Multi-stage damping support based on civil construction design

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a multi-stage damping support based on civil construction design, which comprises a base and a support frame, a support plate is fixed on the inner wall of the support frame, a buffer plate is arranged above the support plate, a support rod is arranged above the buffer plate, and a first damping plate is fixed on the top of the support rod; fixing plates which are symmetrically distributed are fixed to the outer wall of the supporting frame, the fixing plates are fixedly connected with a guide cylinder, a guide rod penetrates through the guide cylinder, a second damping plate is fixed to the top of the guide rod, traction ropes which are symmetrically distributed are fixed to the top of a buffer plate, and the other ends of the traction ropes are connected with a fixing mechanism. When the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, damping is conducted on the wall top only through the first damping plate, when the vibration amplitude is large, the second damping plate can reset quickly, so that double supporting is formed, damping is conducted on the wall top through the first damping plate and the second damping plate together, and the purpose of multi-stage damping is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a multi-stage shock-absorbing support used in civil engineering and construction design. Background Art

[0002] Shock-absorbing bearings in architectural design are a key earthquake-resistant technology. By installing damping devices at key locations of the building structure, they effectively absorb and dissipate earthquake energy. Wall-top shock absorption is an important application of this technology. Friction dampers, viscous dampers, or buckling-restrained supports are usually installed on the top of the wall to work in conjunction with the main structure. When an earthquake occurs, the wall-top shock-absorbing devices consume energy through friction, shear, or plastic deformation, reducing the vibration transmitted to the upper structure. At the same time, they form a multi-stage shock absorption system with the foundation isolation bearings.

[0003] In the existing technology, wall-top shock-absorbing devices are usually designed with fixed parameters, and their stiffness, damping and other properties cannot be dynamically adjusted after installation. When the earthquake intensity changes, these passive shock-absorbing devices lack the ability to adaptively adjust, which may make the structure face the risk of "excessive energy consumption in small earthquakes" or "insufficient protection in large earthquakes", affecting the overall seismic reliability and economy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-stage shock-absorbing support designed based on civil engineering and construction includes a base and a support frame, the bottom of the support frame is connected to the base through a top support mechanism, the top support mechanism is used to drive the support frame to move up and down, a support plate is fixed on the inner wall of the support frame, a buffer plate is provided above the support plate, a support rod is provided above the buffer plate, a first shock-absorbing plate is fixed on the top of the support rod, wherein the top of the buffer plate is in contact with the bottom of the support rod, and the bottom of the buffer plate is connected to a vertical shock-absorbing mechanism, the vertical shock-absorbing mechanism is used to perform vertical shock-absorbing on the first shock-absorbing plate, a limiting ring is provided on the inside of the support frame, the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the support frame through a fixing frame, and the support rod is moved from the inside of the limiting ring A lateral shock-absorbing mechanism is provided between the limit ring and the support rod, and the lateral shock-absorbing mechanism is used to perform horizontal shock absorption on the first shock-absorbing plate. A symmetrically distributed fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the support frame, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder. A guide rod passes through the inside of the guide cylinder, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the guide cylinder. A second shock-absorbing plate is fixed on the top of the guide rod, and a first elastic member is provided on the outside of the guide rod. Both ends of the first elastic member are fixedly connected to the bottom of the second shock-absorbing plate and the top of the guide cylinder respectively. A symmetrically distributed traction rope is fixed on the top of the buffer plate, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to a fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism is used to fix the guide rod.

[0006] Preferably: the supporting mechanism includes a supporting column fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame, a column is fixed on the top of the base, the upper end of the column is inserted into the inside of the supporting column and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the supporting column, and a movable rod rotatably connected to the side wall of the supporting column, and the other end of the movable rod is rotatably connected to a slider, and a slide groove adapted for the slider is provided on the top of the base, the lower end of the slider is located inside the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove, and the slider is threadedly connected to a threaded rod, and the threaded rod passes through the side wall of the base and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base.

[0007] Preferably: the fixing mechanism includes a limiting column fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide cylinder, a card block is slidably connected inside the limiting column, the card block passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder, wherein a card slot adapted to the card block is provided on the side wall of the guide rod, one end of the card block is located inside the card slot, and the other end of the card block is fixedly connected to the traction rope, a second elastic member is fixed to the end of the card block, and the other end of the second elastic member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting column, wherein a guide column for guiding the traction rope is provided on the inner wall of the support frame, and the traction rope passes through the inside of the guide column.

[0008] Preferably: the lateral shock-absorbing mechanism includes an annular airbag arranged inside the limiting ring, the inner wall of the annular airbag is in contact with the outer wall of the support rod, the outer wall of the support frame is fixed with symmetrically distributed positioning plates, the positioning plates are penetrated by an air pressure cylinder, the air pressure cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plates, the air pressure cylinder is connected to a first air pipe, the other end of the first air pipe is connected to the annular airbag, the air pressure cylinder is slidably connected to a air pressure rod inside the air pressure rod, the air pressure rod passes through the bottom of the air pressure cylinder, a baffle is fixed to the outside of the air pressure rod, and the baffle is connected to the bottom of the air pressure cylinder through a third elastic member.

[0009] Preferably, a through hole is provided inside the pneumatic rod, and the traction rope passes through the through hole.

[0010] Preferably: the vertical shock absorbing mechanism includes a limiting rod fixedly connected to the support plate and symmetrically distributed, the limiting rod passes through the buffer plate and is slidingly connected to the buffer plate, and a fourth elastic member is provided on the outside of the limiting rod, and the two ends of the fourth elastic member are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate and the buffer plate.

[0011] Preferably: a sliding rod is fixed to the bottom of the buffer plate, a rotating cylinder is passed through the inside of the support plate, the rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the support plate, a rotating assembly is provided between the sliding rod and the rotating cylinder, when the sliding rod moves up and down, the rotating assembly is used to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate, the outside of the rotating cylinder is fixed to the turntable, and the side of the turntable is provided with symmetrically distributed friction plates, the friction plates are connected to an extrusion assembly, and the extrusion assembly is used to squeeze the friction plates, so that the friction plates are tightly fitted to the side walls of the turntable.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a spiral groove provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and a convex point is fixed to the outside of the sliding rod, the convex point is located inside the spiral groove and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spiral groove.

[0013] Preferably: the extrusion assembly includes a pressure cylinder fixedly connected to the support frame, a piston is slidably connected inside the pressure cylinder, a support rod is fixed on the side wall of the piston, the support rod passes through the end of the pressure cylinder and is slidably connected to the end of the pressure cylinder, a push plate is fixed to the end of the support rod, the push plate is connected to the friction plate through a fifth elastic member, wherein symmetrically distributed positioning rods are fixed on the side wall of the friction plate, the positioning rods pass through the push plate and are slidably connected to the push plate, a pressure plate is fixed to the bottom of the sliding rod, an air storage bag is installed at the bottom of the support plate, and the air storage bag is connected to the pressure cylinder through a second air pipe.

[0014] Preferably: the top of the turntable is rotatably connected to a symmetrically distributed connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a cross bar, the cross bar passes through the side wall of the support frame and is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame, and a stop block is fixed to the end of the cross bar, and the stop block is connected to the side wall of the support frame through a sixth elastic member.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, the present invention only uses the first shock-absorbing plate to absorb shock to the wall top, and the second shock-absorbing plate does not contact the wall top. The separation state of the second shock-absorbing plate and the wall top can maintain the normal use comfort of the building and avoid wear and temperature stress caused by long-term contact. When the vibration amplitude is large, the second shock-absorbing plate can be quickly reset to form a double support, and the first shock-absorbing plate and the second shock-absorbing plate are used together to absorb shock to the wall top, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-stage shock absorption. This dynamic adaptive design not only ensures the flexible seismic isolation effect during small earthquakes, but also provides reliable protection during strong earthquakes, significantly extends the life of the components, perfectly takes into account safety, economy and durability, and solves the defect that the shock-absorbing device in the prior art lacks adaptive adjustment ability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shock-absorbing support in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support column connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the support frame connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the buffer plate connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the internal structure of the air pressure cylinder and the guide cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the turntable connection structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating drum in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1-base; 2-support mechanism; 21-support column; 22-movable rod; 23-slider; 24-threaded rod; 25-slide; 26-post; 3-fixing mechanism; 31-slot; 32-block; 33-limiting column; 34-second elastic member; 35-guide column; 4-lateral shock absorbing mechanism; 41-annular airbag; 42-first air pipe; 43-air pressure cylinder; 44-positioning plate; 45-air pressure rod; 46-third elastic member; 47-baffle; 48-through hole; 5-vertical shock absorbing mechanism; 51-limiting rod; 52-fourth elastic member; 53-slide; 54-rotating cylinder; 55-bump; 56- Spiral groove; 57-turntable; 58-pressure plate; 59-air storage bag; 510-second air pipe; 511-friction plate; 512-positioning rod; 513-fifth elastic member; 514-push plate; 515-pressure cylinder; 516-support rod; 517-piston; 518-connecting rod; 519-cross bar; 520-sixth elastic member; 521-stopper; 6-support frame; 7-first shock-absorbing plate; 8-second shock-absorbing plate; 9-buffer plate; 10-support plate; 11-first elastic member; 12-guide rod; 13-guide cylinder; 14-fixing plate; 15-limiting ring; 16-fixing frame; 17-traction rope; 18-support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4, a multi-stage shock-absorbing support designed based on civil engineering and construction includes a base 1 and a support frame 6. The bottom of the support frame 6 is connected to the base 1 through a top support mechanism 2. The top support mechanism 2 is used to drive the support frame 6 to move up and down. A support plate 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the support frame 6. A buffer plate 9 is provided above the support plate 10. A support rod 18 is provided above the buffer plate 9. A first shock-absorbing plate 7 is fixed to the top of the support rod 18, wherein the top of the buffer plate 9 is in contact with the bottom of the support rod 18. The bottom of the buffer plate 9 is connected to a vertical shock-absorbing mechanism 5. The vertical shock-absorbing mechanism 5 is used to perform vertical shock-absorbing on the first shock-absorbing plate 7. A limiting ring 15 is provided on the inside of the support frame 6. The limiting ring 15 is fixedly connected to the support frame 6 through a fixing frame 16. The support rod 18 passes through the inside of the limiting ring 15 A lateral shock-absorbing mechanism 4 is provided between the limiting ring 15 and the support rod 18. The lateral shock-absorbing mechanism 4 is used to perform horizontal shock absorption on the first shock-absorbing plate 7. A symmetrically distributed fixing plate 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the support frame 6. The fixing plate 14 is fixedly connected to the guide cylinder 13. A guide rod 12 is passed through the inside of the guide cylinder 13. The guide rod 12 is slidably connected to the guide cylinder 13. A second shock-absorbing plate 8 is fixed to the top of the guide rod 12. A first elastic member 11 is provided on the outside of the guide rod 12. The two ends of the first elastic member 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the second shock-absorbing plate 8 and the top of the guide cylinder 13. A symmetrically distributed traction rope 17 is fixed to the top of the buffer plate 9. The other end of the traction rope 17 is connected to the fixing mechanism 3. The fixing mechanism 3 is used to fix the guide rod 12.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the shock-absorbing support is in use, the base 1 is fixed to the foundation, and the supporting frame 6 is driven to move upward by the top supporting mechanism 2, and the supporting frame 6 drives the first shock-absorbing plate 7 to move upward until the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is tightly fitted with the wall top. At this time, the wall top squeezes the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the support rod 18. When the wall top vibrates in the vertical direction, the wall top drives the first shock-absorbing plate 7 to vibrate up and down, and the first shock-absorbing plate 7 drives the buffer plate 9 to vibrate up and down through the support rod 18. Since the bottom of the buffer plate 9 is connected to the vertical shock-absorbing mechanism 5, the buffer plate 9 is damped by the vertical shock-absorbing mechanism 5, and the buffer plate 9 acts on the wall top through the support rod 18 and the first shock-absorbing plate 7. The second elastic member 34 releases its elastic performance. The second elastic member 34 can be a spring. At this time, the second shock-absorbing plate 8 moves upward rapidly under the action of the second elastic member 34, thereby contacting and connecting with the wall top. The first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 jointly absorb the shock of the wall top, thereby improving the seismic performance of the wall top. That is, when the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is used to absorb the shock of the wall top. When the vibration amplitude is large, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 are used to absorb the shock of the wall top, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-level shock absorption. When the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, the separation state of the second shock-absorbing plate 8 and the wall top can maintain the normal use comfort of the building, avoid wear and temperature stress caused by long-term contact, and vibration When the amplitude is large, the second shock-absorbing plate 8 can be quickly reset to form a double support. This dynamic adaptive design not only ensures the flexible seismic isolation effect during small earthquakes, but also provides reliable protection during strong earthquakes, significantly extending the life of the components, and perfectly balancing safety, economy and durability. In addition, when the top of the wall vibrates horizontally, the top of the wall drives the support rod 18 to move horizontally on the top of the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7. At this time, the transverse shock-absorbing mechanism 4 between the limit ring 15 and the support rod 18 can play a horizontal shock-absorbing role on the support rod 18, and then play a horizontal shock-absorbing effect on the top of the wall through the first shock-absorbing plate 7, further improving the seismic resistance of the top of the wall.

[0029] See also Figure 2The supporting mechanism 2 includes a support column 21 fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 6, a column 26 is fixed to the top of the base 1, the upper end of the column 26 is inserted into the inside of the support column 21 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support column 21, and the side wall of the support column 21 is rotatably connected to a symmetrically distributed movable rod 22, and the other end of the movable rod 22 is rotatably connected to a slider 23, and a slide groove 25 adapted to the slider 23 is provided on the top of the base 1, and the lower end of the slider 23 is located inside the slide groove 25 and is slidably connected to the slide groove 25. The slider 23 is threadedly connected to a threaded rod 24, and the threaded rod 24 passes through the side wall of the base 1 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base 1; When supporting the top of the wall, rotate the threaded rod 24. The threaded rod 24 drives the two sliders 23 to approach each other while rotating. When the sliders 23 approach, the support column 21 is driven to move upward through the movable rod 22. The support column 21 drives the support frame 6 to move upward until the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is tightly fitted with the wall top, thereby enabling the first shock-absorbing plate 7 to reduce the shock of the wall top. The vertical column 26 can play a limiting role on the support column 21, thereby improving the stability of the support frame 6 while moving up and down, and the support column 21 is supported by the symmetrically distributed movable rods 22, which can effectively improve the supporting effect of the support column 21.

[0030] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fixing mechanism 3 includes a limiting column 33 fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide cylinder 13, and a block 32 is slidably connected inside the limiting column 33. The block 32 passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder 13, wherein a slot 31 adapted to the block 32 is provided on the side wall of the guide rod 12, one end of the block 32 is located inside the slot 31, and the other end of the block 32 is fixedly connected to the traction rope 17, and a second elastic member 34 is fixed to the end of the block 32, and the other end of the second elastic member 34 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting column 33, wherein a guide column 35 for guiding the traction rope 17 is provided on the inner wall of the support frame 6, and the traction rope 17 passes through the inside of the guide column 35; When the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is tightly fitted with the wall top, the traction rope 17 is in a taut state, and the end of the block 32 is located inside the card slot 31 under the action of the second elastic member 34. The second elastic member 34 can be a spring, and the block 32 plays a fixing role on the guide rod 12 through the card slot 31, and then plays a fixing role on the second shock-absorbing plate 8. At this time, the first elastic member 11 is in a compressed state, and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 does not contact the wall top. When the wall top vibrates, the wall top drives the buffer plate 9 downward through the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the support rod 18. When the buffer plate 9 moves downward to a certain position, the traction rope 17 pulls the block 32 into the card slot 31, and loses the fixation of the block 32. The second shock-absorbing plate 8 is quickly reset under the action of the first elastic member 11 and is connected to the wall top in contact with it. At this time, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 jointly absorb the shock of the wall top, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the wall top.

[0031] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the lateral shock absorbing mechanism 4 includes an annular airbag 41 arranged inside the limiting ring 15, the inner wall of the annular airbag 41 is in contact with the outer wall of the strut 18, and the outer wall of the support frame 6 is fixed with symmetrically distributed positioning plates 44, and the positioning plates 44 are penetrated by an air cylinder 43, and the air cylinder 43 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 44, and the air cylinder 43 is connected to the first air pipe 42, and the other end of the first air pipe 42 is connected to the annular airbag 41, and the air cylinder 43 is slidably connected with an air rod 45 inside the air cylinder 43, and the air rod 45 passes through the bottom of the air cylinder 43, and a baffle 47 is fixed to the outside of the air rod 45, and the baffle 47 is connected to the bottom of the air cylinder 43 through a third elastic member 46; When the top of the wall vibrates in the horizontal direction, the top of the wall drives the strut 18 to move horizontally on the top of the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7. When the strut 18 moves horizontally, the annular airbag 41 is pressurized. The gas inside the annular airbag 41 enters the air pressure cylinder 43 through the first air pipe 42. The air pressure inside the air pressure cylinder 43 increases and pushes the air pressure rod 45. The air pressure rod 45 drives the baffle 47 to move. At this time, the third elastic member 46 plays a buffering role on the air pressure rod 45 through the baffle 47. The third elastic member 46 can be a spring, which enables the annular airbag 41 to play a buffering role on the strut 18, so that the first shock-absorbing plate 7 can perform horizontal shock-absorbing on the top of the wall, and through the setting of the annular airbag 41, the top of the wall cannot vibrate horizontally in any direction. The annular airbag 41 will shock the top of the wall through the strut 18 and the first shock-absorbing plate 7, effectively improving the seismic performance of the top of the wall.

[0032] See also Figure 5 The pneumatic rod 45 is provided with a through hole 48 inside, and the traction rope 17 passes through the through hole 48; When the top of the wall vibrates in the horizontal direction, the top of the wall drives the support rod 18 to move horizontally on the top of the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7. When the support rod 18 moves horizontally, it will pressurize the annular airbag 41. The gas inside the annular airbag 41 enters the air pressure cylinder 43 through the first air pipe 42. The air pressure inside the air pressure cylinder 43 increases and pushes the air pressure rod 45, thereby causing the air pressure rod 45 to move downward. When the air pressure rod 45 moves downward, it will squeeze the traction rope 17 through the through hole 48. When the squeezing force of the air pressure rod 45 on the traction rope 17 is large, the traction rope 17 automatically releases the fixing mechanism 3 from the guide rod 12, and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 is quickly reset under the action of the first elastic member 11 and is connected to the top of the wall. At this time, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 jointly absorb the shock of the top of the wall, that is, when the amplitude of the horizontal vibration of the top of the wall is large, the second shock-absorbing plate 8 can also absorb the shock of the top of the wall, effectively improving the shock-absorbing effect on the top of the wall.

[0033] See also Figure 4 The vertical shock absorbing mechanism 5 includes a limiting rod 51 fixedly connected to the support plate 10 and symmetrically distributed. The limiting rod 51 passes through the buffer plate 9 and is slidably connected to the buffer plate 9. The fourth elastic member 52 is provided on the outside of the limiting rod 51. The two ends of the fourth elastic member 52 are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate 10 and the buffer plate 9; When the top of the wall vibrates in the vertical direction, the top of the wall squeezes the buffer plate 9 through the support rod 18, and the buffer plate 9 squeezes the fourth elastic member 52, which can be a spring. At this time, the fourth elastic member 52 buffers the buffer plate 9, and the buffer plate 9 buffers the top of the wall through the support rod 18 and the first shock-absorbing plate 7, thereby having a shock-absorbing effect on the top of the wall, wherein the fourth elastic member 52 can be a spring. In addition, the limit rod 51 can play a limiting role on the buffer plate 9, effectively improving the stability of the buffer plate 9 when moving up and down.

[0034] See also Figure 6 A sliding rod 53 is fixed to the bottom of the buffer plate 9, and a rotating cylinder 54 is passed through the inside of the support plate 10. The rotating cylinder 54 is rotatably connected to the support plate 10. A rotating assembly is provided between the sliding rod 53 and the rotating cylinder 54. When the sliding rod 53 moves up and down, the rotating assembly is used to drive the rotating cylinder 54 to rotate. The outside of the rotating cylinder 54 is fixed to the turntable 57. The side of the turntable 57 is provided with symmetrically distributed friction plates 511. The friction plates 511 are connected to an extrusion assembly. The extrusion assembly is used to squeeze the friction plates 511, so that the friction plates 511 are tightly fitted to the side walls of the turntable 57. When the top of the wall vibrates in the vertical direction, the top of the wall squeezes the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the support rod 18, and the buffer plate 9 drives the slide rod 53 to move downward. While the slide rod 53 moves downward, it drives the rotating cylinder 54 to rotate through the rotating assembly, and the limit cylinder drives the turntable 57 to rotate. At this time, under the action of the squeezing assembly, the friction plate 511 fits tightly with the side wall of the turntable 57. The squeezing assembly and the friction plate 511 can reduce the rotation amplitude and rate of the turntable 57, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and rate of the top of the wall, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the top of the wall.

[0035] See also Figure 8 The rotating assembly includes a spiral groove 56 provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 54, and a protrusion 55 is fixed to the outside of the sliding rod 53. The protrusion 55 is located inside the spiral groove 56 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spiral groove 56; When the slide rod 53 moves up and down, it also drives the protrusion 55 to move up and down. Under the limit of the spiral groove 56, the protrusion 55 moves up and down and squeezes the rotating cylinder 54 through the spiral groove 56, thereby forcing the rotating cylinder 54 to rotate, and then the rotating cylinder 54 can drive the turntable 57 to rotate.

[0036] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the extrusion assembly includes a pressure cylinder 515 fixedly connected to the support frame 6, a piston 517 is slidably connected inside the pressure cylinder 515, a support rod 516 is fixed to the side wall of the piston 517, the support rod 516 passes through the end of the pressure cylinder 515 and is slidably connected to the end of the pressure cylinder 515, a push plate 514 is fixed to the end of the support rod 516, the push plate 514 is connected to the friction plate 511 through the fifth elastic member 513, wherein symmetrically distributed positioning rods 512 are fixed on the side wall of the friction plate 511, the positioning rods 512 pass through the push plate 514 and are slidably connected to the push plate 514, a pressure plate 58 is fixed to the bottom of the slide rod 53, an air storage bag 59 is installed at the bottom of the support plate 10, and the air storage bag 59 is connected to the pressure cylinder 515 through the second air pipe 510; When the slide bar 53 moves downward, it also drives the pressure plate 58 to move downward, and the pressure plate 58 squeezes the air storage bag 59, so that the gas inside the air storage bag 59 enters the pressure cylinder 515 through the second air pipe 510. The pressure inside the pressure cylinder 515 increases and pushes the piston 517. The piston 517 drives the push plate 514 to move through the support rod 516. The push plate 514 squeezes the fifth elastic member 513, and the fifth elastic member 513 applies pressure to the friction plate 511, so that the friction plate 511 can fit tightly with the side wall of the turntable 57. The fifth elastic member 513 can be a spring, that is, the sliding rod 53 vibrates downward with a large amplitude, and the turntable 57 rotates with a large amplitude. At this time, the fifth elastic member 513 also squeezes the turntable 57 with a large force through the friction plate 511. Through the displacement positive feedback mechanism of the fifth elastic member 513 and the friction plate 511, an adaptive shock-absorbing effect is achieved, in which the greater the rotation amplitude of the turntable 57, the stronger the damping force, effectively ensuring the shock-absorbing performance of the wall top. Among them, the positioning rod 512 can play a limiting role on the friction plate 511, effectively improving the stability performance of the friction plate 511.

[0037] See also Figure 6 The top of the turntable 57 is rotatably connected to a symmetrically distributed connecting rod 518, and the other end of the connecting rod 518 is rotatably connected to a cross bar 519, which passes through the side wall of the support frame 6 and is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame 6. A stopper 521 is fixed to the end of the cross bar 519, and the stopper 521 is connected to the side wall of the support frame 6 through a sixth elastic member 520; While the turntable 57 rotates, the cross bar 519 is also driven to move through the connecting rod 518, and the cross bar 519 drives the stop block 521 to move. At this time, the sixth elastic member 520 has a buffering effect on the cross bar 519 through the stop block 521, and then has a buffering effect on the turntable 57 through the connecting rod 518. The sixth elastic member 520 reduces the rotation amplitude and speed of the turntable 57, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and speed of the wall top, which can further improve the seismic performance of the wall top. The sixth elastic member 520 can be a spring.

[0038] Working principle: When the shock-absorbing support is in use, the base 1 is fixed to the foundation, and the threaded rod 24 is rotated. When the threaded rod 24 rotates, the two sliders 23 are driven to move closer to each other. When the sliders 23 move closer, the support column 21 is driven to move upward through the movable rod 22. The support column 21 drives the support frame 6 to move upward until the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is tightly fitted with the top of the wall. When the top of the wall vibrates in the vertical direction, the top of the wall squeezes the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the support rod 18. The buffer plate 9 squeezes the fourth elastic member 52, and the fourth elastic member 52 cushions the buffer plate 9. 9 cushions the top of the wall through the support rod 18 and the first shock-absorbing plate 7, thereby having a shock-absorbing effect on the top of the wall. In addition, while the buffer plate 9 vibrates, it also drives the slide bar 53 to move downward, and the slide bar 53 drives the convex point 55 to move downward. Under the limit of the spiral groove 56, the convex point 55 moves downward and squeezes the rotating cylinder 54 through the spiral groove 56, thereby forcing the rotating cylinder 54 to rotate, and then the rotating cylinder 54 can drive the turntable 57 to rotate. While the turntable 57 rotates, it also drives the cross bar 519 to move through the connecting rod 518, and the cross bar 519 drives the stopper 521 The sixth elastic member 520 acts as a buffer to the cross bar 519 through the stopper 521, and then acts as a buffer to the turntable 57 through the connecting rod 518, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude and speed of the wall top. The sliding rod 53 also drives the pressure plate 58 to move downward while moving downward, and squeezes the air storage bag 59 through the pressure plate 58, so that the gas inside the air storage bag 59 enters the pressure cylinder 515 through the second air pipe 510. The pressure inside the pressure cylinder 515 increases and pushes the piston 517, which drives the piston 517 to push the piston through the support rod 516. The plate 514 moves, and the push plate 514 squeezes the fifth elastic member 513. The fifth elastic member 513 applies pressure to the friction plate 511, so that the friction plate 511 can fit tightly against the side wall of the turntable 57. That is, the downward vibration amplitude of the slide bar 53 is large, and the rotation amplitude of the turntable 57 is also large. The fifth elastic member 513 also squeezes the turntable 57 with a large force through the friction plate 511. Through the displacement positive feedback mechanism of the fifth elastic member 513 and the friction plate 511, an adaptive shock absorption effect is achieved as the greater the rotation amplitude of the turntable 57, the stronger the damping force, thereby effectively ensuring the shock absorption performance of the wall top; When the vibration amplitude of the wall top is large, the buffer plate 9 can pull the card block 32 into the card slot 31 through the traction rope 17, and the fixation of the card block 32 is lost. The second shock-absorbing plate 8 is quickly reset under the action of the first elastic member 11 and is connected to the wall top. At this time, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 jointly absorb the shock of the wall top, which can effectively improve the seismic performance of the wall top. That is, when the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 is used to absorb the shock of the wall top. When the vibration amplitude is large, the first shock-absorbing plate 7 and the second shock-absorbing plate 8 are used to absorb the shock of the wall top, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-level shock absorption. When the vibration amplitude of the wall top is small, the separation state of the second shock-absorbing plate 8 and the wall top can maintain the normal use comfort of the building and avoid wear and temperature stress caused by long-term contact. When the vibration amplitude is large, the second shock-absorbing plate 8 can be quickly reset, thereby forming a double support. This dynamic adaptive design not only ensures the flexible seismic isolation effect during small earthquakes, but also provides reliable protection during strong earthquakes, significantly extending the life of the component, and perfectly taking into account safety, economy and durability. When the top of the wall vibrates in the horizontal direction, the top of the wall drives the strut 18 to move horizontally on the top of the buffer plate 9 through the first shock-absorbing plate 7. When the strut 18 moves horizontally, the annular airbag 41 is pressurized. The gas inside the annular airbag 41 enters the air cylinder 43 through the first air pipe 42. The air pressure inside the air cylinder 43 increases and pushes the air pressure rod 45. The air pressure rod 45 drives the baffle 47 to move. At this time, the third elastic member 46 plays a buffering role on the air pressure rod 45 through the baffle 47, thereby enabling the annular airbag 41 to play a buffering role on the strut 18, so that the first shock-absorbing plate 7 can horizontally vibrate the top of the wall. The annular airbag 41 is provided to reduce the shock of the wall top in any direction. The annular airbag 41 will reduce the shock of the wall top through the support rod 18 and the first shock-absorbing plate 7, effectively improving the anti-seismic performance of the wall top. In addition, the pneumatic rod 45 will squeeze the traction rope 17 through the through hole 48 while moving downward. When the pneumatic rod 45 squeezes the traction rope 17 with a greater force, the traction rope 17 can also pull the card block 32 to the outside of the card slot 31, that is, when the wall top vibrates with a large amplitude in the horizontal direction, the second shock-absorbing plate 8 can also reduce the shock of the wall top, effectively improving the shock-absorbing effect on the wall top.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage shock-absorbing support for civil engineering and construction design, comprising a base and a support frame; characterized in that: The bottom of the support frame is connected to the base through a top support mechanism, and the top support mechanism is used to drive the support frame to move up and down, and a support plate is fixed on the inner wall of the support frame, a buffer plate is provided above the support plate, and a support rod is provided above the buffer plate, and a first shock-absorbing plate is fixed on the top of the support rod, wherein the top of the buffer plate is in contact with the bottom of the support rod, and the bottom of the buffer plate is connected to a vertical shock-absorbing mechanism, and the vertical shock-absorbing mechanism is used to perform vertical shock-absorbing on the first shock-absorbing plate, and a limiting ring is provided on the inner side of the support frame, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the support frame through a fixing frame, and the support rod passes through the inside of the limiting ring, and there is a The lateral shock-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb shock to the first shock-absorbing plate in the horizontal direction. A symmetrically distributed fixing plate is fixed on the outer wall of the support frame. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder. A guide rod passes through the inside of the guide cylinder. The guide rod is slidably connected to the guide cylinder. A second shock-absorbing plate is fixed on the top of the guide rod. A first elastic member is provided on the outside of the guide rod. Both ends of the first elastic member are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the second shock-absorbing plate and the top of the guide cylinder. A symmetrically distributed traction rope is fixed to the top of the buffer plate. The other end of the traction rope is connected to a fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism is used to fix the guide rod.

2. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a support column fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame, a column is fixed on the top of the base, the upper end of the column is inserted into the inside of the support column and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support column, and a movable rod rotatably connected to the side wall of the support column is symmetrically distributed, and the other end of the movable rod is rotatably connected to a slider, and a slide groove adapted for the slider is provided on the top of the base, the lower end of the slider is located inside the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove, and the slider is threadedly connected to a threaded rod, and the threaded rod passes through the side wall of the base and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base.

3. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes a limiting column fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide cylinder, a card block is slidably connected inside the limiting column, and the card block passes through the side wall of the guide cylinder, wherein a card slot adapted to the card block is provided on the side wall of the guide rod, one end of the card block is located inside the card slot, and the other end of the card block is fixedly connected to the traction rope, a second elastic member is fixed to the end of the card block, and the other end of the second elastic member is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting column, wherein a guide column for guiding the traction rope is provided on the inner wall of the support frame, and the traction rope passes through the inside of the guide column.

4. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lateral shock-absorbing mechanism includes an annular airbag arranged inside a limiting ring, the inner wall of the annular airbag is in contact with the outer wall of the support rod, the outer wall of the support frame is fixed with symmetrically distributed positioning plates, the positioning plate is penetrated by an air pressure cylinder, the air pressure cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate, the air pressure cylinder is connected to a first air pipe, the other end of the first air pipe is connected to the annular airbag, the air pressure rod is slidably connected to the inside of the air pressure cylinder, the air pressure rod passes through the bottom of the air pressure cylinder, a baffle is fixed to the outside of the air pressure rod, and the baffle is connected to the bottom of the air pressure cylinder through a third elastic member.

5. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A through hole is provided inside the pneumatic rod, and the traction rope passes through the through hole.

6. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical shock absorbing mechanism includes a limiting rod fixedly connected to the support plate and symmetrically distributed, the limiting rod passes through the buffer plate and is slidably connected to the buffer plate, and a fourth elastic member is provided on the outside of the limiting rod, and the two ends of the fourth elastic member are respectively fixedly connected to the support plate and the buffer plate.

7. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: A sliding rod is fixed to the bottom of the buffer plate, and a rotating cylinder is passed through the inside of the support plate. The rotating cylinder is rotatably connected to the support plate. A rotating assembly is provided between the sliding rod and the rotating cylinder. When the sliding rod moves up and down, the rotating assembly is used to drive the rotating cylinder to rotate. The outside of the rotating cylinder is fixed to the turntable, and the side of the turntable is provided with symmetrically distributed friction plates. The friction plates are connected to an extrusion assembly, and the extrusion assembly is used to squeeze the friction plates so that the friction plates fit tightly against the side walls of the turntable.

8. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a spiral groove arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and a convex point is fixed on the outside of the sliding rod. The convex point is located inside the spiral groove and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spiral groove.

9. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 7, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly includes a pressure cylinder fixedly connected to the support frame, a piston slidably connected inside the pressure cylinder, a support rod fixed on the side wall of the piston, the support rod passes through the end of the pressure cylinder and is slidably connected to the end of the pressure cylinder, a push plate is fixed to the end of the support rod, and the push plate is connected to the friction plate through a fifth elastic member, wherein symmetrically distributed positioning rods are fixed on the side wall of the friction plate, the positioning rods pass through the push plate and are slidably connected to the push plate, a pressure plate is fixed to the bottom of the sliding rod, and an air storage bag is installed at the bottom of the support plate, and the air storage bag is connected to the pressure cylinder through a second air pipe.

10. The multi-stage shock-absorbing bearing for civil engineering and construction design according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the turntable is rotatably connected to a symmetrically distributed connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a cross bar, which passes through the side wall of the support frame and is slidably connected to the side wall of the support frame. A stopper is fixed to the end of the cross bar, and the stopper is connected to the side wall of the support frame through a sixth elastic member.

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