A variable direction grinding drill bit

Abstract

This invention discloses a reversible drill bit, comprising a transmission mechanism, a support mechanism, and a steering mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes the drill bit, a ball joint, and a tool holder. The support mechanism includes an inner sheath of the drill bit, an inner tool tube, and a fixing frame. The steering mechanism includes an outer sheath of the drill bit, a cylindrical pin, an outer tool tube, and a handwheel. The advantages of this invention are: it overcomes the problem of limited operating angles in extreme surgical environments and compensates for the problems of complex manufacturing processes, difficult maintenance, and limited steering angles in existing reversible mechanisms; the transmission mechanism uses a ball joint connection, making power transmission of the drill bit smoother and easier to install and remove, facilitating cleaning or later maintenance by the user; the reversible mechanism uses a cam interlocking form, which can obtain a larger steering angle; the reversible mechanism has a built-in support hinge, which can ensure smoother reversible movement and help to obtain a smaller turning radius.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a variable-direction grinding drill bit. Background Art

[0002] Drills are essential tools in surgery for the safe, efficient, and precise cutting and shaping of bone and other soft tissues, and are widely used in orthopedics, neurosurgery, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery. However, in deep, narrow, or tortuous surgical scenarios, traditional drills, unable to adjust their angle for safe avoidance, often require excessive tissue traction or enlargement of the bone window, increasing trauma and risk. With the development of minimally invasive surgery, there is an urgent clinical need for a drill that can overcome the limitations of straight lines, offering greater flexibility and stronger avoidance capabilities.

[0003] In the prior art, a blade reversing mechanism can be configured at the end of a drill bit. A blade reversing mechanism and a medical reversing blade are described in application number 202420633733.8. The blade reversing mechanism includes: a fixing member, sleeved outside the inner blade assembly; a sliding member, slidably sleeved outside the fixing member and axially movable relative to the fixing member; and a curved support sleeve, sleeved outside the blade head with the blade head extending from one end of the curved support sleeve. The other end of the curved support sleeve has a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion. The first connecting portion is rotatably connected to the sliding member, and the second connecting portion is rotatably connected to the fixing member. The axial movement of the sliding member drives the curved support sleeve and the blade head to pitch relative to the inner blade assembly.

[0004] The manufacturing process of this solution is complex, and the steering function depends to some extent on the elastic deformation of the parts themselves, which will seriously affect the service life of the mechanism. In addition, the adjustable angle of this solution is small, and its adaptability to complex working environments is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable-direction grinding drill bit to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a variable-direction grinding drill bit, comprising a transmission mechanism, a support mechanism, and a steering mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a grinding drill bit, a ball joint, and a tool holder. The support mechanism includes an inner sheath of the grinding head, an inner tool tube, and a fixing frame. The steering mechanism includes an outer sheath of the grinding head, a cylindrical pin, an outer tool tube, and a handwheel.

[0007] In a further optimized configuration, the drill bit and the tool holder are hinged together via a ball joint, allowing them to rotate at large angles.

[0008] In a further optimized configuration, the drill bit and the tool holder are hinged together via a ball joint in a tenon-and-mortise manner, forming a cross-slider structure. Two interlocking annular grooves are arranged on the outer periphery of the ball joint, and both ends are flattened. The drill bit is integrally formed from a single sphere using electrical discharge machining (EDM) or milling.

[0009] In a further optimized configuration, two annular locking grooves are orthogonally arranged on the outer periphery of the ball hinge, and both ends of the drill bit and the tool holder are movably connected to the locking grooves to form a cross-slider structure. The cross-slider structure allows the drill bit and the tool holder to rotate.

[0010] In a further optimized version, both the inner sheath of the grinding head and the inner blade tube are formed by dividing a single circular tube, and a natural hinge is formed along the dividing line. The outer sheath of the grinding head and the outer blade tube are formed by dividing a single circular tube, and their cuts are elliptical, forming a cam structure.

[0011] In a further optimized configuration, the inner sheath of the grinding head is positioned to pass through the grinding drill bit.

[0012] In a further optimization, the tail end of the inner tool holder is machined with a threaded section, and the threaded section is fixedly connected to the fixing frame by a thread.

[0013] In a further optimized configuration, the grinding head sheath passes through the grinding drill bit, and two pin holes are symmetrically formed on its outer wall, into which the cylindrical pin passes.

[0014] In a further optimized configuration, the outer periphery of the drill bit is provided with a groove, and the cylindrical pin is embedded in the groove.

[0015] In a further optimized configuration, the outer blade tube is fitted outside the inner blade tube, and its tail is fixedly connected to the handwheel by threads or welding. Beneficial effects

[0016] The variable-direction drill bit provided by this invention overcomes the problem of limited operating angle of traditional drills in extreme surgical environments, and makes up for the problems of complex manufacturing process, difficult maintenance and limited turning angle of existing variable-direction mechanisms. The transmission mechanism adopts ball joint connection, which makes the power transmission of the drill smoother and convenient to install and remove, making it easy for users to clean or maintain later. The variable-direction mechanism adopts cam interlocking, which can obtain a larger turning angle. The variable-direction mechanism has a built-in support hinge, which can ensure smoother variable-direction movement and help to obtain a smaller turning radius. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention from another angle;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the present invention from another angle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ball hinge structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention from another angle;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present invention from another angle;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the steering mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the steering mechanism of the present invention from another angle.

[0028] Figure Labels

[0029] 11-Grinding drill bit; 12-Spherical hinge; 13-Tool holder; 21-Grinding head inner sheath; 22-Inner tool tube; 23-Fixing bracket; 31-Grinding head outer sheath; 32-Cylindrical pin; 33-Outer tool tube; 34-Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0031] Example

[0032] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a variable-direction grinding drill bit includes a transmission mechanism, a support mechanism, and a steering mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a grinding drill bit 11, a ball joint 12, and a tool holder 13. The support mechanism includes an inner sheath 21, an inner tool tube 22, and a fixing frame 23. The steering mechanism includes an outer sheath 31, a cylindrical pin 32, an outer tool tube 33, and a handwheel 34.

[0033] In this embodiment, the grinding drill bit 11 and the tool holder 13 are hinged together by a ball joint 12. The grinding drill bit 11 and the tool holder 13 are hinged together by a mortise and tenon joint and form a cross-slider structure, so that the grinding drill bit 11 and the tool holder 13 can rotate relative to each other without separating. In actual use, the power source applies torque to the tail end of the tool holder 13 and transmits it to the grinding drill bit 11 through the ball joint 12, driving the grinding drill bit 11 to rotate and complete the grinding work.

[0034] Both the inner sheath 21 and the inner blade tube 22 of the grinding head are formed by dividing a whole round tube, and a natural hinge is formed along the dividing line, so that the two surfaces are locked together and can rotate relative to each other.

[0035] The grinding head inner sheath 21 is disposed inside the grinding drill bit 11. The grinding head inner sheath 21 is made of polymer material, and its purpose is to reduce the friction between the grinding drill bit 11 and the grinding head inner sheath 21 when the grinding drill bit 11 rotates.

[0036] The inner tool holder 22 has a threaded section at its tail end, and the threaded section is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 23 by threads. The inner tool holder 22 is also made of polymer material, and its interior passes through the tool holder 13, which is intended to reduce the friction between the two during operation.

[0037] The grinding head sheath 31 is designed to pass through the grinding drill bit 11, and two pin holes are symmetrically opened on its outer wall. The cylindrical pin 32 is inserted into the pin holes. The outer circumference of the grinding drill bit 11 is provided with a groove, and the cylindrical pin 32 is embedded in the groove. This locks the grinding drill bit 11 inside the grinding head sheath 31, preventing it from moving axially, while not affecting the rotation between the two.

[0038] The outer sheath 31 and the outer blade tube 33 of the grinding head are formed by dividing a whole round tube, and the cut is elliptical, forming a cam structure.

[0039] The outer blade tube 33 is fitted outside the inner blade tube 22, and its tail is fixedly connected to the handwheel 34 by thread or welding. The two rotate synchronously. In actual use, rotating the outer blade tube 33 can force the outer sheath 31 of the grinding head to rotate along the dividing surface, thereby realizing the blade head turning function.

[0040] The drill bit and the tool holder are connected by a ball joint. The drill bit and the tool holder can be interlocked by the ball joint, so that they can rotate relative to each other without disengaging, and are easy to disassemble.

[0041] The inner sheath and inner blade of the grinding head are divided by a single round tube, with the dividing line forming a natural hinge that interlocks the two parts and allows them to rotate relative to each other.

[0042] The grinding head sheath and outer blade tube are divided by a single circular tube, with the dividing surface forming a cam structure. When the outer blade tube rotates, it can force the grinding head sheath to rotate accordingly, enabling large-angle blade rotation with a range of ±45°.

[0043] In addition, the radius of rotation of the cutting head is the distance from the center of the ball hinge 12 to the foremost tip of the drill bit 11, which can be limited to a minimum of 6-9mm. This allows the length of the variable-direction part at the front end to be maximized, meeting the clinical requirements of surgery.

[0044] The outer sheath of the grinding head and the pin of the grinding drill bit are wedged together, so that the two cannot move relative to each other in the axial direction but can rotate relative to each other in the circumferential direction.

[0045] The outer sheath of the grinding head is fitted onto the inner sheath of the grinding head to prevent the inner sheath from coming off radially when it rotates along the inner blade tube.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable-direction grinding drill bit, characterized in that: It comprises a transmission mechanism, a support mechanism, and a steering mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a grinding drill bit (11), a ball joint (12), and a tool holder (13). The support mechanism includes an inner sheath (21), an inner tool tube (22), and a fixing frame (23). The steering mechanism includes an outer sheath (31), a cylindrical pin (32), an outer tool tube (33), and a handwheel (34). The ball joint (12) is integrally formed from a sphere through electrical discharge machining or milling. Two annular grooves are arranged alternately on the outer periphery of the ball joint (12). Both ends are flat. The grinding drill bit (11) and the cutter bar (13) are respectively movably connected to the annular groove. The grinding drill bit (11) and the cutter bar (13) are hinged in the form of tenon and tenon through the ball hinge (12) and form a cross slider structure. The inner sheath (21) of the grinding head and the inner cutter tube (22) are both formed by dividing a whole round tube and forming a natural hinge along the dividing line. The outer sheath (31) of the grinding head and the outer cutter tube (33) are formed by dividing a whole round tube and their cuts are elliptical, forming a cam structure.

2. The variable-direction grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner sheath (21) of the grinding head is disposed inside the grinding drill bit (11).

3. The variable-direction grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner blade tube (22) has a threaded section at its tail end, and the threaded section is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (23) by threads.

4. The variable-direction grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding head sheath (31) is provided inside the grinding drill bit (11), and two pin holes are symmetrically opened on its outer wall, into which the cylindrical pin (32) is inserted.

5. The variable-direction grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit (11) has a groove on its outer periphery, and the cylindrical pin (32) is embedded in the groove.

6. The variable-direction grinding drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer blade tube (33) is fitted outside the inner blade tube (22), and its tail is fixedly connected to the handwheel (34) by thread or welding.

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