Ammonia fuel supply device and ship

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ship fuel supply, and discloses an ammonia fuel supply device and a ship. The device comprises an ammonia fuel storage module, an ammonia fuel supply module and an ammonia fuel treatment module, wherein the ammonia fuel storage module is used for storing ammonia fuel; the ammonia fuel supply module comprises a low-pressure pump, a buffer tank, a high-pressure pump, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, and the high-pressure pump selectively communicates with the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger; the ammonia fuel processing module is located at the downstream position of the engine and arranged between the second heat exchanger and the buffer tank. When the high-pressure pump communicates with the second heat exchanger, a backflow stream in the cavity of the engine is in heat conduction connection with an input stream flowing out of the buffer tank in the second heat exchanger. Through the arrangement, energy recovery can be realized, an additional cold source is prevented from being introduced, the energy consumption cost is reduced, and the requirements of a dual-fuel engine in development on ammonia fuel inlet temperature and pressure, backflow temperature control and purity can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship fuel supply, and in particular to an ammonia fuel supply device and a ship. Background Art

[0002] In the field of marine engine technology, ammonia (NH3), a zero-carbon fuel, has become a key candidate to replace traditional fossil fuels due to its high energy density and large-scale storage and transportation in liquid form. However, the combustion of liquid ammonia places stringent demands on the temperature control of the injection system. The operating temperature of ammonia fuel injection components must be strictly controlled within the range of -20°C to 60°C. Exceeding this range will lead to problems such as carbon deposits in the nozzle, material creep, or air resistance, directly affecting injection stability and engine efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent nozzle overheating.

[0003] The existing related technology provides an ammonia fuel supply system with a return line. When the engine is in low-load operation mode, the unburned return flow in the engine takes away some of the heat, which to a certain extent achieves the effect of reasonable temperature control at the nozzle, ensuring injection stability and engine efficiency. At the same time, the liquid ammonia fuel in the pipeline can be circulated back to the liquid ammonia storage tank for reuse, reducing the waste of ammonia fuel. However, the temperature of the return ammonia is usually as high as 60°C, and it needs to rely on an additional cold source for cooling and regeneration, resulting in a system energy efficiency loss of about 12% (based on classification society test data).

[0004] Based on the above situation, it is necessary to design an ammonia fuel supply device and a ship to solve the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an ammonia fuel supply device and a vessel to meet the requirements of the dual-fuel engine under development for ammonia fuel inlet temperature and pressure, reflux temperature control and purity.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An ammonia fuel supply device includes an ammonia fuel storage module, an ammonia fuel supply module, and an ammonia fuel processing module, wherein:

[0008] The ammonia fuel storage module is used to store ammonia fuel;

[0009] The ammonia fuel supply module includes a low-pressure pump, a buffer tank, a high-pressure pump, a first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger. The buffer tank is arranged between the low-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump, the first heat exchanger is arranged between the high-pressure pump and the engine, and the second heat exchanger is arranged between the engine and the ammonia fuel processing module. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, and the high-pressure pump is selectively connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.

[0010] The ammonia fuel processing module is located downstream of the engine and is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the buffer tank;

[0011] When the high-pressure pump is connected to the second heat exchanger, the return flow stream in the cavity of the engine and the input flow stream flowing out of the buffer tank are thermally connected in the second heat exchanger.

[0012] Preferably, the ammonia fuel processing module includes a gas-liquid separation tank and an exhaust gas treatment unit, the liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the engine via the second heat exchanger, the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the buffer tank, and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit.

[0013] Preferably, a pressure control unit is provided in the gas-liquid separation tank, and the pressure control unit is used to control the ammonia fuel within a preset pressure range to prevent the ammonia fuel from vaporizing.

[0014] Preferably, a first switch valve is provided between the second heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separation tank, and a second switch valve is provided between the second heat exchanger and the buffer tank. The first switch valve and the second switch valve are arranged in parallel, and the first switch valve and the second switch valve are in different switch states.

[0015] Preferably, the ammonia fuel supply module further includes a duplex filter connected between the first heat exchanger and the engine.

[0016] Preferably, the ammonia fuel supply module also includes a supply flow meter and a bypass reflux valve, the supply flow meter is connected between the duplex filter and the engine, the bypass reflux valve is connected between the high-pressure pump and the buffer tank, and is arranged in parallel with the second heat exchanger, and the bypass reflux valve is communicatively connected to the supply flow meter and the high-pressure pump.

[0017] Preferably, the ammonia fuel processing module further includes a reflux flow meter connected between the second heat exchanger and the engine.

[0018] Preferably, the ammonia fuel supply device further includes a valve group unit, the valve group unit including a third switch valve and a fourth switch valve, the third switch valve is connected between the supply flow meter and the engine, and the fourth switch valve is connected between the engine and the reflux flow meter.

[0019] Preferably, a fifth switch valve is provided between the high-pressure pump and the first heat exchanger, a sixth switch valve is provided between the high-pressure pump and the second heat exchanger, and the fifth switch valve and the sixth switch valve are provided in parallel, and the fifth switch valve and the sixth switch valve are in different switch states.

[0020] A ship comprising the above-mentioned ammonia fuel supply device.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This embodiment provides an ammonia fuel supply device, including an ammonia fuel storage module, a fuel supply module and an ammonia fuel processing module. The ammonia fuel storage module is used to store ammonia fuel. The ammonia fuel supply module includes a low-pressure pump, a buffer tank, a high-pressure pump, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The buffer tank is arranged between the low-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump; the high-pressure pump is used to transport the ammonia fuel input stream after pressure stabilization in the buffer tank to the engine; the first heat exchanger is arranged between the high-pressure pump and the engine; the second heat exchanger is arranged between the engine and the ammonia fuel processing module, and the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are arranged in parallel. The high-pressure pump can select one of the two to connect according to the working conditions. The ammonia fuel processing module is located downstream of the engine and is arranged between the second heat exchanger and the buffer tank. It can process the ammonia fuel reflux stream output from the engine through the second heat exchanger and then transport it back to the buffer tank for recycling. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, when the high-pressure pump is switched to connect with the second heat exchanger, the input flow stream flowing out of the buffer tank and the return flow stream flowing out of the engine cavity can be heat exchanged in the second heat exchanger, and the return flow stream with a higher temperature can transfer part of the heat to the input flow stream with a lower temperature, which not only effectively increases the temperature of the input flow stream to the temperature required by the engine nozzle system, but also avoids the introduction of additional cold sources to cool the return flow stream, thereby realizing energy recovery and reducing energy consumption costs. Finally, the ammonia fuel can be purified by the ammonia fuel processing module and then returned to the buffer tank for recycling, meeting the engine's requirements for ammonia fuel inlet temperature and pressure, reflux temperature control and purity.

[0023] This embodiment also provides a ship, including an engine and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel supply device. By connecting the ammonia fuel supply device provided by this embodiment to the engine, when the high-pressure pump is switched to be connected to the second heat exchanger, the reflux flow flowing out of the engine can be heat exchanged with the input flow flowing out of the buffer tank in the second heat exchanger. The reflux flow with a higher temperature is cooled by the input flow, thereby realizing energy recovery and avoiding the introduction of additional cold sources. The engine's requirements for the temperature and pressure of the ammonia fuel inlet, the reflux temperature control and the purity are met, the rationality of the temperature of the engine nozzle system is ensured, and the economic applicability of the ship as well as the safety and stability during operation are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ammonia fuel supply device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 100. Engine;

[0027] 1. Ammonia fuel storage module;

[0028] 21. Low-pressure pump; 22. Buffer tank; 23. High-pressure pump; 24. First heat exchanger; 25. Second heat exchanger; 26. Water-glycol system; 27. Duplex filter; 28. Supply flow meter; 29. ​​Bypass return valve;

[0029] 31. Gas-liquid separation tank; 32. Waste gas treatment unit; 33. Reflux flow meter;

[0030] 4. Valve group unit;

[0031] 5. First switch valve;

[0032] 6. Second switch valve;

[0033] 7. Fifth switch valve;

[0034] 8. Sixth switch valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "right," and "left" are used to refer to positions or locations based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0039] The following is combined with Figure 1 And specific implementation methods are used to introduce the technical solutions provided by the present invention.

[0040] Regarding the overheating problem of the ship's ammonia fuel engine injection system, the ammonia fuel supply system used in the existing related systems allows the unburned reflux stream in the engine in low-load operation mode to take away some of the heat, thereby solving the problem of excessive temperature at the nozzle to a certain extent, ensuring the stability of the nozzle injection and the working efficiency of the engine. At the same time, the liquid ammonia fuel in the pipeline can also be circulated back to the liquid ammonia storage tank for reuse, reducing the waste of ammonia fuel. However, since the reflux ammonia temperature is usually as high as 60°C, it is necessary to rely on an additional cold source for cooling and regeneration, resulting in a more serious heat loss of the reflux ammonia, causing a waste of energy consumption, and the system energy efficiency loss is about 12% (based on classification society test data).

[0041] Based on this, this embodiment provides an ammonia fuel supply device to meet the requirements of the dual-fuel engine under development for ammonia fuel inlet temperature and pressure, reflux temperature control, and purity.

[0042] refer to Figure 1As shown, the ammonia fuel supply device provided in this embodiment includes an ammonia fuel storage module 1, an ammonia fuel supply module, and an ammonia fuel processing module 3. The ammonia fuel storage module 1 is used to store ammonia fuel; the ammonia fuel supply module includes a low-pressure pump 21, a buffer tank 22, a high-pressure pump 23, a first heat exchanger 24, and a second heat exchanger 25. The buffer tank 22 is arranged between the low-pressure pump 21 and the high-pressure pump 23 to stabilize the pressure of the ammonia fuel delivered to the buffer tank 22, reduce the possibility of pressure fluctuations or surges of the ammonia fuel pressure under high-load operation mode, and ensure the continuous stability of the ammonia fuel supply. The high-pressure pump 23 is used to deliver the stabilized ammonia fuel input stream in the buffer tank 22 to the engine 100; the first heat exchanger 24 is arranged between the high-pressure pump 23 and the engine 100, and the second heat exchanger 25 is arranged between the engine 100 and the ammonia fuel processing module. The first heat exchanger 24 and the second heat exchanger 25 are arranged in parallel, and the high-pressure pump 23 can select one of the two to be connected according to the operating conditions. The ammonia fuel processing module is located downstream of the engine 100 and is arranged between the second heat exchanger 25 and the buffer tank 22. It can process the ammonia fuel reflux stream output from the engine 100 through the second heat exchanger 25 and then return it to the buffer tank 22 for recycling.

[0043] Through the above arrangement, when the high-pressure pump 23 is connected to the first heat exchanger 24, the input flow stream flowing out of the ammonia fuel storage module is transported to the engine 100 through the first heat exchanger 24 to meet the operating temperature required by the nozzle system of the engine 100; when the high-pressure pump 23 is connected to the second heat exchanger 25, the input flow stream flowing out of the ammonia fuel storage module is transported to the engine 100 through the second heat exchanger 25, and the return flow stream flowing out of the engine 100 is transported to the ammonia fuel processing module through the second heat exchanger 25 for processing. In this process, the input flow stream Heat exchange is achieved with the reflux stream in the second heat exchanger 25. The reflux stream with a higher temperature can transfer part of the heat to the input stream with a lower temperature, which not only effectively increases the temperature of the input stream to the temperature required by the nozzle system of the engine 100, but also avoids the introduction of additional cold sources to cool the reflux stream, thereby achieving energy recovery and reducing energy consumption costs. Finally, the ammonia fuel can be purified by the ammonia fuel processing module and then returned to the buffer tank 22 for recycling, meeting the requirements of the engine 100 for the temperature and pressure of the ammonia fuel inlet, reflux temperature control and purity.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the high-pressure pump 23 can transport the ammonia fuel from the buffer tank 22 to the engine 100, from the engine 100 to the ammonia fuel processing module 3, and from the ammonia fuel processing module 3 to the buffer tank 22. During the long-distance transportation process, the flow rate and pressure of the ammonia fuel may fluctuate or oscillate. Based on this, the high-pressure pump 23 provided in this embodiment preferably adopts a two-stage booster pump. Compared with a single-stage booster pump, the two-stage booster pump has a stronger ability to resist pressure fluctuations of ammonia fuel. At the same time, it can bring lower energy consumption and stronger reliability during operation, so that the ammonia fuel can maintain a stable flow rate and pressure during the process of circulating back to the buffer tank 22, thereby helping to maintain a better working efficiency of the engine 100.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the high-pressure pump 23 is a variable frequency pump whose frequency varies with the load of the engine 100. This pump is capable of pressurizing the ammonia fuel output from the buffer tank 22 to a preset pressure and then delivering it to the first heat exchanger 24, so that the temperature and pressure of the ammonia fuel obtained after heat exchange meet the requirements of the engine 100. For example, the high-pressure pump 23 can be any one of a permanent magnet synchronous motor variable frequency pump, a magnetic levitation variable frequency pump, and a switched reluctance motor variable frequency pump, although this is not a limitation in the present invention.

[0046] Optionally, in this embodiment, two high-pressure pumps 23 are arranged in parallel between the buffer tank 22 and the first heat exchanger 24. The two high-pressure pumps 23 are one for backup and one for use, which can ensure the normal operation of the ammonia fuel supply device and facilitate the maintenance of one of the high-pressure pumps 23 that has a fault or needs to be repaired, thereby reducing downtime.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the low-pressure pump 21 adopts a one-stage booster constant-frequency pump and is used to pre-pressurize the ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel storage module 1 to continuously and stably provide basic pressure for the device, ensuring that the ammonia fuel in the ammonia fuel storage module 1 can be promptly transported to the buffer tank 22 when needed.

[0048] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first heat exchanger 24 utilizes a water-ethylene glycol system 26 to heat the ammonia fuel, wherein water is used as a heat source, and water exchanges heat with water glycol through the heat exchange tube component in the first heat exchanger 24, thereby providing thermal energy for the ammonia fuel to heat the ammonia fuel temperature to the desired temperature, for example, 35°C.

[0049] Optionally, in this embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply module further includes a duplex filter 27 connected between the first heat exchanger 24 and the engine 100. The advantage of the duplex filter 27 is that it can continuously filter the ammonia fuel and ensure that when one filter requires maintenance or replacement, the other filter can continue to remove fine impurities in the ammonia fuel. This ensures continuous transportation of the ammonia fuel, shortens engine 100 downtime, reduces the number of starts and stops, and reduces energy consumption, thereby improving the reliability and efficiency of engine 100 operation. Preferably, the filtration accuracy of both duplex filters 27 is 10 μm.

[0050] Optionally, in this embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply module further includes a supply flowmeter 28 and a bypass return valve 29. The supply flowmeter 28 is connected between the duplex filter 27 and the engine 100 and can accurately measure the flow rate of ammonia fuel supplied to the engine 100. The bypass return valve 29 is connected between the high-pressure pump 23 and the buffer tank 22 and is arranged in parallel with the second heat exchanger 25. The bypass return valve 29 is communicatively connected between the supply flowmeter 28 and the high-pressure pump 23. In this way, the supply flowmeter 28 can appropriately adjust the opening of the bypass return valve 29 or the power of the high-pressure pump 23 according to the supply of ammonia fuel, so that the engine 100 can obtain different flow rates of ammonia fuel in different operating stages.

[0051] Optionally, in this embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply device further includes a valve block unit 4, which includes a third on-off valve. The third on-off valve is connected between the supply flow meter 28 and the engine 100 and is used to cut off or connect the flow pipe between the buffer tank 22 and the engine 100. When the supply flow meter 28 detects that the ammonia fuel flow rate is too high or too low, the third on-off valve can appropriately adjust its opening to adjust the flow rate of the ammonia fuel to a certain extent. The operator can then immediately adjust the bypass return valve 29 or the high-pressure pump 23 to adjust the flow rate of the ammonia fuel to the required flow range and restore the opening of the third on-off valve to ensure that the ammonia fuel flowing to the engine 100 can be adjusted to the required range in a relatively short period of time.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ammonia fuel processing module 3 specifically includes a gas-liquid separation tank 31 and an exhaust gas treatment unit 32. The liquid inlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is connected to the engine 100 via the second heat exchanger 25, the liquid outlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is connected to the buffer tank 22, and the gas outlet end of the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit 32. In the above arrangement, the gas-liquid separation tank 31 is used to separate the ammonia fuel in a liquid state from other impurity gases, so that other fuel impurities can be collected and stored by the exhaust gas treatment unit 32, and the liquid ammonia fuel can remain in the gas-liquid separation tank 31 and flow back to the buffer tank 22 when needed, and can be directly used next time, which can ensure the purity of the ammonia fuel in the buffer tank 22 and avoid contamination by impurities, thereby further improving the stability of the engine nozzle system and the working efficiency of the engine 100.

[0053] Optionally, in this embodiment, the ammonia fuel processing module provided in this embodiment further includes a reflux flowmeter 33, which is connected between the second heat exchanger 25 and the engine 100 and can accurately measure the flow rate of ammonia fuel discharged from the engine 100. In addition, the valve group unit 4 provided in this embodiment further includes a fourth switch valve, which is connected between the engine 100 and the reflux flowmeter 33 and is used to cut off or connect the reflux pipe between the gas-liquid separation tank 31 and the engine 100. When the reflux flowmeter 33 detects that the ammonia fuel flow rate flowing to the gas-liquid separation tank 31 exceeds the tolerance threshold, the fourth switch valve can automatically adjust the ammonia fuel flow rate by reducing the valve body opening, so that the ammonia fuel can enter the gas-liquid separation tank 31 in an orderly manner for processing. From the above content, it can be seen that by setting the valve group unit 4, the flow rate of the ammonia fuel can be precisely adjusted and automatically controlled to ensure that the ammonia fuel in the pipeline system operates within the optimal range.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a first switch valve 5 is provided between the second heat exchanger 25 and the gas-liquid separation tank 31. The first switch valve 5 is used to connect or cut off the reflux pipe between the engine 100 and the gas-liquid separation tank 31, so that when the ammonia fuel supply mode of the engine 100 ends, the residual ammonia fuel in the engine 100 can be purged into the gas-liquid separation tank 31 for processing, thereby realizing orderly management of the ammonia fuel.

[0055] Optionally, in this embodiment, the ammonia fuel supply device further includes a second on-off valve 6, which is connected between the second heat exchanger 25 and the buffer tank 22 and arranged in parallel with the first on-off valve 5. The second heat exchanger 25 can selectively communicate with either the first on-off valve 5 or the second on-off valve 6. This arrangement allows the first on-off valve 5 to be closed when the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the second on-off valve 6. The reflux stream, after cooling through the second heat exchanger 25, flows back into the buffer tank 22. Together with the ammonia fuel in the buffer tank 22, it can be pressurized again by the high-pressure pump 23 and delivered to the engine 100. When the second heat exchanger 25 is selectively connected to the first on-off valve 5, the second on-off valve 6 is closed. The reflux stream, after cooling through the second heat exchanger 25, first flows into the gas-liquid separator 31 for purification before flowing into the buffer tank 22 for use, thereby effectively controlling the direction of the reflux stream.

[0056] For example, the ammonia fuel supply device provided in this embodiment is generally divided into three stages during specific use:

[0057] Stage 1: Engine 100 operates in ammonia fuel high-load mode. In this mode, the low-pressure pump 21 is activated, drawing ammonia fuel from the ammonia fuel storage module 1 and delivering it to the buffer tank 22. The buffer tank 22 stabilizes the ammonia fuel pressure, while the high-pressure pump 23 further pressurizes the ammonia fuel. The bypass return valve 29 regulates the ammonia fuel flow rate, thereby adjusting the ammonia fuel supply pressure to the required pressure for the engine 100. The first heat exchanger 24, in conjunction with the water-glycol system 26, heats the ammonia fuel to the temperature range required by the engine 100. The ammonia fuel is then filtered through the duplex filter 27 to remove impurities, further improving its purity before delivery to the engine 100 and preventing component damage caused by impurities ingested by the engine 100. The pressurized and heated ammonia fuel is delivered to the engine 100 through the valve block 4. In this mode, after being pressurized by the high-pressure pump 23, the large amount of ammonia fuel flowing through the ammonia fuel supply maintains a low-temperature environment in the nozzle system through forced convection with the walls of the engine 100.

[0058] Stage 2: Engine 100 operates in ammonia fuel low-load mode. In this mode, the flow rate of ammonia fuel decreases sharply. After the pressurized, heat-exchanged ammonia fuel is delivered to engine 100, the actual flow rate consumed by engine 100 is less than the supply flow rate, significantly reducing heat exchange efficiency and preventing the effective dissipation of residual heat within engine 100. This embodiment, by providing a second heat exchanger 25, a reflux flowmeter 33, and a second on-off valve 6, allows some unburned ammonia fuel to flow back into the buffer tank 22 through the reflux pipe. During the reflux process, it is cooled by the second heat exchanger 25. It is understood that the temperature of the ammonia fuel after cooling by the second heat exchanger 25 is lower than the vaporization temperature of the ammonia fuel at the current ambient pressure, thereby preventing the ammonia fuel from overheating and vaporizing. This allows the ammonia fuel to flow back into the buffer tank 22 in an orderly manner. Together with the ammonia fuel originally stored in the buffer tank 22, it is pressurized by the high-pressure pump 23 and delivered back to the engine 100, completing the ammonia fuel recycling requirement.

[0059] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in this embodiment, a fifth on-off valve 7 is provided between the high-pressure pump 23 and the first heat exchanger 24, and a sixth on-off valve 8 is provided between the high-pressure pump 23 and the second heat exchanger 25. The fifth on-off valve 7 and the sixth on-off valve 8 are in different on-off states. Specifically, when the engine 100 is operating in the high-load mode using ammonia fuel, the fifth on-off valve 7 is open and the sixth on-off valve 8 is closed. Conversely, when the engine 100 is operating in the high-load mode using ammonia fuel, the fifth on-off valve 7 is closed and the sixth on-off valve 8 is open. This causes the input stream originally flowing through the first heat exchanger 24 to be redirected directly into the second heat exchanger 25 to complete the heat exchange process with the return stream, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the temperature of the input stream and cooling the return stream.

[0060] Stage three: The engine 100 is in the end ammonia fuel supply mode: in this mode, the second heat exchanger 25 can remain in operation, the second switch valve 6 is in a closed state, and the first switch valve 5 is in an open state. In this embodiment, nitrogen is used to purge the interior of the engine 100, and the purged waste liquid can be transported to the gas-liquid separation tank 31 for separation and treatment. In this embodiment, a pressure control unit is provided in the gas-liquid separation tank 31. The pressure control unit can effectively control the pressure of the ammonia fuel and prevent the ammonia fuel from vaporizing during the gas-liquid separation process and being separated into the waste gas treatment unit 32, thereby reducing energy waste. Preferably, the pressure control unit is nitrogen. The separated liquid remains in the gas-liquid separation tank 31 and can be transferred to the buffer tank 22 again for direct use next time.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the waste gas treatment unit 32 is an ammonia treatment chamber, so that after the overflow gas enters the ammonia treatment chamber, the ammonia in the overflow gas can be completely absorbed by the absorption liquid (such as water) in the ammonia treatment chamber, thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas contains almost no ammonia and is discharged, reducing pollution to the environment and achieving the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a ship, including an engine 100 and the above-mentioned ammonia fuel supply device. By connecting the ammonia fuel supply device provided by this embodiment to the engine 100, when the ammonia fuel mode of the engine 100 ends, the residual ammonia fuel in the engine 100 can flow back into the gas-liquid separation tank 31. The gas-liquid separation tank 31 is used to separate the ammonia fuel in a liquid state from other impurity gases, so that the other impurity gases can be collected and stored by the exhaust gas treatment unit 32. The liquid ammonia fuel continues to remain in the gas-liquid separation tank 31 and flows back to the buffer tank 22 when needed, so that it can be put into use directly next time, saving costs and ensuring fuel purity. At the same time, when the engine 100 is in a low-load operating state, the reflux flow flowing out of the engine 100 can exchange heat with the input flow flowing out of the buffer tank 22 in the second heat exchanger 25, and the reflux flow with a higher temperature is cooled by the input flow, thereby realizing energy recovery and avoiding the introduction of additional cold sources, meeting the engine 199's requirements for ammonia fuel inlet temperature and pressure, reflux temperature control and purity, ensuring the rationality of the engine nozzle system temperature, and improving the economic applicability of the ship as well as its safety and stability during operation.

[0063] Throughout this specification, references to "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and the like indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ammonia fuel supply device, characterized in that: include: An ammonia fuel storage module (1), an ammonia fuel supply module, and an ammonia fuel processing module, wherein: The ammonia fuel storage module (1) is used to store ammonia fuel; The ammonia fuel supply module comprises a low-pressure pump (21), a buffer tank (22), a high-pressure pump (23), a first heat exchanger (24) and a second heat exchanger (25), wherein the buffer tank (22) is arranged between the low-pressure pump (21) and the high-pressure pump (23), the first heat exchanger (24) is arranged between the high-pressure pump (23) and the engine (100), and the second heat exchanger (25) is arranged between the engine (100) and the ammonia fuel processing module, the first heat exchanger (24) and the second heat exchanger (25) are arranged in parallel, and the high-pressure pump (23) is selectively connected to the first heat exchanger (24) and the second heat exchanger (25); The ammonia fuel processing module is located downstream of the engine (100) and is arranged between the second heat exchanger (25) and the buffer tank (22); When the high-pressure pump (23) is connected to the second heat exchanger (25), the return flow in the cavity of the engine (100) and the input flow flowing out of the buffer tank (22) are thermally connected in the second heat exchanger (25).

2. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel processing module comprises a gas-liquid separation tank (31) and an exhaust gas treatment unit (32); the liquid inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31) is connected to the engine (100) via the second heat exchanger (25); the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31) is connected to the buffer tank (22); and the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separation tank (31) is connected to the exhaust gas treatment unit (32).

3. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure control unit is provided in the gas-liquid separation tank (31), and the pressure control unit is used to control the ammonia fuel within a preset pressure range to prevent the ammonia fuel from vaporizing.

4. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first switch valve (5) is provided between the second heat exchanger (25) and the gas-liquid separation tank (31), and a second switch valve (6) is provided between the second heat exchanger (25) and the buffer tank (22). The first switch valve (5) and the second switch valve (6) are provided in parallel, and the first switch valve (5) and the second switch valve (6) are in different switch states.

5. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel supply module further includes a duplex filter (27), and the duplex filter (27) is connected between the first heat exchanger (24) and the engine (100).

6. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel supply module further includes a supply flow meter (28) and a bypass return valve (29), wherein the supply flow meter (28) is connected between the duplex filter (27) and the engine (100), and the bypass return valve (29) is connected between the high-pressure pump (23) and the buffer tank (22), and is arranged in parallel with the second heat exchanger (25), and the bypass return valve (29) is communicatively connected to the supply flow meter (28) and the high-pressure pump (23).

7. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel processing module further includes a reflux flow meter (33), and the reflux flow meter (33) is connected between the second heat exchanger (25) and the engine (100).

8. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ammonia fuel supply device further includes a valve group unit (4), the valve group unit (4) including a third switch valve and a fourth switch valve, the third switch valve being connected between the supply flow meter (28) and the engine (100), and the fourth switch valve being connected between the engine (100) and the return flow meter (33).

9. The ammonia fuel supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fifth switch valve (7) is provided between the high-pressure pump (23) and the first heat exchanger (24), and a sixth switch valve (8) is provided between the high-pressure pump (23) and the second heat exchanger (25). The fifth switch valve (7) and the sixth switch valve (8) are provided in parallel, and the fifth switch valve (7) and the sixth switch valve (8) are in different switch states.

10. A vessel, characterized in that The invention comprises the ammonia fuel supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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