plates.

[0043] Embodiment 2: The technical solution of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: Figures 1 to 5 and Figure 11The outside of the rotating shaft 51 is located inside the rotating ring 71 and a ring groove 9 is opened. The inside of the ring groove 9 is fixedly connected to the extrusion plate 12. The inside of the rotating ring 71 is opened with an insertion groove 13. The inside of the insertion groove 13 is rotatably connected to the limiting plate 14. The inner wall of the insertion groove 13 is fixedly connected to a magnetic block 15.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, when retracting the tool, in order to ensure the machining accuracy and reduce the damage of the tool, it is usually necessary to rotate the tool. In order to avoid the filling component 7 filling the medium into the cavity 54 when the tool is rotated, thereby avoiding slowing down the speed of retracting the tool, the present solution adopts the motor 6 to reverse when retracting the tool. At this time, the rotating shaft 51 is rotated along the attached Figure 11 The extrusion plate 12 rotates in a clockwise direction, and the extrusion plate 12 rotates accordingly. The force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 51 is much greater than the attraction of the magnetic block 15 to the limiting plate 14. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates with the extrusion plate 12, it can smoothly pass through the limiting plate 14. Therefore, the inclined plate 72 does not rotate with the rotating shaft 51 at this time, preventing the filling component 7 from filling the medium into the cavity 54 when retracting the knife, thereby preventing the retraction speed of the knife from being affected.

[0045] During the feed, the rotating shaft 51 moves along the Figure 11 When the extrusion plate 12 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, it cannot smoothly pass through the limiting plate 14 , so that the tilting plate 72 rotates along with the rotating shaft 51 , ensuring that the medium can be filled into the cavity 54 .

[0046] A method for controlling the advance and retreat of a tool in a numerically controlled machine tool comprises the following steps: S1. Positioning: The plate to be milled is clamped and mounted on the frame body 1. The clamping technology is a mature existing technology and will not be described in detail. The milling cutter 4 is moved to the position where the hole needs to be milled by the driving component, and the bottom of the milling cutter 4 is in contact with the plate to be processed. S2. Feeding. When the moving frame 73 moves downward under the action of the inclined plate 72, the cross frame 74 moves downward with the moving block 715 and the extrusion shaft 75, so that the medium inside the corrugated bag 710 enters the cavity 54, causing the first piston plate 53 to move downward, thereby causing the lifting shaft 52 and the milling cutter 4 to move downward, and the milling cutter 4 to feed. When the moving frame 73 moves upward under the action of the inclined plate 72, the cross frame 74 moves upward with the moving block 715 and the extrusion shaft 75, so that the corrugated bag 710 stretches, and the medium in the liquid storage chamber 77 enters the interior of the corrugated bag 710.

[0047] Such a design enables automatic feeding when the lifting shaft 52 and the milling cutter 4 rotate, and the faster the rotation speed, the faster the frequency of the corrugated bag 710 being squeezed, thereby achieving faster speed for the medium to enter the cavity 54. Such a design can provide a faster feed speed when milling holes at high speed during rough processing, thereby improving processing efficiency. When fine processing is performed at low speed, the frequency of the corrugated bag 710 being squeezed is slow, thereby achieving slower speed for the medium to enter the cavity 54. Such a design can provide a slower feed speed when milling holes at low speed during fine processing, thereby improving processing efficiency and facilitating the smoothness of the inside of the milled hole.

[0048] Working principle: When processing metal with high hardness, when the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 11 is extended, the second piston plate 82 can be controlled to slide downward inside the cylinder 81, so that the medium in the cylinder 81 enters the interior of the sleeve 84 through the pipe 86, so that the third piston plate 85 and the circular shaft 83 bring the cross frame 74 and the moving frame 73 close to the position of the rotating ring 71, thereby reducing the amplitude of the up and down movement of the moving frame 73 when the inclined plate 72 rotates one circle. When processing materials with lower hardness, the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod 11 is controlled to retract, the second piston plate 82 slides upward inside the cylinder 81, and the medium in the sleeve 84 returns to the cylinder 81, and the third piston plate 85 and the circular shaft 83 bring the cross frame 74 and the moving frame 73 away from the position of the rotating ring 71, thereby increasing the amplitude of the up and down movement of the moving frame 73 when the inclined plate 72 rotates one circle. This design can adjust the feed speed according to the hardness of the processed material, thereby reducing damage to the tool during processing.

[0049] In order to ensure machining accuracy and reduce tool damage, it is usually necessary to rotate the tool when retracting. In order to prevent the filling component 7 from filling the medium into the cavity 54 when the tool is rotated and pushed, and to avoid slowing down the speed of retracting, the present invention adopts the motor 6 to reverse when retracting the tool. At this time, the rotating shaft 51 is rotated along the attached Figure 11 The extrusion plate 12 rotates in a clockwise direction, and the extrusion plate 12 rotates accordingly. The force of the rotation of the rotating shaft 51 is much greater than the attraction of the magnetic block 15 to the limiting plate 14. When the rotating shaft 51 rotates with the extrusion plate 12, it can smoothly pass through the limiting plate 14. Therefore, the inclined plate 72 does not rotate with the rotating shaft 51 at this time, preventing the filling component 7 from filling the medium into the cavity 54 when retracting the knife, thereby preventing the retraction speed of the knife from being affected.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool feed and retract structure for a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising a machine frame body (1), a mounting frame (2) disposed on the front side of the machine frame body (1), a processing frame (3) disposed inside the mounting frame (2), a milling cutter (4) for milling holes disposed at the bottom of the processing frame (3), and characterized in that: The tool feed and retract structure also includes: A feeding assembly (5) is arranged inside the processing frame (3). The feeding assembly (5) realizes automatic feeding of the milling cutter (4) and can adjust the feeding speed according to the rotation speed of the milling cutter (4). The feeding assembly (5) includes a rotating shaft (51) arranged inside the processing frame (3). The bottom of the rotating shaft (51) is slidably connected to a lifting shaft (52). The milling cutter (4) is installed at the bottom of the lifting shaft (52). The bottom of the lifting shaft (52) is fixedly connected to a first piston plate (53). A cavity (54) is opened at the bottom of the rotating shaft (51). The outer wall of the first piston plate (53) is in contact with the inner side of the cavity (54). A spring (55) is fixedly connected between the first piston plate (53) and the rotating shaft (51). A filling assembly (7) is used to add a medium into the cavity (54) to enable the lifting shaft (52) to lower the milling cutter (4) to achieve feed; The motor (6) is fixed to the top of the processing frame (3). The motor (6) is used to drive the rotating shaft (51) to rotate. The output shaft of the motor (6) passes through the processing frame (3) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (51).

2. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling assembly (7) includes a rotating ring (71) that rotates outside the rotating shaft (51), a tilting plate (72) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating ring (71), a moving frame (73) is configured on the outside of the tilting plate (72), a cross frame (74) is slidably provided at the bottom of the moving frame (73), a moving block (715) is slidably provided inside the cross frame (74), and the bottom of the moving block (715) is fixedly connected to the extrusion shaft (75).

3. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling assembly (7) further includes a fixing ring (76) fixedly connected to the interior of the processing frame (3), a liquid storage chamber (77) is provided inside the fixing ring (76), a medium is provided inside the liquid storage chamber (77), a groove (79) is provided inside the fixing ring (76) on the right side of the liquid storage chamber (77), a bellows (710) is fixedly connected inside the groove (79), and the bottom of the extrusion shaft (75) extends into the interior of the groove (79) and is fixedly connected to the top of the bellows (710).

4. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid adding tube (711) is fixedly connected between the bellows (710) and the cavity (54), an adding tube (712) is fixedly connected between the bellows (710) and the liquid storage cavity (77), and a check valve (713) is installed inside the adding tube (712) and the liquid adding tube (711). A return tube (714) is connected between the cavity (54) and the liquid storage cavity (77), and a solenoid valve (78) is installed inside the return tube (714).

5. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side of the motion frame (73) is rotatably connected to a ball (10) for reducing friction, and the ball (10) is in contact with the outer wall of the tilting plate (72) away from the motion frame (73).

6. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool feed and retract structure also includes: An adjusting assembly (8) is used to adjust the feed amount of the milling cutter (4) when the milling cutter (4) rotates one circle. The adjusting assembly (8) includes a cylinder (81) fixedly connected to the inside of the moving block (715). A second piston plate (82) is movable inside the cylinder (81). A circular shaft (83) is fixedly connected to the side of the second piston plate (82). The end of the circular shaft (83) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the cross frame (74).

7. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (8) includes a sleeve (84) fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the processing frame (3), a third piston plate (85) is movable inside the sleeve (84), a pipe (86) is fixedly inserted between the sleeve (84) and the cylinder (81), and an electric telescopic rod (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the processing frame (3), and the output shaft of the electric telescopic rod (11) extends into the interior of the sleeve (84) and is fixedly connected to the third piston plate (85).

8. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the conduit (86) is made from a length of hose material.

9. The tool feed and retract structure for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove (9) is provided on the outside of the rotating shaft (51) and located inside the rotating ring (71). An extrusion plate (12) is fixedly connected to the inside of the annular groove (9). An insertion groove (13) is provided inside the rotating ring (71). A limiting plate (14) is rotatably connected to the inside of the insertion groove (13). A magnetic block (15) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insertion groove (13).

10. A method for controlling tool advance and retraction of a numerically controlled machine tool, characterized in that: The method is applicable to the tool feed and retraction structure of a CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: S1, positioning, moving the milling cutter (4) to the position where the hole needs to be milled; S2, feeding, injecting the medium into the interior of the cavity (54) through the filling component (7) to achieve feeding.

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