Antenna module and network equipment

Abstract

According to the antenna module and the network equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the intensity of the antenna module is suddenly reduced in all directions around a main lobe, and interference between adjacent network equipment is inhibited. The antenna module comprises N first oscillators, a first feed network, a reflecting plate and a first substrate, N is any integer larger than 1, the first substrate and the reflecting plate are sequentially arranged in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the N first oscillators and the first feed network are fixed by the first substrate, and the N first oscillators and the first feed network are fixed by the first substrate. The first feed network is connected with each first oscillator, and the N first oscillators are sequentially arranged on the surface of the first substrate end to end. And under the condition that the first feed network feeds power to the N first oscillators, the flow directions of currents flowing through different first oscillators are the same.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna module and a network device. Background Art

[0002] Wireless access points (APs) can use omnidirectional antennas to provide wide signal coverage, thereby meeting communication capacity requirements. However, when the distance between two APs operating on the same or adjacent frequencies is small, the signals interfere with each other, resulting in reduced communication quality.

[0003] The prior art provides an array antenna. The beam formed by the array antenna has a sharp and concentrated main lobe, and the beam gain decreases rapidly in other directions around the main lobe. Thus, a steep omnidirectional gain drop is achieved around the main lobe. The omnidirectional gain drop means that when the array antenna transmits or receives electromagnetic waves in other directions around the main lobe, the gain of its beam in all directions can drop rapidly. This feature enables the array antenna to more effectively transmit energy in a directionally directed manner to a specific target area (i.e., the area covered by the main lobe) while reducing interference to non-target areas (i.e., areas outside the coverage range of the main lobe).

[0004] The array antenna includes multiple antenna units. By adjusting the amplitude and phase of each antenna unit, the array antenna beam can achieve the characteristic of steep gain drop in all directions. However, the array design increases the complexity of achieving the steep gain drop in all directions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna module and a network device, which achieve a steep drop in gain in all directions around the main lobe of the antenna module, thereby suppressing interference between adjacent network devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module comprising N first dipoles, a first feeding network, a reflector, and a first substrate, wherein N is an arbitrary integer greater than 1. The first substrate and the reflector are arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate. The first substrate fixes the N first dipoles and the first feeding network, and the first feeding network is connected to each of the first dipoles. The N first dipoles are arranged end to end on the surface of the first substrate, and the N first dipoles arranged end to end can form a regular shape. The N first dipoles being arranged end to end means that the N first dipoles are arranged in a certain order, with the head of each first dipole facing the tail of the previous first dipole and with a certain gap. The regular shape can be a shape with clear, distinct, and identifiable geometric features, such as a circle, an ellipse, or an arbitrary polygon. When the first feeding network feeds the N first dipoles, the current flowing through the N first dipoles circulates in the same direction. Specifically, the current flowing through different first dipoles has the same direction. For example, the currents flowing through different first vibrators all flow in a clockwise direction, or all flow in a counterclockwise direction.

[0007] According to the present invention, when the current flowing through the N first oscillators is a unidirectional circulating current and under the mirror effect of the reflector, the beam of the antenna module is a conical beam. The conical beam has a main lobe coverage range and a side lobe coverage range. Gain concentration and balance are achieved within the main lobe coverage range. Gain is omnidirectionally steeply reduced within the side lobe coverage range. Since the gain is omnidirectionally steeply reduced within the side lobe coverage range, the signal gain of the antenna module within the side lobe coverage range is reduced to a minimum, thereby effectively suppressing interference with other antenna modules. Even if the two antenna modules operate at the same frequency or adjacent frequency and are close to each other, since the two antenna modules can achieve omnidirectional steep gain reduction within the side lobe coverage range, the isolation between the two antenna modules is improved, the interference between the two antenna modules is effectively suppressed, the concurrent throughput performance of multiple antenna modules is improved, and it helps to improve the communication quality. Since the antenna module shown in the aspect can achieve a steep drop in gain in all directions within the sidelobe coverage range, interference suppression can be achieved regardless of the placement positions of multiple antenna modules. For example, multiple antenna modules are arranged in a straight line or curve, or multiple antenna modules are arranged in a honeycomb network.

[0008] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, each first dipole includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, N first radiating arms are located on the first surface of the first substrate, and N second radiating arms are located on the second surface of the first substrate. The first surface, the second surface, and the reflector are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate. The N first radiating arms are arranged end to end to form a regular shape, and the N second radiating arms are arranged end to end to form a regular shape. This implementation effectively ensures that when the first feeding network feeds the N first dipoles, the current flowing through the N first dipoles is a co-directional circulating current, thereby ensuring that the beam of the antenna module is a conical beam.

[0009] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, at least one of the first oscillators has a circumscribed circle, and among the first oscillators used to form the circumscribed circle, there is a first spacing between the phase center of at least one of the first oscillators and the center of the circumscribed circle, and the first spacing is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength of the antenna module, and the first specified multiple is any value within the range of 0.4 to 0.75. The circumscribed circle is connected to each of the N first oscillators. For example, the circumscribed circle is connected to some of the N first oscillators. In this implementation, when there is a first spacing between the phase center of the first oscillator used to form the circumscribed circle and the center of the circumscribed circle, and the first spacing is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength of the antenna module, a sharp drop in gain is effectively achieved within the sidelobe coverage range. Moreover, when the first spacing is within the range of 0.4 to 0.75 and has different values, the antenna module can have different sizes, thereby increasing the flexibility of antenna module size selection.

[0010] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the first spacing is 0.6 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module. This implementation achieves the best gain drop effect within the sidelobe coverage of the antenna module, thereby maximizing interference suppression.

[0011] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the regular shape is a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon, each of the first radiating arms is a square, a rectangle, or an arc, and each of the second radiating arms is a square, a rectangle, or an arc. This implementation effectively ensures that, when the first feeding network feeds the N first dipoles, the current flowing through the N first dipoles is a co-directional circulation current, thereby ensuring that the antenna module's beam is a tapered beam.

[0012] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the first feeding network includes N first microstrip lines, a power divider, N second microstrip lines, and a grounding module, wherein the first end of the first microstrip line is connected to the first radiating arm, the second end of the first microstrip line is connected to the power divider, the first end of the second microstrip line is connected to the second radiating arm, and the second end of the second microstrip line is connected to the grounding module. This implementation ensures that the first feeding network can successfully feed the N first dipoles, so that the current flowing through the N first dipoles flows in the same direction.

[0013] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, a target radiating arm is connected to a target microstrip line, and an absolute value of an angle between the target radiating arm and the target microstrip line is greater than 80 degrees and less than 100 degrees. The target radiating arm is one of the N first radiating arms and the N second radiating arms, and the target microstrip line is one of the N first microstrip lines and the N second microstrip lines. With this implementation, the absolute value of the angle between the target radiating arm and the target microstrip line is greater than 80 degrees and less than 100 degrees, enabling the antenna module to achieve horizontal polarization.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the target radiating arm is perpendicular to the target microstrip line. With this implementation, when the target radiating arm is perpendicular to the target microstrip line, the antenna module can achieve horizontal polarization.

[0015] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, each of the first oscillators has a first orthographic projection on the first substrate, the reflector has a second orthographic projection on the first substrate, and the first orthographic projection is located within the second orthographic projection. With this implementation, when each first orthographic projection is within the coverage area of ​​the second orthographic projection, the reflector can mirror-reflect a portion of the antenna module's beam, thereby forming a conical beam.

[0016] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, there is a target distance between the first substrate and the reflector, and the target distance is a specified multiple of the distance of the operating wavelength of the antenna module, and the specified multiple is any value between 0.07 and 0.5. Using this implementation, when the target distance is a specified multiple of the distance of the operating wavelength of the antenna module, the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module within the main lobe coverage range is greater than the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated within the side lobe range, thereby improving the signal strength within the main lobe coverage range. Moreover, because the gain drop-off effect within the side lobe coverage range is omnidirectional, the side lobe interference suppression capability is improved. When the target distance h is a specified multiple of the distance of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna module, different values ​​of the target distance h can enable the antenna module to have different gain drop-off effects within the side lobe coverage range. Therefore, the size of the target distance h can be set accordingly according to the different requirements of the antenna module for the gain drop-off effect within the side lobe coverage range.

[0017] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the antenna module further includes a second substrate, a second feeding network, and M second vibrators, where M is any integer greater than 1. Along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the second substrate, the first substrate, and the reflector are arranged in sequence, or the first substrate, the second substrate, and the reflector are arranged in sequence. The second substrate fixes the M second vibrators and the second feeding network, and the second feeding network is connected to each second vibrator. The M second vibrators are arranged end to end on the surface of the second substrate to form a regular shape. When the second feeding network feeds the M second vibrators, the current flowing through the M second vibrators is a unidirectional circulating current. Using this implementation, in the antenna module, the beam shape of the N first vibrators is different from the beam shape of the M second vibrators. Therefore, if only the N first vibrators are fed, only the M second vibrators are fed, or the N first vibrators and the M second vibrators are fed separately, the antenna module will have different beam shapes. Then, according to the different application scenarios of the antenna module, the corresponding vibrators can be fed to match different application scenarios and the requirements for different beam shapes.

[0018] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, at least one of the first vibrators has a first circumscribed circle, and among the first vibrators forming the first circumscribed circle, a first spacing exists between the phase center of at least one of the first vibrators and the center of the first circumscribed circle; at least one of the second vibrators has a second circumscribed circle, and among the second vibrators forming the second circumscribed circle, a second spacing exists between the phase center of at least one of the second vibrators and the center of the second circumscribed circle; the first spacing is not equal to the second spacing. In this implementation, the first spacing is not equal to the second spacing, so that the beam shape of the N first vibrators is different from the beam shape of the M second vibrators.

[0019] Based on the first aspect, in an optional implementation, the first spacing is any value within the range of 0.4 times to 0.75 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module, and the second spacing is any value outside the range of 0.4 times to 0.75 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module. Using this implementation, different vibrators can be fed according to different working scenarios of the antenna module. For example, if two adjacent antenna modules are relatively close, only the N first vibrators are fed, thereby suppressing interference with other antenna modules. For another example, if the two antenna modules are relatively far apart and there is no interference between the same frequency or adjacent frequencies, only the M second vibrators can be powered to improve the coverage range of the antenna module gain.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a network device, comprising a baseband module, a radio frequency module, and the antenna module described in any one of the first aspects above, the radio frequency module comprising a transmitter and / or a receiver, and the antenna module comprising a transmitting antenna and / or a receiving antenna; the baseband module is used to send a first digital signal to the transmitter, the radio frequency module is used to convert the first digital signal into a first radio frequency signal, the transmitting antenna is used to convert the first radio frequency signal into a first electromagnetic wave and radiate it out; and / or, the receiving antenna is used to receive a second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into a second radio frequency signal, the receiver is used to convert the second radio frequency signal into a second digital signal, and send the second digital signal to the baseband module.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes multiple network devices. For the description of the network device structure, please refer to the second aspect and will not be elaborated on in detail.

[0022] In the fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes multiple network devices and multiple terminals connected to each network device. For the description of the network device structure, please refer to the second aspect and the details will not be repeated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is an example diagram of a communication system;

[0024] Figure 2 This is an example diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the network device provided by this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the antenna module provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The antenna module shown includes exemplary diagrams of different numbers of first dipoles;

[0027] Figure 5 Various example diagrams of regular shapes formed by arranging N first vibrators provided in this application end to end;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A side view of the antenna module is shown;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 3 An example diagram of a partial structure of the antenna module shown;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The top view of the structure example shown;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 3 An example diagram of the structure viewed from above is shown;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The connection example diagram shown;

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The connection example diagram shown;

[0034] Figure 12 for Figure 3 The feeding example diagram of the antenna module shown;

[0035] Figure 13a for Figure 3 The antenna module shown does not include an antenna radiation example diagram of the reflector;

[0036] Figure 13b for Figure 13a The three-dimensional example diagram of antenna radiation is shown;

[0037] Figure 14a for Figure 3 The antenna module shown includes an example diagram of antenna radiation of a reflector;

[0038] Figure 14b for Figure 14a The three-dimensional example diagram of antenna radiation is shown;

[0039] Figure 14c This is an example diagram of the N first vibrator circumscribed circles provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 15a for Figure 3 An example diagram of antenna radiation corresponding to when the first spacing of the antenna modules shown is not the first specified multiple of the operating wavelength of the antenna modules;

[0041] Figure 15b for Figure 3 When the first spacing between the antenna modules is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength of the antenna modules, an example diagram of corresponding antenna radiation is shown;

[0042] Figure 16a for Figure 3 An example diagram of antenna radiation of the antenna module shown at different first spacings;

[0043] Figure 16b for Figure 3 Another example diagram of antenna radiation of the antenna module shown at different first spacings;

[0044] Figure 17 for Figure 3 The three-dimensional example diagram of antenna radiation of the antenna module shown is when the first spacing d is 1.2λ;

[0045] Figure 18 for Figure 3 The antenna module shown is an example of antenna radiation at different target distances;

[0046] Figure 19 This is a top view of an example structure of an embodiment of the antenna module provided in this application;

[0047] Figure 20 for Figure 19 The antenna module shown in the figure shows an example of antenna radiation in a horizontal section.

[0048] Figure 21 for Figure 19 An example diagram of three-dimensional antenna radiation of the antenna module shown;

[0049] Figure 22 This is a top view of another embodiment of the antenna module provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 23 for Figure 22 The side view structure example diagram of the antenna module shown is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] Combine Figure 1 The figure illustrates a communication system used in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 This is an example diagram of a communication system. This example includes multiple APs and multiple terminals. For example, the multiple APs include AP101 and AP111, and the multiple terminals include multiple terminals 102 connected to AP101, and multiple terminals 112 connected to AP111. This example takes each AP as a ceiling-mounted AP. For example, AP101 and AP111 are installed on the ceiling to serve as wireless access points. This example does not limit the type of AP. This example does not limit the type of communication system. For example, the communication system includes an access point controller (AC) connected to multiple APs. For another example, if the communication system type is fiber to the room (FTTR), then each AP acts as a slave gateway and can be connected to each terminal via wireless fidelity (WiFi). For another example, if the communication system type is a power line communication network (PLC), each AP acts as a PLC gateway in the PLC and is connected to each terminal. For another example, if the communication system type is a wireless mesh network (Mesh). The connection between the AP and each terminal is not limited to WiFi, and can also be connected through near field communication (NFC), infrared, Bluetooth or ZigBee, etc., without specific limitation.

[0052] An AP provides wireless access services to multiple connected terminals. For example, AP A101 provides wireless access to multiple terminals 102 within a first coverage area. Specifically, in this example, AP A101 is a ceiling-mounted AP. AP A101 provides strong electromagnetic wave coverage within the first coverage area. This first coverage area includes the angle between the direction of AP A1's electromagnetic wave radiation (or reception) and the target axis, which is between 0 and 60 degrees. This first coverage area also includes the angle between AP A1's electromagnetic wave radiation (or reception) and the target axis, which is between 300 and 360 degrees. Since AP A101 is ceiling-mounted, the target axis is perpendicular to the ceiling. For another example, the electromagnetic waves radiated (or received) by AP A1 have the strongest gain in the direction of the target axis and are relatively weak in other directions. For another example, AP A111 provides wireless access to multiple terminals 112 within a second coverage area. For a description of AP A111's second coverage area, refer to the description of AP A101's first coverage area; details are omitted here. In a high-density deployment scenario, APs are generally installed at a height of 3-5 meters (m), and the coverage area radius can reach 5-8m. In this scenario, the number of users per unit area is usually large. Therefore, in order to ensure communication capacity, a large-angle omnidirectional antenna can be used in the AP for signal coverage. However, due to the limited number of channels, the distance between APs operating at the same frequency or adjacent frequencies is usually small. In this case, there will be signal interference between APs operating at the same frequency or adjacent frequencies. For example, adjacent AP101 and AP111 operate at the same frequency or adjacent frequencies, so that there will be signal interference between AP101 and AP111. Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module for APs to change the coverage of the AP's wireless signal. Then, the signal gain of AP101 outside the first coverage area is minimized, and the signal gain of AP111 outside the second coverage area is minimized, thereby effectively suppressing the mutual interference between AP101 and AP111, improving the interference suppression capability of the AP, and reducing the signal interference between APs operating at the same frequency or adjacent frequencies. Among them, AP can be network equipment such as base stations, routers, switches, etc., and terminals can be mobile phones, computers, tablets, wearable devices, etc. In addition, Figure 1 The description of AP and terminal is an optional example and does not constitute a limitation on the number and type of AP and terminal in the application scenario provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 2 This is an example diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the network device provided by this application. For example, Figure 1 The AP in Figure 2The network device shown in FIG2 is implemented. The network device includes a processor 201, a communication bus 202, a memory 203, a radio frequency module 204, an antenna module 205 and a baseband module 206. The processor 201 may include one or more chips, or one or more integrated circuits. For example, the processor 201 may include one or more neural processing units (NPUs), optical digital signal processors (oDSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), system-on-chips (SoCs), central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), microcontroller units (MCUs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), network card chips, storage interface chips or other integrated chips, and the details are not repeated here. The communication bus 202 may include a path to transmit information between the above components. The memory 203 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other types of storage devices, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an optical disc, a magnetic disk, or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer. The memory 203 may be independent and connected to the processor 201. The memory 203 may also be integrated with the processor 201. The radio frequency module 204 and the antenna module 205 are used to cooperate to realize the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. Among them, the antenna module 205 is the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application. The structure of the antenna module can be found in the relevant description of the subsequent embodiments. The baseband module 206 is used to process received wireless signals or wireless signals to be transmitted. Specifically, the network device includes P transmitting channels and J receiving channels, where P is any integer greater than or equal to 1, and J is any integer greater than or equal to 1. Among the J receiving channels, each receiving channel includes a receiver in the RF module 204 and a receiving antenna in the antenna module 205 .In the P transmission channels, each transmission channel includes a transmitter in the RF module 204 and a transmitting antenna in the antenna module 205. For example, the baseband module 206 sends a first digital signal to the transmission channel, and the transmitter in the RF module 204 is used to convert the first digital signal into a first RF signal and process the first RF signal to obtain a processed first RF signal, wherein the transmitter may include a switch, a filter, a power amplifier (PA), a low noise amplifier (LNA), an antenna tuner or a phase shifter and other devices. The transmitting antenna of the antenna module 205 is used to convert the first RF signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiate it out. For another example, the receiving antenna of the antenna module 205 receives the electromagnetic wave and converts the electromagnetic wave into a second RF signal. The receiver of the RF module 204 processes the second RF signal to obtain a processed second RF signal, and converts the processed second RF signal into a second digital signal. For a description of the components and processing included in the receiver, please refer to the description of the components and processing included in the transmitter, and the details are not repeated here. The receiver sends the second digital signal to the baseband module 206 , and the baseband module 206 performs digital processing on the second digital signal.

[0054] based on Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The structure of the antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application is illustrated in FIG. Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the antenna module provided in the present application. The antenna module 300 shown in this embodiment includes a reflector 301, a first substrate 302, a first feeding network 304 and N first vibrators 305. In this embodiment, the first substrate 302 is taken as a printed circuit board (PCB) as an example, without limitation. The first substrate 302 can be any type of substrate that can support and fix the first feeding network 304 and the N first vibrators 305, such as a plastic substrate, a ceramic substrate, etc. In this embodiment, the N first vibrators 305 are distributed on the edge of the first substrate 302, that is, the N first vibrators are located in the edge area of ​​the first substrate 302. It should be clear that this embodiment does not limit the position of the N first vibrators 305 on the surface of the first substrate, as long as the N first vibrators 305 are arranged in sequence from beginning to end to form a regular shape.

[0055] The N first vibrators 305 are arranged end to end, meaning that the first vibrators 305 are arranged in a certain order, with the head of each first vibrator 305 facing the tail of the previous first vibrator 305, with a certain gap between them. This embodiment does not limit the specific type of regular shape formed by the end-to-end arrangement of the N first vibrators; for example, the regular shape can be a circle. This embodiment does not limit the specific value of N; as long as N is any integer greater than 2, for example, N can be an even number or an odd number. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The antenna module shown is an example diagram of different numbers of first dipoles included. Figure 4 In each of the examples shown, N first oscillators 305 are arranged end to end, forming a circle. In Example 1, the antenna module includes two first oscillators. In Example 2, the antenna module includes three first oscillators. In Example 3, the antenna module includes four first oscillators. In Example 4, the antenna module includes five first oscillators. In Example 5, the antenna module includes six first oscillators. In Example 6, the antenna module includes eight first oscillators. In Example 7, the antenna module includes twelve first oscillators, and so on.

[0056] The above example takes a circle as an example, without limitation, for example Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 Various example diagrams of regular shapes formed by arranging N first vibrators provided in this application end to end. Figure 5 In Example 1 shown, N=3, and the regular shape formed by the N first vibrators 305 arranged end to end is a triangle. In Example 2, N=4, and the regular shape formed by the N first vibrators 305 arranged end to end is a square. In Example 3, N=5, and the regular shape formed by the N first vibrators 305 arranged end to end is a pentagon. In Example 4, N=6, and the regular shape formed by the N first vibrators 305 arranged end to end is a hexagon. In Example 5, N=9, and the regular shape formed by the N first vibrators 305 arranged end to end is a nonagon, and so on, which will not be described in detail.

[0057] The first feeding network 304 shown in this embodiment is connected to N first oscillators 305, so, combined with Figure 2 As shown, the first feeding network 304 receives a first RF signal from the transmitter of the RF module 204 and sends the first RF signal to the first oscillator 305. The first oscillator 305 receives a second RF signal, sends the second RF signal to the feeding network 304, and the feeding network 304 sends the second RF signal to the receiver of the RF module 204.

[0058] Each first oscillator shown in this embodiment is a dipole oscillator. The structure of each first oscillator can be seen in Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 for Figure 3 The side view of the antenna module shown is shown. The substrate 302 shown in this embodiment includes a first surface 611 and a second surface 612. The first surface 611 and the second surface 612 are two surfaces of the first substrate 302 located opposite to each other. For example, the first substrate 302 is parallel to plane XY, and plane XY includes directions X and Y, with direction X being perpendicular to direction Y and direction Z being perpendicular to plane XY. Then, along direction Z, the first surface 611 and the second surface 612 are arranged in sequence. Then, along direction Z, the second surface 612 is located opposite to the reflector 301, and there is a target distance h between the second surface 612 and the reflector 301. The first surface 611 is located opposite to the reflector 301. Each first oscillator includes a first radiating arm 601 and a second radiating arm 602. Optionally, the same first oscillator includes a first radiating arm 601 and a second radiating arm 602, and the orthographic projection of the first radiating arm 601 on the reflector 301 at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second radiating arm 602 on the reflector 301. The orthographic projection of the first radiating arm 601 on the reflector 301 refers to the orthographic projection formed on the reflector 301 by illuminating the first radiating arm 601 with multiple projection lines that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the reflector 301 (e.g., along direction Z). For the description of the orthographic projection of the second radiating arm 602, please refer to the description of the orthographic projection of the first radiating arm 601, and the details are not repeated here. Because the second surface 612 of the substrate 302 shown in this embodiment is positioned opposite to the reflector 301, a target gap is formed between the second surface 612 and the reflector 301, and the N second radiating arms 602 are located within this target gap.

[0059] Continue to see Figure 7 、 Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 7 for Figure 3 The diagram shows an example of a partial structure of the antenna module. Figure 8 for Figure 7 An example of a top-down structure is shown. Figure 9 for Figure 3The bottom-view structure example diagram is shown. N first radiating arms 601 are distributed on the first surface 611, and N second radiating arms 602 are distributed on the second surface 612. The first feeding network shown in this embodiment includes N first microstrip lines 701, a power divider 702, N second microstrip lines 801, and a grounding module 802. The N first microstrip lines 701 and the power divider 702 are located on the first surface 611 of the first substrate. The first end of the first microstrip line 701 is connected to the first radiating arm 601, and the second end of the first microstrip line 701 is connected to the power divider 702. The power divider 702 shown in this embodiment is located in the central area of ​​the first surface 611. N second microstrip lines 801 and the grounding module 802 are located on the second surface 612 of the first substrate. The first end of the second microstrip line 801 is connected to the second radiating arm 602, and the second end of the second microstrip line 801 is connected to the grounding module 802. The grounding module 802 generally refers to a grounded conductive plate in a microstrip line structure. The grounding module 802 provides a stable reference potential for the microstrip line, which helps to maintain stable signal transmission. At the same time, the ground plane can also play a role in shielding and reducing electromagnetic interference. This embodiment does not limit the specific number of power dividers 702. Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 As shown, Figure 10 for Figure 8 The connection example diagram shown is Figure 11 for Figure 9The connection example diagram shown. The RF module and the antenna module of the network device are connected through a coaxial cable 1100. The coaxial cable 1100 has an inner conductor 1000 and an outer conductor. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable 1100 is connected to the grounding module 802, so the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 1100 and the grounding module 802 serve as the ground of the antenna module. The inner conductor 1000 of the coaxial cable 1100 is connected to the power divider 702. Taking the RF signal emitted by the antenna module as an example, the RF module transmits the RF signal to the power divider 702 through the inner conductor 1000 of the coaxial cable 1100, and the power divider 702 divides the RF signal energy into multiple outputs. This embodiment does not limit the number of power dividers 702. For example, when the value of N is 12, the power divider 702 includes two types of power dividers, one is a one-to-four power divider, and the other is a one-to-three power divider. The input port of the 1-to-4 power splitter is connected to the inner conductor 1000 of the coaxial line 1100, each output port of the 1-to-4 power splitter is connected to the input port of a 1-to-3 power splitter, and the three output ports of the 1-to-3 power splitter are respectively connected to the three first radiating arms. Therefore, when the 1-to-4 power splitter receives RF signal A, it splits the energy of the RF signal into RF signals A1, A2, A3, and A4, and transmits them to each 1-to-3 power splitter respectively. Each 1-to-3 power splitter splits the energy of each RF signal A1, A2, A3, and A4 into RF signals B1, B2, and B3, and transmits RF signals B1, B2, and B3 to the three first radiating arms respectively.

[0060] It can be understood that each of the N first vibrators is connected to the first feeding network. When the first feeding network feeds the N first vibrators, the current flowing through the N first vibrators is a unidirectional circulation. When the current flowing through the N first vibrators is a unidirectional circulation, it means that the current flowing through different first vibrators in the N first vibrators has the same flow direction. For example, the current flowing through different first vibrators flows in a clockwise direction, or the current flowing through different first vibrators flows in a counterclockwise direction. See Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 for Figure 3 The feeding example diagram of the antenna module shown. The current flowing through the N first oscillators is a co-directional circulating current, which means that when the first feeding network feeds the N first oscillators, the current flowing through different first oscillators flows in a clockwise direction, so that the current flowing through the N first oscillators forms a co-directional circulating current 1201. The flow direction of the co-directional circulating current 1201 can be clockwise (for example Figure 12The N first oscillators shown in this embodiment form a co-directional circulating current when fed, which helps enhance the radiation capability within the coverage area and improve the efficiency and gain of the antenna.

[0061] In the case where the currents flowing through the N first oscillators are circulating in the same direction, the radiation of the antenna module can be seen from Figure 13a as well as Figure 13b As shown, Figure 13a for Figure 3 The antenna module shown is an example of antenna radiation without a reflector. Figure 13b for Figure 13a The following is an example of a three-dimensional antenna radiation diagram. An antenna radiation pattern, also known as an antenna directivity pattern or far-field directivity pattern, is a three-dimensional spatial variable graph used to describe how the field or power varies with angle θ in a spherical coordinate system. This radiation pattern can be used to understand the radiation characteristics of the antenna module in various directions in space. Specifically, the primary maximum radiation area of ​​the N first antenna elements is called the "main lobe," while the secondary maximum radiation area is called the "lobe" or "side lobe." The main lobe is typically the direction in which the energy radiated by the N first antenna elements is most concentrated, while the side lobes may cause interference to other network devices. The N first antenna elements shown in this embodiment have their radiation capacity most concentrated between 0 and 60 degrees, 120 and 180 degrees, 180 and 240 degrees, and 300 and 360 degrees. The angle refers to the angle between the direction in which the first antenna element radiates (or receives) electromagnetic waves and the target axis. If the AP is a ceiling-mounted AP, it is mounted on the ceiling with the target axis perpendicular to the ceiling. For another example, in the three-dimensional example diagram, the antenna radiation pattern has the strongest radiation or reception capability in the direction of the target axis, but is relatively weak in other directions. It can be understood that the target axis is parallel to the direction Z. Then, the main lobes are between 0 and 60 degrees, between 120 and 180 degrees, between 180 and 240 degrees, and between 300 and 360 degrees. The antenna module shown in this embodiment can achieve omnidirectional gain coverage within the coverage range of the main lobe. Among them, achieving omnidirectional gain coverage within the coverage range of the main lobe means that within the coverage range of 0 to 60 degrees, between 120 to 180 degrees, between 180 to 240 degrees, and between 300 and 360 degrees, the antenna module can transmit or receive electromagnetic waves in a uniform gain state. Figure 13a for Figure 13b The three-dimensional radiation pattern shown is an example of radiation pattern on the first section, wherein the first section includes direction Z and direction X. Or, Figure 13a for Figure 13bThe three-dimensional radiation pattern shown is an example of radiation on the second section, where the second section includes direction Z and direction Y. This embodiment does not limit the specific orientation of direction X and direction Y, as long as direction Z is perpendicular to plane XY (the plane including directions X and Y).

[0062] The function of the reflector shown in this embodiment is to Figure 13a The radiation pattern shown is changed to Figure 14a The radiation pattern shown in Figure 13b The radiation pattern shown is changed to Figure 14b The radiation pattern shown in Figure 1 is: Figure 14a for Figure 3 The antenna module shown includes an example diagram of antenna radiation of a reflector. Figure 14b for Figure 14a The three-dimensional example diagram of antenna radiation shown in FIG. The reflector 301 has a mirror effect. Specifically, Figure 13b The three-dimensional radiation diagram shown includes a first radiation area 1310 (0 degrees to 90 degrees, 270 degrees to 360 degrees) and a second radiation area 1311 (90 degrees to 180 degrees, 180 degrees to 270 degrees). Taking the radiation of electromagnetic waves by the antenna module as an example, the radiation diagram formed in space by the multiple first electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module is shown in the first radiation area 1310, and the radiation diagram formed in space by the multiple second electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module is shown in the second radiation area 1311. The mirror effect of the reflector 301 means that when the multiple second electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna module encounter the reflector 301, the multiple second electromagnetic waves will be reflected at the reflector 301, and these reflected second electromagnetic waves will be superimposed on the first electromagnetic wave in space, thereby forming a mirror image as shown in FIG. Figure 14a as well as Figure 14b Due to the mirror effect of the reflector 301, the coverage area of ​​the main lobe of the antenna module is concentrated between 0 degrees and 60 degrees, and between 300 degrees and 360 degrees, which meets the application of ceiling-mounted AP. Figure 1 As shown, the first coverage range of the AP 101 is between 0 degrees and 60 degrees, and between 300 degrees and 360 degrees.

[0063] In the antenna module shown in this embodiment, in order to suppress interference between different APs, the N first oscillators can achieve a steep drop in gain in all directions within the side lobe range. Figure 14a as well as Figure 14bAs shown, the side lobe range is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees and 270 degrees and 300 degrees. Within the side lobe range, the omnidirectional gain drop means that the N first vibrators transmit or receive electromagnetic waves in all directions within the side lobe range in a state of steep gain drop. It can be seen that the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the N first vibrators within the main lobe coverage range is greater than the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated within the side lobe coverage range, thereby improving the signal strength within the main lobe coverage range, and because the gain drop effect within the side lobe coverage range is omnidirectional, the side lobe interference suppression capability is improved. Then, by forming N first vibrators in the same direction of circulation, electromagnetic interference to the same frequency or adjacent frequency can be effectively suppressed, thereby improving the concurrent throughput performance of multiple network devices in the communication system. It should be clear that the description of the main lobe and side lobe coverage angles in this embodiment is an optional example and is not limited.

[0064] Combined with the radiation conditions of the antenna module within the main lobe coverage range and the radiation conditions within the side lobe range, the electromagnetic waves radiated or received by the antenna module form a conical beam, which has a steep beam gain drop (i.e., the gain drops sharply in all directions within the side lobe range) and omnidirectional uniform radiation capability (i.e., the gain is concentrated and balanced within the main lobe coverage range). It can be understood that when the communication system includes multiple network devices, even if the multiple network devices are placed side by side at a close distance, because the electromagnetic waves corresponding to the antenna modules of the network devices have a conical beam, then the gain drops sharply in the lateral direction (i.e., within the side lobe coverage range), and the mutual coupling between the antenna modules of different network devices is also reduced, thereby improving the isolation between the antenna modules of different network devices, helping to improve the communication quality of the communication system and improve the throughput performance of multiple-input multiple-output technology (MIMO). This embodiment does not limit the type of vibrator included in the antenna module. For example, the vibrator type can also be a negative magnetic permeability antenna (mu-negative antenna, MNG), an Alford loop antenna (alford loop antenna, alford), a loop antenna or a square loop antenna, etc.

[0065] The above example uses N first oscillators, each of which has a first arc shape, the edge of the first substrate has a second arc shape, and the first and second arc shapes are conformal. Conformity between the first and second arc structures means that the curvature of the first and second arc structures is consistent. This embodiment does not limit the shape of the first oscillators; for example, they may also have a square or rectangular structure. There is no specific limitation, as long as the N first oscillators form a co-directional circulating current when fed.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the target radiating arm is connected to the target microstrip line, and the target radiating arm is perpendicular to the target microstrip line. The target radiating arm is one of the N first radiating arms and the N second radiating arms, and the target microstrip line is one of the N first microstrip lines and the N second microstrip lines. For example Figure 10 As shown, the target radiation arm is the first radiation arm 601, and the target microstrip line is the first microstrip line 701. Then, the first radiation arm 601 and the first microstrip line 701 are connected to each other and are perpendicular. It should be clear that this embodiment does not limit the angle between the first radiation arm 601 and the first microstrip line 701. As long as the first radiation arm 601 and the first microstrip line 701 are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to each other, then the absolute value of the angle between the first radiation arm 601 and the first microstrip line 701 is within a preset angle range, which can be greater than 80 degrees and less than 100 degrees. For example Figure 11 As shown, the target radiating arm is the second radiating arm 602, and the target microstrip line is the second microstrip line 801. The second radiating arm 602 and the second microstrip line 801 are connected and perpendicular to each other. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the angle between the second radiating arm 602 and the second microstrip line 801. As long as the second radiating arm 602 and the second microstrip line 801 are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, then the absolute value of the angle between the second radiating arm 602 and the second microstrip line 801 is within a preset angle range, which can be greater than 80 degrees and less than 100 degrees. When the target radiating arm is perpendicular to the target microstrip line, the antenna module can achieve horizontal polarization.

[0067] The following specifically describes how the antenna module forms the above-mentioned conical beam. In the N first oscillators shown in this embodiment, all of the first oscillators have the same circumscribed circle, so the circumscribed circle intersects with the vertex of each first oscillator. For another example, some of the first oscillators have the same circumscribed circle, so the circumscribed circle intersects with the vertex of some of the first oscillators. For example Figure 14c As shown, Figure 14c This is an example diagram of the circumscribed circle of N first vibrators provided in this application. If the N first vibrators 1401 are arranged end to end to form a triangle, then the circumscribed circle 1400 is connected to the vertex of each first vibrator 1401. In order to form a conical beam, there is a first spacing d between the phase center of the first vibrator and the center of the circumscribed circle. The phase center of the first vibrator refers to the center of the radiation source that radiates electromagnetic waves after the first vibrator is fed, that is, the equivalent source point. The specific position of the phase center of the first vibrator is related to the shape of the first vibrator, the feeding position, etc. The first vibrator is connected to the circumscribed circle, so, Figure 14cIn the example shown, the first vibrator is each first vibrator 1401 included in the antenna module. In order to form a conical beam, the first spacing d is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna module, and the first specified multiple is any value within the range of 0.4 to 0.75. The above example takes the circumscribed circle formed by N first vibrators as an example, and is connected to each first vibrator. In other examples, the circumscribed circle may also be connected to some of the N first vibrators. For example, the N first vibrators include a first vibrator L1, a first vibrator L2, a first vibrator L3, and a first vibrator L4. The first vibrator L1, the first vibrator L2, and the first vibrator L3 can form the same circumscribed circle. If a first spacing d1 is defined between the phase center of the first oscillator L1 and the center of the circumscribed circle, and the first spacing d1 is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna module, then the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator L1 can achieve a steep gain drop within the sidelobe range, that is, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator L1 experiences a steep gain drop between 60 degrees and 90 degrees and between 270 degrees and 300 degrees. If a first spacing d2 is defined between the phase center of the first oscillator L2 and the center of the circumscribed circle, and the first spacing d2 is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna module, but the first spacing d1 is not equal to the first spacing d2, because the first spacing d2 is also a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna module, then the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator L2 can achieve a steep gain drop within the sidelobe range, that is, the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator L2 experiences a steep gain drop between 60 degrees and 90 degrees and between 270 degrees and 300 degrees. If there is a first distance d3 between the phase center of the first oscillator L3 and the center of the circumscribed circle, and the first distance d3 is not a first specified multiple of the working wavelength λ of the antenna module, then the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first oscillator L3 cannot achieve a sharp drop in gain within the sidelobe range.

[0068] Figure 15a for Figure 3 The illustrated example diagram shows corresponding antenna radiation when the first spacing between the antenna modules is not the first specified multiple of the operating wavelength of the antenna modules. Figure 15a In the example shown, when the first spacing d is 0.25λ, the radiation pattern of the antenna module is shown as 1501, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna module. It can be understood that Figure 15a In the example shown, the first spacing d is not the first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ (ie, 0.25 is not within the range of 0.4 to 0.75). Figure 15b for Figure 3 The illustrated example diagram of antenna radiation corresponds to a first specified multiple of the antenna module's operating wavelength when the first spacing between the antenna modules is equal to the first specified multiple of the antenna module's operating wavelength. Figure 15b In the example shown, when the first spacing d is 0.5λ, the radiation pattern of the antenna module is shown as 1502. It can be understood that Figure 15bIn the example shown, the first spacing d is a first specified multiple of the operating wavelength λ (ie, 0.5 is within the range of 0.4 to 0.75). Figure 15a as well as Figure 15b As shown, Figure 15b Relative to Figure 15a As shown, in the side lobe direction (i.e., between 60 degrees to 90 degrees, 90 degrees to 120 degrees, 240 degrees to 270 degrees, and 270 degrees to 300 degrees), the amplitude steep drop characteristic is improved. Moreover, when the first spacing d of the antenna module is the first specified multiple of the working wavelength λ of the antenna module (i.e., 0.4 to 0.75), the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module within the main lobe coverage range is greater than the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated within the side lobe coverage range. For the description of the main lobe and side lobe coverage range, please refer to the above embodiment and the details will not be repeated. It can be understood that the antenna module shown in this embodiment effectively improves the signal strength within the main lobe coverage range, and because the gain steep drop effect is omnidirectional within the side lobe coverage range, the side lobe interference suppression capability is improved.

[0069] Figure 16a for Figure 3 The diagram shows an example of antenna radiation of the antenna module at different first spacings. Figure 16b for Figure 3 Another example of antenna radiation of the antenna module at different first spacings is shown in Table 1:

[0070] Table 1

[0071] The first distance d The corresponding radiation pattern First distance d=0.4λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16a The 1601 shown First distance d=0.45λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16a The 1602 shown First distance d=0.5λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16a shown in 1603 First distance d=0.55λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16a The 1604 shown First distance d=0.6λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16b The 1611 shown First distance d=0.65λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16b The 1612 shown First distance d=0.7λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16b The 1613 shown First distance d=0.75λ The radiation pattern of the antenna module is Figure 16b The 1614 shown

[0072] Depend on Figure 16a as well as Figure 16b The example shown is that the antenna module is not provided with a reflector. It can be seen that when the first spacing d of the antenna module is the first specified multiple of the working wavelength λ of the antenna module (i.e., 0.4 to 0.75), the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module within the main lobe range (i.e., between 0 degrees and 60 degrees, between 300 degrees and 360 degrees, and between 120 degrees and 240 degrees) is greater than the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated in the side lobe direction (i.e., between 60 degrees and 120 degrees, and between 240 degrees and 300 degrees), thereby improving the signal strength within the main lobe range. Moreover, because the gain drop effect is omnidirectional within the side lobe coverage range, the side lobe interference suppression capability is improved. When the first spacing d is the first specified multiple of the working wavelength λ of the antenna module, different values ​​of the first spacing d can make the antenna module have different sizes, thereby improving the flexibility of antenna module size selection. Combined with Figure 16a as well as Figure 16bAs shown, when the radiation pattern is 1611 (i.e., the first spacing d=0.6λ), the gain drop effect achieved within the sidelobe coverage range of the antenna module is the best. Therefore, the target distance d of the antenna module shown in this embodiment can be 0.6λ.

[0073] Figure 17 for Figure 3 The antenna module shown is a three-dimensional example diagram of antenna radiation when the first spacing d is 0.6λ. Figure 17 The illustrated three-dimensional antenna radiation example diagram 1701 is a three-dimensional antenna radiation diagram when the target distance d is 0.6λ and the antenna module does not include a reflector. Figure 17 The antenna radiation three-dimensional example diagram 1702 is a three-dimensional diagram of antenna radiation when the target distance d is 0.6λ and the antenna module has included a reflector. For the description of the function of the reflector, please refer to the above embodiment and the details will not be repeated here. Figure 14a as well as Figure 14b As shown, the antenna module has a strong electromagnetic wave gain in the first coverage area (i.e., between 0 degrees and 60 degrees and between 300 degrees and 360 degrees), and within the sidelobe coverage range, the gain drop effect is omnidirectional, which improves the sidelobe interference suppression capability. Then, the electromagnetic wave gain outside the first coverage area is weak, which effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference with the same frequency or adjacent frequency, and improves the concurrent throughput performance of multiple network devices in the communication system.

[0074] In this embodiment, the N first vibrators have a first orthographic projection on the first substrate. The reflector has a second orthographic projection on the first substrate. Specifically, each first vibrator and the reflector are illuminated separately by multiple projection lines that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first substrate to form a first orthographic projection and a second orthographic projection on the first substrate. Then, the N first vibrators will form N first orthographic projections on the substrate. Among the N first orthographic projections, each first orthographic projection is located within the second orthographic projection, so that the reflection effect of the reflector 301 on the electromagnetic waves emitted by each second radiation arm is effectively realized to ensure that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the N first vibrators can cover the corresponding coverage area. There is a target distance h between the second surface of the first substrate and the reflector shown in this embodiment, and the target distance h is a distance specified multiple of the working wavelength λ of the antenna module, and the distance specified multiple is any value between 0.07 and 0.5. Figure 18 for Figure 3 The antenna module shown in the figure shows an example of antenna radiation at different target distances. See Table 2 for details:

[0075] Table 2

[0076] Target distance h Corresponding antenna radiation pattern <![CDATA[Target distance h = 0.125 λ > The antenna radiation pattern is shown in 1801 <![CDATA[Target distance h = 0.25 λ > The antenna radiation pattern is shown as 1802 <![CDATA[Target distance h = 0.375 λ > The antenna radiation pattern is shown in 1803 <![CDATA[Target distance h = 0.5 λ > The antenna radiation pattern is shown in 1804

[0077] It can be understood that when the target distance is a specified multiple of the distance of the antenna module's operating wavelength λ, the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna module within the main lobe coverage range is greater than the gain of the electromagnetic waves radiated within the side lobe range, thereby improving the signal strength within the main lobe coverage range. Moreover, because the gain drop effect within the side lobe coverage range is omnidirectional, the side lobe interference suppression capability is improved. When the target distance h is a specified multiple of the distance of the antenna module's operating wavelength λ, different values ​​of the target distance h can enable the antenna module to have different gain drop effects within the side lobe coverage range. Therefore, the size of the target distance h can be set accordingly according to the different requirements of the antenna module for the gain drop effect within the side lobe coverage range.

[0078] The above embodiment takes the example that the different first intervals d among the N first vibrators are equal. The following embodiment takes the example that the N first vibrators have different first intervals. Figure 19 This is an example diagram of a top view of the structure of an embodiment of the antenna module provided in the present application. The antenna module 1900 shown in this embodiment includes a reflector 1901, a first substrate 1902, a first feeding network, and N first vibrators. For the description of the reflector 1901, the first substrate 1902, and the first feeding network shown in this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding description of the above embodiment, and the details are not repeated here. In this embodiment, N is set to 4, so the antenna module 1900 shown in this embodiment includes four first vibrators, and the four first vibrators are arranged end to end to form a rectangular structure. Then, the N first vibrators specifically include a first vibrator 1911, a first vibrator 1912, a first vibrator 1913, and a first vibrator 1914. The four first vibrators shown in this embodiment form two circumscribed circles. Specifically, the first vibrator 1912 and the first vibrator 1914 form a circumscribed circle C1. The first spacing between the first vibrator 1912 and the center of the circumscribed circle C1 and between the first vibrator 1914 and the center of the circumscribed circle C1 is d1. The first vibrator 1911 and the first vibrator 1913 form a circumscribed circle C2. The first spacing between the first vibrator 1911 and the center of the circumscribed circle C2, and the first spacing between the first vibrator 1913 and the center of the circumscribed circle C2 is d2. Among them, the first spacing d1 is along the direction Y, the first spacing d2 is along the direction X, and the first substrate 1902 is parallel to the plane XY. The first spacing d1 shown in this embodiment is not equal to the first spacing d2. For the description of the first spacing d1 and the first spacing d2, please refer to the description of the first spacing d shown in the above embodiment, and the details are not repeated. In this embodiment, the description of the unidirectional circulating current formed by the four first vibrators is shown in the above embodiment, and the details are not repeated. In this embodiment, the first spacing d1 is not the first specified multiple of the working wavelength of the antenna module, and the first spacing d2 is the first specified multiple of the working wavelength of the antenna module as an example. For example, the first spacing d1 = 0.25λ, the first spacing d2 = 0.5λ, and the description of the first specified multiple is shown in the above embodiment, and the details are not repeated. Continue to combine Figure 20 as well as Figure 21 As shown, Figure 20 for Figure 19 The antenna module shown is an example of antenna radiation in a horizontal section. Figure 21 for Figure 19 The following diagram illustrates an example of three-dimensional antenna radiation from an antenna module. Since the first spacing d2 is a first specified multiple of the antenna module's operating wavelength and is the length along the X-direction, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna module experience a steep gain drop in the X-direction. This embodiment demonstrates that the degree of steep gain drop in the X-direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the first spacing d2. Since the first spacing d1 is not a first specified multiple of the antenna's operating wavelength and is the length along the Y-direction, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna module experience a gain boost in the Y-direction. It is understood that the antenna module shown in this embodiment can achieve either a steep gain drop or a gain boost by adjusting the size of different first spacings. This embodiment demonstrates that the degree of gain boost in the Y-direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the first spacing d1. This embodiment uses N first oscillators forming a rectangular shape as an example, but this is not limiting. The N first oscillators can form any shape, such as a circle, ellipse, or polygon. This embodiment does not limit the shape of each first oscillator; for example, a first oscillator can be rectangular or arc-shaped, but there are no specific limitations.

[0079] The above embodiment takes the antenna module including one substrate (ie, the first substrate) as an example. The antenna module shown in this embodiment includes K substrates, where K is any integer greater than or equal to 2. Figure 22 This is a top view structural example diagram of another embodiment of the antenna module provided in this application.

[0080] Figure 23 for Figure 22 The side view of the antenna module is shown in FIG. This embodiment takes the value of K as 3 as an example. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the value of K.

[0081] The antenna module shown in this embodiment includes K substrates. Then, when K is equal to 3, the antenna module includes three substrates, namely, a first substrate 2201, a second substrate 2202, and a third substrate 2203. The antenna module also includes three feeding networks, namely, a first feeding network, a second feeding network, and a third feeding network. The first substrate 2201 is used to connect to the first dipole array, which includes N first dipoles 2211. The first feeding network is connected to the N first dipoles 2211 and is used to feed the N first dipoles 2211 so that the N first dipoles 2211 form a co-directional circulating current. For the description of the N first dipoles 2211 and the first feeding network, please refer to the above embodiment and the details are not repeated here. The second substrate 2202 is used to connect the second vibrator array, which includes M second vibrators 2212. The second feeding network is connected to the M second vibrators 2212 and is used to feed the M second vibrators 2212 so that the M second vibrators 2212 form a co-directional circulating current. For the description of the M second vibrators 2212, please refer to the description of the N first vibrators 2211. For the description of the second feeding network and the second substrate, please refer to the description of the first feeding network and the first substrate. The details are not repeated here. The third substrate 2203 is used to connect the third vibrator array, which includes L third vibrators 2213. The third feeding network is connected to the L third vibrators 2213 and is used to feed the L third vibrators 2213 so that the L third vibrators 2213 form a co-directional circulating current. For the description of the L third oscillators 2213, please refer to the description of the N first oscillators 2211. For the description of the third feed network and the third substrate, please refer to the description of the first feed network and the first substrate, and no further details are given. N, M and L shown in this embodiment are all arbitrary integers greater than 1. In this embodiment, along the direction Z, the first substrate 2201, the second substrate 2202, the third substrate 2203 and the reflector 2300 are arranged in sequence, and there is a gap between the first substrate 2201 and the second substrate 2202, and there is a gap between the third substrate 2203 and the reflector 2300. For example, the first substrate 2201 and the second substrate 2202 can be supported and fixed by a support member located between the first substrate 2201 and the second substrate 2202. For another example, the third substrate 2203 and the reflector 2300 can be fixed by a support member located between the third substrate 2203 and the reflector 2300. It should be clear that this embodiment does not limit the connection method between different substrates and between the substrates and the reflector. The second substrate 2202 is located between the first substrate 2201 and the third substrate 2203 , and the third substrate 2203 is located between the second substrate 2202 and the reflector 2300 .In this embodiment, the diameters of the circle formed by the first vibrator array, the diameters of the circle formed by the second vibrator array, and the diameters of the circle formed by the third vibrator array are increased in sequence. It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the size relationship between the diameters of the circle formed by the first vibrator array, the diameters of the circle formed by the second vibrator array, and the diameters of the circle formed by the third vibrator array.

[0082] Optionally, the first dipole array shown in this embodiment has a first spacing d1. For a description of the first spacing d1, please refer to the description of the above embodiment and will not be further elaborated. The second dipole array has a second spacing d2, and the third dipole array has a third spacing d3. For a description of the second spacing d2 and the third spacing d3, please refer to the description of the first spacing d1 and will not be further elaborated. Among the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, and the third spacing d3, any two spacings are different. Furthermore, among the first spacing d1, the second spacing d2, and the third spacing d3, only the first spacing is a first specified multiple of the antenna module's operating wavelength, where the first specified multiple is any value between 0.4 and 0.75. The second spacing d2 and the third spacing d3 are not the antenna module's operating wavelength. For example, the second spacing d2 is less than 0.4 times the antenna module's operating wavelength, and the third spacing d3 is greater than 0.75 times the antenna module's operating wavelength. Therefore, this embodiment can enable different dipole arrays to operate according to the specific application scenario of the antenna module. For example, if the network device is far away from the surrounding network devices and there will be no co-frequency or adjacent-frequency interference, then the second and third vibrator arrays can be powered to improve the coverage range of the antenna module gain. If the network device is close to the surrounding network devices, there will be co-frequency or adjacent-frequency interference, and it is necessary to achieve the purpose of a steep drop in gain in all directions within the sidelobe coverage range, then only the first vibrator array is fed, and the second and third vibrator arrays are not powered. In this embodiment, the first vibrator array is located at the top layer of the three vibrator arrays as an example. In other examples, the first vibrator array can also be located at the bottom layer of the three vibrator arrays. For example, the first vibrator array can be located in the middle layer of the three vibrator arrays, etc., and there is no specific limitation.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application provides a network device, which includes the antenna module shown in the above embodiment. For the description of the structure of the network device, please refer to Figure 2 The corresponding instructions are not detailed here.

[0084] The present application embodiment provides a communication system, which includes multiple network devices. For a description of the network device structure, see Figure 2 The corresponding instructions are not detailed here.

[0085] The embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes multiple network devices and multiple terminals connected to each network device. For a description of the communication system, see Figure 1 The corresponding instructions are not detailed here.

[0086] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that: The present invention comprises N first vibrators, a first feeding network, a reflecting plate and a first substrate, wherein N is any integer greater than 1, and the first substrate and the reflecting plate are arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate. The first substrate fixes the N first vibrators and the first feeding network, and the first feeding network is connected to each of the first vibrators. The N first vibrators are arranged in sequence end to end on the surface of the first substrate. When the first feeding network feeds the N first vibrators, the currents flowing through different first vibrators have the same direction.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, wherein: The currents flowing through different first vibrators all flow in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the first oscillators includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, N of the first radiating arms are located on the first surface of the first substrate, and N of the second radiating arms are located on the second surface of the first substrate. Along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, the first surface, the second surface and the reflector are arranged in sequence, the N first radiating arms are arranged end to end, and the N second radiating arms are arranged end to end.

4. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least one of the first vibrators has a circumscribed circle. Among the first vibrators used to form the circumscribed circle, there is a first distance between the phase center of at least one of the first vibrators and the center of the circumscribed circle. The first distance is any value within the range of 0.4 times to 0.75 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module.

5. The antenna module according to claim 3, wherein: The first feeding network includes N first microstrip lines, a power divider, N second microstrip lines and a grounding module, wherein the first end of the first microstrip line is connected to the first radiating arm, the second end of the first microstrip line is connected to the power divider, the first end of the second microstrip line is connected to the second radiating arm, and the second end of the second microstrip line is connected to the grounding module.

6. The antenna module according to claim 5, wherein: A target radiating arm is connected to a target microstrip line, and an absolute value of an angle between the target radiating arm and the target microstrip line is greater than 80 degrees and less than 100 degrees, wherein the target radiating arm is one of the N first radiating arms and the N second radiating arms, and the target microstrip line is one of the N first microstrip lines and the N second microstrip lines.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, wherein: The target radiation arm is perpendicular to the target microstrip line.

8. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Each of the first vibrators has a first orthographic projection on the first substrate, and the reflection plate has a second orthographic projection on the first substrate. The first orthographic projection is located within the second orthographic projection.

9. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: There is a target distance between the first substrate and the reflective plate, and the target distance is a specified multiple of the distance of the working wavelength of the antenna module, and the specified multiple is any value between 0.07 and 0.

5.

10. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The antenna module also includes a second substrate, a second feeding network and M second vibrators, where M is any integer greater than 1. The second substrate, the first substrate and the reflector are arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the first substrate, or the first substrate, the second substrate and the reflector are arranged in sequence. The second substrate fixes the M second vibrators and the second feeding network, and the second feeding network is connected to each second vibrator. The M second vibrators are arranged in sequence from head to tail on the surface of the second substrate. When the second feeding network feeds the M second vibrators, the current flowing through the M second vibrators is a unidirectional circulating current.

11. The antenna module according to claim 10, wherein: At least one of the first vibrators has a first circumscribed circle, and among the first vibrators used to form the first circumscribed circle, there is a first distance between the phase center of at least one of the first vibrators and the center of the first circumscribed circle. At least one of the second vibrators has a second circumscribed circle, and among the second vibrators used to form the second circumscribed circle, there is a second distance between the phase center of at least one of the second vibrators and the center of the second circumscribed circle; the first distance is not equal to the second distance.

12. The antenna module according to claim 11, wherein: The first spacing is any value within the range of 0.4 times to 0.75 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module, and the second spacing is any value outside the range of 0.4 times to 0.75 times the operating wavelength of the antenna module.

13. A network device, characterized in that: The network device includes a baseband module, a radio frequency module, and the antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the radio frequency module includes a transmitter and / or a receiver, and the antenna module includes a transmitting antenna and / or a receiving antenna; The baseband module is used to send a first digital signal to the transmitter, the radio frequency module is used to convert the first digital signal into a first radio frequency signal, and the transmitting antenna is used to convert the first radio frequency signal into a first electromagnetic wave and radiate it; and / or, The receiving antenna is used to receive a second electromagnetic wave and convert the second electromagnetic wave into a second radio frequency signal. The receiver is used to convert the second radio frequency signal into a second digital signal and send the second digital signal to the baseband module.

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