Solid hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage

Abstract

The invention provides a solid hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and heat energy management. Comprising the steps that in the hydrogen storage stage, a solid hydrogen storage module (adopting magnesium base alloy or rare earth alloy) absorbs hydrogen and releases heat, and heat is transferred to a phase change heat storage module (containing paraffin or a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature ranges from 60 DEG C to 80 DEG C) through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger to be stored; when the temperature reaches a preset upper limit, natural convection is started, and the forced air cooling or liquid cooling heat dissipation module is used for overload heat dissipation; in the hydrogen desorption stage, the phase-change material is solidified through the active cooling system to release latent heat, and the latent heat is reversely transmitted to the solid hydrogen storage module to meet the heat absorption requirement; the system monitors the temperature of each module and the environment in real time through a temperature sensor, dynamically regulates and controls the heat transfer direction of a heat pipe, the start and stop of a heat dissipation module and a cooling strategy, and achieves efficient, stable and self-adaptive heat management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and thermal energy management, and specifically relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for clean energy, hydrogen has attracted much attention as an ideal energy carrier due to its high energy density and environmental friendliness. However, the storage and transportation of hydrogen face many challenges, such as the selection of hydrogen storage materials, heat management, and system safety. Traditional hydrogen storage methods such as high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen storage have safety hazards and efficiency issues. In recent years, solid-state hydrogen storage technology has gradually become a research hotspot due to its advantages in safety and hydrogen storage density. The inventors found that the existing solid-state hydrogen storage module will generate a large amount of heat energy when absorbing hydrogen. If it is not discharged in time, it may cause the performance of the hydrogen storage material to degrade or the structure to be damaged. Therefore, how to effectively manage the heat generated during the absorption and desorption of hydrogen has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one aspect of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in this application are: The first embodiment of the present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage, comprising: Absorbing hydrogen through a solid-state hydrogen storage module, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage module comprises a magnesium-based alloy or a rare earth alloy material, and an exothermic reaction occurs during the hydrogen absorption process; The heat generated by the exothermic reaction is transferred to the phase change heat storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage module contains paraffin or a composite phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 60°C to 80°C. When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches a preset upper limit, the heat dissipation module is activated for overload heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation module includes natural convection heat dissipation, forced air cooling or liquid cooling auxiliary heat dissipation; When hydrogen needs to be released, the temperature of the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below the phase change temperature through an active cooling system, so that the phase change material changes from liquid to solid and releases latent heat; The heat released by the phase change heat storage module is reversely transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger to provide the heat absorption energy required by the solid-state hydrogen storage module to release hydrogen; The solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature are monitored in real time through temperature sensors, and the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module and the cooling strategy are dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring data.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present application, the overload heat dissipation of the heat dissipation module includes the following steps: When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches 90°C, the finned heat sink is activated to utilize the polar low temperature environment for natural convection heat dissipation; If natural convection heat dissipation is insufficient, the antifreeze fan is started for forced air cooling, and the antifreeze fan is provided with a low-temperature antifreeze coating; If forced air cooling still cannot meet the needs, ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as antifreeze for liquid cooling circulation heat dissipation.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present application, the active cooling system during the hydrogen discharge phase includes the following steps: Lowering the temperature of the phase change heat storage module to below the phase change point through a finned heat sink or a heat pump to trigger the phase change material to change from liquid to solid; The cooling strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than -40°C, finned heat sinks are used for natural heat dissipation.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present application, a controllable heat release strategy is also included, specifically: Use multi-stage phase change materials to release heat in stages to match the heat absorption requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage module; During the hydrogen release stage, the heat from the phase change heat storage module is transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the bidirectional heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: The temperature sensor monitors the solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature in real time; The coordination module automatically switches the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe according to the monitoring data and controls the start and stop of the heat dissipation module; The insulation module uses a vacuum insulation layer to reduce heat loss and maintain the thermal stability of the system.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the heat released in the hydrogen storage stage is 70 kJ / 10ol, and the heat pipe technology uses ammonia or water as the working fluid.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, the phase change material of the phase change heat storage module is selected from paraffin, composite phase change material or salt hydrate, the phase change temperature range is 60°C~80°C, and the phase change latent heat of the phase change material is greater than 200 kJ / k5.

[0011] A thermal management device, comprising: Solid-state thermal storage module for storing thermal energy; A phase change heat storage module is arranged in parallel with the solid-state heat storage module and stores heat energy through a phase change process; A controller, electrically connected to the solid-state heat storage module, the phase change heat storage module and the circulation motor, for controlling the circulation and switching state of the thermal fluid; a radiator, thermally connected to the solid-state heat storage module and the phase-change heat storage module, for dissipating heat; a circulation motor, disposed in the conduit and connected to the radiator, for driving the thermal fluid to circulate in the system; a conduit, one end of which is connected to the radiator, and the other end of which is respectively connected to the solid-state heat storage module and the phase change heat storage module, for heat exchange of the thermal fluid; External packaging, encapsulating the solid-state heat storage module, phase change heat storage module, controller, radiator, circulation motor and conduit to form a closed space; The internally packaged thermal fluid is filled in the external package and circulates between the solid-state thermal storage module, the phase change thermal storage module, and the radiator through a conduit. The thermal fluid is an ethylene glycol solution.

[0012] A computer-readable storage medium stores a program, which implements the steps of the method when executed by a processor.

[0013] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the steps in the method are implemented when the processor executes the program. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows: This application utilizes paraffin or composite phase-change materials in the phase-change heat storage module to absorb and store heat released by the solid-state hydrogen storage module during hydrogen absorption within a phase-change temperature range of 60°C to 80°C, thereby improving the overall system's thermal energy utilization. When the phase-change heat storage module reaches a preset upper temperature limit (e.g., 90°C), the heat dissipation module automatically activates, selecting natural convection, forced air cooling, or liquid cooling as needed to ensure stable system operation under varying operating conditions.

[0014] This application uses temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of each module and the environment in real time. Based on this monitoring data, the application dynamically adjusts the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module, and the cooling strategy. This achieves precise control of the heat of the entire system and enhances the system's adaptability and stability. When hydrogen desorption is required, the temperature of the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below the phase transition point through an active cooling system, causing the phase change material to transform from liquid to solid and release latent heat. This heat is then transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module via a heat pipe or finned heat exchanger, providing the heat absorption energy required for desorption, thereby improving desorption efficiency and overall system performance.

[0015] The design of this application takes into account the application in low-temperature environments such as polar regions, and adopts anti-freeze design (such as ethylene glycol water solution circulation heat dissipation), so that the system can work normally at extremely low temperatures of -40°C, expanding the scope of application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a thermal management device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Reference numerals: 2. Solid-state heat storage module; 3. Phase change heat storage module; 4. External packaging; 5. Internal packaging thermal fluid; 6. Controller; 8. Conduit; 9. Radiator; 10. Circulation motor; 810. Processor; 820. Communication interface; 830. Memory; 840. Communication bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present application, a detailed description is given below in an illustrative manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features of each embodiment may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the first embodiment of the present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage, comprising: Hydrogen is absorbed by a solid-state hydrogen storage module, which comprises a magnesium-based alloy or a rare earth alloy material, and an exothermic reaction occurs during the hydrogen absorption process.

[0022] As mentioned above, solid-state hydrogen storage modules are a technology that stores hydrogen through physical adsorption or chemical reactions. Magnesium-based alloys or rare earth alloys are used as hydrogen storage materials. These materials undergo an exothermic reaction during hydrogen absorption. For example, magnesium-based alloys (such as 105H2) absorb hydrogen to form hydrides, releasing a large amount of heat. This reaction is reversible, meaning that when the hydrogen needs to be released, the hydrides can be decomposed by heating to regenerate hydrogen and the metal alloy. This method not only improves the safety of hydrogen storage, but also, due to its high-density hydrogen storage capacity, is well suited for applications requiring large-scale hydrogen storage.

[0023] For example, suppose you are designing a hydrogen energy system for mobile devices. This system uses a magnesium-based alloy as a solid-state hydrogen storage material. When hydrogen is needed, a gas containing hydrogen is passed into the solid-state hydrogen storage module. The magnesium-based alloy reacts chemically with the hydrogen to form 105H2 and release approximately 70kJ / 10ol of heat. This process not only effectively stores hydrogen but also allows the generated heat to be used for other applications, such as providing an additional heat source for the system. When hydrogen is needed, the solid-state hydrogen storage module is heated by an external heating device, causing the 105H2 to decompose into 105 and H2, thereby releasing the required hydrogen for fuel cells or other uses.

[0024] Furthermore, in addition to using a single type of phase change material, multiple phase change materials with different phase change temperatures can be introduced to more finely control thermal management. For example, under different operating conditions, selecting the right combination of phase change materials can optimize the efficiency of heat absorption and release, making the thermal management of the entire system more flexible and efficient.

[0025] Furthermore, considering the extreme environmental conditions (such as extremely low temperatures) that different application scenarios may face, further research and development of new hydrogen storage materials and heat dissipation technologies that are adapted to these conditions can be pursued. For example, new alloy materials that can maintain stability at lower temperatures can be developed, or existing heat dissipation technologies can be improved to enhance their performance in low-temperature environments.

[0026] Furthermore, advanced sensor technology and intelligent algorithms can be integrated to achieve real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the entire system. This not only improves the system's response speed and accuracy, but also dynamically adjusts operating parameters based on actual operating conditions, maximizing energy efficiency.

[0027] To further facilitate maintenance and expansion, a modular design concept can be adopted, designing each functional unit (such as the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the phase-change heat storage module) as an independent but interconnected module. The advantage of this is that related components can be quickly replaced or upgraded according to different needs, while also simplifying the installation and commissioning process of the entire system.

[0028] The heat generated by the exothermic reaction is transferred to the phase change heat storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage module contains paraffin or a composite phase change material, and the phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 60°C to 80°C.

[0029] As mentioned above, the heat generated during the hydrogen absorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storage module needs to be effectively discharged to avoid damage to the material performance and structure caused by overheating. Heat pipes or finned heat exchangers are used as heat transfer media to transfer this heat to the phase change heat storage module. The phase change heat storage module is filled with paraffin or composite phase change materials. These materials can undergo phase change within a specific temperature range (such as 60°C to 80°C), changing from solid to liquid and absorbing a large amount of latent heat, thereby achieving efficient heat storage. This design can not only effectively manage heat, but also release heat through a reverse process when needed, providing the necessary energy support for subsequent operations.

[0030] For example, suppose that in a hydrogen power generation system, the solid-state hydrogen storage module produces a significant exothermic reaction during the hydrogen charging process. In order to prevent overheating in this process from affecting the normal operation of the system, the system is equipped with a high-efficiency heat pipe or finned heat exchanger. These heat exchange devices quickly transfer the generated heat to the phase change heat storage module. For example, when paraffin is used as a phase change material, it begins to melt at around 65°C and absorbs a large amount of heat in the process. In this way, not only can the solid-state hydrogen storage module be protected from high-temperature damage, but this part of the heat can also be stored for subsequent operations, such as starting the auxiliary heating system when the ambient temperature is low.

[0031] Furthermore, in addition to a single type of phase change material, a series of phase change materials with different phase transition temperatures can be introduced to form a multi-stage heat storage system. For example, combining several phase change materials with different phase transition points (such as at 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C) can more precisely control the heat absorption and release process, improving the thermal energy utilization rate and response speed of the entire system.

[0032] Further optimizing heat pipe design, such as adopting new working fluids or improving heat pipe structure, can improve heat transfer efficiency. Especially for applications in extremely low-temperature environments, developing heat pipe technology that can maintain efficient heat transfer capabilities at lower temperatures can greatly expand the application range of the system.

[0033] Furthermore, by combining modern sensing technology with automated control systems, the operating status of the phase-change thermal storage module can be monitored and adjusted in real time. For example, by installing multiple temperature sensors, temperature changes at key locations can be accurately measured and automatically adjusted based on the temperature changes. This ensures that the system is always in optimal working condition.

[0034] Furthermore, considering the long-term sustainability and environmental protection requirements, research and development of new phase change materials that are more environmentally friendly and cost-effective are needed. For example, bio-based or biodegradable phase change materials can be found to meet energy storage needs while reducing environmental impact.

[0035] When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches a preset upper limit, the heat dissipation module is started to perform overload heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation module includes natural convection heat dissipation, forced air cooling or liquid cooling auxiliary heat dissipation.

[0036] As mentioned above, when the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches a preset upper limit (for example, 90°C), it means that the module has approached or reached the limit of its heat storage capacity. In order to prevent overheating from damaging the system components and ensure the stable operation of the system, the heat dissipation module needs to be started for overload heat dissipation. The heat dissipation module can adopt a variety of methods, including natural convection heat dissipation, forced air cooling and liquid cooling assisted heat dissipation. Natural convection heat dissipation uses the ambient low-temperature air to remove heat through the finned radiator; forced air cooling uses a fan to accelerate air flow to improve heat dissipation efficiency when natural heat dissipation is insufficient; and liquid cooling assisted heat dissipation absorbs and transfers excess heat by circulating antifreeze (such as ethylene glycol aqueous solution), which is especially suitable for working in extremely low temperature environments.

[0037] For example, in the hydrogen energy supply system of a polar research station, due to the very low external ambient temperature, natural convection heat dissipation alone can usually meet the demand most of the time. However, during certain high-load operating periods, the phase change heat storage module may quickly heat up to a preset upper limit (such as 90°C). At this time, the system will first try to reduce the temperature by increasing the natural convection heat dissipation area (for example, by deploying more heat sink fins). If this is not enough, a small fan will be automatically started for forced air cooling. In extreme cases, such as when the fan cannot work normally due to low temperatures, the system will switch to liquid cooling mode, using a pre-filled ethylene glycol water solution for circulation cooling to ensure effective heat dissipation even in extremely cold conditions and protect the entire system from overheating risks.

[0038] Furthermore, an intelligent control system can be introduced to automatically select the optimal cooling method based on real-time temperature data. For example, when the temperature just exceeds a preset value, natural convection cooling is prioritized to save energy. As the temperature rises, forced air cooling is gradually enabled, and finally liquid cooling is employed. This hierarchical response mechanism not only improves cooling efficiency but also reduces unnecessary energy consumption.

[0039] Furthermore, natural convection heat dissipation can be used as the basic cooling method first, and then combined with forced air cooling or even liquid cooling when necessary to form a multi-level heat dissipation network to enhance the overall heat dissipation capacity.

[0040] Furthermore, the design of the heat dissipation module can be optimized for different climate conditions. For cold regions, a special antifreeze heat dissipation device can be designed to ensure that all components can continue to operate normally even at temperatures below -40°C. For hot regions, the heat dissipation area may need to be increased or the fan speed may need to be increased to cope with the higher heat load.

[0041] Furthermore, it is possible to explore the use of more environmentally friendly cooling media to replace traditional ethylene glycol water solutions, such as bio-based coolants or other biodegradable materials. This will not only reduce the impact on the environment, but may also bring better thermal conductivity or other operational advantages.

[0042] Furthermore, energy recovery systems can be incorporated into the heat dissipation process, such as using waste heat to generate electricity or reusing it for other heating needs. Although this heat is relatively low in temperature, with appropriate technical processing, it is still possible to achieve a certain degree of energy reuse, further improving the energy efficiency of the system.

[0043] When hydrogen needs to be released, the temperature of the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below the phase change temperature through an active cooling system, so that the phase change material changes from liquid to solid and releases latent heat.

[0044] As mentioned above, when the system needs to release hydrogen, the solid-state hydrogen storage module must absorb a certain amount of heat to trigger the hydride decomposition reaction (for example, the decomposition of 105H2 into 105 and H2). At this time, the temperature in the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below its phase transition temperature (such as the temperature at which it transitions from liquid to solid) through an active cooling system, causing the phase change material to undergo a phase change and release the stored latent heat. This released heat is then transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module, providing it with the required heat absorption energy, thereby promoting the release of hydrogen. This method not only effectively utilizes the heat previously stored in the phase change material, but also improves the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system.

[0045] For example, suppose that in a hydrogen-powered vehicle, when the vehicle needs additional hydrogen supply during driving, the control system will detect this need and start the active cooling system. The system may use a finned radiator or a heat pump to reduce the temperature of the phase change heat storage module. For example, if the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 70°C, the active cooling system will reduce the temperature of the phase change heat storage module to below 65°C, causing the phase change material to change from liquid to solid, releasing a large amount of latent heat. This part of the heat is transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger, helping it to decompose the hydride and release hydrogen for use in the fuel cell. This not only achieves the effective release of hydrogen, but also realizes the recycling of heat.

[0046] Furthermore, different levels of cooling intensity can be designed based on actual needs. For example, during mild dehydrogenation, natural convection or light forced air cooling can be used alone; during high-intensity dehydrogenation, more robust cooling methods such as high-efficiency heat pumps or liquid cooling systems can be activated. This graded cooling strategy allows for more precise control of heat release and improves energy efficiency.

[0047] Furthermore, to better adapt to different operating conditions, multiple phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures can be introduced. For example, in addition to the primary phase-change material, materials with lower phase-change temperatures can be added to effectively release heat at lower operating temperatures. This helps expand the system's applicability, especially in environments with large temperature fluctuations.

[0048] Furthermore, advanced sensor technology and automatic control systems can be integrated to monitor the temperature changes of the phase-change thermal storage module and solid-state hydrogen storage module in real time, and dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the cooling system accordingly. For example, by installing multiple temperature sensors, the temperature at key locations can be accurately measured and the cooling intensity can be automatically adjusted based on the feedback information to ensure that the system is always in optimal working condition.

[0049] Furthermore, we can explore the use of more environmentally friendly cooling media as replacements for traditional coolants, such as bio-based coolants or other biodegradable materials. This not only reduces environmental impact but also potentially offers improved thermal conductivity or other operational advantages. Furthermore, for applications in low-temperature environments, we can research and develop new antifreeze cooling media to enhance system adaptability.

[0050] Furthermore, the waste heat generated during the cooling process can be utilized through energy recovery systems, for example, for other heating needs or power generation. Although this heat is relatively low in temperature, with appropriate technical processing, it is still possible to achieve a certain degree of energy reuse, further improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0051] The heat released by the phase change heat storage module is reversely transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a fin-type heat exchanger to provide the heat absorption energy required by the solid-state hydrogen storage module to release hydrogen.

[0052] As mentioned above, when hydrogen needs to be released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module, the module must absorb a certain amount of heat to trigger the hydrogen release reaction. In order to provide this part of the required heat absorption energy, the phase change heat storage module plays a key role in this process. The heat released by the phase change heat storage module during the cooling process is transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a fin-type heat exchanger. Specifically, when the active cooling system causes the phase change material to change from liquid to solid and release latent heat, this heat is redirected to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through an efficient heat transfer device (such as a heat pipe or a fin-type heat exchanger), thereby providing the necessary heat support for the release of hydrogen.

[0053] For example, suppose in a hydrogen-based home energy storage system, when the user needs to use hydrogen to generate electricity, the system will start the hydrogen release process. At this time, the phase change material (such as paraffin) in the phase change heat storage module begins to solidify when the temperature drops below its phase change point, releasing the previously stored heat. This heat is guided back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module (such as a container containing a magnesium-based alloy) through a high-efficiency heat pipe or finned heat exchanger. With the input of heat, the alloy material (such as 105H2) in the solid-state hydrogen storage module absorbs enough heat and undergoes a decomposition reaction to produce magnesium and hydrogen, thereby releasing hydrogen for subsequent use, such as supplying fuel cells for power generation.

[0054] Further optimization of the heat pipe design allows it to efficiently transfer heat not only in forward mode but also in reverse mode. This involves improving the working medium within the heat pipe and adjusting the heat pipe structure to suit different operating conditions. This highly efficient bidirectional heat transfer mechanism can significantly improve the system's response speed and energy utilization.

[0055] Furthermore, a multi-stage heat exchange network can be constructed, allowing heat to be flexibly allocated based on actual needs. For example, in some cases, only a portion of the heat may be needed for hydrogen release, while in other cases, the entire heat is required. By designing multiple heat exchange paths, heat flow can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data, ensuring optimal resource utilization.

[0056] Furthermore, advanced sensor technology and automatic control systems can be combined to achieve precise control of temperature changes and energy flow throughout the system. For example, by installing multiple temperature sensors and flow meters, the status of each key node can be monitored in real time. Based on this feedback, the operating status of heat pipes or finned heat exchangers can be automatically adjusted to ensure that the system is always in optimal operating condition.

[0057] Furthermore, specialized heat exchange solutions can be developed for specific environmental conditions in different application scenarios (such as polar cold or desert heat). For example, in extremely low-temperature environments, antifreeze heat pipe materials and designs can be used to ensure normal operation even below -40°C. In high-temperature environments, it may be necessary to increase the heat dissipation area or increase the fan speed to cope with the higher heat load.

[0058] Furthermore, energy recovery mechanisms can be incorporated into the heat transfer process, such as using waste heat for preheating or other auxiliary functions. Although this heat is relatively low in temperature, with appropriate technical processing, it is still possible to achieve a certain degree of energy reuse, further improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0059] The solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature are monitored in real time through temperature sensors, and the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module and the cooling strategy are dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring data.

[0060] As mentioned above, in order to ensure the efficient operation and safety of the system, temperature sensors are used to monitor the solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature in real time. Based on the data collected by these sensors, the system can dynamically adjust the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module, and the cooling strategy. For example, when it is detected that the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage module is too high, the system will automatically start the heat pipe to transfer the excess heat to the phase change heat storage module for storage; conversely, when hydrogen needs to be released, the system will reverse the operation and transfer the heat in the phase change heat storage module back to the solid-state heat storage module through the heat pipe. In addition, when the phase change heat storage module reaches its maximum heat storage capacity, the system will activate the heat dissipation module (such as natural convection, forced air cooling or liquid cooling assistance) to avoid overheating.

[0061] For example, in the application scenario of a hydrogen power station, assuming that it is currently in the high-load hydrogen charging stage, the solid-state hydrogen storage module generates a large amount of heat due to the hydrogen absorption reaction. After the temperature sensor detects this change, the system first attempts to transfer the heat to the phase change heat storage module through a heat pipe for storage. If the phase change heat storage module is also close to its capacity limit, the heat dissipation module is started, such as using a natural convection radiator first. If the effect is not ideal, forced air cooling or liquid cooling is further enabled to assist in heat dissipation to ensure that the system is not damaged by overheating. In the hydrogen release stage, when hydrogen needs to be released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module, the system transfers the heat in the phase change heat storage module back through the heat pipe in a timely manner according to the information fed back by the temperature sensor, helping to decompose the hydride and release hydrogen. Throughout the process, all operations are automatically adjusted based on real-time monitoring data to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system.

[0062] Furthermore, machine learning algorithms can be introduced to predict future temperature trends based on historical data and make corresponding adjustments in advance. For example, if a large demand for hydrogen is predicted in the next few hours, the system can start preparing in advance and increase the heat reserve of the phase change thermal storage module to respond quickly when the actual demand arrives.

[0063] Furthermore, in addition to existing single-point temperature sensors, a distributed temperature monitoring network can be established to cover more critical areas and provide more accurate data support. This helps to more accurately understand the actual conditions of each part of the system, thereby making more precise control decisions.

[0064] Furthermore, an adaptive cooling mechanism could be developed that automatically adjusts cooling intensity based on real-time temperature changes. For example, in the case of a slight temperature increase, only natural convection cooling would be used, while in the case of a rapid temperature increase, forced air cooling or liquid cooling would be immediately switched to achieve the fastest cooling speed.

[0065] Furthermore, energy management systems can be integrated to not only focus on heat transfer but also consider how to maximize the use of energy within the system. For example, in some cases, waste heat can be recovered for other uses (such as heating office areas), maximizing energy utilization while reducing the need for external energy sources.

[0066] Furthermore, specialized temperature monitoring and control systems can be designed for applications in different extreme environmental conditions. For example, in extremely cold regions, specially designed antifreeze temperature sensors and cooling devices can ensure normal operation even at temperatures below -40°C. In high-temperature environments, it may be necessary to increase the heat dissipation area or increase the fan speed to cope with the higher heat load.

[0067] According to one embodiment of the present application, the overload heat dissipation of the heat dissipation module includes the following steps: When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches 90°C, the finned heat sink is activated to utilize the polar low temperature environment for natural convection heat dissipation; If natural convection heat dissipation is insufficient, the antifreeze fan is started for forced air cooling, and the antifreeze fan is provided with a low-temperature antifreeze coating; If forced air cooling still cannot meet the needs, ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as antifreeze for liquid cooling circulation heat dissipation.

[0068] As mentioned above, when the temperature of the phase-change thermal storage module reaches 90°C, the finned heat sink is activated first. This heat sink increases the heat dissipation area and improves contact with the surrounding air, thereby utilizing the cold air in the polar environment for natural convection heat dissipation. This method requires no additional energy and is suitable for initial, moderate heat dissipation needs.

[0069] If natural convection alone is insufficient to reduce the temperature to a safe level, further measures are required. In this case, the system automatically activates the antifreeze fan, which accelerates air flow through forced air cooling to enhance heat dissipation. The specially designed antifreeze fan is coated with a low-temperature antifreeze coating, ensuring operation without freezing even in extremely low temperatures. This coating effectively prevents ice from forming on the fan blades and motor, ensuring system reliability.

[0070] If the above two methods still cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements, that is, when the temperature continues to rise and exceeds the set safety threshold, the system will activate the last emergency cooling solution - liquid cooling cycle heat dissipation. In this process, ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as antifreeze, which circulates in the cooling circuit to absorb and carry away excess heat. Ethylene glycol has a low freezing point and will not freeze even at extremely low temperatures, so it is very suitable for cooling systems in cold areas. The antifreeze is driven by a pump to circulate in the system, absorb heat from the phase change heat storage module, and then dissipate the heat through an external heat sink, thereby achieving effective overload heat dissipation.

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present application, the active cooling system during the hydrogen discharge phase includes the following steps: Lowering the temperature of the phase change heat storage module to below the phase change point through a finned heat sink or a heat pump to trigger the phase change material to change from liquid to solid; The cooling strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than -40°C, finned heat sinks are used for natural heat dissipation.

[0072] As mentioned above, when the system detects the need to release hydrogen, the active cooling system is first activated. Depending on the system configuration and actual needs, a finned heat sink or heat pump can be used to reduce the temperature of the phase change thermal storage module.

[0073] Finned heat sinks effectively dissipate heat by increasing the heat dissipation area in contact with the outside air. This method is suitable for low ambient temperatures, especially in low-temperature environments such as the polar regions, where it can utilize natural cooling sources for efficient heat dissipation.

[0074] Heat pumps, on the other hand, absorb and transfer heat through a refrigerant cycle, effectively cooling the environment even when the ambient temperature is relatively high. They can precisely control the cooling effect based on the set target temperature.

[0075] The system's built-in temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature in real time and automatically selects the most appropriate cooling method based on this data.

[0076] If the ambient temperature is below -40°C, the system will prioritize natural heat dissipation using finned heat sinks. This is because natural convection heat dissipation is highly efficient in such extreme low-temperature environments, making full use of the surrounding cold air to quickly remove heat from the phase change thermal storage module.

[0077] When the ambient temperature is high or not suitable for natural heat dissipation (for example, close to 0°C or higher), the system may switch to heat pump mode to ensure that the phase change thermal storage module can be cooled to the target temperature quickly and stably.

[0078] Once the temperature of the phase change thermal storage module is lowered below its phase change point (for example, for some paraffin-based phase change materials, the phase change point may be between 60°C and 80°C), the phase change material begins to solidify and transform from liquid to solid. In this process, the phase change material releases a large amount of latent heat.

[0079] The released heat is then transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through heat pipes or finned heat exchangers, providing it with the required heat absorption energy, promoting the hydride decomposition reaction, and thus achieving the release of hydrogen.

[0080] According to one embodiment of the present application, a controllable heat release strategy is also included, specifically: Use multi-stage phase change materials to release heat in stages to match the heat absorption requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage module; During the hydrogen release stage, the heat from the phase change heat storage module is transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the bidirectional heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe.

[0081] As mentioned above, when designing the system, multiple phase change materials with different phase transition temperatures are selected (for example, materials that undergo phase transitions at 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C, respectively). These materials are arranged in a phase change thermal storage module to form a multi-level structure.

[0082] Each phase change material absorbs or releases heat within different temperature ranges depending on its specific phase change temperature. This allows the stored heat to be released gradually based on the actual heat absorption requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0083] When the system needs to release hydrogen, it first uses a material with a low phase transition temperature (such as 60°C) for preliminary heating. This heat is enough to start the initial hydrogen release reaction, but not enough to fully meet the needs of the entire process.

[0084] As the hydrogen desorption process continues, the system sequentially activates materials with higher phase transition temperatures (such as 70°C and 80°C) to provide additional heat support. This graded heat release ensures a continuous and stable heat supply, avoiding energy waste or insufficient energy caused by releasing too much heat at once.

[0085] A heat pipe is a highly efficient heat transfer device that rapidly conducts heat between two ends. It's typically filled with a working medium (such as ammonia or water). When one end is heated, the medium evaporates and flows to the other end, where it cools and condenses, releasing heat. The liquid then returns to the heated end through capillary action, completing the cycle.

[0086] In this system, the heat pipe connects the phase change heat storage module and the solid-state hydrogen storage module. It can transfer heat from the solid-state hydrogen storage module to the phase change heat storage module during the hydrogen charging stage, and can also reverse the operation during the hydrogen degassing stage to transfer heat from the phase change heat storage module back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0087] During the dehydrogenation phase, when the system detects that the solid-state hydrogen storage module needs heat to trigger the hydride decomposition reaction, the heat pipe begins to work in reverse. At this time, the phase change material in the phase change heat storage module is solidifying and releasing latent heat, which is quickly transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the heat pipe.

[0088] This bidirectional heat transfer mechanism not only improves the efficiency of heat transfer, but also enables the system to respond more flexibly to different operating conditions. For example, in low ambient temperatures, natural heat dissipation can be prioritized; when rapid hydrogen release is required, heat pipes can be used to efficiently transfer heat from the phase change thermal storage module to the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present application, it further includes: The temperature sensor monitors the solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature in real time; The coordination module automatically switches the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe according to the monitoring data and controls the start and stop of the heat dissipation module; The insulation module uses a vacuum insulation layer to reduce heat loss and maintain the thermal stability of the system.

[0090] As mentioned above, multiple temperature sensors are installed in the solid-state hydrogen storage module, the phase change heat storage module, and the external environment of the system. These sensors can accurately measure the temperature changes at various key points.

[0091] The temperature sensor continuously collects temperature data and transmits this data to the system's control unit, which analyzes the received data to determine the next step.

[0092] Real-time monitoring of the temperature changes of the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the phase-change heat storage module can ensure timely adjustment of the thermal management strategy during the hydrogen charging or degassing process to avoid affecting system performance due to excessively high or low temperatures.

[0093] Monitoring ambient temperature helps optimize heat dissipation and insulation strategies, especially in extreme environments (such as polar low temperatures), so that cooling or heating measures can be adjusted according to external conditions.

[0094] The coordination module is the core control unit of the entire system, responsible for receiving data from temperature sensors and making decisions based on this data.

[0095] When hydrogen needs to be released from the solid-state hydrogen storage module, the coordination module detects that the solid-state hydrogen storage module is at a low temperature and needs to obtain heat from the phase change heat storage module. The coordination module automatically switches the operating mode of the heat pipe to transfer heat from the phase change heat storage module to the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0096] Conversely, during the hydrogen charging stage, when the temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage module rises, the coordination module will switch the direction of the heat pipe and transfer the excess heat to the phase change heat storage module for storage.

[0097] If the temperature of the phase change thermal storage module approaches its upper limit (e.g. 90°C), the coordination module activates the heat dissipation module to prevent overheating. The heat dissipation module may include a natural convection radiator, a forced air cooling fan, or a liquid cooling circulation system.

[0098] When the temperature drops to a safe range, the coordination module will automatically stop the cooling module to save energy and reduce unnecessary equipment wear.

[0099] The system's internal vacuum insulation wraps around the solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase-change thermal storage module, and other key components. This insulation significantly reduces heat loss by reducing heat conduction through air or other media.

[0100] During the hydrogen charging stage, the vacuum insulation layer can effectively prevent heat from dissipating from the solid-state hydrogen storage module, ensuring that more heat is absorbed by the phase change heat storage module and improving energy utilization.

[0101] During the hydrogen release stage, the vacuum insulation layer also helps to prevent the heat in the phase change thermal storage module from being taken away by the external environment, so that the heat can be smoothly transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module when needed.

[0102] By using efficient insulation measures, the system can maintain a stable temperature distribution under different operating conditions, reduce dependence on changes in the external environment, and improve the reliability and efficiency of overall operation.

[0103] This design is particularly suitable for applications in extreme climate conditions, such as hydrogen supply systems in polar regions, and can maintain good working conditions even at extremely low temperatures.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present application, the heat released in the hydrogen storage stage is 70 kJ / 10ol, and the heat pipe technology uses ammonia or water as the working fluid.

[0105] As mentioned above, during the hydrogen storage phase, the hydrogen storage material (such as magnesium-based alloy or rare earth alloy) in the solid-state hydrogen storage module chemically reacts with hydrogen to form metal hydrides. For example, magnesium-based alloy (105) absorbs hydrogen (H2) to form magnesium hydride (105H2), which releases a large amount of heat.

[0106] According to experimental data and theoretical calculations, the heat released by this hydrogen absorption reaction is approximately 70 kJ / 10mol per mole of hydrogen. This means that during the hydrogen charging process, for every mole of hydrogen absorbed, the system generates 70 kJ of energy and dissipates it as heat.

[0107] If this released heat is not removed in time, it may cause the solid-state hydrogen storage module to overheat, thereby affecting its performance and lifespan. Therefore, an effective heat management system must be designed to quickly remove this heat and store it for subsequent use.

[0108] By precisely controlling the generation and removal of heat, the system can maintain a stable working state during the hydrogen charging process, improving overall efficiency and safety.

[0109] A heat pipe is a highly efficient heat transfer device filled with a working medium (refrigerant). When one end of the heat pipe is heated, the working medium evaporates and flows to the other end, where it cools and condenses, releasing heat. The liquid then returns to the heated end through capillary action, completing the cycle.

[0110] Heat pipes have high thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer heat between the two ends, making them suitable for applications that require efficient heat dissipation.

[0111] Ammonia is a commonly used refrigerant with a high latent heat value and good thermal stability. It maintains efficient heat transfer even in low-temperature environments, making it particularly suitable for applications in cold regions such as the polar regions. Furthermore, ammonia has a low boiling point (approximately -33°C), enabling it to operate over a wide temperature range.

[0112] Water is also a common heat pipe fluid, particularly suitable for applications in the medium temperature range. Water has a high specific heat capacity, allowing it to store a large amount of heat in a relatively small volume. However, water has a high freezing point (0°C), so antifreeze measures are required when using it in extremely low temperatures.

[0113] In this system, heat pipes are used to connect the solid-state hydrogen storage module and the phase-change thermal storage module. When the solid-state hydrogen storage module releases heat during the hydrogen charging process, the working fluid (ammonia or water) in the heat pipe absorbs this heat and transfers it to the phase-change thermal storage module for storage.

[0114] During the hydrogen release phase, the heat pipe works in reverse, transferring the heat stored in the phase change thermal storage module back to the solid hydrogen storage module, helping it decompose the hydride and release hydrogen. In this way, effective heat management and recycling are achieved.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present application, the phase change material of the phase change heat storage module is selected from paraffin, composite phase change material or salt hydrate, the phase change temperature range is 60°C~80°C, and the phase change latent heat of the phase change material is greater than 200 kJ / k5.

[0116] As mentioned above, the phase change materials used in the phase change thermal storage module of this system can be paraffin, composite phase change materials, or salt hydrates. These materials each have their own characteristics and applicable scenarios, but they all share the ability to undergo phase changes (for example, from solid to liquid) within a specific temperature range, thereby absorbing or releasing large amounts of latent heat.

[0117] Paraffin wax is a common organic phase change material with high latent heat of phase change and good chemical stability. It is typically used for heat storage applications in the medium to low temperature range, such as between 60°C and 80°C.

[0118] Composite phase change materials can optimize the performance of phase change materials by mixing or compounding multiple materials, such as improving thermal conductivity or adjusting the phase change temperature range. Such materials can be customized according to specific needs to meet different application conditions.

[0119] Salt hydrates, such as sodium sulfate decahydrate (N22SO4·10H2O), can store large amounts of heat during phase change and have high latent heat of phase change. They are suitable for applications requiring higher temperatures.

[0120] The phase change temperature range of 60°C to 80°C was chosen because it is suitable for many practical applications. For example, in hydrogen energy systems, the heat released by solid-state hydrogen storage materials during hydrogen absorption is typically within this temperature range, so phase change materials in this temperature range can effectively absorb and store this heat.

[0121] This temperature range also facilitates the cooling and heating operations of the system, neither being too high to cause material decomposition or equipment damage, nor too low to affect the effective use of heat.

[0122] The system is equipped with temperature sensors and a coordination module that monitors and adjusts the operating status of the phase-change thermal storage module in real time. When the temperature approaches the set phase-change temperature, the system automatically takes action to ensure a smooth phase-change process and maintain the overall thermal stability of the system.

[0123] Latent heat of phase change refers to the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change. Choosing a material with a latent heat of phase change greater than 200 kJ / k5 means that each kilogram of the material can store or release more than 200 kilojoules of energy during the phase change.

[0124] The high latent heat of phase change allows a small amount of material to store a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the total amount of phase change material required in the system, lowering cost and volume requirements.

[0125] High latent heat materials can achieve significant energy storage and release at small temperature differences, improving the energy density and efficiency of the system. For example, during the hydrogen release phase, when heat is needed to trigger the hydride decomposition reaction, phase change materials can release a large amount of heat in a short period of time, ensuring the system's rapid response capability.

[0126] This efficient energy storage and release mechanism not only improves the overall performance of the system, but also enhances its adaptability and reliability, especially when facing different load demands.

[0127] like Figure 2 As shown, the second embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management device, including: A solid-state heat storage module (2) for storing thermal energy; A phase change heat storage module (3) is arranged in parallel with the solid-state heat storage module (2) and stores heat energy through a phase change process; A controller (6) electrically connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2), the phase change heat storage module (3) and the circulation motor (10), and used to control the circulation and switching state of the thermal fluid; a radiator (9) thermally connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2) and the phase-change heat storage module (3) for dissipating heat; A circulation motor (10), disposed in the conduit (8) and connected to the radiator (9), for driving the thermal fluid to circulate in the system; A conduit (8), one end of which is connected to the radiator (9), and the other end of which is respectively connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2) and the phase change heat storage module (3), for heat exchange of the thermal fluid; An external package (4) encapsulates the solid-state heat storage module (2), the phase change heat storage module (3), the controller (6), the radiator (9), the circulation motor (10) and the conduit (8) to form a closed space; An internally packaged thermal fluid (5) is filled inside the external package (4) and circulates between the solid-state thermal storage module (2), the phase-change thermal storage module (3), and the radiator (9) through a conduit (8), wherein the thermal fluid is an ethylene glycol solution.

[0128] A third aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect described above.

[0129] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any embodiment of the third aspect when executing the program.

[0130] Figure 3 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820, and the memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the method in any embodiment of the first aspect above, the method including: Absorbing hydrogen through a solid-state hydrogen storage module, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage module comprises a magnesium-based alloy or a rare earth alloy material, and an exothermic reaction occurs during the hydrogen absorption process; The heat generated by the exothermic reaction is transferred to the phase change heat storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage module contains paraffin or a composite phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 60°C to 80°C. When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches a preset upper limit, the heat dissipation module is activated for overload heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation module includes natural convection heat dissipation, forced air cooling or liquid cooling auxiliary heat dissipation; When hydrogen needs to be released, the temperature of the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below the phase change temperature through an active cooling system, so that the phase change material changes from liquid to solid and releases latent heat; The heat released by the phase change heat storage module is reversely transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger to provide the heat absorption energy required by the solid-state hydrogen storage module to release hydrogen; The solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature are monitored in real time through temperature sensors, and the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module and the cooling strategy are dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring data.

[0131] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 830 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product, stored in a storage medium, includes instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0132] Anything not described in this application can be achieved by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0133] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0134] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solid-state hydrogen storage heat management method based on phase change heat storage, characterized in that: The method comprises: Absorbing hydrogen through a solid-state hydrogen storage module, wherein the solid-state hydrogen storage module comprises a magnesium-based alloy or a rare earth alloy material, and an exothermic reaction occurs during the hydrogen absorption process; The heat generated by the exothermic reaction is transferred to the phase change heat storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger. The phase change heat storage module contains paraffin or a composite phase change material. The phase change temperature range of the phase change material is 60°C to 80°C. When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches a preset upper limit, the heat dissipation module is activated for overload heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation module includes natural convection heat dissipation, forced air cooling or liquid cooling auxiliary heat dissipation; When hydrogen needs to be released, the temperature of the phase change heat storage module is lowered to below the phase change temperature through an active cooling system, so that the phase change material changes from liquid to solid and releases latent heat; The heat released by the phase change heat storage module is reversely transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a heat pipe or a finned heat exchanger to provide the heat absorption energy required by the solid-state hydrogen storage module to release hydrogen; The solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature are monitored in real time through temperature sensors, and the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe, the start and stop of the heat dissipation module and the cooling strategy are dynamically adjusted according to the monitoring data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The overload heat dissipation of the heat dissipation module includes the following steps: When the temperature of the phase change heat storage module reaches 90°C, the finned heat sink is activated to utilize the polar low temperature environment for natural convection heat dissipation; If natural convection heat dissipation is insufficient, the antifreeze fan is started for forced air cooling, and the antifreeze fan is provided with a low-temperature antifreeze coating; If forced air cooling still cannot meet the needs, ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as antifreeze for liquid cooling circulation heat dissipation.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Active cooling system during hydrogen degassing phase The following steps are involved: Lowering the temperature of the phase change heat storage module to below the phase change point through a finned heat sink or a heat pump to trigger the phase change material to change from liquid to solid; The cooling strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature is lower than -40°C, finned heat sinks are used for natural heat dissipation.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Also included are controllable heat release strategies, specifically: Use multi-stage phase change materials to release heat in stages to match the heat absorption requirements of the solid-state hydrogen storage module; During the hydrogen release stage, the heat from the phase change heat storage module is transferred back to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the bidirectional heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Also includes: The temperature sensor monitors the solid-state hydrogen storage module, phase change heat storage module and ambient temperature in real time; The coordination module automatically switches the heat transfer direction of the heat pipe according to the monitoring data and controls the start and stop of the heat dissipation module; The insulation module uses a vacuum insulation layer to reduce heat loss and maintain the thermal stability of the system.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat released in the hydrogen storage stage is 70 kJ / 10ol, and the heat pipe technology uses ammonia or water as the working fluid.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase change material of the phase change heat storage module is selected from paraffin, composite phase change material or salt hydrate, the phase change temperature range is 60°C to 80°C, and the phase change latent heat of the phase change material is greater than 200 kJ / k5.

8. A thermal management device, characterized in that: include: A solid-state heat storage module (2) for storing thermal energy; A phase change heat storage module (3) is arranged in parallel with the solid-state heat storage module (2) and stores heat energy through a phase change process; A controller (6) electrically connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2), the phase change heat storage module (3) and the circulation motor (10), and used to control the circulation and switching state of the thermal fluid; a radiator (9) thermally connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2) and the phase-change heat storage module (3) for dissipating heat; a circulation motor (10), disposed in the conduit (8) and connected to the radiator (9), for driving the thermal fluid to circulate in the system; A conduit (8), one end of which is connected to the radiator (9), and the other end of which is respectively connected to the solid-state heat storage module (2) and the phase change heat storage module (3), for heat exchange of the thermal fluid; An external package (4) encapsulates the solid-state heat storage module (2), the phase change heat storage module (3), the controller (6), the radiator (9), the circulation motor (10) and the conduit (8) to form a closed space; An internally packaged thermal fluid (5) is filled inside the external package (4) and circulates between the solid-state thermal storage module (2), the phase-change thermal storage module (3), and the radiator (9) through a conduit (8), wherein the thermal fluid is an ethylene glycol solution.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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