Excavator for aluminum magnesium alloy pipeline construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ditch excavation and backfilling equipment, and discloses an excavator for aluminum magnesium alloy pipeline construction. The excavator comprises an excavator bucket movably connected with a small arm, a filter cylinder, a telescopic cylinder and a heavy frame are arranged in the excavator bucket, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the excavator bucket, and the free end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with a lifting roller; four to eight groups of telescopic cylinders and lifting rollers are arranged, and the four to eight groups of telescopic cylinders and lifting rollers are used for lifting the filter cartridge from two sides of the filter cartridge respectively. The excavator for aluminum magnesium alloy pipeline construction is provided with the excavator bucket and the filter cylinder, large stone blocks in earthwork can be screened out during backfilling, the situation that hard stone blocks damage a pipeline oxidation layer is avoided, meanwhile, the excavator bucket is connected with the filter cylinder through the heavy frame or the telescopic cylinder, the heavy frame bears impact force of the filter cylinder during excavation, the telescopic cylinder bears main impact force during material screening, and the excavator bucket is connected with the filter cylinder through the heavy frame or the telescopic cylinder. And the reliability and service life of the bearing, the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic system can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ditch excavation and backfilling equipment, and in particular to an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum-magnesium alloy pipes have the characteristics of "lightweight, corrosion resistance, and easy processing". They have significant advantages in medium and low pressure, medium and low temperature, and weight-sensitive scenarios, and are one of the ideal alternative materials to traditional metal pipes.

[0003] A dense oxide film naturally forms on the surface of aluminum-magnesium alloys, preventing further corrosion of the metal inside. It is particularly stable in air, fresh water, and neutral solutions. However, this oxide film is brittle and can crack or fall off if subjected to severe impact, bending, or friction, thus losing its protective effect.

[0004] Excavators are commonly used in pipeline laying. They can be equipped with different tools to achieve varying operational capabilities. During backfilling, to prevent large rocks from damaging the pipe's oxide layer, excavators are often equipped with a screening bucket, which effectively filters out large, hard rocks during backfilling.

[0005] The screening bucket consists of a bucket, filter cartridge, and hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor directly drives the filter cartridge. During actual operation, the screening bucket often generates significant impact forces during screening and excavation operations. Specifically, when the screening bucket excavates material, the moment the bucket contacts hard materials (such as rocks and concrete blocks) creates a strong collision impact. During the screening process, the friction and compression between the rotating filter cartridge and the material, as well as the tumbling and falling of the material within the filter cartridge, also generate continuous and unstable impact forces. These impact forces act directly on the shaft and bearings of the screening bucket. Due to the rigid connection between the shaft and bearings and the hydraulic motor, the impact forces are further transmitted to the hydraulic motor.

[0006] This continuous impact can have a variety of adverse effects on related components. For bearings, frequent impact loads can cause fatigue damage to their raceways and rolling elements, exacerbating wear, reducing their accuracy and load-bearing capacity, and shortening their service life. For hydraulic motors, the transmission of impact forces places additional stress on their internal components (such as the rotor, stator, and valve plate), which can easily cause deformation, cracks, and even failure. This not only reduces the hydraulic motor's reliability but also significantly shortens its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application proposes an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, which is equipped with a bucket and a filter cartridge. The excavator can screen out large rocks in the earthwork during backfilling to prevent hard rocks from damaging the oxide layer of the pipeline. At the same time, the hydraulic motor is almost unaffected by the impact force when driving the filter cartridge to rotate, thereby ensuring the reliability and service life of the bearings, hydraulic motor and hydraulic system.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solution: an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, comprising a bucket movably connected to a forearm, a filter cartridge provided in the bucket, and further comprising: The telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bucket, and a lifting rod is connected to the free end thereof. There are four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders and lifting rods, and the four to eight sets of telescopic cylinders and lifting rods lift the filter cartridge from both sides of the filter cartridge respectively. The telescopic cylinder is connected to a buffer chamber; The load-bearing frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the bucket. When the telescopic cylinder is retracted, the load-bearing frame supports the filter cartridge. The driving assembly includes a hydraulic motor, the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the connecting cylinder through a radially movable coupling, the connecting cylinder is connected to a slider through a thrust bearing, and both sides of the thrust bearing are connected to the slider through elastic pads.

[0009] Furthermore, the filter cartridge is provided with an annular support rail corresponding to the position of the lifting rod. When the filter cartridge rotates, the lifting rod rolls on the support rail. The lifting rod and the support rail are both conical, and the conical surfaces of the two match, so that the lifting rod can absorb part of the axial impact.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder is connected to the lifting rod through a connecting shaft, and elastic telescopic rods are provided at both ends of the connecting shaft, and the lifting rod is installed on the telescopic rods.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator through a connecting cylinder. The connecting cylinder includes a cylinder fixedly connected to the bucket, a second movable plug movably connected in the cylinder, a buffer chamber is provided at the top of the cylinder, compressed gas is stored in the buffer chamber, and a connecting head at the lower part of the buffer chamber is connected to the telescopic cylinder. One side of the cylinder is provided at the pressure port, with the first movable plug as the boundary, and the connecting port between the buffer chamber and the cylinder is located on the side facing away from the pressure port. When the pressure port is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug can pass over the connecting port between the buffer chamber and the cylinder. After the first movable plug passes over the buffer chamber, the excavator hydraulic system is separated from the telescopic cylinder to prevent the impact force from being transmitted to the hydraulic system.

[0012] Furthermore, a second movable plug is provided in the cylinder, which is bounded by the first movable plug and located at the end of the cylinder facing away from the pressure port, and the end of the cylinder facing away from the pressure port is connected to the atmosphere. A spring is provided between the second movable plug and the cylinder for compression, and the pressure port is located between the first movable plug and the second movable plug. On the one hand, it ensures that the first movable plug can pass through the buffer chamber, and on the other hand, the spring can ensure that the first movable plug is reset.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressure port is communicated with the high pressure port of the hydraulic motor.

[0014] Furthermore, the load-bearing frame includes a bracket fixedly connected to the bucket, a support plate is provided on the bracket, a force-bearing cylinder corresponding to the support plate is provided on the filter cartridge, and a limiting edge is provided on the side of the support plate, which can clamp the side of the force-bearing cylinder. During excavation, the instantaneous impact generated is mostly axial impact force, and the axial impact force is directly acted on the bracket by the limiting edge and finally acts on the bucket.

[0015] Furthermore, the support plate is fixedly connected with a blocking cylinder and a positioning block, and the positioning block can be stuck in the gap of the filter cylinder. When the positioning block is stuck in the gap of the filter cylinder, each blocking cylinder is just stuck in the gap of the filter cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present application provides an excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, which has a bucket and a filter cartridge. It can screen out large stones in the earth during backfilling to prevent hard stones from damaging the oxide layer of the pipeline. At the same time, the hydraulic motor is almost unaffected by the impact force when driving the filter cartridge to rotate, which can ensure the reliability and service life of the bearings, hydraulic motor and hydraulic system.

[0017] Secondly, the bucket is connected to the filter cartridge through a load-bearing frame or a telescopic cylinder. During excavation, the load-bearing frame bears the impact force of the filter cartridge, and the impact force is directly transmitted to the bucket through the load-bearing frame. When screening materials, the impact force generated is mainly radial impact force, which is borne by the telescopic cylinder. When the telescopic cylinder is subjected to a large instantaneous impact, it can shrink and buffer. The axial impact force is borne by the slider, which buffers the axial impact through the pad to avoid the instantaneous load exceeding the rated load. Each structure can bear the impact force more reasonably and effectively. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive work. Figure 1 It is a left front view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a rear view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a left rear view of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the drive assembly of the invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame and filter cartridge in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting cylinder in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. forearm; 2. bucket; 3. filter cartridge; 4. load-bearing frame; 401. bracket; 402. support plate; 403. limit edge; 404. positioning block; 405. blocking cylinder; 406. force-bearing cylinder; 5. telescopic cylinder; 6. lifting stick; 7. support rail; 8. drive assembly; 801. hydraulic motor; 802. radially movable coupling; 803. thrust bearing; 804. connecting cylinder; 805. slider; 806. pad; 9. connecting cylinder; 901. cylinder; 902. first movable plug; 903. second movable plug; 904. driving chamber; 905. pressure chamber; 906. adjustment chamber; 907. buffer chamber; 908. connector; 909. pressure port; 10. connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] For example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4(The main body of the excavator is omitted in the figure, and only part of the arm and the bucket are shown). An excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction includes a bucket 2 movably connected to the arm 1. The lower part of the bucket 2 is hollowed out, and soil can freely pass through the bottom of the bucket 2. The bucket 2 is provided with a filter cartridge 3. The bottom of the bucket 2 is provided with a load-bearing frame 4, a telescopic cylinder 5 and a drive assembly 8. The load-bearing frame 4 and the telescopic cylinder 5 are fixedly connected to the bucket 2. The free end of the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected with a lifting rod 6. The telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting rod 6 are provided in four to eight groups. The four to eight groups of telescopic cylinders 5 and lifting rods 6 are respectively located on both sides of the bucket 2. The telescopic cylinder 5 is extended so that the lifting rod 6 can lift the filter cartridge 3. After the telescopic cylinder 5 is retracted, the filter cartridge 3 is lifted by the load-bearing frame 4. The filter cartridge 3 is provided with an annular support rail 7 corresponding to the position of the lifting rod 6. When the filter cartridge 3 rotates, the lifting rod 6 rolls on the support rail 7. The outer side of the lifting rod 6 is provided with a flange. When the filter cartridge 3 moves axially, The support rail 7 will be blocked by the flange, and the drive assembly 8 includes a hydraulic motor 801. The hydraulic motor 801 and the telescopic cylinder 5 can be connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator. When the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic motor 801 rotates, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 801 is connected to the connecting cylinder 804 through a radially movable coupling 802. The radially movable coupling 802 is transmission-connected to the connecting cylinder 804 through a spline, and the connecting cylinder 804 is connected to the connecting plate at the end of the filter cartridge 3 through a bolt. In this embodiment, the radially movable coupling 802 adopts a cross slider coupling. In order to limit the axial movement of the filter cartridge 3, the connecting cylinder 804 is connected to a slider 805 through a thrust bearing 803, and the end of the bucket 2 is provided with a T-shaped slide corresponding to the slider 805. When the bucket 2 and the filter cartridge 3 are horizontal, the slide is vertical, and the two sides of the thrust bearing 803 are connected to the slider 805 through elastic pads 806.

[0022] When the excavator is digging, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to low pressure, the telescopic cylinder 5 is in a retracted state, and the filter cartridge 3 is supported by the load-bearing frame 4. During excavation, the instantaneous impact force acts directly on the bucket 2 through the load-bearing frame 4 without damaging the hydraulic structure and support structure on the bucket 2. When the excavation and screening are completed, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to high pressure, the telescopic cylinder 5 is in an extended state, and the filter cartridge 3 is supported by the lifting rod 6 and the telescopic cylinder 5. The filter cartridge 3 can rotate freely. At the same time, the radial impact force generated during screening is separated by the radially movable coupling 802, and the axial impact force generated is buffered by the pad 806. The thrust bearing 803 is subjected to less impact force, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0023] To further reduce the impact of axial shock, refer to Figure 6The lifting rod 6 and the support rail 7 are both conical, and the conical surfaces of the two match. Under the action of the conical surfaces, part of the axial impact force is converted into radial force, and part is offset by friction force. The telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the lifting rod 6 through the connecting shaft 10. The two ends of the connecting shaft 10 are provided with elastic telescopic rods. The lifting rod 6 is installed on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod can also absorb part of the axial impact.

[0024] See also Figure 2 and Figure 7 When screening materials, the radial impact force generated is transmitted to the bucket 2 by the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting stick 6. In order to reduce the impact force on the telescopic cylinder 5, the telescopic cylinder 5 is connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator through the connecting cylinder 9. The connecting cylinder 9 includes a cylinder 901 fixedly connected to the bucket 2. The second movable plug 903 and the first movable plug 902 are movably connected in the cylinder 901. The second movable plug 903 and the second movable plug 903 divide the interior of the cylinder 901 into an adjustment chamber 906, a pressure chamber 905 and a driving chamber 904 in sequence. The driving chamber 904 is connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator through the pressure port 909. The second movable plug A spring is provided between 903 and the cylinder 901 to tighten the pressure, the adjustment chamber 906 is connected to the atmosphere, the top of the pressure chamber 905 is connected to a buffer chamber 907, the buffer chamber 907 is located above the cylinder 901, the bucket 2 rotates within the plane at an angle not exceeding 180 degrees, the buffer chamber 907 is always located above, compressed gas is stored in the buffer chamber 907, the connector 908 at the bottom of the buffer chamber 907 is connected to the telescopic cylinder 5, and when the pressure port 909 is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug 902 can pass over the connecting port between the buffer chamber 907 and the cylinder 901. When the pressure port 909 is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug 902 When the telescopic cylinder 5 is extended, the liquid flows into the telescopic cylinder 5 through the connector 908, causing the telescopic cylinder 5 to extend. At the same time, the gas in the buffer chamber 907 is compressed. When the telescopic cylinder 5 is extended to its maximum, the first movable plug 902 continues to move under pressure, causing the spring connected to the second movable plug 903 to be compressed. The first movable plug 902 passes over the connecting port between the buffer chamber 907 and the cylinder 901 until the pressure on both sides of the first movable plug 902 is balanced. At this time, the connecting port between the buffer chamber 907 and the cylinder 901 is blocked by the first movable plug 902. The impact force absorbed by the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting rod 6 is not blocked and will not act on the hydraulic system. When the hydraulic motor 801 is disconnected from the hydraulic system of the excavator, the hydraulic motor 801 will continue to rotate under inertia, so that the high pressure in the pressure port 909 is removed through the hydraulic motor 801, the connecting cylinder 9 is reset, and the telescopic cylinder 5 is retracted. The telescopic cylinder 5 does not require an additional control system and is compatible with the existing hydraulic system.

[0025] On the one hand, since the connection between the telescopic cylinder 5 and the lifting rod 6 and the bucket 2 is a flexible connection, it can effectively buffer the impact force. Compared with the traditional shaft impact transmission, the instantaneous impact is greatly reduced, and the reliability and service life are improved. On the other hand, the size of the bearing on the lifting rod 6 is relatively small, and the replacement cost is also relatively small.

[0026] Since small mud and sand can leak directly from the filter cartridge 3, when backfilling the ditch, part of the earth shoveled by the bucket 2 and the filter cartridge 3 is always missed. Figure 5-Figure 6 The load-bearing frame 4 includes a bracket 401 fixedly connected to the bucket 2, a support plate 402 is provided on the bracket 401, and a force-bearing cylinder 406 corresponding to the support plate 402 is provided on the filter cartridge 3. When the telescopic cylinder 5 contracts, the force-bearing cylinders 406 at both ends of the filter cartridge 3 are just placed on the support plate 402, and the weight of the filter cartridge 3 is borne by the support plate 402. In order to ensure the stability of the filter cartridge 3, the support plates 402 on both sides are provided with limiting edges 403, which can clamp the side of the force-bearing cylinder 406. During excavation, the instantaneous impact generated is mostly axial impact force, which is directly acted on the bracket 401 by the limiting edge 403 and finally acts on the bucket 2. The support plate 402 is fixedly connected with the blocking cylinder 405 and the positioning block 404. The positioning block 404 can be stuck in the gap of the filter cartridge 3 to complete the positioning. When the positioning block 404 completes the positioning, each blocking cylinder 405 is just stuck in the gap of the filter cartridge 3, narrowing the gap at the bottom of the filter cartridge 3. During excavation, the gap at the bottom of the filter cartridge 3 is reduced, which can effectively reduce the amount of earth leakage. In the screening material, the filter cartridge 3 moves relative to the blocking cylinder 405. If there is soil retained on the blocking cylinder 405, the filter cartridge 3 can scrape the soil away to ensure that the gap between the filter cartridge 3 and the load-bearing frame 4 will not be blocked by soil.

[0027] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction, comprising a bucket (2) movably connected to a small arm (1), a filter cartridge (3) being provided in the bucket (2), and characterized in that: Also includes: A telescopic cylinder (5) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bucket (2), and a lifting rod (6) is connected to the free end thereof. The telescopic cylinder (5) and the lifting rod (6) are provided in four to eight groups. The four to eight groups of telescopic cylinders (5) and the lifting rod (6) lift the filter cartridge (3) from both sides of the filter cartridge (3). The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to a buffer chamber (907), and the buffer chamber (907) can absorb the pressure of the telescopic cylinder (5). A drive assembly (8) includes a hydraulic motor (801), wherein the output shaft of the hydraulic motor (801) is connected to a connecting cylinder (804) via a radially movable coupling (802), the connecting cylinder (804) is connected to a slider (805) via a thrust bearing (803), both sides of the thrust bearing (803) are connected to the slider (805) via elastic pads (806), and the slider (805) is embedded in an axial slide groove of the bucket (2); A load-bearing frame (4) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bucket (2), and both ends of the frame are provided with limiting edges (403) corresponding to the filter cartridge (3); During excavation, the telescopic cylinder (5) is switched to a retracted state, the filter cartridge (3) is supported by the load-bearing frame (4), and the limiting edges (403) at both ends clamp the two ends of the filter cartridge (3); When screening materials, the telescopic cylinder (5) switches to an extended state, the filter cartridge (3) is separated from the load-bearing frame (4), and the filter cartridge (3) is supported by the lifting rod (6).

2. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter cartridge (3) is provided with an annular support rail (7) at a position corresponding to the lifting rod (6). When the filter cartridge (3) rotates, the lifting rod (6) rolls on the support rail (7). Both the lifting rod (6) and the support rail (7) are conical, and the conical surfaces of the two are matched.

3. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to the lifting rod (6) via a connecting shaft (10). Both ends of the connecting shaft (10) are provided with elastic telescopic rods, and the lifting rod (6) is mounted on the telescopic rods.

4. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic cylinder (5) is connected to the hydraulic system of the excavator through a connecting cylinder (9). The connecting cylinder (9) includes a cylinder (901) fixedly connected to the bucket (2). The cylinder (901) is movably connected to the first movable plug (902) as a boundary. A buffer chamber (907) is provided at the top of the cylinder (901). Compressed gas is stored in the buffer chamber (907). A connector (908) at the bottom of the buffer chamber (907) is connected to the telescopic cylinder (5). One side of the cylinder (901) is provided with a pressure port (909). The first movable plug (902) is used as a boundary. The communication port between the buffer chamber (907) and the cylinder (901) is located on the side facing away from the pressure port. When the pressure port (909) is connected to high pressure, the first movable plug (902) can pass over the communication port between the buffer chamber (907) and the cylinder (901).

5. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second movable plug (903) is further provided in the cylinder (901), with the first movable plug (902) as the boundary, and is located at one end of the cylinder (901) facing away from the pressure port (909) with the first movable plug (902) as the boundary, and the end of the cylinder (901) facing away from the pressure port (909) is connected to the atmosphere, a spring for tightening is provided between the second movable plug (903) and the cylinder (901), and the pressure port (909) is located between the first movable plug (902) and the second movable plug (903).

6. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure port (909) is in communication with the high-pressure port of the hydraulic motor (801).

7. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing frame (4) comprises a bracket (401) fixedly connected to the bucket (2); a supporting plate (402) is provided on the bracket (401); and a load-bearing cylinder (406) corresponding to the supporting plate (402) is provided on the filter cartridge (3).

8. The excavator for aluminum-magnesium alloy pipeline construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support plate (402) is fixedly connected with a blocking cartridge (405) and a positioning block (404), and the positioning block (404) can be inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3). When the positioning block (404) is inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3), each blocking cartridge (405) is exactly inserted into the gap of the filter cartridge (3).

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