Feed additive for improving reproduction and lactation performance of sows in late pregnancy-lactation period

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for improving reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late pregnancy-lactation period. The feed additive is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of a cinnamon leaf extract, 1-4 parts of a rosemary extract, 10-20 parts of serine, 10-20 parts of N-carbamylglutamic acid, 40-60 parts of a probiotic composition and 10-20 parts of wheat bran. The probiotic composition is prepared from the following bacteria: 1.5 * 10 < 13 > to 4.5 * 10 < 13 > CFU / kg of bacillus subtilis, 1.5 * 10 < 13 > to 4.5 * 10 < 13 > CFU / kg of bacillus coagulans, 4 * 10 < 12 > to 6 * 10 < 12 > CFU / kg of clostridium butyricum and 5 * 10 < 12 > to 7 * 10 < 12 > CFU / kg of bacillus licheniformis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late pregnancy-lactation period. Background Art

[0002] Pregnant sows in my country generally face challenges such as irrational feed nutrition, low estrus synchronization rates, fluctuating production performance, and inadequately standardized feeding and management. These issues ultimately lead to overweight or underweight sows, an increase in weak piglets, and low piglet birth weight. Lactating sows, on the other hand, face challenges such as insufficient feed intake, low body weight, delayed estrus, and low piglet weight due to inadequate milk production monitoring and body condition management, mammary gland hypoplasia, insufficient milk nutrition, environmental control, and stress management. While hormone and antibiotic interventions can alleviate these issues, the attendant drug resistance and safety concerns cannot be ignored. Scientific nutritional intervention is a key measure to safely and effectively improve sow reproductive and lactation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late pregnancy-lactation period.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0005] The feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late pregnancy-lactation period is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of laurel leaf extract, 1-4 parts of rosemary extract, 10-20 parts of serine, 10-20 parts of N-carbamylglutamic acid, 40-60 parts of a probiotic composition, and 10-20 parts of wheat bran; the probiotic composition is composed of the following bacteria: 1.5×10 13 —4.5×10 13 CFU / kg, Bacillus coagulans 1.5×10 13 —4.5×10 13 CFU / kg, Clostridium butyricum 4×10 12 —6×10 12 CFU / kg, Bacillus licheniformis 5×10 12 —7×10 12 CFU / kg.

[0006] Preferably, the feed additive contains the same content of laurel leaf extract and rosemary extract, and the same content of serine and N-carbamylglutamate.

[0007] Preferably, the number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans in the probiotic composition is the same.

[0008] More preferably, the feed additive is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of laurel leaf extract, 2.5 parts of rosemary extract, 15 parts of serine, 15 parts of N-carbamoylglutamic acid, 50 parts of probiotic composition, and 15 parts of wheat bran; the probiotic composition is composed of the following bacteria: 3×10 13 CFU / kg, Bacillus coagulans 3×10 13 CFU / kg, Clostridium butyricum 5×10 12 CFU / kg, Bacillus licheniformis 6×10 12 CFU / kg.

[0009] The above-mentioned feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in late pregnancy and lactation can be used to prepare sow feed for improving reproduction and lactation performance. In specific application, the feed additive is added to the feed of sows in late pregnancy or lactation at a dose of 1-3 kg / t, preferably 2 kg / t.

[0010] Preferably, the late pregnancy refers to 90-100 days of gestation.

[0011] The feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late pregnancy-lactation period can also be used to prepare feed for improving estrus rate, conception rate, litter size, lactation performance and PSY.

[0012] The present invention will be further described below:

[0013] Extracts from many aromatic plants are rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids and polyphenols, which can help alleviate sows' stress during farrowing and postpartum inflammation. Cinnamon, a natural spice derived from the bark and branches of the cinnamon tree, is widely used in food and health supplements. However, during the harvesting and preparation of cinnamon, a significant amount of cinnamon leaves go unused. Extracting flavonoids from cinnamon leaves not only improves the utilization of spice processing byproducts but can also be used in feed to improve sow production and lactation. Serine is a neutral aliphatic amino acid containing hydroxyl groups. Serine supplementation improves sows' antioxidant status and metabolic function by participating in metabolic pathways such as glutathione synthesis and glycolysis, regulating their energy metabolism and immune response. Serine can also indirectly promote piglet growth, development, and immune health through breast milk. N-aminocarboxyglutamate, or NCG, promotes the synthesis of endogenous arginine, but the raw material price is much lower than arginine. Arginine promotes the production of nitric oxide (NO) and polyamines. NO improves placental blood flow, while polyamines regulate cell proliferation, jointly alleviating intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and increasing fetal survival. Probiotics can significantly improve sows' intestinal health, reducing constipation and promoting nutrient absorption.

[0014] This application compounds the above-mentioned laurel leaf extract, rosemary extract, serine, N-carbamylglutamate and probiotic composition into a feed additive to enhance breast milk nutrition and immune transmission during lactation, ultimately achieving a comprehensive improvement in sow reproductive performance, lactation efficiency and piglet health. Tests have shown that the compounded composition is more effective than using it alone. Probiotics can improve the body's absorption rate of amino acids and other nutrients, and the supplementation of amino acids and plant extracts can regulate various metabolic processes in the body. In general, the components of the complex produce a synergistic effect, which can reduce the number of weak piglets, increase the newborn litter weight (live) by 0.23kg / head, and increase the weaning weight by 0.29kg / head; it can also improve the quality of pig milk, increase the feed intake of lactating sows and the backfat thickness of sows at weaning. Furthermore, the feed additive described in the present invention can not only improve the production performance of sows, but also help improve the estrus rate, conception rate, number of litters, lactation performance, improve PSY, etc. of sows, and promote the growth and development of piglets, ultimately improving the overall production efficiency and economic benefits of pig farms. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Example 1

[0016] The feed additive formula for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period is shown in Table 1.

[0017] Table 1

[0018]

[0019]

[0020] Among them, the components and content of the probiotic composition: Bacillus subtilis (3×10 13 CFU / kg), Bacillus coagulans (3×10 13 CFU / kg), Clostridium butyricum (5×10 12 CFU / kg), Bacillus licheniformis (6×10 12 CFU / kg).

[0021] Usage: Add the composition at a dosage of 2.0 kg / ton to the feed of sows in late pregnancy (90-100 days of pregnancy) and lactation period and mix thoroughly.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] The feed additive formula for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period is shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1

[0025] Components parts by weight laurel leaf extract (commercially available) 1 Rosemary extract (commercially available) 1 Serine (Ser) 20 N-Carbamoylglutamate (NCG) 20 Probiotic composition 40 wheat bran 18 total 100 copies

[0026] Among them, the components and content of the probiotic composition: Bacillus subtilis (1.5×10 13 CFU / kg), Bacillus coagulans (1.5×10 13 CFU / kg), Clostridium butyricum (4×10 12 CFU / kg), Bacillus licheniformis (7×10 12 CFU / kg). Usage: Add the composition at a dosage of 2.0 kg / ton to the feed of sows in late pregnancy (90-100 days of pregnancy) and lactation period and mix thoroughly.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] The feed additive formula for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period is shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Among them, the components and content of the probiotic composition: Bacillus subtilis (4.5×10 13 CFU / kg), Bacillus coagulans (4.5×10 13 CFU / kg), Clostridium butyricum (6×10 12 CFU / kg), Bacillus licheniformis (5×10 12 CFU / kg). Usage: Add the composition at a dosage of 2.0 kg / ton to the feed of sows in late pregnancy (90-100 days of pregnancy) and lactation period and mix thoroughly.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] The feed additive formula for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period is shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1

[0036] Components parts by weight laurel leaf extract (commercially available) 2.5 Rosemary extract (commercially available) 2.5 Serine (Ser) 20 N-Carbamoylglutamate (NCG) 20 Probiotic composition 45 wheat bran 10 total 100 copies

[0037] Among them, the components and content of the probiotic composition: Bacillus subtilis (3×10 13 CFU / kg), Bacillus coagulans (3×10 13 CFU / kg), Clostridium butyricum (6×10 12 CFU / kg), Bacillus licheniformis (7×10 12 CFU / kg).

[0038] Usage: Add the composition to the feed for sows in the late pregnancy (90 - 100 days of gestation) and lactation period at a dose of 2.0 kg / ton, and mix well.

[0039] Effect test of Example 5

[0040] Select 60 pregnant sows at 100 days of age with 2 - 3 parities and randomly divide them into 5 groups, with 12 sows in each group. Feed them the following 5 kinds of diets until the piglets are weaned at 21 days old. The grouping and diet treatment are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 2

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Sow production performance test:

[0045] Using one-way ANOVA statistical analysis (Table 3), it was found that the number of weak piglets in groups A, B, C, and D was significantly less than that in the control group (0.05 < P < 0.10). The feed intake of sows, weaning backfat thickness, litter weight, birth weight, and average weaning weight of piglets in group A were the highest, as well as the average values of weaning backfat and average daily feed intake of sows.

[0046] Using two-tail T-test for pairwise comparison between groups (Table 4), it was found that the average birth weight of piglets in experimental group A (additive compound group) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), there was a tendency for the birth litter weight to increase, and a tendency for the number of weak piglets to decrease. The backfat thickness of sows increased significantly, and the average weaning weight was 0.19 kg / head higher than that in the control group.

[0047] During the experiment, pregnant sows were on restricted diet, and the feed intake of all pregnant sows was the same. Free feeding started after parturition, and increasing feed intake during lactation was helpful to improve milk production and milk quality. The backfat thickness of sows was closely related to the estrus interval after weaning, ovulation number, body condition, and production performance of the next litter. A backfat thickness lower than 14 - 16 mm would significantly increase the risk of estrus delay and anestrus. Increasing the backfat thickness of lactating sows had multiple benefits such as improving estrus rate, conception rate, litter size, lactation performance, and improving PSY.

[0048] Increasing the birth weight of piglets was positively correlated with high survival rate. Weaning weight was the basis for growth during the fattening period. Piglets with a greater weaning weight had a higher starting point, better health, and higher growth rate when entering the nursery and fattening houses, resulting in higher breeding efficiency.

[0049] Table 3 Sow production performance (one-way ANOVA)

[0050]

[0051] Table 4 Sow production performance (pairwise comparison, t-test)

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Milk quality performance test:

[0056] Tables 5 and 6 show that sows fed this feed additive had the highest milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, fat-free dry matter, urea nitrogen, and total dry matter content in their milk. Compared to the control group (t-test), this feed additive significantly increased the amounts of milk protein, fat-free dry matter, urea nitrogen, and total dry matter in pig milk. Improving pig milk quality promotes healthy intestinal development in piglets and is crucial for enhancing later growth and development.

[0057] Table 5 Sow lactation performance (single factor analysis)

[0058]

[0059] Table 6 Sow lactation performance (pairwise comparison, t-test)

[0060]

[0061]

Claims

1. A feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in late pregnancy and lactation period, characterized in that: The feed additive is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 1-4 parts of laurel leaf extract, 1-4 parts of rosemary extract, 10-20 parts of serine, 10-20 parts of N-carbamoylglutamic acid, 40-60 parts of probiotic composition, and 10-20 parts of wheat bran; the probiotic composition is composed of the following bacteria: 1.5×10 13 —4.5×10 13 CFU / kg, Bacillus coagulans 1.5×10 13 —4.5×10 13 CFU / kg, Clostridium butyricum 4×10 12 —6×10 12 CFU / kg, Bacillus licheniformis 5×10 12 —7×10 12 CFU / kg.

2. The feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in late pregnancy and lactation period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive has the same content of laurel leaf extract and rosemary extract, and the same content of serine and N-carbamylglutamate.

3. The feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in late pregnancy and lactation period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probiotic composition contains the same number of live bacteria of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans.

4. The feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The feed additive is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of laurel leaf extract, 2.5 parts of rosemary extract, 15 parts of serine, 15 parts of N-carbamoylglutamic acid, 50 parts of probiotic composition, and 15 parts of wheat bran; the probiotic composition is composed of the following bacteria: 3×10 13 CFU / kg, Bacillus coagulans 3×10 13 CFU / kg, Clostridium butyricum 5×10 12 CFU / kg, Bacillus licheniformis 6×10 12 CFU / kg.

5. Use of the feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period as claimed in claim 4 in the preparation of sow feed for improving the reproduction and lactation performance, characterized in that: The application is to add the feed additive to the feed of sows in late pregnancy or lactation at a dosage of 1-3 kg / t.

6. Use of the feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period as claimed in claim 5 in the preparation of sow feed for improving the reproduction and lactation performance, characterized in that: The application is to add the feed additive to the feed of sows in late pregnancy or lactation at a dosage of 2kg / t.

7. Use of the feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period as claimed in claim 5 in the preparation of sow feed for improving the reproduction and lactation performance, characterized in that: The late pregnancy refers to 90-100 days of pregnancy.

8. Use of the feed additive for improving the reproduction and lactation performance of sows in the late gestation to lactation period as claimed in claim 4 in the preparation of sow feed for improving estrus rate, conception rate, litter size, lactation performance and PSY.

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