Clarification device for fermentation of health wine

Abstract

The invention discloses a clarification device for fermentation of health wine, and belongs to the field of preparation of health wine, the clarification device comprises a sealing cylinder, and a filter plate is fixedly mounted in an inner cavity of the sealing cylinder; the device further comprises a pressurizing and unblocking integrated assembly, the pressurizing and unblocking integrated assembly comprises a pressing plate arranged on the upper side of the filter plate, the pressing plate and an inner cavity of the sealing barrel are installed in a sealed and sliding mode, a protection frame is fixedly installed at the top of the pressing plate, and an air cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing barrel. The output end of the air cylinder and the top of the protection frame are fixedly installed, a communicating pipe is fixedly installed between the top and the side wall of the sealing barrel, and the two ends of the communicating pipe communicate with an inner cavity of the sealing barrel. The two-way pressure change can be formed on the upper side and the lower side of the filtering layer, the wine filtering efficiency is further improved, meanwhile, automatic unblocking of the filtering layer can be achieved, the whole process does not need to depend on external power, the structure is simplified, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of health-preserving wine preparation, and more particularly to a clarification device for health-preserving wine fermentation. Background Art

[0002] In the brewing process of traditional health-preserving wine, clarification treatment is usually required after fermentation is completed to remove yeast residues, plant fibers, medicinal residues and other suspended impurities in the wine, thereby improving the transparency and taste stability of the wine. At present, in small and medium-sized wineries and home brewing, simple filter cloth filtration or plate and frame filter presses are generally used for clarification operations. However, these traditional equipment have many limitations in actual application.

[0003] First, most existing clarification devices only have a one-way pressurized filtration function and lack an effective reverse clearing mechanism. When running for a long time or processing health-preserving wine with a high solid content, the filter medium is easily clogged by fine particles, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency or even complete failure. Secondly, in order to clear the blockage, it is often necessary to stop the machine, disassemble the filter material and clean it manually. This is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also easy to cause secondary pollution, affecting the quality of the wine. In addition, some equipment relies on external power sources (such as air pumps or water pumps) to achieve the clearing function, which is complex in structure and expensive, making it difficult to meet the needs of low-cost production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a clarification device for health-preserving wine fermentation, which can realize two-way pressure changes on the upper and lower sides of the filter layer. While further improving the wine filtration efficiency, it can also realize automatic clearing of the filter layer. The entire process does not require reliance on external power, simplifies the structure and reduces energy consumption.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A clarification device for health-preserving wine fermentation, comprising a sealing cylinder, wherein a filter plate is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder;

[0007] Also includes:

[0008] A pressurized and clearing integrated component, the pressurized and clearing integrated component includes a pressure plate arranged on the upper side of the filter plate, the pressure plate and the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder are sealed and slidably installed, a protective frame is fixedly installed on the top of the pressure plate, a cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cylinder, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the protective frame, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed between the top and the side wall of the sealing cylinder, both ends of the connecting pipe are connected to the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder, the bottom end of the connecting pipe is located on the lower side of the filter plate, and a rotating component is provided on the top of the filter plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a sleeve rod rotatably mounted on the top of the filter plate, an insertion rod is slidably mounted in the top of the sleeve rod, the insertion rod is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the pressure plate, a motor is provided in the protective frame, the motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure plate, the output end of the motor is fixedly mounted on the insertion rod, scrapers are evenly fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve rod, each group of the scrapers is arranged in contact with the top of the filter plate, and a liquid inlet pipe is fixedly mounted on one side wall of the sealing cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a connecting plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the filter plate, a rotating rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sleeve rod, the rotating rod is rotatably installed with the filter plate and the connecting plate, the bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly installed with a bottom plate, the top of the bottom plate is fixedly installed with a fixed tube, a fixed block is slidably installed in the top end of the fixed tube, a return spring is fixedly installed between the fixed block and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed tube, a ball is rollingly installed on the top of the fixed block, and the bottom of the connecting plate is evenly provided with grooves adapted to the ball.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed cylinder is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the sealing cylinder, a movable plate is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder, a vertical tube is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable plate, the bottom ends of the vertical tubes pass through the fixed cylinder, the sealing cylinder and the pressure plate, the vertical tubes are slidably installed with the sealing cylinder and the fixed cylinder, and the vertical tubes are fixedly installed with the pressure plate.

[0012] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided at the bottom of one side wall of the fixing tube, and an air exhaust is provided at the top of one side wall of the vertical pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a protective cover is provided on the outer side of the fixed tube, and the protective cover is fixedly mounted to the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a filter is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the air inlet hole, and a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of the air inlet hole and the exhaust hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the reset spring is in a compressed state in its initial state, and the ball is tightly attached to the inner cavity of the adjacent groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the sleeve rod and the insertion rod are both non-circular in shape.

[0017] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom of the pressing plate and the top of the sleeve rod is smaller than the distance between the movable plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) In this solution, when the pressure plate moves downward, the space above the filter plate is pressurized and the space below is negatively pressurized. This two-way pressure change can, to a certain extent, force the wine to quickly pass through the filter plate to complete filtration, which can effectively improve the filtration efficiency. When the pressure plate moves upward, the space above the filter plate forms a negative pressure and the space below is pressurized, thereby forming a reverse pressure difference on the filter medium on the top of the filter plate, which can effectively push the impurities retained in the filter layer upward and away from the surface of the filter plate to achieve the purpose of clearing the blockage. The entire clearing process does not rely on an external pump or cleaning system, which simplifies the structure and reduces energy consumption. At the same time, due to the periodic self-cleaning function, the continuity and stability of production are improved.

[0020] (2) This solution uses a motor to drive each group of scrapers to rotate. When the scraper rotates while the pressure plate applies downward pressure on the wine, the solid particles in the wine are gradually retained on the upper surface of the filter plate, forming a layer of filter residue or sediment. At this time, the rotation of the scraper can continuously scrape off this layer of impurities to prevent it from accumulating too thickly. At the same time, the rotation of the scraper disturbs the liquid flow state on the surface of the filter plate, avoiding local blockage and allowing the liquid to pass through the filter medium more evenly, thereby improving the overall filtration speed. When the scraper rotates during the process of the pressure plate moving up to trigger the clearing action, the rotation of the scraper further stirs the residue on the surface of the filter plate, making it easier to separate from the filter material, improving the clearing efficiency, greatly reducing the frequency of manual cleaning, and extending the continuous operation time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the front side of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure of the middle part A;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of part B in the middle.

[0026] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0027] 1. Sealing cylinder; 2. Filter plate; 3. Pressing plate; 4. Protective frame; 5. Cylinder; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Sleeve rod; 8. Scraper; 9. Inserting rod; 10. Motor; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Rotating rod; 13. Bottom plate; 14. Fixed pipe; 15. Fixed block; 16. Return spring; 17. Ball bearing; 18. Groove; 19. Fixed cylinder; 20. Vertical pipe; 21. Movable plate; 22. Air inlet; 23. Filter screen; 24. Exhaust hole; 25. Liquid inlet pipe; 26. Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 5 A clarification device for health wine fermentation includes a sealing cylinder 1, the inner cavity of which is fixedly mounted a filter plate 2;

[0030] Also includes:

[0031] The pressurized and clearing blockage integrated component includes a pressure plate 3 arranged on the upper side of the filter plate 2, the pressure plate 3 and the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 1 are sealed and slidably installed, a protective frame 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the pressure plate 3, a cylinder 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cylinder 1, the output end of the cylinder 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the protective frame 4, a connecting pipe 6 is fixedly installed between the top and the side wall of the sealing cylinder 1, both ends of the connecting pipe 6 are connected to the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 1, the bottom end of the connecting pipe 6 is located on the lower side of the filter plate 2, and a rotating component is provided on the top of the filter plate 2.

[0032] The rotating assembly includes a sleeve rod 7 rotatably mounted on the top of the filter plate 2, an insertion rod 9 is slidably mounted inside the top of the sleeve rod 7, the insertion rod 9 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the pressure plate 3, a motor 10 is provided in the protective frame 4, the motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure plate 3, the output end of the motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the insertion rod 9, scrapers 8 are evenly fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve rod 7, each group of scrapers 8 is arranged in contact with the top of the filter plate 2, and a liquid inlet pipe 25 is fixedly mounted on one side wall of the sealing cylinder 1.

[0033] The filter press 2 is opened and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened, and the filter press 2 is opened 2 forms a reverse suction force. This two-way pressure change can, to a certain extent, force the wine to quickly pass through the filter plate 2 to complete the filtration, which can effectively improve the filtration efficiency. When the wine on the top of the filter plate 2 is completely filtered, the control cylinder 5 drives the pressure plate 3 to move upward through the protective frame 4. When the pressure plate 3 moves upward, the space below the pressure plate 3 is enlarged, forming a negative pressure area. At the same time, the space above it is compressed, and the gas is squeezed and enters the space below the filter plate 2 through the connecting pipe 6, causing the pressure in this area to increase, thereby forming a reverse pressure difference on the filter medium on the top of the filter plate 2, which can effectively push the impurities retained in the filter layer upward and away from the surface of the filter plate 2, thereby achieving the purpose of clearing the blockage. The entire clearing process does not rely on an external pump or cleaning system, simplifies the structure, reduces energy consumption, and at the same time, due to the periodic self-cleaning function, improves the continuity and stability of production.

[0034] When the filter element 1 is in the working state, the filter element 1 is in the working state, and the filter element 1 is in the working state, so that the filter element 1 is in the working state, and the filter element 1 is in the working state, so that the filtration efficiency of the filter element 1 is improved.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, a connecting plate 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter plate 2, a rotating rod 12 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve rod 7, the rotating rod 12 is rotatably installed with the filter plate 2 and the connecting plate 11, the bottom end of the rotating rod 12 is fixedly installed with a bottom plate 13, the top of the bottom plate 13 is fixedly installed with a fixed tube 14, a fixed block 15 is slidably installed in the top end of the fixed tube 14, a return spring 16 is fixedly installed between the fixed block 15 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed tube 14, a ball 17 is rollingly installed on the top of the fixed block 15, and grooves 18 adapted to the ball 17 are evenly opened at the bottom of the connecting plate 11.

[0036] The motor 10 drives the sleeve rod 7 to rotate through the insertion rod 9, and at the same time drives the rotating rod 12 to rotate. The rotating rod 12 drives the fixed tube 14 to perform circular motion through the bottom plate 13. When the fixed tube 14 moves, it drives the ball 17 to move synchronously through the fixed block 15. When the ball 17 moves out of the inner cavity of the groove 18, the ball 17 moves to the bottom plane of the connecting plate 11. At this time, the ball 17 drives the fixed block 15 to move downward to squeeze the reset spring 16. When the ball 17 moves to the position of the next set of grooves 18, under the action of the reset spring 16, the reset spring 16 returns to its initial state and pushes the fixed block 15 to drive the ball 17 to snap into the inner cavity of the groove 18 at this position, so that the ball 17 can be 7 will hit the inner cavity of the groove 18. At this time, during the circular motion of the fixed tube 14, the ball 17 can reciprocally hit the inner cavity of the groove 18 and generate vibrations on the connecting plate 11. The shock wave will be transmitted to the filter plate 2. The vibration helps to break the "filter cake" structure formed on the surface of the filter plate 2, making the liquid flow more uniform and reducing the problem of excessive local resistance. In this way, the flow rate during the entire filtration process can be maintained or even improved. In the reverse clearing stage, that is, when the pressure plate 3 moves upward, the vibration can further help loosen the residue attached to the filter plate 2, making it easier to remove. Especially when used in conjunction with the scraper 8, the vibration can make the impurities more completely separate from the surface of the filter plate 2, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, a fixed cylinder 19 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the sealing cylinder 1, a movable plate 21 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 19, a vertical pipe 20 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable plate 21, and the bottom ends of the vertical pipe 20 pass through the fixed cylinder 19, the sealing cylinder 1 and the pressure plate 3. The vertical pipe 20 is slidably installed with the sealing cylinder 1 and the fixed cylinder 19, and the vertical pipe 20 is fixedly installed with the pressure plate 3.

[0038] An air inlet 22 is formed at the bottom of one side wall of the fixed tube 19 , and an air outlet 24 is formed at the top of one side wall of the vertical tube 20 .

[0039] When the pressure plate 3 moves downward, the pressure plate 3 will drive the movable plate 21 to move downward synchronously through the vertical pipe 20. The downward movement of the movable plate 21 will squeeze the gas in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 19 and discharge it into the vertical pipe 20 through the exhaust hole 24. The gas in the vertical pipe 20 will be discharged to the lower side of the pressure plate 3, which can quickly increase the air pressure in the area, thereby quickly improving the filtration efficiency of the wine, and thus will also form a stronger reverse pressure difference, significantly enhancing the cleaning effect of the filter medium, avoiding the previous situation where the internal air pressure balance caused poor results. The structure is reasonably designed and easy to operate; when the pressure plate 3 moves upward, it will drive the movable plate 21 to move upward through the vertical pipe 20, and the movable plate 21 will absorb external gas through the air inlet 22 and discharge it into the fixed cylinder 19 to replenish air.

[0040] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a protective cover 26 is provided on the outer side of the fixed tube 14 , and the protective cover 26 is fixedly installed to the bottom of the connecting plate 11 .

[0041] A filter screen 23 is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the air inlet hole 22 , and a one-way valve is installed in the inner cavity of both the air inlet hole 22 and the air outlet hole 24 .

[0042] By setting the protective cover 26, the components on the lower side of the connecting plate 11 can be shielded to prevent wine from flowing onto it. By setting the filter screen 23, the external gas sucked in by the air inlet 22 can be filtered to ensure the cleanliness of the gas and prevent contamination of the wine in the sealing cylinder 1. By setting the inner cavity one-way valves of the air inlet 22 and the exhaust hole 24, the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 19 can only inhale through the air inlet 22 and exhaust through the exhaust hole 24, and the gas cannot flow back, thereby playing the role of one-way air inlet and outlet.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the return spring 16 is in a compressed state in its initial state, and the ball 17 is tightly attached to the inner cavity of the adjacent groove 18 .

[0044] The inner cavity of the sleeve rod 7 and the insertion rod 9 are both non-circular in shape.

[0045] The distance between the bottom of the pressing plate 3 and the top of the sleeve rod 7 is smaller than the distance between the movable plate 21 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 19.

[0046] By compressing the reset spring 16 in its initial state, the ball 17 can be tightly attached to the inner cavity of the groove 18, so that the ball 17 can achieve a good impact effect. By setting the inner cavity of the sleeve rod 7 and the insertion rod 9 to be non-circular, the insertion rod 9 can drive the sleeve rod 7 to rotate without affecting the insertion rod 9 sliding up and down in the inner cavity of the sleeve rod 7.

[0047] Working principle: First, open the valve on the liquid inlet pipe 25, and then pour the health-preserving wine after fermentation into the sealing cylinder 1 through the liquid inlet pipe 25. After pouring, close the valve on the liquid inlet pipe 25, so that the sealing cylinder 1 is in a sealed state, and control the cylinder 5 to drive the pressure plate 3 to move downward through the protective frame 4. The pressure plate 3 will drive the movable plate 21 to move downward to squeeze the gas in the fixed cylinder 19 and discharge it to the lower side of the pressure plate 3 to achieve air replenishment. At this time, the pressure below the pressure plate 3 will be further increased. At the same time, the pressure plate 3 moves downward and the upper part will be in a negative pressure state. The connecting pipe 6 will generate suction to the bottom of the filter plate 2, and the wine will be quickly filtered. When the wine on the top of the filter plate 2 is completely filtered, The control cylinder 5 drives the pressure plate 3 to move upward, which will cause the lower side of the pressure plate 3 to be in a negative pressure state, and the upper side of the pressure plate 3 to be in a pressurized state. The pressure on the lower side of the filter plate 2 can be increased through the connecting pipe 6. At this time, the reverse clearing of the filter plate 2 is achieved, and the filtered impurities can also be cleaned after clearing. The control motor 10 drives the scraper 8 to rotate, which can scrape the impurities on the top of the filter plate 2. While the motor 10 is working, it will also drive the ball 17 to reciprocate and hit the inner cavity of the groove 18 to vibrate the filter plate 2, which can further improve the filtration efficiency of the wine and the clearing effect of the filter plate 2. The filtered wine will flow to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 1, and it can be taken out by opening the pipe on the bottom side of the sealing cylinder 1.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation, comprising a sealing cylinder (1), wherein a filter plate (2) is fixedly mounted in the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder (1); Its characteristics are: Also includes: A pressurized and clearing integrated component comprises a pressure plate (3) arranged on the upper side of the filter plate (2), the pressure plate (3) and the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder (1) are sealed and slidably installed, a protective frame (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the pressure plate (3), a cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing cylinder (1), the output end of the cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the protective frame (4), a connecting pipe (6) is fixedly installed between the top and the side wall of the sealing cylinder (1), both ends of the connecting pipe (6) are connected to the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder (1), the bottom end of the connecting pipe (6) is located on the lower side of the filter plate (2), and a rotating component is provided on the top of the filter plate (2).

2. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a sleeve rod (7) rotatably mounted on the top of the filter plate (2), an insert rod (9) is slidably mounted in the top of the sleeve rod (7), the insert rod (9) is rotatably mounted with the bottom of the pressure plate (3), a motor (10) is provided in the protective frame (4), the motor (10) is fixedly mounted on the top of the pressure plate (3), the output end of the motor (10) is fixedly mounted with the insert rod (9), scrapers (8) are evenly fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sleeve rod (7), each group of the scrapers (8) is arranged in contact with the top of the filter plate (2), and a liquid inlet pipe (25) is fixedly mounted on one side wall of the sealing cylinder (1).

3. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting plate (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter plate (2), a rotating rod (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve rod (7), the rotating rod (12) is rotatably installed with the filter plate (2) and the connecting plate (11), the bottom end of the rotating rod (12) is fixedly installed with a bottom plate (13), the top of the bottom plate (13) is fixedly installed with a fixed tube (14), a fixed block (15) is slidably installed in the top end of the fixed tube (14), a return spring (16) is fixedly installed between the fixed block (15) and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed tube (14), a ball (17) is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed block (15), and grooves (18) adapted to the ball (17) are evenly opened on the bottom of the connecting plate (11).

4. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixed cylinder (19) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the sealing cylinder (1), a movable plate (21) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder (19), a vertical pipe (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable plate (21), the bottom end of the vertical pipe (20) passes through the fixed cylinder (19), the sealing cylinder (1) and the pressure plate (3), the vertical pipe (20) is slidably installed with the sealing cylinder (1) and the fixed cylinder (19), and the vertical pipe (20) is fixedly installed with the pressure plate (3).

5. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet (22) is provided at the bottom of one side wall of the fixed cylinder (19), and an air exhaust hole (24) is provided at the top of one side wall of the vertical pipe (20).

6. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protective cover (26) is provided on the outside of the fixed tube (14), and the protective cover (26) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the connecting plate (11).

7. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter screen (23) is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the air inlet (22), and one-way valves are installed in the inner cavities of the air inlet (22) and the air outlet (24).

8. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset spring (16) is in a compressed state in its initial state, and the ball (17) is tightly attached to the inner cavity of the adjacent groove (18).

9. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the sleeve rod (7) and the insertion rod (9) are both non-circular in configuration.

10. The clarification device for health-promoting wine fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom of the pressure plate (3) and the top of the sleeve rod (7) is smaller than the distance between the movable plate (21) and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder (19).

Images