Self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection. The self-powered ocean monitoring buoy comprises a main body, a sensor module arranged on the main body and a communication module connected with the sensor module. A power generation module and an electric storage module are arranged in the main body, the power generation module is electrically connected with the electric storage module, and the electric storage module is electrically connected with the sensor module and the communication module; the power generation module comprises a cantilever beam bonded with a piezoelectric material, a first magnet arranged at the tail end of the cantilever beam and a winding coil located below the first magnet, one end of the cantilever beam is fixed, and the other end of the cantilever beam can shake relative to the winding coil so as to drive the piezoelectric material to deform for power generation and drive the winding coil to cut magnetic induction lines for power generation; the wave energy is fully utilized, and the wave energy in any direction can cause shaking and deformation of the cantilever beam, so that the piezoelectric material and the winding coil can generate power, the power generation amount is increased, accidental failure of a single power generation form is avoided, and the power generation stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring technology, and in particular to a self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with increasing national investment in fundamental marine science research, projects relying on ocean buoy technology to obtain oceanographic and meteorological data for specific sea areas have been frequently initiated and implemented. Data from coastal and island observation stations only reflect conditions in the coastal and island-adjacent waters. Ocean buoys are unmanned, automated ocean observation stations, stationed in designated sea areas, providing real-time monitoring of sea surface meteorology (wind speed and direction, temperature and humidity), ocean hydrology (wave height and direction, current speed and direction, etc.).

[0003] Existing ocean buoys generally use polycrystalline silicon solar panels and lead-acid batteries with charging and power supply in an unmanned automatic operation mode. However, due to the changeable ocean weather, the output power of solar power generation equipment is low in rainy and gloomy weather. If there is a long period of rainy weather, the ocean buoy may have to stop monitoring due to power shortage, but this weather is exactly when monitoring is most needed.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the power supply mode of ocean buoys to meet the long-term power supply needs of ocean buoys. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection, comprising a main body, a sensor module arranged on the main body, and a communication module connected to the sensor module;

[0008] A power generation module and an electricity storage module are provided in the main body, the power generation module is electrically connected to the electricity storage module, and the electricity storage module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the communication module;

[0009] The power generation module includes a cantilever beam bonded with a piezoelectric material, a first magnet arranged at the end of the cantilever beam, and a winding coil located below the first magnet. One end of the cantilever beam is fixed, and the other end can swing relative to the winding coil to drive the piezoelectric material to deform and generate electricity, and the winding coil to cut magnetic lines of force to generate electricity.

[0010] Preferably, the cantilever beam is in a "7" shape, including a horizontal section and a vertical section, and both the horizontal section and the vertical section are covered with piezoelectric material.

[0011] Preferably, the cantilever beam further includes a bidirectional connecting block, one end of the horizontal segment is fixed, and the other end is fixed to one side of the bidirectional connecting block, one end of the vertical segment is fixed to the other side of the bidirectional connecting block, and the other end is fixed to the first magnet.

[0012] Preferably, the winding coil includes a winding base and a coil wound around the outer circumference of the winding base. The winding base is a hollow structure with a second magnet movable inside. The buoy fluctuates with the waves, driving the second magnet to move inside the winding base, so that the winding coil cuts the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity.

[0013] Preferably, deformable limit members are provided at both axial ends of the winding base, and piezoelectric material is adhered to the outer surface of the limit members. The second magnet moves between the two limit members and can collide with the limit members with the waves, causing them to deform and generate electricity.

[0014] Preferably, the piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric fiber composite material MFC.

[0015] Preferably, the main body comprises a cover, a base and a central mounting column, the cover is sealed and connected to the base to form a power generation cavity, and the central mounting column and the power generation module are located in the power generation cavity;

[0016] The plurality of power generation modules are distributed circumferentially with the central mounting column as the center, one end of the cantilever beam is fixed on the central mounting column, and the winding coils are correspondingly arranged on the base.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the power generation modules is four groups, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central mounting column.

[0018] Preferably, the main body further comprises a battery installation cavity, the battery installation cavity is located in the base, and the electrical storage module is located in the battery installation cavity.

[0019] Preferably, the cover shell includes a spherical top shell and a cylindrical shell, the spherical top shell is sealed and fixed to the top end of the cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is sealed and connected to the base to form the power generation chamber;

[0020] A partition is provided between the spherical top shell and the cylindrical shell, and the partition and the spherical top shell form a sensor installation cavity. The sensor module includes a meteorological sensor, and the detection end of the meteorological sensor is exposed from the spherical top shell and is sealed and connected to the sensor installation cavity.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection provided in the above technical solution has a power generation module and an electric storage module arranged in the main body. The power generation module includes piezoelectric material, a first magnet and a winding coil. When the buoy sways with the waves in the ocean, the cantilever beam in the main body will sway. During this process, the cantilever beam is deformed, and the piezoelectric material thereon also deforms and generates electricity. At the same time, the first magnet fixed at the end of the cantilever beam also sways relative to the winding coil, so that the winding coil cuts the magnetic flux lines of the first magnet and generates electricity. The piezoelectric material and the winding coil are electrically connected to the electric storage module respectively, and generate electricity in real time and store it in the electric storage module for use by the sensor module and the communication module. The power generation module in the buoy of the present application fully utilizes the wave energy. No matter which direction the wave energy comes from, it can cause the cantilever beam to shake and deform, so that both the piezoelectric material and the winding coil can generate electricity. As the wave energy increases, the power generation amount also increases, that is, the power supply to the sensor module and the communication module is guaranteed in severe weather, and real-time monitoring is achieved. At the same time, the piezoelectric material power generation and the winding coil power generation are combined, which, on the one hand, increases the power generation amount, and on the other hand, avoids the single power generation form from failing due to accidents, thereby improving the power generation stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of a buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power generation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 10. Main body; 11. Cover; 111. Spherical top shell; 112. Cylindrical shell; 113. Partition; 114. Sensor mounting cavity; 12. Base; 13. Central mounting column; 14. Power generation cavity; 15. Battery mounting cavity;

[0029] 20. Sensor module;

[0030] 30. Communication module;

[0031] 40. Power generation module; 41. Cantilever beam; 411. Horizontal section; 412. Vertical section; 413. Bidirectional connection block; 42. First magnet; 43. Winding coil; 431. Winding base; 432. Internal through hole; 433. Coil; 444. Stopper; 44. Second magnet; 45. Piezoelectric material;

[0032] 50. Electric storage module;

[0033] 60. Voltage stabilizing and rectifying circuit module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main body 10, a sensor module 20 arranged on the main body 10, and a communication module 30 connected to the sensor module 20. A power generation module 40 and an electricity storage module 50 are provided in the main body 10. The power generation module 40 is electrically connected to the electricity storage module 50, and the electricity storage module 50 is electrically connected to the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30. The power generation module 40 generates electricity independently and stores it through the electricity storage module 50 to power the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30, ensuring the normal operation of both, continuous monitoring and external transmission of data, and ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of monitoring. Whether it is a disposable buoy or a recoverable buoy, relatively accurate positioning can be achieved through the communication module 30 to ensure the accuracy of monitoring information.

[0038] The wave energy-based power generation module 40 generates unstable alternating current of varying amplitude and frequency. Therefore, the power generation module 40 is connected to the electrical storage module 50 via a voltage-stabilizing and rectifying circuit module 60. The generated electrical energy is first rectified and filtered, then converged and stabilized by a voltage regulator before being input into the electrical storage module 50 for storage. This part of the content is conventional technology in the field of wave energy power generation and will not be repeated here.

[0039] The power generation module 40 of this embodiment of the present invention includes a cantilever beam 41 bonded with a piezoelectric material 45, a first magnet 42 disposed at the end of the cantilever beam 41, and a winding coil 43 located below the first magnet 42. One end of the cantilever beam 41 is fixed, while the other end can swing relative to the winding coil 43, thereby causing the piezoelectric material 45 to deform and generate electricity, and the winding coil 43 to cut magnetic flux lines to generate electricity. The cantilever beam 41 itself is made of a deformable material with a certain mechanical strength, such as thick iron or copper sheet. When the buoy of this embodiment of the present invention sways in the ocean with waves, the cantilever beam 41 can swing back and forth, left and right, or twist, thereby causing the piezoelectric material 45 bonded thereto to deform, which in turn generates electricity. Simultaneously, the swing of the cantilever beam 41 causes the first magnet 42 fixed at the end of the cantilever beam 41 to swing, causing relative displacement with the relatively fixed winding coil 43, causing the winding coil 43 to cut the magnetic flux lines of the first magnet and generate electricity. The combination of the two power generation methods fully utilizes the wave energy. Regardless of the direction of the wave energy, it can cause the cantilever beam 41 to shake and deform, so that the piezoelectric material 45 and the winding coil 43 can both generate electricity. The greater the wave energy, the greater the power generation. That is, the power supply of the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30 is guaranteed in severe weather, and real-time monitoring is achieved. At the same time, the power generation of the piezoelectric material 45 and the power generation of the winding coil 43 are combined. On the one hand, the power generation is increased, and on the other hand, the failure of a single power generation form due to accidents is avoided, thereby improving the power generation stability.

[0040] The cantilever beam 41 can be in the shape of a straight line, fixedly connected to the main body 10 horizontally or vertically, or can be tilted, and can both be shaken under the impact of waves. Figure 2 As shown, the cantilever beam 41 in this embodiment is in the shape of a "7", including a horizontal section 411 and a vertical section 412, to ensure that the first magnet 42 located at the end produces relatively large shaking, thereby increasing the power generation; at the same time, piezoelectric materials 45 are attached to both the horizontal section 411 and the vertical section 412. For the piezoelectric materials 45 on different sections, different power generation units can be formed respectively. The deformation directions of the horizontal section 411 and the vertical section 412 are different. Under the impact of waves in different directions, the piezoelectric materials 45 can be deformed and generate electricity, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cantilever beam 41 also includes a bidirectional connection block 413. One end of the horizontal section 411 is fixed, and the other end is fixed to one side of the bidirectional connection block 413. One end of the vertical section 412 is fixed to the other side of the bidirectional connection block 413, and the other end is fixed to the first magnet 42. The horizontal section 411 and the vertical section 412 are split structures to reduce processing difficulty. Two adjacent sides of the bidirectional connection block 413 are provided with slots, which are respectively plugged and fixed to the horizontal section 411 and the vertical section 412. Furthermore, bonding can be used on the basis of plugging to improve the connection stability and prevent the cantilever beam 41 from breaking under the violent impact of waves. At the same time, the wiring between the piezoelectric material 45 on the horizontal section 411 and the vertical section and the rectifier and filter circuit can be fixed along the surface of the cantilever beam 41 to avoid interfering with the shaking of the cantilever beam 41. In particular, the wiring of the piezoelectric material 45 on the vertical section extends through the surface of the bidirectional connection block 413 to the horizontal section 411, and then merges with other wiring.

[0042] As attached Figure 2As shown, the winding coil 43 includes a winding base 431 and a coil 433 wound around the outer periphery of the winding base 431. The winding base 431 is a hollow structure with a second magnet 44 movably installed inside. The buoy moves with the waves, driving the second magnet 44 to move within the winding base 431, causing the winding coil 43 to cut through magnetic flux lines to generate electricity. The cross-section of the internal through-hole 432 of the winding base 431 can be circular, and the corresponding cross-section of the second magnet 44 can also be circular. Alternatively, the cross-section of the internal through-hole 432 of the winding base 431 can be square, and the corresponding cross-section of the second magnet 44 can also be square. This restricts the rotation of the second magnet 44 within the internal through-hole 432 of the winding base 431, so that the second magnet 44 can only move axially along the internal through-hole 432. To prevent the second magnet 44 from disengaging from the internal through-hole 432 of the winding base 431, stoppers 444 are provided at both axial ends of the winding base 431. Preferably, the limit member 444 is deformable, and a piezoelectric material 45 is adhered to the outer surface. The second magnet 44 moves between the two limit members 444 and can collide with the limit member 444 with the waves, causing it to deform and generate electricity, thereby improving the kinetic energy conversion rate of the second magnet 44, converting more kinetic energy into electrical energy, and avoiding damage to the second magnet 44 due to hard collision with the winding base 431.

[0043] The axial movement of the second magnet 44 inside the winding base 431 also has another function: the buoy swings under the action of waves, which directly drives the second magnet 44 in the internal through hole 432 of the winding base 431 to swing back and forth, and under magnetoelectric induction, the winding coil 43 generates current. At the same time, under the action of the magnetic field, the first magnet 42 at the end of the cantilever beam 41 also swings back and forth, that is, the cantilever beam 41 not only swings under the action of waves, but also swings under the magnetic force of the second magnet 44 and the first magnet 42, and the amount of swing is greater, which makes the deformation of the piezoelectric material 45 larger, further improving the power generation.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the piezoelectric material 45 can be a piezoelectric fiber composite material MFC, piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric chips or piezoelectric films, etc., preferably a piezoelectric fiber composite material MFC, which combines the advantages of piezoelectric ceramics and flexible polymers, and has the advantages of high strain energy density, direct drive, good applicability and durability.

[0045] The piezoelectric material is fixed to the cantilever beam by bonding. Specifically, thermosetting AB glue is mixed in a ratio of 1:2 and coated on the back of the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material is then attached to the cantilever beam and heated at a constant temperature of 165°C for one hour to achieve complete adhesion. The piezoelectric material is bonded to the center of the side of the cantilever beam, with an area smaller than that of the side of the cantilever beam. The piezoelectric material can be bonded to both sides of the cantilever beam or only to one side.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the main body 10 includes a cover 11, a base 12 and a central mounting column 13. The cover 11 is sealed and connected to the base 12 to form a power generation chamber 14. The central mounting column 13 and the power generation module 40 are located in the power generation chamber 14, ensuring the sealing and waterproof properties of the power generation chamber 14 and preventing the power generation module 40 from being damaged by seawater erosion.

[0047] Several power generation modules 40 are distributed circumferentially with the central mounting column 13 as the center, one end of the cantilever beam 41 is fixed on the central mounting column 13, and the winding coil 43 is correspondingly arranged on the base 12; the advantage of this arrangement is that, on the one hand, the distance and shaking space between the cantilever beams 41 of each power generation module 40 are increased, avoiding interference and accidental collision between the cantilever beams 41; at the same time, the cantilever beam 41 of this embodiment and the piezoelectric material 45 thereon can limit the disordered shaking amplitude of the first magnet 42 at the end of the cantilever beam 41, avoiding adjacent first magnets 42 colliding with each other or hitting the main body 10 or the central mounting column 13 and being damaged or falling off, thereby ensuring normal power generation of the winding coil 43; on the other hand, the integration of several power generation modules 40 is realized, the volume of the entire buoy is reduced, and at the same time, the wiring of different power generation units is converged on the central mounting column 13, avoiding interference with the shaking of the cantilever beam 41 by the wiring or damage to the wiring by the shaking of the cantilever beam 41, resulting in the inability to conduct and store electricity.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the number of power generation modules 40 in this embodiment is four groups, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central mounting column 13, that is, each power generation module 40 corresponds to the four directions of front, back, left and right respectively. Not only can they cope with the impact force of waves of different shapes, but they will not interfere with each other. The cantilever beams 41 will not be entangled with each other and damaged under violent shaking, affecting the normal operation and electricity storage of the power generation module 40.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the main body 10 of this embodiment also includes a battery installation cavity 15, the battery installation cavity 15 is located in the base 12, and the electric storage module 50 is located in the battery installation cavity 15, that is, the heavier electric storage module 50 is arranged at the bottom of the entire main body 10, plus the winding coil 43 and the second magnet 44 arranged on the base 12, the entire buoy is light on the top and heavy on the bottom, with the center of gravity at the bottom, and it fluctuates and swings under the impact of ocean waves, and is always in a stable state, so that the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30 located at the top of the main body 10 are always exposed above the water surface, ensuring that the data monitoring function and the data transmission function are not or are less affected by the obstruction of seawater, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy and communication timeliness.

[0050] Based on this, the cover shell 11 includes a spherical top shell 111 and a cylindrical shell 112. The spherical top shell 111 is sealed and fixed on the top of the cylindrical shell 112. The cylindrical shell 112 is sealed and connected to the base 12 to form a power generation chamber 14. A partition 113 is provided between the spherical top shell 111 and the cylindrical shell 112. The partition 113 and the spherical top shell 111 form a sensor installation chamber 114. The communication module 30 and the voltage stabilizing rectifier circuit module 60 are also located in the sensor installation chamber 114. The sensor module 20 includes a meteorological sensor. The detection end of the meteorological sensor is exposed in the spherical top shell 111 and is sealed and connected to the sensor installation chamber 114, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30.

[0051] The wiring gathered through the central mounting column 13 enters the sensor mounting cavity 114 through the through-hole on the partition 113 and is connected to the voltage stabilizing and rectifying circuit module 60. Then, the circuit of the voltage stabilizing and rectifying circuit module 60 passes downward from the through-hole and extends downward along the partition 113 and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 112 into the battery wiring hole on the base 12, and is electrically connected to the electric storage module 50 to realize the storage of electric energy; the electric storage module 50 includes a number of evenly distributed batteries, and the battery wiring then passes through the battery wiring hole upward along the base 12, the partition 113 and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 112 into the through-hole on the partition 113, and is electrically connected to the sensor module 20 and the communication module 30 to realize power supply.

[0052] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-powered ocean monitoring buoy based on ocean wave energy collection, characterized in that: It includes a main body, a sensor module arranged on the main body, and a communication module connected to the sensor module; A power generation module and an electricity storage module are provided in the main body, the power generation module is electrically connected to the electricity storage module, and the electricity storage module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the communication module; The power generation module includes a cantilever beam bonded with a piezoelectric material, a first magnet arranged at the end of the cantilever beam, and a winding coil located below the first magnet. One end of the cantilever beam is fixed, and the other end can swing relative to the winding coil to drive the piezoelectric material to deform and generate electricity, and the winding coil to cut magnetic lines of force to generate electricity.

2. The buoy according to claim 1, wherein The cantilever beam is in the shape of a "7", including a horizontal section and a vertical section, and both the horizontal section and the vertical section are affixed with piezoelectric material.

3. The buoy according to claim 2, wherein: The cantilever beam also includes a bidirectional connecting block, one end of the horizontal section is fixed, and the other end is fixed to one side of the bidirectional connecting block, one end of the vertical section is fixed to the other side of the bidirectional connecting block, and the other end is fixed to the first magnet.

4. The buoy according to claim 1, wherein The winding coil includes a winding base and a coil wound around the outer circumference of the winding base. The winding base is a hollow structure with a second magnet movable inside. When the buoy fluctuates with the waves, it drives the second magnet to move inside the winding base, causing the winding coil to cut the magnetic lines of force to generate electricity.

5. The buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that Deformable limiters are provided at both axial ends of the winding base, and piezoelectric material is adhered to the outer surface of the limiters. The second magnet moves between the two limiters and can collide with the limiters with the waves, causing them to deform and generate electricity.

6. The buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric fiber composite material MFC.

7. The buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The main body includes a cover, a base and a central mounting column, the cover is sealed and connected to the base to form a power generation cavity, and the central mounting column and the power generation module are located in the power generation cavity; The plurality of power generation modules are distributed circumferentially with the central mounting column as the center, one end of the cantilever beam is fixed on the central mounting column, and the winding coils are correspondingly arranged on the base.

8. The buoy according to claim 7, characterized in that The number of the power generation modules is four, and they are evenly distributed circumferentially around the central mounting column.

9. The buoy according to claim 7, characterized in that The main body further includes a battery installation cavity located in the base, and the electrical storage module is located in the battery installation cavity.

10. The buoy according to claim 7, wherein The cover shell includes a spherical top shell and a cylindrical shell, the spherical top shell is sealed and fixed to the top of the cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell is sealed and connected to the base to form the power generation chamber; A partition is provided between the spherical top shell and the cylindrical shell, and the partition and the spherical top shell form a sensor installation cavity. The sensor module includes a meteorological sensor, and the detection end of the meteorological sensor is exposed from the spherical top shell and is sealed and connected to the sensor installation cavity.

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