Water quality improver and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a water quality improver and a preparation method thereof. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of a microbial preparation, 10-15 parts of modified basalt powder and 3-5 parts of glucose, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the water quality improver, according to the method, montmorillonite powder, sodium alginate and a chitosan agent are added to construct a composite carrier, microorganisms are effectively embedded, basalt is modified, and the water quality improver is prepared. And calcium peroxide is loaded, so that the problem that the water quality improvement effect is poor due to the fact that microbial strains are difficult to survive, loss is serious and the release rate of calcium peroxide is uncontrollable is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water environment restoration, and in particular to a microorganism and modified basalt water quality improver and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A healthy aquaculture water ecosystem is essential for the survival and reproduction of aquatic products. During aquaculture, poor water quality in ponds and other aquaculture waters not only directly impacts the growth, development, and reproduction of aquatic products, but can even cause their death, resulting in significant economic losses and indirectly impacting human health. Therefore, addressing water quality issues in aquaculture waters has become a crucial requirement for developing a green, healthy, harmless, and efficient ecological aquaculture industry.

[0003] In the prior art, water quality improvers typically work by directly interacting with harmful substances in the water through physical, chemical, or biological means (e.g., redox reactions, adsorption, coagulation, and precipitation, or microbial absorption and decomposition) to remove harmful substances or reduce their concentration, thereby improving the water environment. However, in actual applications, it has been found that when microbial water quality improvers are directly added to water, there is a significant loss of free microbial strains, low survival rates, and difficulty forming a stable colony structure. Frequent additions are required, leading to increased aquaculture costs. Furthermore, when using microorganisms for water quality control, oxygenators are often used in conjunction with water quality improvers, as the germination and activation of microorganisms, particularly Bacillus, consume large amounts of dissolved oxygen in the water within a short period of time. However, chemical oxygenators (e.g., calcium peroxide) can cause a short-term surge in localized dissolved oxygen and drastic pH fluctuations, triggering stress reactions in aquatic products (e.g., fish, shrimp, and crabs). Furthermore, while their oxygenation effect is good, it is short-lived (no more than two days). During bottom sediment improvement and water quality control, multiple additions are often required to ensure effectiveness, resulting in poor water quality improvement and difficulty in fundamentally improving water quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a water quality improver that can effectively improve water quality, effectively remove organic matter and toxic and harmful reducing substances in water bodies, and is safe and environmentally friendly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water quality improver and a preparation method thereof. By adding montmorillonite powder to form a composite carrier with sodium alginate and chitosan to embed microorganisms, and modifying basalt to load calcium peroxide, the present invention solves the problem of poor water quality improvement effect caused by the difficulty of microbial strains to survive, severe loss, uncontrollable release rate of calcium peroxide, sudden increase in local dissolved oxygen and drastic pH fluctuations.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses a method for preparing a water quality improver, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, and dissolved in an 80°C water bath. After cooling, yeast solution, Bacillus subtilis solution, denitrifying bacteria solution, and nitrifying bacteria solution were added and mixed thoroughly to obtain solution A. Solution A was slowly dripped into 4% CaCl2, cross-linked for 24 hours, centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the microbial preparation.

[0006] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: taking basalt powder, adding it to an organic acid solution, acid-leaching for 3-4 hours, drying, calcining the dried basalt powder after acid leaching at 500-550°C, crushing the calcined basalt through a 300-mesh sieve, and dispersing the calcined basalt powder and nano-calcium peroxide simultaneously in an ethanol solution. After 1-2 hours, the supernatant is poured out, and the remaining solid mixture is transferred to a 60°C oven and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0007] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, uniformly mix 40-50 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 10-15 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 3-5 parts of glucose to prepare a water quality improver.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S1, solution A comprises, by mass percentage, 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% yeast solution, 9% Bacillus subtilis solution, 4.5% denitrifying bacteria, 4.5% nitrifying bacteria solution, and 66.5% water.

[0009] Furthermore, the bacterial content of the Bacillus subtilis liquid in step S1 is 10 11 ~10 12 CFU / mL, nitrifying bacteria liquid bacterial content 10 8 CFU / mL~10 9 CFU / mL, denitrifying bacteria liquid bacterial content 10 8 CFU / mL~10 9 CFU / mL, yeast culture liquid bacterial content of 10 7 CFU / mL~10 8 CFU / mL.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S2, the liquid-solid ratio of the basalt powder to the organic acid solution is (15-20):1 (ml / g), and the concentration of the organic acid solution is 1-3 mol / L.

[0011] Furthermore, the organic acid in step S2 is any one of malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid.

[0012] Furthermore, the calcination time in step S2 is 2 to 4 hours.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder in step S2 is (1-3): (10-15).

[0014] Furthermore, the nitrifying bacteria solution in step 1 is at least one of a nitrosobacterium solution, a nitrosococcus solution, a nitrosomonas solution, and a nitrosospirillum solution.

[0015] Furthermore, the yeast liquid in step 1 is at least one of beer yeast liquid and fat yeast liquid.

[0016] The invention also discloses a water quality improver, which is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In the process of modifying basalt, the present invention uses organic acid leaching to dissolve some minerals, naturally forming abundant pores and channels. After leaching, no washing is required and calcination is performed directly. The pores left by the unreacted organic acid due to high-temperature decomposition and volatilization further provide more attachment sites for the subsequent loading of nano-calcium peroxide. The modified basalt prepared by this process will produce Fe³⁺, Fe²⁺ and other ions during use. These ions combine with the hydroxyl radicals generated by calcium peroxide when it comes into contact with water to form hydroxides, which can serve as a continuously released flocculant. This structural design not only facilitates the slow release of calcium peroxide, but also exhibits excellent ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and COD removal effects.

[0018] (2) In the process of microbial immobilization, the present invention adds montmorillonite powder to form a composite carrier with sodium alginate and chitosan to embed the microorganisms, providing a carrier or residence for the microbial cells, avoiding the loss of the microbial cells, and improving the mechanical strength and mass transfer properties of the bacterial balls.

[0019] (3) The product of the present invention mainly uses high-density and high-activity Bacillus subtilis, combined with nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and yeast as microbial regulators, and is combined with basalt loaded with calcium peroxide and glucose. It can accelerate the circulation of pond materials, inhibit the increase in pH value of water bodies, change the chemical process of the formation of harmful ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, reduce the production of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide in the water layer and bottom sediment, improve the chemical oxygen demand of the pond bottom sludge, effectively solve the deterioration of water quality, and form a benign cycle of water conditions.

[0020] (4) The raw materials used in the water quality improver of the present invention are green and environmentally friendly, have no side effects on aquatic animals, and are easily available and easy to use. It provides a new way to purify aquaculture water bodies and has good social and economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, and devices used in the present invention are all commercially available products.

[0023] The water quality improver of the present invention forms a composite carrier with sodium alginate and chitosan by adding montmorillonite powder to embed microorganisms, and modifies basalt to load calcium peroxide to solve the problem of poor water quality improvement effect caused by the difficulty of microbial strains to survive, severe loss, uncontrollable release rate of calcium peroxide, resulting in a sudden increase in local dissolved oxygen and drastic pH fluctuations, which in turn trigger aquatic stress.

[0024] Specifically, in the present invention, in step S1, the particle size of the montmorillonite powder is 150 mesh to 300 mesh.

[0025] In step S1 , the chitosan agent is one of chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, xanthate chitosan, ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan, N-alkylated chitosan and succinyl chitosan.

[0026] In step S1, the yeast liquid is at least one of a beer yeast liquid and a fat yeast liquid.

[0027] In step S1, the nitrifying bacteria liquid is at least one of a nitrosobacter liquid, a nitrosococcus liquid, a nitrosomonas liquid, and a nitrosospirillum liquid.

[0028] In step S1, the denitrifying bacterial solution is a Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution.

[0029] In step S1, solution A comprises, by mass percentage, 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% carboxymethyl chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% yeast solution, 9% Bacillus subtilis solution, 4.5% denitrifying bacteria, 4.5% nitrifying bacteria solution, and 66.5% water.

[0030] In the present invention, in step S2, the mass content of SiO2 in the raw material basalt powder is 45% to 60%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 12% to 19%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 5% to 8%, the mass content of FeO is 3% to 5%, the mass content of K2O is 2% to 3.5%, the mass content of Na2O is 1.5% to 2%, the mass content of MgO is 3% to 7%, the mass content of CaO is 3.8% to 9%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 0.9% to 2%.

[0031] In step S2, the liquid-solid ratio of basalt powder (particle size 150-200 mesh) and organic acid solution is (15-20):1 (ml / g), and the concentration of the organic acid solution is 1-3 mol / L.

[0032] In step S2, the calcination temperature is controlled to be 500°C~550°C, and the calcination time is 2 to 4 hours. If the calcination temperature is too high, it may cause excessive sintering between the basalt powder particles, causing the originally formed pores to be blocked or closed, reducing the porosity; if the temperature is too low, it may not be completely removed, and the pores are easily blocked by residual substances.

[0033] In step S2, the organic acid is one of malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid.

[0034] In step S2, the nano calcium peroxide particle size is 80-100 nm. The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through examples: Example 1 Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, dissolved in a water bath at 80°C, cooled, and then added with brewer's yeast solution (10 7 CFU / mL), Bacillus subtilis liquid (10 11 CFU / mL), Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution (10 8 CFU / mL), nitrifying bacteria solution (10 8 CFU / mL) were thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A, which contained 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture medium, 9% Bacillus subtilis culture medium, 4.5% Pseudomonas stutzeri culture medium, 4.5% Nitrosporum sp. culture medium, and 66.5% water. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2. After cross-linking for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to produce the microbial preparation.

[0035] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: Take basalt powder, wherein the mass content of SiO2 is 60%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 12%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 5%, the mass content of FeO is 5%, the mass content of K2O is 3.5%, the mass content of Na2O is 1.5%, the mass content of MgO is 7%, the mass content of CaO is 5.1%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 0.9%. Add 1 mol / L malic acid solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 15:1, and acidify. The acid-leached and dried basalt powder was calcined at 500°C for 2 hours, and the calcined basalt was crushed through a 300-mesh sieve. The calcined basalt powder and calcium peroxide with a particle size of 80-100 nm were simultaneously dispersed into an ethanol solution at a stirring rate of 800 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. The mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder was 1:10. After 1 hour, the supernatant was discarded, and the remaining solid mixture was transferred to an oven at 60°C and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0036] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, 40 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 10 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 3 parts of glucose are mixed evenly to prepare a water quality improver.

[0037] Example 2 Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, succinyl chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, dissolved in a water bath at 80°C, cooled, and then added with adipose yeast solution (10 8 CFU / mL), Bacillus subtilis liquid (10 12 CFU / mL), Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution (10 9 CFU / mL), Nitrococcus bacterial solution (10 9 CFU / mL) were thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A, which contained 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% succinyl chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% liposomal yeast suspension, 9% Bacillus subtilis suspension, 4.5% Pseudomonas stutzeri suspension, 4.5% Nitrococcus suspension, and 66.5% water. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2. After cross-linking for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to produce the microbial preparation.

[0038] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: Take basalt powder, wherein the mass content of SiO2 is 59.4%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 18%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 8%, the mass content of FeO is 3%, the mass content of K2O is 2%, the mass content of Na2O is 1.8%, the mass content of MgO is 3%, the mass content of CaO is 3.8%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 1%. The mixture is added to a 3 mol / m formic acid solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 20:1 and acid-leached for 3 h, dried at 120°C, the basalt powder dried after acid leaching was calcined at 550°C for 2h, the calcined basalt was crushed through a 300-mesh sieve, and the calcined basalt powder and calcium peroxide with a particle size of 80-100nm were simultaneously dispersed in an ethanol solution at a stirring rate of 800rpm using a magnetic stirrer. The mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder was 1:15. After 2 hours, the supernatant was poured out, and the remaining solid mixture was transferred to an oven at 60°C and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0039] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, 50 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 15 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 5 parts of glucose are mixed evenly to prepare a water quality improver.

[0040] Example 3 Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, carboxymethyl chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed and placed in deionized water, dissolved in a water bath at 80°C, and then cooled and added with adipose yeast solution (10 7 CFU / mL), Bacillus subtilis liquid (10 12 CFU / mL), Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution (10 8 CFU / mL), Nitrosomonas bacterial solution (10 9 CFU / mL) were thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A, which contained 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% carboxymethyl chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% liposomal yeast suspension, 9% Bacillus subtilis suspension, 4.5% Pseudomonas stutzeri suspension, 4.5% Nitrosomonas suspension, and 66.5% water. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2. After cross-linking for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to produce the microbial preparation.

[0041] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: Take basalt powder, wherein the mass content of SiO2 is 45%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 19%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 8%, the mass content of FeO is 5%, the mass content of K2O is 3%, the mass content of Na2O is 2%, the mass content of MgO is 7%, the mass content of CaO is 9%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 2%. Add 1 mol / L citric acid solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 20:1, acid leaching for 4 hours, and The basalt powder was dried at 120°C, and the acid-leached and dried basalt powder was calcined at 550°C for 3 hours. The calcined basalt was crushed through a 300-mesh sieve. The calcined basalt powder and calcium peroxide with a particle size of 80-100 nm were simultaneously dispersed in an ethanol solution at a stirring rate of 800 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. The mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder was 3:10. After 1.5 hours, the supernatant was poured off, and the remaining solid mixture was transferred to an oven at 60°C and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0042] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, 45 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 12 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 4 parts of glucose were mixed evenly to prepare a water quality improver.

[0043] Example 4 Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, ethyl acrylate grafted chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, dissolved in a water bath at 80°C, cooled, and then added with adipose yeast solution (10 8 CFU / mL), Bacillus subtilis liquid (10 11 CFU / mL), Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution (10 8 CFU / mL), Nitrosospira liquid (10 9 CFU / mL) were thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A, which contained 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% ethyl acrylate-grafted chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% yeast culture medium, 9% Bacillus subtilis culture medium, 4.5% Pseudomonas stutzeri culture medium, 4.5% Nitrosospirillum culture medium, and 66.5% water. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2. After cross-linking for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to produce the microbial preparation.

[0044] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: Take basalt powder, wherein the mass content of SiO2 is 52.6%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 16%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 7%, the mass content of FeO is 4.2%, the mass content of K2O is 2.5%, the mass content of Na2O is 1.7%, the mass content of MgO is 6.5%, the mass content of CaO is 8%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 1.5%. The mixture is added to a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 18:1. The acid-leached basalt powder was dried at 120°C for 3 hours, and the acid-leached and dried basalt powder was calcined at 550°C for 2 hours. The calcined basalt was crushed through a 300-mesh sieve. The calcined basalt powder and calcium peroxide with a particle size of 80-100 nm were simultaneously dispersed in an ethanol solution at a stirring rate of 800 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. The mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder was 2:10. After 1.5 hours, the supernatant was poured off, and the remaining solid mixture was transferred to an oven at 60°C and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0045] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, 45 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 12 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 4 parts of glucose were mixed evenly to prepare a water quality improver.

[0046] Example 5 Step S1. Preparation of microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, dissolved in a water bath at 80°C, cooled, and then added with brewer's yeast solution (10 7 CFU / mL), Bacillus subtilis liquid (10 12 CFU / mL), Pseudomonas stutzeri bacterial solution (10 9 CFU / mL), Nitrosospira liquid (10 8 CFU / mL) were thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A, which contained 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture medium, 9% Bacillus subtilis culture medium, 4.5% Pseudomonas stutzeri culture medium, 4.5% Nitrosospira culture medium, and 66.5% water. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2. After cross-linking for 24 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to produce the microbial preparation.

[0047] Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: Take basalt powder, wherein the mass content of SiO2 is 56.5%, the mass content of Al2O3 is 14.5%, the mass content of Fe2O3 is 6%, the mass content of FeO is 4%, the mass content of K2O is 3%, the mass content of Na2O is 2%, the mass content of MgO is 5.2%, the mass content of CaO is 7%, and the mass content of TiO2 is 1.8%. Add 1 mol / L propionic acid solution at a liquid-solid ratio of 15:1, and acidify The acid-leached and dried basalt powder was calcined at 500°C for 4 hours, and the calcined basalt was crushed through a 300-mesh sieve. The calcined basalt powder and calcium peroxide with a particle size of 80-100 nm were simultaneously dispersed into an ethanol solution at a stirring rate of 800 rpm using a magnetic stirrer. The mass ratio of calcium peroxide to calcined basalt powder was 2:15. After 1 hour, the supernatant was discarded, and the remaining solid mixture was transferred to an oven at 60°C and dried to obtain modified basalt powder.

[0048] Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, 40 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 10 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 3 parts of glucose are mixed evenly to prepare a water quality improver.

[0049] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 3, no montmorillonite powder was added in step 1, and the rest was the same as Example 3.

[0050] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 3, in step 2, the basalt is not subjected to acid modification and calcination steps, and the rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0051] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 3, glucose was not added in step 3, and the rest was the same as Example 3.

[0052] Experimental example: The purification effect of the water quality improvers obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 on simulated aquaculture water was studied. The experimental water and sludge were collected from wastewater from a certain aquaculture pond. The DO value of the control group was 2.4 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen was 2.5 mg / L, nitrate was 0.8 mg / L, nitrite was 0.6 mg / L, hydrogen sulfide was 2.5 mg / L, transparency was 7 cm, pH was 8.7, and COD value was 106 mg / L. Set up research groups 1-8 and a control group (no water quality improver), the research groups respectively use the water quality improvers of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3, the dosage is 5g / L, each group is tested in parallel 3 times, the treatment volume is 500L per group each time, the test lasts for 15 days, and the physical and chemical indicators of the treated water are detected on the 1st day, 5th day, 10th day and 15th day respectively. The dissolved oxygen determination method refers to "HJ 506-2009 Water Quality Determination of Dissolved Oxygen Electrochemical Probe Method", the water body ammonia nitrogen determination method refers to "HJ 535-2009 Water Quality Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen Nessler Reagent Spectrophotometric Method", the water body nitrate determination method refers to "GB / T 7480-1987 Water Quality Determination of Nitrate Nitrogen by Phenoldisulfonic Acid Spectrophotometric Method", the water body nitrite determination method refers to "GB / T 7493-1987 Water Quality - Determination of Nitrite Nitrogen - Spectrophotometric Method", the determination method of hydrogen sulfide in water body refers to "HJ1226-2021 Methylene Blue Spectrophotometric Method", the water transparency test method adopts the conventional Secchi disk method in this field, the water pH is determined by commercially available pH test paper, and the COD determination method refers to "HJ 828-2017 Potassium Dichromate Method". The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0053] Table 1 Changes in water quality before and after adding water quality improver According to the test results, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, and COD (organic matter content) decreased significantly with treatment time. After 15 days, ammonia nitrogen dropped to 0.1-0.3 mg / L (from an initial 2.5 mg / L in the control group), nitrite dropped to 0.01-0.1 mg / L (from an initial 0.6 mg / L in the control group), and COD dropped to 11-16 mg / L (from an initial 106 mg / L in the control group). The purification efficiency is significant, indicating that the water purification effect of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly better than that of the control group. Dissolved oxygen (DO) increased from an initial 2.4 mg / L to 7.2-7.6 mg / L, transparency increased from 7 cm to 20.8-22.1 cm, and pH shifted from an alkaline 8.7 to a neutral 7.3-7.5, making it more suitable for aquatic life.

[0054] The purification effect of Comparative Example 1 was significantly inferior to that of Example 3. After 15 days, ammonia nitrogen levels were 1.0 mg / L (compared to 0.2 mg / L in Example 3), nitrite levels were 0.2 mg / L (compared to 0.01 mg / L in Example 3), and COD levels were 24 mg / L (compared to 11 mg / L in Example 3). This indicates that the use of montmorillonite powder, sodium alginate, and chitosan to form a composite carrier for microbial encapsulation provides a carrier or home for the microbial cells, improving the mechanical strength and mass transfer properties of the pellets.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 showed weaker results than Example 3. After 15 days, ammonia nitrogen levels were 0.4 mg / L (compared to 0.2 mg / L in Example 3), hydrogen sulfide levels were 1.6 mg / L (compared to 0.1 mg / L in Example 3), and transparency was 14.8 cm (compared to 21.8 cm in Example 3). This suggests that acid leaching can increase the porosity and surface activity of basalt powder, enhancing its adsorption capacity for pollutants. Furthermore, by calcining the basalt directly without washing after organic acid leaching, and using calcium peroxide to load the basalt, this structural design not only facilitates the slow release of calcium peroxide but also generates iron ions during use. These ions combine with hydroxyl radicals generated by calcium peroxide upon contact with water to produce ferric hydroxide, which acts as a continuously released flocculant, further enhancing its synergistic purification effect with microorganisms.

[0056] The purification effect of Comparative Example 3 is weaker than that of Example 3. Glucose, as a carbon source, can accelerate the reproduction and metabolism of microorganisms (such as Bacillus subtilis, nitrifying bacteria, etc.), and improve their efficiency in decomposing organic matter and nitrogen and sulfur pollutants.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a water quality improver, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. Preparation of a microbial preparation: Sodium alginate, chitosan, and montmorillonite powder were weighed, placed in deionized water, and dissolved in an 80°C water bath. After cooling, yeast culture, Bacillus subtilis culture, denitrifying bacteria culture, and nitrifying bacteria culture were added and thoroughly mixed to obtain Solution A. Solution A was slowly added dropwise to 4% CaCl2, cross-linked for 24 hours, and then centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain a microbial preparation. Step S2. Preparation of modified basalt powder: basalt powder is added to an organic acid solution, acid-leached for 3-4 hours, and dried. The acid-leached and dried basalt powder is calcined at 500-550°C, the calcined basalt is crushed through a 300-mesh sieve, and the calcined basalt powder and nano-calcium peroxide are simultaneously dispersed in an ethanol solution. After 1-2 hours, the supernatant is discarded, and the remaining solid mixture is transferred to a 60°C oven and dried to obtain modified basalt powder. Step S3. Preparation of a water quality improver: by weight, uniformly mix 40-50 parts of the microbial preparation described in step 1, 10-15 parts of the modified basalt powder described in step 2, and 3-5 parts of glucose to prepare a water quality improver.

2. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, solution A comprises, by mass percentage, 5% sodium alginate, 3.0% chitosan, 3% montmorillonite powder, 4.5% yeast solution, 9% Bacillus subtilis solution, 4.5% denitrifying bacteria, 4.5% nitrifying bacteria solution, and 66.5% water.

3. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The bacterial content of the Bacillus subtilis liquid in step S1 is 10 11 ~10 12 CFU / mL, nitrifying bacteria liquid bacterial content 10 8 CFU / mL~10 9 CFU / mL, denitrifying bacteria liquid bacterial content 10 8 CFU / mL~10 9 CFU / mL, yeast culture liquid bacterial content of 10 7 CFU / mL~10 8 CFU / mL.

4. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: In step 2, the liquid-to-solid ratio of the basalt powder to the organic acid solution is (15-20):1 (ml / g), and the concentration of the organic acid solution is 1-3 mol / L.

5. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The organic acid in step S2 is any one of malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid.

6. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The calcination time in step S2 is 2 to 4 hours.

7. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the calcium peroxide to the calcined basalt powder in step S2 is (1-3): (10-15).

8. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The nitrifying bacteria liquid in step 1 is at least one of a nitrosobacter liquid, a nitrosococcus liquid, a nitrosomonas liquid, and a nitrosospirillum liquid.

9. The method for preparing a water quality improver according to claim 1, wherein: The yeast liquid in step 1 is at least one of beer yeast liquid and fat yeast liquid.

10. A water quality improver, characterized in that: The water quality improver is prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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