Upward horizontal filling mining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to an upward horizontal filling mining method, which comprises the following accurate mining cutting engineering and stoping process: an ore drawing draw shaft is adopted, a funnel is mounted after a rubble concrete partition wall is built at the bottom, a rubble concrete wall with the thickness of more than or equal to 0.5 m is built at the upper part along with upper mining of a stope, and a 0.4 m * 0.4 m grid screen is arranged at an upper opening; the courtyard connection way is tunneled in the direction perpendicular to the ore body every 5m in the pedestrian ventilation courtyard until the ore is seen; the pedestrian ventilation courtyards are arranged at the south end and the north end of the ore body and comprise an outside-vein well, an inside-vein well and an on-road well; the stope working face can be propelled in a single-step mode, the length of each ore breaking step is 6-8 m, a to-be-mined ore area is stoped from bottom to top in a layered mode, the mining sequence is clearly planned, for example, first to-be-mined ore is mined firstly, then concrete is poured on the left side of the first to-be-mined ore, then subsequent to-be-mined ore is mined in sequence, and concrete is poured in time. According to the ordered mining mode, disorder in the mining process can be reduced, and the mining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to an upward horizontal filling mining method. Background Art

[0002] In the mining of metal and non-metallic mineral resources, upward horizontal backfill mining is widely used due to its advantages in pressure control and recovery rate. However, traditional processes have many technical bottlenecks that restrict mining efficiency and safety, as follows: The specifications of traditional chute screens are chaotic (0.3~0.6m 2 ), the material strength is low, large pieces of ore (particle size > 500mm) frequently cause blockages, and the average annual production suspension and maintenance days exceed 20 days; the wall thickness is less than 0.3m, and it is easy to crack and leak air during mining in the stope.

[0003] Most of the wells are outside the vein. The ventilation path in the steeply inclined ore body is long and the wind speed is less than 0.5m / s, making it difficult to discharge harmful gases. The wells inside the vein in the gently inclined ore body are prone to water seepage, and the construction cost of the wells along the way is high and the stability is poor.

[0004] The excavation spacing is fixed (8-10m) and does not adjust with the thickness of the ore body: when the thickness is less than 5m, the cost increases, and when it is greater than 8m, the connectivity is poor, and the equipment transfer efficiency drops by 30%; vertical excavation is prone to missed mining in areas where the ore body direction changes.

[0005] When the mining width is less than 1.5m, using vertical supports will waste materials. When the mining width is ≥1.5m, the bearing capacity of the horizontal supports is less than 50kN, the roof settlement exceeds 100mm, and the risk of collapse is 4 times higher.

[0006] The support spacing is based on experience (1.5-2m). In rock masses with developed joints, support spacing greater than 1m is prone to missing support, and in intact rock masses, support spacing less than 0.8m increases the cost by 20%. The support height from the bottom plate is not uniform, and the risk of footplate slippage is high.

[0007] Plain concrete density 2400kg / m 3 The bottom plate is prone to cracking when filled with more than 10m; the strength after 7 days is only 50% of the design value, and subsequent operations need to wait for 15 days; the bonding strength is less than 0.3MPa and gaps are easily left.

[0008] When the backfill height is less than 1m, the compaction degree is less than 70%, and when it is greater than 2m, the bottom plate will be deformed. Due to backfill problems, the bottom plate repair rate of a certain mine reached 30%, and the single cost exceeded 50,000 yuan.

[0009] The vertical / horizontal blastholes were not adjusted with the inclination of the vein: when the inclination was greater than 45°, the large block rate was greater than 25%, and when it was less than 30°, the depletion rate increased by 15%; when the angle between the straight blasthole and the vein was greater than 30°, the recovery rate was less than 80%.

[0010] The charging depth fluctuates greatly. When it is less than 1 / 2, the energy is insufficient, and when it is greater than 2 / 3, it is easy to cause a burst of blasting. The time difference error of ordinary detonators is greater than 50ms, and the superposition of vibrations causes cracks in the roof of the surrounding mining areas.

[0011] When the span of full-face mining is greater than 10m, the roof stress reaches 3 times that of the original rock, the settlement rate is 15mm / day, and the frequency of microseismic events is 3.5 times that of layered mining.

[0012] Ventilation was only provided for 10 to 20 minutes after the blast, and the CO concentration was >50 ppm (safety value 30 ppm). It was difficult for a single person to observe while cleaning the pumice, and the risk of secondary collapse was high.

[0013] The annual waste rock storage in the upper and middle sections is 200,000 tons, occupying 50 mu of land, which is prone to geological disasters. The cement consumption of plain concrete is 400-500 kg / m 3 The carbon emission is 0.8kgCO2 / t, which exceeds the green standard by 60%, and the contradiction between resources and environmental protection is prominent.

[0014] The systemic defects of traditional technologies in mining, support, filling, blasting and management urgently need to be broken through through standardized and differentiated technological innovation. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for upward horizontal filling mining to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for upward horizontal filling mining, including the following mining and cutting engineering and recovery process: The bottom of the ore chute is built with a rubble concrete partition wall and then a funnel is installed. The upper part is built with a rubble concrete wall with a thickness of ≥0.5m along with the mining site, and a 0.4m×0.4m grid screen is installed at the top; The skylight connecting road is excavated every 5m in the pedestrian ventilation skylight in the direction perpendicular to the ore body until the ore is seen; Pedestrian ventilation shafts are arranged at the north and south ends of the ore body, and the forms include vein-outside shafts, vein-inside shafts, and along-the-way shafts; Foam concrete filling → rock drilling → mesh shearing → blasting ore → temporary support for the top wall → electric rake ore removal → full support for the top wall → filling and leveling → foam concrete filling; The YT28 air-leg rock drill is used to drill 1.5-2.0m deep, 45-60° upward-inclined blastholes. The spacing between blastholes within the vein is 0.6-0.8m, and within the surrounding rock is 0.8-1.0m. The height of each ore drop is ≤1.5m, and the controlled top height after filling is ≤2.0m. The blastholes are arranged in a zigzag pattern and parallel to the vein. Emulsion explosives are used for blasting, with the charge depth accounting for 2 / 3 of the blasthole depth, and electronic digital detonators are used for detonation. In the temporary support of the top wall, when the mining width is less than 1.5m, use horizontal spiral props + anchor nets; when it is ≥1.5m, use vertical spiral props, and the support spacing is 1m; The filling level is filled with waste rock from the upper and middle sections of the excavation through the filling well, with the backfill height of 1.5m each time.

[0017] Preferably, when the foam concrete is filled in the pouring surface, a 0.3m thick foam concrete with a bulk density of 800kg / m is poured on the stope floor. 3 The foam concrete uses 42.5 grade masonry cement and subsequent operations are carried out after reaching the theoretical strength.

[0018] Preferably, the mining operation uses a scraper or electric rake. After the mining is carried out, the upper and lower plates of the mining area are supported from the outside to the inside with anchor rods + through-belts, with an interval of 1m and a support distance of 1m from the bottom plate. The through-belts are arranged along the direction of the mining area.

[0019] Preferably, the working face of the stope is advanced in a single step, each ore dropping step is 6 to 8 meters long, and the ore area to be mined includes the first ore to be mined, the second ore to be mined, the third ore to be mined, and the fourth ore to be mined, which is mined from bottom to top in layers.

[0020] Preferably, the blasting operation is followed by ventilation for 30 minutes. After passing the inspection, two workers enter the stope, one to illuminate and observe, and the other to sprinkle water, brush the sides, and pry off the top and sides of the pit.

[0021] Preferably, the full support of the top wall adopts anchor rods + anchor nets or anchor rods + threaded belts to provide full-section support for the top wall in the horizontal and vertical directions to ensure that the support strength meets the stability requirements of the mining site.

[0022] Preferably, the grating screen at the top of the ore chute is made of metal, and the size of the sieve holes is strictly controlled to be 0.4m×0.4m to prevent large pieces of ore from clogging the chute.

[0023] Preferably, the mining sequence is as follows: 1. First, after the first ore is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the first ore; 2. Then, the left side of the second ore is mined and the right side of the first ore is poured with concrete; 3. After mining the right side of the second ore, concrete is poured on the left side of the second ore. 4. After the third ore to be mined on the left is mined, concrete is poured on the second ore to be mined on the right; 5. After the third ore to be mined on the right side is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the third ore to be mined; 6. After mining the left side of the fourth ore, concrete is poured on the right side of the third ore. 7. Finally, after mining the right side of the fourth ore to be mined, use concrete to pour the entire area of ​​the fourth ore to be mined.

[0024] The present invention provides an upward horizontal filling mining method through improvement, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art: Temporary roof support adopts different methods depending on the mining width. When the mining width is less than 1.5m, horizontal spiral struts and anchor nets are used, and when it is ≥1.5m, vertical spiral struts are used, with support spacing of 1m. Full roof support uses anchor rods and anchor nets or anchor rods and threaded belts, providing full-section support in both horizontal and vertical directions to ensure that the support strength meets the stability requirements of the mining site. This targeted support design can effectively prevent roof collapse and provide a safe working environment for workers and equipment.

[0025] After blasting, ventilation is performed for 30 minutes. Once qualified, two personnel enter the stope: one provides lighting and observation, while the other sprays water, brushes the sides, and pries away loose rocks from the roof and sides. This process eliminates harmful gases generated by blasting, removes loose rocks from the roof and sides, and reduces safety hazards during subsequent operations.

[0026] The working face of the stope is advanced in a single step, with each step measuring 6 to 8 meters. The ore-to-be-mined area is mined layer by layer from bottom to top, with a clearly planned mining sequence. For example, the first ore-to-be-mined area is mined first, followed by concrete pouring on its left side. Subsequent ore-to-be-mined areas are then mined and concrete poured in a timely manner. This orderly mining method reduces disruption during the mining process and improves efficiency.

[0027] The drilling process uses a YT28 air-leg rock drill to create upward-angled blastholes of a specific depth and angle. The blastholes are arranged in a zigzag pattern and parallel to the vein's inclination. Emulsion explosives are charged to a depth of two-thirds of the blasthole depth and detonated with electronic digital detonators. This design evenly distributes blasting energy, improving ore crushing efficiency and facilitating subsequent extraction operations, thereby increasing ore recovery.

[0028] The backfill leveling process involves pouring waste rock from the upper and middle sections of the excavation through backfill wells, with each backfill reaching a height of 1.5 meters. Simultaneously, foam concrete of a specific specification is poured onto the stope floor during the surface filling process. This not only solves the waste rock storage problem and realizes its resource utilization, but also effectively supports the mined-out area, reduces surface subsidence, and minimizes environmental impact.

[0029] A 0.4m×0.4m metal screen is installed at the top of the ore chute to prevent large pieces of ore from blocking the chute, ensuring smooth ore discharge operations, avoiding production interruptions caused by chute blockage, improving the continuity and efficiency of mining operations, and reducing ore waste.

[0030] 0.3m thick, bulk density 800kg / m 3The foam concrete is combined with 42.5 grade cement to cast the base plate. Compared with the traditional plain concrete (bulk weight 2400kg / m 3 ) can reduce the mine load by over 40%. Its seven-day compressive strength is ≥5 MPa, a 50% increase in strength compared to traditional materials. This reduces the waiting time for subsequent operations from 15-20 days to within seven days, significantly accelerating the mining cycle. Furthermore, the lightweight fill's bond with the surrounding rock reaches 0.5 MPa, effectively reducing roof settlement in the goaf and controlling floor deformation to within 30 mm, ensuring operational safety.

[0031] After mining, a "bolt + belt" system is deployed along the stope's strike, with rows spaced 1 meter apart and 1 meter above the floor, forming a crisscrossing support network. This design achieves rock support strength exceeding 0.8 MPa in the upper and lower walls, a 60% improvement over traditional support. This design mitigates longitudinal stresses in the stope and the risk of footwall slippage, reducing equipment downtime caused by rock collapse during mining (reducing the failure rate by 70%). Furthermore, standardized support parameters reduce the support time for a single stope to 4 hours, a 30% improvement over traditional methods, ensuring continuous mining operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples: Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view structural diagram of the blasthole and emulsion explosive of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the mining sequence and concrete pouring of the present invention.

[0033] Description of reference numerals: 1. Ore chute; 2. Skylight connecting road; 3. Pedestrian ventilation skylight; 4. First ore to be mined; 5. Second ore to be mined; 6. Third ore to be mined; 7. Fourth ore to be mined; 8. Blast hole; 9. Emulsion explosive. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below, clearly and completely describing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides an upward horizontal filling mining method through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is: like Figure 1 - Figure 11 As shown, a method of upward horizontal filling mining includes the following mining and cutting engineering and recovery process: Ore chute 1: a funnel is installed after building a rubble concrete partition wall at the bottom, and a rubble concrete wall with a thickness of ≥0.5m is built on the upper part along with the mining site, and a 0.4m×0.4m grid screen is installed at the top; Skylight connecting road 2, excavated vertically in the ore body every 5m in the pedestrian ventilation skylight 3 until the ore is seen; Pedestrian ventilation shaft 3, arranged at the north and south ends of the ore body, including vein-outside shaft, vein-inside shaft and roadside shaft; Foam concrete filling → rock drilling → mesh shearing → blasting ore → temporary support for the top wall → electric rake ore removal → full support for the top wall → filling and leveling → foam concrete filling; A YT28 air-leg rock drill is used to drill blastholes 8 with a depth of 1.5 to 2.0 m and an upward inclination of 45° to 60°. The spacing between blastholes within the ore vein is 0.6 to 0.8 m, and within the surrounding rock is 0.8 to 1.0 m. The height of each ore drop is ≤ 1.5 m, and the controlled top height after filling is ≤ 2.0 m. The blastholes are arranged in a zigzag pattern and parallel to the ore vein. Emulsion explosives 9 are used for blasting, with the charge depth accounting for 2 / 3 of the blasthole depth, and electronic digital detonators are used for detonation. In the temporary support of the top wall, when the mining width is less than 1.5m, use horizontal spiral props + anchor nets; when it is ≥1.5m, use vertical spiral props, and the support spacing is 1m; The filling level is filled with waste rock from the upper and middle sections of the excavation through the filling well, with the backfill height of 1.5m each time.

[0036] Furthermore, when filling the surface with foam concrete, a 0.3m thick foam concrete with a bulk density of 800kg / m3 was poured on the stope floor. 3Foam concrete, using 42.5 grade masonry cement, after reaching the theoretical strength, subsequent operations can be carried out. The thickness of 0.3m can form a stable bottom plate support layer, 800kg / m 3 The bulk density takes into account both lightness and strength, which can not only reduce the load on the stope, but also meet the load-bearing requirements of subsequent operations; 42.5 grade masonry cement has good setting speed and bonding strength, ensuring that the foam concrete reaches the theoretical strength (such as 7-day compressive strength ≥5MPa) before subsequent rock drilling, blasting and other operations are carried out to avoid collapse or deformation of the base plate due to insufficient strength of the filling body.

[0037] Furthermore, the ore extraction operation uses a scraper or electric rake. After the ore is extracted, the upper and lower walls of the stope are supported from the outside to the inside with anchor rods and belts. The spacing between rows is 1m, and the support is 1m away from the bottom plate. The belts are arranged along the direction of the stope. The scraper is suitable for efficient ore extraction in larger stopes, while the electric rake is suitable for operations in narrow spaces. The combination of the two can adapt to different stope conditions and improve ore extraction efficiency. The anchor rods are fixed deep into the rock mass, and the through-belts are connected along the strike to form an overall support network. The spacing of 1m ensures the support density. The height of 1m from the bottom plate can effectively control the slippage of the lower plate rock mass. The through-belts arranged along the strike can resist the longitudinal stress of the mining area and enhance the stability of the upper and lower plate rock masses.

[0038] Furthermore, the working face of the stope is advanced in a single step, with each step being 6 to 8 meters long. The ore areas to be mined include the first ore 4, the second ore 5, the third ore 6, and the fourth ore 7. Mining is carried out in layers from bottom to top. The step length is reasonable: a step length of 6 to 8 meters facilitates the assembly line operation of rock drilling, blasting, and support, avoids excessive exposure of the top wall due to excessive steps, and shortens the ore-exit distance, thereby improving production efficiency. Bottom-up layered mining can use the upper layer of filling as the bottom support for the next layer of mining, forming a "mining-filling" circular support system, reducing the exposed area of ​​the goaf, lowering the risk of ground pressure activity, and increasing the ore recovery rate (expected to reach more than 90%).

[0039] Furthermore, ventilation is carried out for 30 minutes after the blasting operation. After passing the inspection, two operators enter the stope, one to illuminate and observe, and the other to sprinkle water, brush the sides, and pry off the top and sides of the loose stones. The 30-minute ventilation can effectively remove harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides generated by the blasting (the concentration is reduced to below 30ppm), ensuring a safe working environment. Two-person collaborative work: The lighting observer monitors the stability of the top rock in real time, and the watering and brushing personnel use water spraying to reduce dust and remove loose rocks (loose rock is pried off in time). The cooperation of the two can avoid collapse or rockfall accidents caused by blind work and ensure the safety of personnel.

[0040] Furthermore, the full support of the roof wall adopts anchor rods + anchor nets or anchor rods + threaded belts to provide full cross-section support for the roof wall in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the support strength meets the stability requirements of the mining site. Anchor rods + anchor nets are suitable for rock masses with well-developed joints, and the roof wall is covered with metal mesh to prevent broken rock from falling; Anchor rods + threading belts are suitable for rock masses with good integrity. Threading belts (such as 10# channel steel) connect the anchor rods along the strike and inclination to form a crisscross support framework. The horizontal and vertical supports can resist the shear force and tensile stress of the top rock mass, so that the support strength reaches above 0.8MPa, meeting the stability requirements of the mining site during the mining process and avoiding equipment damage or casualties caused by top rock collapse.

[0041] Furthermore, the grating screen at the top of the ore chute is made of metal, with a strictly controlled mesh size of 0.4m x 0.4m to prevent large pieces of ore from clogging the chute. The metal grating can withstand the impact of falling ore, preventing the mesh from deformation or damage, ensuring long-term reliability. The 0.4m×0.4m sieve hole can intercept large pieces of ore with a particle size greater than 400mm, preventing them from clogging the chute (the chute diameter is generally 0.8-1.2m, and ore below 400mm can pass through smoothly). At the same time, it prevents small pieces of ore from being screened out, ensures the continuity of the ore discharge process, and reduces the production suspension and maintenance time caused by chute blockage (it is estimated that the production suspension can be reduced by more than 15 days each year).

[0042] Further, the mining sequence is as follows: 1. First, after the first ore 4 is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the first ore 4; 2. Then, the left side of the second ore 5 is mined, and the right side of the first ore 4 is poured with concrete; 3. After mining the right side of the second ore 5, concrete is poured on the left side of the second ore 5; 4. After the third ore 6 on the left is mined, concrete is poured on the second ore 5 on the right; 5. After the third ore 6 to be mined on the right side is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the third ore 6 to be mined; 6. After mining the left side of the fourth ore 7, concrete is poured on the right side of the third ore 6; 7. Finally, after the right side of the fourth ore 7 is mined, concrete is poured over the entire area of ​​the fourth ore 7, starting from the left and then the right, piece by piece. For example, the left side of the first ore is mined first, followed by concrete pouring. Then, the adjacent area is mined and concrete poured in the reverse direction, forming a closed loop of "mining one piece and supporting one piece." By alternating mining and pouring between the left and right sides, rock stress in the stope can be dispersed, avoiding sudden changes in ground pressure caused by concentrated mining. For example, when mining the right side of the second ore to be mined, the concrete poured on the left side can serve as support, reducing top wall deformation during mining on the right side. Finally, concrete was poured into the entire area of ​​the fourth ore to be mined to form a complete filling body, so that the mining floor and the top formed a coordinated support system, and finally the mining roof settlement was controlled within 50mm, ensuring the long-term stability of the goaf.

[0043] The above description is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for upward horizontal filling mining, characterized by: Including the following mining and cutting engineering and mining technology: The ore chute (1) is provided with a funnel after a rubble concrete partition wall is built at the bottom, and a rubble concrete wall with a thickness of ≥0.5m is built at the top along with the mining site, and a 0.4m×0.4m grid screen is set at the top; A skylight connecting road (2) is excavated in the pedestrian ventilation skylight (3) at intervals of 5 m perpendicular to the ore body until the ore is seen; Pedestrian ventilation shafts (3) are arranged at the north and south ends of the ore body, and the forms include vein-outside wells, vein-inside wells, and along-the-way wells; Foam concrete filling → rock drilling → mesh shearing → blasting ore → temporary support for the top wall → electric rake ore removal → full support for the top wall → filling and leveling → foam concrete filling; The rock drilling is carried out using a YT28 air-leg rock drill to form blastholes (8) with a depth of 1.5 to 2.0 m and an upward inclination of 45° to 60°. The spacing between blastholes in the ore vein is 0.6 to 0.8 m, and in the surrounding rock is 0.8 to 1.0 m. The height of each ore drop is ≤ 1.5 m, and the top height after filling is ≤ 2.0 m. The blastholes are arranged in a zigzag pattern and parallel to the ore vein. Emulsion explosives (9) are used for blasting, with the charge depth accounting for 2 / 3 of the blasthole depth, and the explosions are detonated with electronic digital detonators. In the temporary support of the top wall, when the mining width is less than 1.5m, use horizontal spiral props + anchor nets; when it is ≥1.5m, use vertical spiral props, and the support spacing is 1m; The filling level is filled with waste rock from the upper and middle sections of the excavation through the filling well, with the backfill height of 1.5m each time.

2. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the foam concrete is filled in the surface, it is poured on the stope floor with a thickness of 0.3m and a bulk density of 800kg / m 3 The foam concrete uses 42.5 grade masonry cement and subsequent operations are carried out after reaching the theoretical strength.

3. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mining operation uses a scraper or electric rake. After the mining is carried out, anchor rods + through-belts are used to support the upper and lower walls of the mining area from the outside to the inside. The spacing between rows is 1m, the support is 1m away from the bottom plate, and the through-belts are arranged along the direction of the mining area.

4. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working face of the stope is advanced in a single step, and each step of ore dropping is 6 to 8 meters long. The area of ​​ore to be mined includes a first ore to be mined (4), a second ore to be mined (5), a third ore to be mined (6), and a fourth ore to be mined (7), and the ore is mined from bottom to top in layers.

5. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the blasting operation, the mine is ventilated for 30 minutes. After passing the inspection, two workers enter the mine, one to illuminate and observe, and the other to sprinkle water, brush the sides, and pry off the top and sides of the mine.

6. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The full support of the top wall adopts anchor rods + anchor nets or anchor rods + threaded belts to provide full-section support for the top wall in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the support strength meets the stability requirements of the mining site.

7. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating screen at the top of the ore chute is made of metal, and the size of the sieve holes is strictly controlled to be 0.4m×0.4m to prevent large pieces of ore from clogging the chute.

8. The upward horizontal filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mining sequence is as follows:

1. First, after the first ore (4) is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the first ore (4); 2. Then, the left side of the second ore (5) is mined, and the right side of the first ore (4) is poured with concrete; 3. After mining the right side of the second ore (5), concrete is poured on the left side of the second ore (5); 4. After the third ore to be mined (6) on the left side is mined, the second ore to be mined (5) on the right side is poured with concrete; 5. After the third ore to be mined (6) on the right side is mined, concrete is poured on the left side of the third ore to be mined (6); 6. After mining the left side of the fourth ore (7), concrete is poured on the right side of the third ore (6); 7. Finally, after the right side of the fourth ore (7) is mined, the entire area of ​​the fourth ore (7) is poured with concrete.

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