A four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of chemical synthesis, in particular, to a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange. It comprises a protective furnace cylinder, a combustion assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the inner side of the protective furnace cylinder, a graphite pipe is arranged between the protective furnace cylinder and the combustion assembly, and an absorption treatment assembly is arranged above the protective furnace cylinder. The present application can form a first heat recovery from bottom to top for the graphite pipe, and the heat exchange graphite block connected with the graphite pipe will form uniform heat exchange through the circulating heat exchange pipe and the surrounding heat exchange pipe, and a second heat recovery through the heat exchange cooling assembly. The present application can form a structure for uniform heat exchange and a heat recovery mechanism on the graphite pipe and the heat exchange graphite block, complete the uniform exchange and recovery of the heat generated in the process of burning hydrogen chloride by burning chlorine and hydrogen, and prevent the problem of uneven heat distribution of the protective furnace cylinder, which causes the difference in the wear degree of the cylinder wall of the protective furnace cylinder and affects the service life of the cylinder wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical synthesis, in particular to a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange. Background Art

[0002] Graphite synthesis furnace refers to chemical synthesis or incineration equipment made of graphite material as the base material, mainly including graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace and graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace. Graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace is a device for directly burning chlorine and hydrogen to produce hydrogen chloride gas. Compared with steel synthesis furnace, it has no special requirements for the water content of raw chlorine and hydrogen, does not require pre-treatment equipment, and thus has a simpler process, high heat transfer efficiency, and a lower hydrogen chloride gas outlet temperature; it also has the advantages of strong corrosion resistance, low maintenance during normal operation, and long equipment life.

[0003] A typical graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace consists of a burner, furnace drum, cooling device, and safety and explosion-proof devices. The burner is located at the bottom of the equipment and consists of chlorine and hydrogen inlet pipes and a lamp holder.

[0004] Among them, the four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace combines four process procedures such as chlorine and hydrogen synthesis, absorption, cooling and tail gas treatment into one device, so it is called a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace.

[0005] During the production process of the graphite synthesis furnace, the combustion synthesis of chlorine and hydrogen will generate a large amount of heat. In order to reasonably utilize this heat, water vapor is generally produced in the cooling system using this heat. When chlorine and hydrogen are burned inside the burner, the combustion ignition part is distributed at the bottom of the synthesis furnace, resulting in chlorine and hydrogen also first burning and releasing heat at the bottom during combustion. This uneven combustion heat release can easily cause an imbalance in the heat distribution inside the synthesis furnace. While losing heat, the uneven heat release will affect the operation of the cooling system and affect the cylinder wall of the synthesis furnace near the combustion point, affecting the service life of the cylinder wall. Due to the high cost of the synthesis furnace, the maintenance cost is also very high, which indirectly increases the cost of use and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange, so as to solve the problem that when chlorine and hydrogen are burned inside the burner, the combustion ignition part is distributed at the bottom of the synthesis furnace, resulting in that during combustion, chlorine and hydrogen also burn and release heat first at the bottom. This uneven combustion heat release can easily cause an imbalance in the heat distribution inside the synthesis furnace. While losing heat, the uneven heat release will affect the operation of the cooling system and affect the cylinder wall of the synthesis furnace close to the combustion point, affecting the service life of the cylinder wall. Since the synthesis furnace is expensive, the maintenance cost is also very high, which indirectly increases the cost of use and maintenance costs.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange, comprising a protective furnace drum, a combustion assembly is provided at the bottom end of the inner side of the protective furnace drum, a graphite tube is provided between the protective furnace drum and the combustion assembly, and an absorption treatment assembly is provided above the protective furnace drum;

[0008] A circulating heat exchange mechanism, comprising an outer ring heat exchange component and a circulating heat conduction component. The outer ring heat exchange component is disposed around the outside of the graphite tube, and the circulating heat conduction component is disposed within the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component and performs upper and lower side circulating heat exchange within the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component, thereby helping the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component to exchange heat evenly.

[0009] A two-way cooling mechanism includes a steam generating assembly and a heat exchange cooling assembly. The steam generating assembly is connected to the inner side of the protective furnace, and the steam generating assembly acts on the graphite tube. The heat exchange cooling assembly is connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer ring heat exchange assembly, and the heat exchange cooling assembly acts on the heat exchange part of the outer ring heat exchange assembly.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the outer ring heat exchange assembly includes an outer ring box and a heat exchange graphite block. The outer ring box is arranged for heat exchange on the outside of the protective furnace drum, and a heat exchange window is opened at the connection between the protective furnace drum and the outer ring box. The outer ring box includes four box parts, which are distributed on the four sides of the protective furnace drum. The heat exchange graphite blocks are stacked in a group and arranged on the inside of the outer ring box. The heat exchange graphite blocks are connected to the graphite tube inside the protective furnace drum through the heat exchange window, so that the heat of the graphite tube can be transferred to the heat exchange graphite block.

[0011] Wherein, the heat exchange graphite block is provided with a plurality of horizontal and vertical heat dissipation holes.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the circulating heat-conducting assembly includes a circulating heat-exchange tube and a surrounding heat-exchange tube. The circulating heat-exchange tube passes through all the heat-exchange graphite blocks inside the four boxes of the outer ring box, and the circulating heat-exchange tubes are connected end to end. The surrounding heat-exchange tubes are arranged in parallel in a group between the four boxes of the outer ring box, and the surrounding heat-exchange tubes pass horizontally through the heat-exchange graphite blocks located on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] Wherein, the inner sides of the circulating heat exchange tube and the surrounding heat exchange tube both contain coolant.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the circulating heat exchange tube passes through the heat exchange graphite block close to the protective furnace drum, and the surrounding heat exchange tube passes through the heat exchange graphite block away from the protective furnace drum, so that the circulating heat exchange tube and the surrounding heat exchange tube cooperate to form a heat exchange structure on both the inner and outer sides of the heat exchange graphite block;

[0015] Wherein, the diameter of the circulating heat exchange tube is larger than the diameter of the surrounding heat exchange tube.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the steam generating assembly includes a collecting tank body, a water injection pipe and a steam outlet pipe. The collecting tank body is a metal tank body. The water injection pipes are arranged in a group of two in the lower half of the collecting tank body, and the other end of the water injection pipe is connected to the bottom of the graphite tube in the protective furnace barrel. The steam outlet pipe is arranged in the upper half of the collecting tank body, and the other end of the steam outlet pipe is connected to the top of the graphite tube in the protective furnace barrel.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the heat exchange cooling assembly includes a cooling body, a coolant input pipe, a dispersed spraying mechanism and a recovery pipe. The cooling body is a metal tank body. The coolant input pipe is arranged at the end of the cooling body. The dispersed spraying mechanism is arranged around the outer ring box body, and the coolant input pipe is connected to the dispersed spraying mechanism. The recovery pipe is arranged at the lower end of the outer ring box body, and the other end of the recovery pipe is connected to the cooling body.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the dispersed spraying mechanism includes a connecting elbow and a spray head. The connecting elbows are grouped into four and are vertically arranged above the four boxes of the outer ring box body, and the connecting elbows are all connected to the coolant inlet pipe. The spray head is arranged on the end of the connecting elbow passing through the outer ring box body, and the spray head is facing the heat exchange graphite block inside the outer ring box body.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present technical solution, the connecting elbow includes a vertical pipe connected to the coolant inlet pipe and a three-way elbow arranged below the vertical pipe. The three-way elbow passes through the top wall and two side walls of the four side boxes of the outer ring box respectively, and the three ends of the three tube bodies of the three-way elbow are provided with spray heads.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention can form a first-level heat recovery from bottom to top for the graphite tube through the joint action of the protective furnace drum, the combustion assembly, the graphite tube, the circulating heat exchange mechanism and the bidirectional cooling mechanism. At the same time, the heat exchange graphite block connected to the graphite tube will form uniform heat exchange through the circulating heat exchange tube and the surrounding heat exchange tube, and perform a second-level heat recovery through the heat exchange cooling assembly. It can form a uniform heat exchange structure and a heat recovery mechanism on the graphite tube and the heat exchange graphite block, complete the uniform exchange and recovery of heat generated in the process of synthesizing hydrogen chloride by burning chlorine and hydrogen, and at the same time, it can also prevent the problem of uneven heat distribution in the protective furnace drum causing different wear degrees of the protective furnace drum wall and affecting the service life of the drum wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the circulating heat exchange mechanism and the steam generating assembly in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the circulating heat exchange mechanism and the heat exchange cooling assembly after the outer ring box is opened in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the protective furnace drum, combustion assembly, heat exchange graphite block and circulating heat conduction assembly in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural separation of the protective furnace drum, combustion assembly, graphite tube, heat exchange graphite block and circulating heat conduction assembly in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the heat exchange graphite blocks and circulating heat conduction components in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Protective furnace drum; 2. Combustion assembly; 3. Graphite tube; 4. Circulating heat exchange mechanism; 41. Outer ring heat exchange assembly; 411. Outer ring box; 412. Heat exchange graphite block; 42. Circulating heat conduction assembly; 421. Circulating heat exchange tube; 422. Surrounding heat exchange tube; 5. Two-way cooling mechanism; 51. Steam generating assembly; 511. Collection tank body; 512. Water injection pipe; 513. Steam outlet pipe; 52. Heat exchange cooling assembly; 521. Cooling body; 522. Cooling liquid input pipe; 523. Recovery pipe; 6. Absorption treatment assembly; 7. Dispersion spraying mechanism; 701. Connecting elbow; 702. Spraying head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-8 , a four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange, in order to prevent the internal heat imbalance of the synthesis furnace and the burner, uniformly exchange heat for the synthesis furnace, help the heat exchange mechanism to complete heat exchange more evenly, better utilize heat, and increase the service life of the tube wall, here is provided with a protection furnace barrel 1, the bottom end of the inner side of the protection furnace barrel 1 is provided with a combustion component 2, a graphite tube 3 is provided between the protection furnace barrel 1 and the combustion component 2, and an absorption and processing component 6 is provided above the protection furnace barrel 1. The absorption and processing component 6 is used to absorb the hydrogen chloride gas generated in the protection furnace barrel 1 and complete the tail gas treatment, which will not be described in detail here;

[0035] The circulating heat exchange mechanism 4 includes an outer ring heat exchange component 41 and a circulating heat conduction component 42. The outer ring heat exchange component 41 is arranged around the outside of the graphite tube 3, and the circulating heat conduction component 42 is arranged in the heat exchange part of the outer ring heat exchange component 41. The circulating heat exchange component 42 plays a role of upper and lower side circulation heat exchange in the heat exchange part of the outer ring heat exchange component 41, helping the heat exchange part of the outer ring heat exchange component 41 to exchange heat evenly.

[0036] The two-way cooling mechanism 5 includes a steam generating component 51 and a heat exchange cooling component 52. The steam generating component 51 is connected to the inner side of the protective furnace barrel 1, and the steam generating component 51 acts on the graphite tube 3, which can absorb the heat of the graphite tube 3 to generate steam and discharge it. The heat exchange cooling component 52 is connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer ring heat exchange component 41, and the heat exchange cooling component 52 acts on the heat exchange part of the outer ring heat exchange component 41. Through the joint action of the steam generating component 51 and the heat exchange cooling component 52, the cooling of the inside of the protective furnace barrel 1 and the cooling of the outer ring heat exchange component 41 are formed, and steam is generated and recovered at the same time, which helps to reduce the impact of heat on the protective furnace barrel 1.

[0037] The outer ring heat exchange assembly 41 includes an outer ring box 411 and heat exchange graphite blocks 412. The outer ring box 411 is arranged for heat exchange outside the protective furnace barrel 1, and a heat exchange window is opened at the connection between the protective furnace barrel 1 and the outer ring box 411. The outer ring box 411 includes four box parts, which are distributed on the four sides of the protective furnace barrel 1. A plurality of heat exchange graphite blocks 412 are stacked in a group and arranged inside the outer ring box 411. The heat exchange graphite blocks 412 pass through the heat exchange window and are connected to the graphite tubes 3 inside the protective furnace barrel 1, so that the heat of the graphite tubes 3 can be transferred to the heat exchange graphite blocks 412.

[0038] The heat exchange graphite block 412 is provided with a plurality of horizontal and vertical heat dissipation holes. The heat exchange graphite block 412 provided with the horizontal and vertical heat dissipation holes can better complete heat conduction and heat exchange.

[0039] The circulating heat transfer assembly 42 includes a circulating heat exchange tube 421 and a surrounding heat exchange tube 422. The circulating heat exchange tube 421 passes through all the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 inside the four boxes of the outer ring box 411, and the circulating heat exchange tube 421 is connected end to end. Figure 8 As shown, the circulating heat exchange tube 421 passes through the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 from top to bottom and is connected end to end, forming heat transfer to all the heat exchange graphite blocks 412. A plurality of surrounding heat exchange tubes 422 are arranged in parallel between the four boxes of the outer ring box 411 in a group, and the surrounding heat exchange tubes 422 horizontally pass through the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 located on the same horizontal plane.

[0040] The inner sides of the circulating heat exchange tube 421 and the surrounding heat exchange tube 422 both contain coolant, which can circulate in the circulating heat exchange tube 421 and the surrounding heat exchange tube 422 to increase the heat exchange rate between the circulating heat exchange tube 421 and the surrounding heat exchange tube 422.

[0041] The circulating heat exchange tube 421 passes through the heat exchange graphite block 412 on the side close to the protective furnace drum 1, and the surrounding heat exchange tube 422 passes through the heat exchange graphite block 412 on the side away from the protective furnace drum 1, so that the circulating heat exchange tube 421 and the surrounding heat exchange tube 422 cooperate to form a heat exchange structure on both the inner and outer sides of the heat exchange graphite block 412;

[0042] Among them, the diameter of the circulating heat exchange tube 421 is larger than the diameter of the surrounding heat exchange tube 422. The circulating heat exchange tube 421 with a larger diameter has more coolant inside, and at the same time, its heat absorption capacity and fluidity are stronger, so that the heat exchange capacity of the circulating heat exchange tube 421 is stronger than that of the surrounding heat exchange tube 422. The side with a higher temperature close to the protective furnace drum 1 is heat exchanged through the circulating heat exchange tube 421, and the side with a lower temperature away from the protective furnace drum 1 is heat exchanged through the surrounding heat exchange tube 422, so that the heat exchange is more uniform.

[0043] The steam generating assembly 51 includes a collecting tank body 511, a water injection pipe 512 and a steam outlet pipe 513. The collecting tank body 511 is a metal tank body. The two water injection pipes 512 are arranged in a group at the lower half of the collecting tank body 511, and the other end of the water injection pipe 512 is connected to the bottom of the graphite tube 3 in the protective furnace 1. The steam outlet pipe 513 is arranged at the upper half of the collecting tank body 511, and the other end of the steam outlet pipe 513 is connected to the top of the graphite tube 3 in the protective furnace 1. The lower half of the collecting tank body 511 is connected to the water injection pipe 512 through a pump body, and the upper half is connected to the steam outlet pipe 513 through an air pump. The collecting tank body 511 introduces water into the lower half of the graphite tube 3 in the protective furnace 1 through the water injection pipe 512, and the water is heated into water vapor by the heat of the graphite tube 3 and floats up, and is then exported to the collecting tank body 511 through the steam outlet pipe 513 and used for other purposes.

[0044] The heat exchange cooling assembly 52 includes a cooling body 521, a cooling liquid input pipe 522, a dispersion spraying mechanism 7 and a recovery pipe 523. The cooling body 521 is a metal tank body. The cooling body 521 can complete heat exchange and heat utilization. It is not described here. The cooling liquid input pipe 522 is arranged at the end of the cooling body 521. The cooling body 521 introduces cooling liquid into the cooling liquid input pipe 522 through the pump body. The dispersion spraying mechanism 7 is arranged around the outer ring box 411, and the cooling liquid input pipe 522 is connected to the dispersion spraying mechanism 7. The recovery pipe 523 is connected to the outer ring box 411. 3 is arranged at the lower end of the outer ring box 411, and the other end of the recovery pipe 523 is connected to the cooling body 521. The cooling body 521 and the recovery pipe 523 are connected by a pump body, which can suck out the cooling liquid in the recovery pipe 523 and introduce the cooling liquid into the dispersion spraying mechanism 7 through the cooling liquid input pipe 522. The cooling liquid is sprayed from above into the outer ring box 411 through the dispersion spraying mechanism 7, and is sprayed on the heat exchange graphite block 412 and flows down. Finally, it is recovered through the recovery pipe 523 below the outer ring box 411, forming a circulating liquid cooling structure.

[0045] Furthermore, the dispersed spraying mechanism 7 includes a connecting bend 701 and a spray head 702. The connecting bends 701 are grouped into four and are vertically arranged above the four boxes of the outer ring box 411. The connecting bends 701 are all connected to the coolant inlet pipe 522. The spray head 702 is arranged on the end of the connecting bend 701 passing through the outer ring box 411, and the spray head 702 is facing the heat exchange graphite block 412 inside the outer ring box 411.

[0046] Furthermore, the connecting elbow 701 includes a vertical pipe connected to the coolant input pipe 522 and a three-way elbow arranged below the vertical pipe. The three-way elbow passes through the top wall and two side walls of the four side boxes of the outer ring box 411 respectively, and the three tube ends of the three-way elbow are provided with spray heads 702. The three spray heads 702 of the three-way elbow introduce cooling liquid in three directions of the four box ends of the outer ring box 411, so that the cooling liquid can flow more evenly and comprehensively through the heat exchange graphite block 412 inside the outer ring box 411, thereby better completing heat exchange.

[0047] In this embodiment, chlorine and hydrogen are introduced into the combustion assembly 2 at the inner bottom end of the protective furnace barrel 1 to complete the combustion and generate hydrogen chloride gas. During the process, the heat generated will be transferred to the graphite tube 3 between the protective furnace barrel 1 and the combustion assembly 2. Since the combustion occurs in the lower half of the protective furnace barrel 1 close to the combustion assembly 2, the temperature of the lower half of the graphite tube 3 is higher than that of the upper half. At this time, water is introduced into the lower half of the graphite tube 3 in the protective furnace barrel 1 through the water injection pipe 512 of the collection tank body 511. The water is heated into water vapor by the heat of the graphite tube 3 and is discharged upward. The steam is discharged through the steam outlet pipe 513 above the graphite tube 3 to the collecting tank body 511 and used for other purposes, thereby forming the first cooling and heat recovery of the graphite tube 3. Since the heat of the graphite tube 3 will be transferred outwards, it will be transferred to the heat exchange graphite block 412 inside the outer ring box 411. At this time, the heat of the heat exchange graphite block 412 in the lower half of the outer ring box 411 will be higher than that in the upper half. Since the circulating heat exchange pipe 421 passes through all the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 inside the four boxes of the outer ring box 411, the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 in the lower half of the outer ring box 411 will be higher than that in the upper half. The heat transfer effect of the internal coolant 21 can circulate the heat up and down, so that the heat of the heat exchange graphite block 412 is kept in a uniform range. At the same time, a surrounding heat exchange tube 422 is set between the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 on the same horizontal plane to further complete the heat transfer and circulation of the heat exchange graphite blocks 412, and help form a uniform heat exchange between all the heat exchange graphite blocks 412 in the four boxes of the outer ring box 411. During the process, the cooling body 521 introduces the cooling liquid into the dispersed spraying mechanism 7 through the coolant input pipe 522, and the dispersed spraying mechanism 7 A three-way elbow is used to introduce cooling liquid into the outer ring box 411 in three directions, forming an all-round cooling liquid spraying and introduction, absorbing the heat of the heat exchange graphite block 412, and recovering it to the cooling body 521 through the recovery pipe 523, completing the heat recovery and other utilization of the heat exchange graphite block 412, completing the uniform exchange and recovery of heat generated in the process of synthesizing hydrogen chloride by combustion of chlorine and hydrogen, and at the same time, preventing the problem of uneven heat distribution in the protective furnace tube 1 causing different wear degrees of the protective furnace tube 1 wall, thereby affecting the service life of the wall.

[0048] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange, characterized in that: include: A protective furnace barrel (1), wherein a combustion assembly (2) is provided at the inner bottom end of the protective furnace barrel (1), a graphite tube (3) is provided between the protective furnace barrel (1) and the combustion assembly (2), and an absorption treatment assembly (6) is provided above the protective furnace barrel (1); A circulating heat exchange mechanism (4), the circulating heat exchange mechanism (4) comprising an outer ring heat exchange component (41) and a circulating heat conduction component (42), the outer ring heat exchange component (41) being arranged around the outside of the graphite tube (3), the circulating heat conduction component (42) being arranged in the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component (41), and playing an upper and lower side circulating heat exchange role in the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component (41), thereby helping the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange component (41) to exchange heat evenly; A two-way cooling mechanism (5), the two-way cooling mechanism (5) comprising a steam generating assembly (51) and a heat exchange cooling assembly (52), the steam generating assembly (51) being connected to the inner side of the protective furnace barrel (1), and the steam generating assembly (51) acting on the graphite tube (3), the heat exchange cooling assembly (52) being connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer ring heat exchange assembly (41), and the heat exchange cooling assembly (52) acting on the heat exchange portion of the outer ring heat exchange assembly (41); The outer ring heat exchange assembly (41) includes an outer ring box (411) and a heat exchange graphite block (412), the outer ring box (411) is arranged for heat exchange outside the protective furnace barrel (1), and a heat exchange window is provided at the connection between the protective furnace barrel (1) and the outer ring box (411), the outer ring box (411) includes four box parts, which are distributed on four sides of the protective furnace barrel (1), and a plurality of heat exchange graphite blocks (412) are stacked in a group and arranged inside the outer ring box (411), and the heat exchange graphite blocks (412) are connected to the graphite tube (3) inside the protective furnace barrel (1) through the heat exchange window, so that the heat of the graphite tube (3) can be transferred to the heat exchange graphite block (412); The heat exchange graphite block (412) is provided with a plurality of horizontal and vertical heat dissipation holes; The circulating heat-conducting assembly (42) includes a circulating heat-exchange tube (421) and a surrounding heat-exchange tube (422), wherein the circulating heat-exchange tube (421) passes through all the heat-exchange graphite blocks (412) inside the four boxes of the outer ring box (411), and the circulating heat-exchange tube (421) is connected end to end, and the surrounding heat-exchange tube (422) is arranged in parallel between the four boxes of the outer ring box (411) in a group, and the surrounding heat-exchange tube (422) passes horizontally through the heat-exchange graphite blocks (412) located on the same horizontal plane; The inner sides of the circulating heat exchange tube (421) and the surrounding heat exchange tube (422) both contain cooling liquid.

2. A four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating heat exchange tube (421) passes through the heat exchange graphite block (412) on the side close to the protective furnace barrel (1), and the surrounding heat exchange tube (422) passes through the heat exchange graphite block (412) on the side away from the protective furnace barrel (1), so that the circulating heat exchange tube (421) and the surrounding heat exchange tube (422) cooperate to form a heat exchange structure on both the inside and outside of the heat exchange graphite block (412); Wherein, the diameter of the circulating heat exchange tube (421) is larger than the diameter of the surrounding heat exchange tube (422).

3. The four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generating assembly (51) comprises a collecting tank body (511), a water injection pipe (512) and a steam outlet pipe (513). The collecting tank body (511) is a metal tank body. Two water injection pipes (512) are arranged in a group at the lower half of the collecting tank body (511), and the other end of the water injection pipe (512) is connected to the bottom of the graphite tube (3) in the protective furnace barrel (1). The steam outlet pipe (513) is arranged in the upper half of the collecting tank body (511), and the other end of the steam outlet pipe (513) is connected to the top of the graphite tube (3) in the protective furnace barrel (1).

4. The four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange cooling component (52) includes a cooling body (521), a cooling liquid input pipe (522), a dispersion spraying mechanism (7) and a recovery pipe (523), wherein the cooling body (521) is a metal tank body, the cooling liquid input pipe (522) is arranged at the end of the cooling body (521), the dispersion spraying mechanism (7) is arranged around the top of the outer ring box (411), and the cooling liquid input pipe (522) is connected to the dispersion spraying mechanism (7), and the recovery pipe (523) is arranged at the lower end of the outer ring box (411), and the other end of the recovery pipe (523) is connected to the cooling body (521).

5. The four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dispersed spraying mechanism (7) includes a connecting elbow (701) and a spray head (702), wherein the connecting elbows (701) are grouped into four and are vertically arranged above the four boxes of the outer ring box (411), and the connecting elbows (701) are all connected to the coolant inlet pipe (522), and the spray head (702) is arranged on the end of the connecting elbow (701) passing through the outer ring box (411), and the spray head (702) is facing the heat exchange graphite block (412) inside the outer ring box (411).

6. The four-in-one graphite synthesis furnace for uniform heat exchange according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting elbow (701) includes a vertical pipe connected to the coolant input pipe (522) and a three-way elbow arranged below the vertical pipe. The three-way elbow respectively penetrates the top wall and two side walls of the four side boxes of the outer ring box (411), and the three ends of the three-way elbow are all provided with spray heads (702).

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