Lightweight fireproof foaming partition board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and discloses a preparation method of a light fireproof foaming partition wall board, which comprises the following steps: adding a dehalogenation water-reducing reinforcing agent into light burning powder, calcium carbonate and vermiculite powder, adding a magnesium sulfate solution and an illegal cooking oil solution subjected to saponification reaction as foaming agents, uniformly stirring, filling compressed air for foaming, injecting into a mold, curing and molding, and obtaining the light fireproof foaming partition wall board. And demolding and curing to obtain the light fireproof foaming partition board. Wherein the components comprise, by weight, 400-600 parts of light burning powder, 10-30 parts of calcium carbonate, 30-80 parts of vermiculite powder, 2-20 parts of a dehalogenation water-reducing reinforcing agent, 550-800 parts of a magnesium sulfate solution, and 4-16 parts of an illegal cooking oil solution subjected to a saponification reaction. The preparation method provided by the invention can effectively solve the key technical problems of halogenation, hardware corrosion, low strength, poor heat insulation performance and the like which restrict the quality and fireproof grade of the partition wall material in the current lightweight fireproof foaming partition wall board material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and in particular relates to a lightweight fireproof foam partition board and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight, thermally insulating, and soundproof building materials are essential for the development of prefabricated buildings. Prefabricated buildings are a key area of ​​future development for the construction and building materials industries. Compared to traditional buildings, prefabricated buildings offer advantages such as faster construction, less susceptibility to climatic conditions during construction, a pollution-free and environmentally friendly manufacturing process, labor savings, and superior construction quality. However, the accompanying wall panels, due to their heavy weight and poor insulation, struggle to meet energy-saving requirements. Therefore, the research and development of inorganic insulation materials suitable for prefabricated building wall panels, with excellent insulation, fire resistance, and environmental friendliness, has become a hot topic in the prefabricated building sector.

[0003] Currently, most lightweight partition materials are made of expanded perlite, foamed perlite, and foamed cement. The thermal conductivity, strength, and corrosive properties of these materials directly affect the fire-resistant and heat-insulating properties of fire doors. If the core panel is not thick enough, the thermal insulation performance may be substandard. The core panel should be strong enough to resist breakage during transportation. If the strength is low and the core panel cracks, the cracks will be left without thermal insulation. Commonly used fire-resistant partition panels are made from magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide. One method is to directly foam the core panel, while the other is to use magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide as binders and expanded perlite as the aggregate to form the core panel. Steel fire doors are prone to "halogen regeneration": large amounts of chloride ions are released, undergoing an electrochemical reaction with the steel plate, causing rust and decay of the door panel, gradually separating the core panel from the steel plate, and affecting the thermal insulation performance of the fire door. In summary, there is an urgent need to research and develop a method for manufacturing high-strength, lightweight, and non-halogen regeneration fire-resistant lightweight partition panels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a lightweight fireproof foam partition board and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: A method for preparing a lightweight fireproof foam partition board comprises the following steps: adding a dehalogenation and water-reducing enhancer to light-burned powder, light calcium carbonate and vermiculite powder, and adding a magnesium sulfate solution and a waste cooking oil solution that has undergone a saponification reaction as a foaming agent; stirring the mixture evenly; injecting compressed air for foaming; injecting the mixture into a mold for curing and forming; demoulding and curing to obtain the lightweight fireproof foam partition board; wherein, in parts by weight, the light-burned powder comprises 400-600 parts, the light calcium carbonate comprises 10-30 parts, the vermiculite powder comprises 30-80 parts, the dehalogenation and water-reducing enhancer comprises 2-20 parts, the magnesium sulfate solution comprises 550-800 parts, and the waste cooking oil solution that has undergone a saponification reaction comprises 4-16 parts.

[0006] In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the waste oil solution that has undergone saponification reaction is prepared by the following preparation method: adding 1-5 parts by weight of a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution to 100 parts by weight of waste oil, stirring evenly, adding 5-10 parts by weight of activated clay, adding 10-50 parts by weight of water, stirring and heating to 50-80°C and keeping warm for 20-40 minutes, washing and decolorizing, standing and stratifying, separating and removing the water layer; heating the washed and stratified waste oil to 80-100°C and stirring continuously, adding 10-30 parts by weight of a 30% sodium hydroxide solution in 2-4 times, keeping warm and stirring for saponification reaction for 0.5-1.5 hours; standing and stratifying, retaining the upper soap glue, washing it 1-2 times with 5-20 parts of water; and then adding 1-10 times of water and stirring evenly to prepare the preparation method.

[0007] In the above preparation method, preferably, the dehalogenation and water-reducing reinforcing agent is wood and bamboo fiber.

[0008] In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, the wood-bamboo fiber is obtained by uniformly mixing 80-100 parts by weight of pine fiber and 10-30 parts by weight of bamboo fiber, then adding 8-12 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and grinding for 5-15 minutes, sealing, and placing in a 40-50°C oven for 0.5-2.0 hours. The use of short and long fibers in the wood-bamboo fiber can synergistically improve the strength, toughness, and cell stability of the partition board; the use of pine fiber optimizes dispersion and toughness, while the bamboo fiber enhances load-bearing and crack resistance, achieving functional complementarity.

[0009] In the above preparation method, preferably, the length of the pine wood fiber is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the aspect ratio is 10-20; the length of the bamboo fiber is 4-6 mm, and the aspect ratio is 20-50.

[0010] In the above preparation method, preferably, the vermiculite powder has a particle size of 100 mesh.

[0011] In the above preparation method, preferably, the light-burned powder is industrial-grade light-burned powder, the magnesium oxide content of which is 80%-85%, and the active magnesium oxide content in the industrial-grade light-burned powder is 55%-65%; the mass concentration of the magnesium sulfate solution is 10%-65%.

[0012] In the above preparation method, preferably, the compressed air pressure during the compressed air foaming process is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the foaming time is 5-10 min; the curing reaction is carried out at a temperature of 20-28°C and a relative humidity of 60-95% for 6-12 hours; and the curing time is 5-15 days.

[0013] As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a lightweight fireproof foam partition board prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, wherein the average pore diameter of the lightweight fireproof foam partition board is 0.1-2mm and the density is 200-400kg / m 3 .

[0014] The above-mentioned lightweight fireproof foam partition board preferably has a moisture expansion rate of less than 0.25%, a flexural strength greater than 1 MPa, a compressive strength greater than 5 MPa, a thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.03 W / (m·k), and a fire protection grade of A1.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention uses wood and bamboo fibers as dehalogenation and water-reducing reinforcing agents. The extremely high strength-to-weight ratio of wood and bamboo fibers can enhance the tensile strength and flexural strength of lightweight fireproof foam partition boards. The high specific surface area and cell cavities of wood and bamboo fibers can fully absorb halide ions or other soluble salts to eliminate the moisture absorption and deformation effect of lightweight fireproof foam partition boards. The high specific surface area and cell cavities of wood and bamboo fibers can also fully absorb excess water to increase the initial viscosity of the foam and the initial strength of the lightweight fireproof foam partition boards.

[0016] (2) The present invention uses magnesium sulfate instead of magnesium chloride to eliminate the electrochemical corrosion and halogen back reaction of chloride ions. The composite of light calcium carbonate and vermiculite powder can eliminate the moisture absorption deformation and electrochemical corrosion of the lightweight fireproof foam partition board through the deposition reaction of sulfate ions.

[0017] (3) The present invention uses the waste cooking oil solution from saponification reaction as a foaming agent to prepare a lightweight fireproof foam partition board with high strength and strong thermal insulation performance.

[0018] (4) The preparation method of the present invention can effectively solve the key technical problems of the current lightweight fireproof foam partition board materials, such as halogen backflow, corrosion of hardware, low strength, and poor thermal insulation performance, which restrict the quality and fireproof grade of partition materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0022] The light-burned powder used in the following examples and comparative examples is industrial-grade light-burned powder, which has a MgO content of 80%-85% and an active magnesium oxide content of 55%-65%.

[0023] Example 1: A method for preparing a lightweight fireproof foam partition board of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of saponified waste oil solution: Add 30 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 kg of waste oil collected from restaurants, stir evenly, add 60 g of activated clay and 200 g of water, stir and heat to 60 °C for 30 min, wash and decolorize, let stand to separate, separate and remove the water layer; take the upper layer of waste oil after washing and separation, heat to 90 °C, add 30% sodium hydroxide solution in 4 times while stirring continuously, add 45 g each time, keep warm and saponify for 1 h, let stand to separate, retain the upper soap gel, rinse with 50 mL of water, add 2.5 kg of water and stir evenly, to prepare the saponified waste oil solution as a foaming agent, set aside; (2) Preparation of wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent: 800 g of pine fiber (length 0.8-1.2 mm, aspect ratio 10-20) and 200 g of bamboo fiber (length 4-6 mm, aspect ratio 40-50) were mixed evenly, and 100 mL of 30% sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred and ground for 10 min, sealed and placed in a 50 °C oven for 1 h to prepare the wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent for later use. (3) Prepare magnesium sulfate solution: weigh 230 g of magnesium sulfate, add 1000 mL of water, stir to fully dissolve, and let it stand for 12 hours to prepare magnesium sulfate solution for later use; (4) Preparation of lightweight fireproof foam partition board: Add 600 g of light-burned powder, 15 g of light calcium carbonate and 50 g of vermiculite powder (100 mesh) into a stirring foaming machine, add 5 g of wood and bamboo fiber water-reducing enhancer while stirring continuously, then add 675 g of magnesium sulfate solution and stir evenly, add 10 g of saponified waste oil solution and stir evenly, inflate and foam at a pressure of 0.8 MPa for 8 minutes, then pour into a mold with a thickness of 40 mm, place in an environment with a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 85% for curing reaction for 8 hours, demould, transfer to a curing box and cure for 12 days to obtain a lightweight fireproof foam partition board.

[0024] Example 2: A method for preparing a lightweight fireproof foam partition board of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of saponified waste oil solution: Add 30 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 kg of waste oil collected from restaurants, stir evenly, add 60 g of activated clay and 200 g of water, stir and heat to 60 °C for 30 min, wash and decolorize, let stand to separate, separate and remove the water layer; take the upper layer of waste oil after washing and separation, heat to 90 °C, add 30% sodium hydroxide solution in 4 times while stirring continuously, add 45 g each time, keep warm and saponify for 1 h, let stand to separate, retain the upper soap gel, rinse with 50 mL of water, add 2.5 kg of water and stir evenly, to prepare the saponified waste oil solution as a foaming agent, set aside; (2) Preparation of wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent: 800 g of pine fiber (length 0.8-1.2 mm, aspect ratio 10-20) and 200 g of bamboo fiber (length 4-6 mm, aspect ratio 40-50) were mixed evenly, and 100 mL of 30% sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred and ground for 10 min, sealed and placed in a 50 °C oven for 1 h to prepare the wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent for later use. (3) Prepare magnesium sulfate solution: weigh 230 g of magnesium sulfate, add 1000 mL of water, stir to fully dissolve, and let it stand for 12 hours to prepare magnesium sulfate solution for later use; (4) Preparation of lightweight fireproof foam partition board: Add 600 g of light-burned powder, 15 g of light calcium carbonate and 50 g of vermiculite powder (100 mesh) into a stirring foaming machine, add 8 g of wood and bamboo fiber water-reducing enhancer under continuous stirring, then add 700 g of magnesium sulfate solution and stir evenly, add 12 g of saponified waste oil solution and stir evenly, inflate and foam at a pressure of 0.8 MPa for 8 minutes, then pour into a mold with a thickness of 40 mm, place in an environment with a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 85% for curing reaction for 8 hours, demould, transfer to a curing box and cure for 12 days to obtain a lightweight fireproof foam partition board.

[0025] Example 3: A method for preparing a lightweight fireproof foam partition board of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of saponified waste oil solution: Add 30 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 kg of waste oil collected from restaurants, stir evenly, add 60 g of activated clay and 200 g of water, stir and heat to 60 °C for 30 min, wash and decolorize, let stand to separate, separate and remove the water layer; take the upper layer of waste oil after washing and separation, heat to 90 °C, add 30% sodium hydroxide solution in 4 times while stirring continuously, add 45 g each time, keep warm and saponify for 1 h, let stand to separate, retain the upper soap gel, rinse with 50 mL of water, add 2.5 kg of water and stir evenly, to prepare the saponified waste oil solution as a foaming agent, set aside; (2) Preparation of wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent: 800 g of pine fiber (length 0.8-1.2 mm, aspect ratio 10-20) and 200 g of bamboo fiber (length 4-6 mm, aspect ratio 40-50) were mixed evenly, and 100 mL of 30% sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred and ground for 10 min, sealed and placed in a 50 °C oven for 1 h to prepare the wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent for later use. (3) Prepare magnesium sulfate solution: weigh 230 g of magnesium sulfate, add 1000 mL of water, stir to fully dissolve, and let it stand for 12 hours to prepare magnesium sulfate solution for later use; (4) Preparation of lightweight fireproof foam partition board: Add 600 g of light-burned powder, 15 g of light calcium carbonate and 50 g of vermiculite powder (100 mesh) into a stirring foaming machine, add 4 g of wood and bamboo fiber water-reducing enhancer while stirring continuously, then add 600 g of magnesium sulfate solution and stir evenly, add 8 g of saponified waste oil solution and stir evenly, inflate and foam at a pressure of 0.8 MPa for 8 minutes, then pour into a mold with a thickness of 40 mm, place in an environment with a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 85% for curing reaction for 8 hours, demould, transfer to a curing box and cure for 12 days to obtain a lightweight fireproof foam partition board.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the wood-bamboo fiber water-reducing and strengthening agent is not prepared, and the wood-bamboo fiber water-reducing and strengthening agent is not introduced in step (4).

[0027] Comparative Example 2: The preparation method of the fireproof foam partition board of this comparative example comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of saponified waste oil solution: Add 30 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution to 1 kg of waste oil collected from restaurants, stir evenly, add 60 g of activated clay and 200 g of water, stir and heat to 60 °C for 30 min, wash and decolorize, let stand to separate, separate and remove the water layer; take the upper layer of waste oil after washing and separation, heat to 90 °C, add 30% sodium hydroxide solution in 4 times while stirring continuously, add 45 g each time, keep warm and saponify for 1 h, let stand to separate, retain the upper soap gel, rinse with 50 mL of water, add 2.5 kg of water and stir evenly, to prepare the saponified waste oil solution as a foaming agent, set aside; (2) Preparation of wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent: 800 g of pine fiber (length 0.8-1.2 mm, aspect ratio 10-20) and 200 g of bamboo fiber (length 4-6 mm, aspect ratio 40-50) were mixed evenly, and 100 mL of 30% sodium hydroxide solution was added. The mixture was stirred and ground for 10 min, sealed and placed in a 50 °C oven for 1 h to prepare the wood-bamboo fiber dehalogenation and water-reducing strengthening agent for later use. (3) Prepare magnesium chloride solution: weigh 230 g of magnesium chloride, add 1000 mL of water, stir to fully dissolve, and let it stand for 12 hours to prepare magnesium chloride solution for later use; (4) Preparation of lightweight fireproof foam partition board: Add 600 g of light-burned powder, 15 g of light calcium carbonate and 50 g of vermiculite powder (100 mesh) into a stirring foaming machine, add 5 g of wood and bamboo fiber water-reducing enhancer under continuous stirring, then add 675 g of magnesium chloride solution and stir evenly, add 10 mL of saponified waste oil solution and stir evenly, inflate and foam at a pressure of 0.8 MPa for 8 minutes, then pour into a mold with a thickness of 40 mm, place in an environment with a temperature of 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 85% for curing reaction for 8 hours, demould, transfer to a curing box and cure for 12 days to obtain a lightweight fireproof foam partition board.

[0028] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the waste cooking oil solution that has undergone saponification reaction is not prepared, and the waste cooking oil solution that has undergone saponification reaction in step (4) is replaced by 10 mL of Liby detergent.

[0029] The physical and mechanical properties of the foamed fire door core panels prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were tested. The moisture expansion rate was determined according to GB / T 50082-2009, the pore diameter was determined according to the nitrogen adsorption method, the compressive strength and flexural strength of the material were determined according to GBT 17671-2021, the thermal conductivity of the samples was tested according to the ASTM-C518 test standard, the fire rating of the material was determined according to GB 8624-2012, and the degree of halogen reversion was determined according to JC / T 568-2022. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Table 1 Performance indicators of lightweight fireproof foam partition boards

[0031] As can be seen from Table 1, the lightweight fireproof foam partition board prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has obvious advantages over the fiber-free reinforced foam fireproof door core board, the magnesium chloride brine foam fireproof door core board, and the detergent surfactant foam fireproof door core board, such as low density, small moisture expansion rate, high compressive strength, high flexural strength, low thermal conductivity, and high fireproof grade.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight fireproof foam partition board, characterized in that: A dehalogenation and water-reducing enhancer is added to light-burned powder, light calcium carbonate and vermiculite powder, and magnesium sulfate solution and a waste cooking oil solution subjected to a saponification reaction are added as a foaming agent. The mixture is stirred evenly, filled with compressed air for foaming, injected into a mold for curing and molding, and demolded and cured to obtain the lightweight fireproof foam partition board. The light-burned powder comprises 400-600 parts by weight, 10-30 parts by weight of light calcium carbonate, 30-80 parts by weight of vermiculite powder, 2-20 parts by weight of the dehalogenation and water-reducing enhancer, 550-800 parts by weight of the waste cooking oil solution, and 4-16 parts by weight of the waste cooking oil solution subjected to a saponification reaction.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The waste oil solution after saponification reaction is prepared by the following preparation method: adding hydrogen peroxide solution to waste oil, stirring evenly, adding activated clay and water, stirring and heating to 50-80° C. and keeping the temperature for 20-40 minutes, washing and decolorizing, standing to separate, separating and removing the water layer; then heating the washed and separated waste oil to 80-100° C., adding sodium hydroxide solution in 2-4 times while constantly stirring, keeping the temperature and stirring for saponification reaction for 0.5-1.5 hours; standing to separate, retaining the upper soap glue, washing, and finally adding 1-10 times water and stirring evenly.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein The mass ratio of waste cooking oil, hydrogen peroxide solution, activated clay and sodium hydroxide solution is 100:1-5:5-10:10-30.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The dehalogenation and water-reducing reinforcing agent is wood and bamboo fiber.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein The wood bamboo fiber is obtained by uniformly mixing 80-100 parts by weight of pine fiber and 10-30 parts by weight of bamboo fiber, then adding 8-12 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and grinding for 5-15 minutes, sealing and sealing, and placing in a 40-50° C. oven for 0.5-2.0 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein The length of the pine wood fiber is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the aspect ratio is 10-20; the length of the bamboo fiber is 4-6 mm, and the aspect ratio is 20-50.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The light-burned powder is industrial-grade light-burned powder, with a magnesium oxide content of 80%-85% and an active magnesium oxide content of 55%-65%; the mass concentration of the magnesium sulfate solution is 10%-65%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein During the compressed air foaming process, the compressed air pressure is 0.6-1.2MPa, and the foaming time is 5-10 minutes; the curing reaction is carried out for 6-12 hours at a temperature of 20-28°C and a relative humidity of 60-95%; the curing time is 5-15 days.

9. A lightweight fireproof foam partition board prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The average pore diameter of the lightweight fireproof foam partition board is 0.1-2mm, and the density is 200-400kg / m 3 .

10. The lightweight fireproof foam partition board according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lightweight fireproof foam partition board has a moisture expansion rate of less than 0.25%, a flexural strength greater than 1 MPa, a compressive strength greater than 5 MPa, a thermal conductivity coefficient less than 0.03W / (m·k), and a fire protection grade of A1.

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