Tunneling blasting auxiliary hole distribution equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blasting hole arrangement, in particular to auxiliary hole arrangement equipment and method for tunneling blasting. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a rock stratum and a pneumatic drill, a pair of supporting frames are arranged at the bottom of the pneumatic drill, and the device further comprises sliding rails fixedly installed in the middles of the supporting frames. Through cooperation of the supporting frame, the sliding rail, the motor, the air cylinder and other structures, when the device is used, the device can be pushed to move through the push-and-pull handrail and the universal pulleys, manual carrying is not needed, and the problem that a pneumatic drill is low in moving efficiency is solved; then the motor drives the screw rod to drive the bottom plate to descend to abut against the ground, and equipment is stably fixed; then the angle of the pneumatic drill is adjusted by means of a rotating rod, a rotating clamping seat and a rotating clamping groove, the influence of air pressure fluctuation on the angle is eliminated, and angle consistency is guaranteed; and finally, the height of the pneumatic drill is adjusted through an air cylinder, a sliding rail is matched with a roller to adjust the horizontal position, the drilling depth of the drill rod is controlled according to length marks, and the problems of height limitation and inaccurate drilling depth during operation are effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blasting hole arrangement, and in particular to a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the development, mining, and preparation processes of underground metal and non-metal mines in my country, rock drilling and blasting are commonly used to construct tunnels in order to build the transportation, drainage, and communication systems required for mining. This method requires blasthole layout design based on the cross-sectional shape and size of the tunnel and the characteristics of the explosives, and is applicable to the construction of tunnel sections. Among them, hand drills are often used as drilling equipment. However, hand drills are drilling equipment that must be moved manually. Due to their heavy weight, it takes a long time to move from one drilling point to the next, which is inefficient. In addition, the rotation relies on air pressure power and is easily affected by air pressure fluctuations, resulting in poor consistency in the manual grip angle. Finally, the lifting and lowering are controlled by arms, which has a limited height range and is prone to shaking during lifting, resulting in inaccurate drilling depth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology and to provide a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device and method.

[0004] On the one hand, the present application provides an auxiliary hole-laying equipment for excavation and blasting, including a rock formation and a hand drill, a pair of support frames being provided at the bottom of the hand drill, and further comprising: a slide rail fixedly installed in the middle of the support frame, a card slot being provided inside the slide rail, a support sleeve, a telescopic support cylinder and a base plate assembly being sequentially provided at the bottom of the hand drill, the base plate assembly being slidably engaged with the card slot; a cylinder being located in the telescopic support cylinder for driving the hand drill to move up and down, the top of the support sleeve being movably connected to the bottom of the hand drill; a support leg mechanism being provided in the middle of the pair of support frames, and a lifting mechanism being provided on the lower surface of the middle part of the slide rail for driving the support legs to move up and down.

[0005] Optionally, the leg mechanism includes a platform located in the middle of a pair of support frames, the lower surface of the platform is fixedly connected to a plurality of support rods that movably pass through the ends of the support frames, the bottom ends of the support rods are fixedly connected to a base plate, and universal pulleys are provided on the lower surfaces of both ends of the support frames, and a pair of push-pull handrails are also fixedly connected to the outer walls of one of the support frames.

[0006] Optionally, the lifting mechanism includes a U-shaped bracket located on the lower surface of the middle part of the slide rail, both ends of the U-shaped bracket are movable through the platform and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the slide rail, the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected to a motor, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a screw rod spirally connected to the platform, the end of the screw rod away from the motor is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the slide rail, and the upper surface of the slide rail is provided with a length mark.

[0007] Optionally, a rotating rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hand drill, a rotating base is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod, and a rotating slot for the rotating base to rotate is provided inside the supporting sleeve.

[0008] Optionally, the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve, and the end of the cylinder away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic support tube.

[0009] Optionally, the lower surface of the base plate assembly is fixedly connected to a sliding base that is inserted into the slot, the outer wall of the sliding base is fixedly connected to a plurality of U-shaped seats, and the inside of the U-shaped seats are rotatably connected to rollers that press against the bottom wall of the slot.

[0010] Optionally, a pair of limit blocks for clamping the platform are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped bracket, a drill rod is installed at one end of the hand drill, and a pair of handles are provided at the other end of the hand drill.

[0011] Optionally, a first blasthole mechanism and a second blasthole mechanism are provided on the rock formation, and the second blasthole mechanism is provided with a plurality of first blastholes, second blastholes, third blastholes and fourth blastholes.

[0012] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for using a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device, which is applied to a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. First, when moving and positioning the equipment, use the push-pull handrail and universal pulley to push the equipment to the vicinity of the target hole layout point;

[0014] S2. Immediately fix the equipment, start the motor to drive the screw rod, drive the platform and bottom plate to drop to the ground, and use the limit block to stabilize it;

[0015] S3. When adjusting the rock drilling angle, the hand drill is adjusted to the designed rock drilling angle by rotating the rod, rotating the slot and rotating the holder;

[0016] S4. Then, when the drilling height and horizontal position need to be adjusted, it is only necessary to start the cylinder to drive the hand drill to adjust the height up and down, and the slide rail and roller cooperate to achieve the horizontal position adjustment;

[0017] S5. Finally, refer to the length mark to control the drilling depth, start the hand drill to complete the first blast hole mechanism and the second blast hole mechanism.

[0018] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] The present invention utilizes the coordination of structures such as a support frame, a slide rail, a motor, and a cylinder. When the equipment is in use, the equipment can be pushed to move by pushing and pulling the handrail and the universal pulley, without the need for manual handling, thereby solving the problem of inefficient movement of the hand drill; then the motor drives the spiral rod to drive the bottom plate to descend against the ground, thereby firmly fixing the equipment; then the hand drill adjusts the angle with the help of a rotating rod, a rotating base, and a rotating slot, thereby getting rid of the influence of air pressure fluctuations on the angle and ensuring angle consistency; finally, the height of the hand drill is adjusted by the cylinder, and the slide rail and the roller cooperate to adjust the horizontal position, and then the drilling depth of the drill rod is controlled with reference to the length mark, thereby effectively avoiding the problems of height limitation and inaccurate drilling depth during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device and method according to the present invention is provided;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the split structure;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the midsole plate assembly;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first blast hole mechanism and the second blast hole mechanism.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1. Support frame; 11. Slide rail; 12. Slot; 13. U-shaped bracket; 14. Limit block; 15. Motor; 16. Screw rod; 17. Universal pulley; 18. Push-pull handrail; 101. Length mark; 2. Platform; 21. Support rod; 22. Base plate; 3. Hand drill; 31. Rotating rod; 32. Rotating clamp; 33. Drill rod; 34. Handle; 4. Support sleeve; 41. Rotating slot; 5. Telescopic support cylinder; 51. Cylinder; 6. Base plate assembly; 61. Sliding base; 62. U-shaped seat; 63. Roller; 78. Rock layer; 7. First blast hole mechanism; 8. Second blast hole mechanism; 81. First blast hole; 82. Second blast hole; 83. Third blast hole; 84. Fourth blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention.

[0028] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] Example

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention proposes an auxiliary hole-laying equipment for excavation and blasting, including a rock layer 78 and a hand drill 3, a first blast hole mechanism 7 and a second blast hole mechanism 8 are provided on the rock layer 78, and a plurality of first blast holes 81, second blast holes 82, third blast holes 83 and fourth blast holes 84 are provided on the second blast hole mechanism 8, a pair of support frames 1 are provided at the bottom of the hand drill 3, a drill rod 33 is installed at one end of the hand drill 3, and a pair of handles 34 are provided at the other end of the hand drill 3, a rotating rod 31 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hand drill 3, and a rotating clamping seat 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 31, and a rotating clamping slot 41 for rotating the rotating clamping seat 32 is provided inside the support sleeve 4, a slide rail 11 is fixedly installed in the middle of the support frame 1, and a clamping slot 12 is provided inside the slide rail 11, and the clamping slot 12 accommodates the sliding base 61 and the roller 63 of the base plate assembly 6, limits its moving trajectory, and ensures the stable horizontal adjustment of the hand drill 3. The bottom of the hand drill 3 is sequentially equipped with a support sleeve 4, a telescopic support sleeve 5, and a base plate assembly 6. The base plate assembly 6 is slidably engaged with a slot 12. Inside the telescopic support sleeve 5 is a cylinder 51 that drives the hand drill 3 up and down. By telescoping, the cylinder 51 moves the support sleeve 4 and the hand drill 3 up and down, adjusting the drilling height. The piston rod of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve 4. The end of the cylinder 51 away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic support sleeve 5. The top of the support sleeve 4 is flexibly connected to the bottom of the hand drill 3.

[0034] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, there are 31 first blasthole mechanisms 7, which are compensation holes with a diameter of 75±5mm and a drilling depth of 2.3m. They provide a free surface for rock drilling and blasting. There are 33 second blasthole mechanisms 8, which are charging holes with a diameter of 40±5mm and a drilling depth of 2.1m. They provide space for charging during rock drilling and blasting. There are 12 first blastholes 81, 13 second blastholes 82, four third blastholes 83, and four fourth blastholes 84. The first, second, third, and fourth blastholes 81, 82, 83, and 84 are all drilled in the rock stratum 78. During construction, the compensation holes are drilled first, followed by the charging holes. Millisecond-delay detonators are placed at the bottom of the blasthole, followed by a 2m filling with φ40 emulsion explosives. The blasthole mouth is then plugged with mud. The millisecond-delay detonator detonates the emulsion explosives, controlling the delay to achieve micro-delay blasting, allowing each excavation to reach a length of 2.1m. This hole layout method, through the cross-layout of blastholes of different diameters, fully utilizes the blasting capacity of explosives without increasing the number of holes or labor costs, significantly reducing explosive consumption per unit of excavation.

[0035] Secondly, if Figures 1 to 3As shown, a pair of support frames 1 are provided with a support leg mechanism in the middle part, and the support leg mechanism includes a platform 2 located in the middle part of the pair of support frames 1, and a plurality of support rods 21 that are movable and pass through the ends of the support frames 1 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform 2, and the bottom ends of the support rods 21 are fixedly connected to the bottom plates 22, and universal pulleys 17 are provided on the lower surfaces of both ends of the support frames 1, and a pair of push-pull handrails 18 are also fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the support frames 1, and the push-pull handrails 18 are for the operator to hold and cooperate with the universal pulley 17 to push the equipment to move.

[0036] In addition, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the lower surface of the middle portion of the slide rail 11 is provided with a lifting mechanism that drives the legs to move up and down. The lifting mechanism includes a U-shaped bracket 13 located on the lower surface of the middle portion of the slide rail 11. A pair of limit blocks 14 that clamp the platform 2 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped bracket 13. The limit blocks 14 limit the downward movement of the platform 2. Both ends of the U-shaped bracket 13 are movable through the platform 2 and are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the slide rail 11. A motor 15 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped bracket 13. The output shaft of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to a screw rod 16 that is screwed to the platform 2. The end of the screw rod 16 that is away from the motor 15 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the slide rail 11. The upper surface of the slide rail 11 is provided with a length mark 101. The length mark 101 provides a reference for the rock drilling depth and helps control the drilling depth of the drill rod 33.

[0037] It is worth noting that if Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the lower surface of the base plate assembly 6 is fixedly connected to a sliding base 61 that is inserted into the slot 12, and the outer wall of the sliding base 61 is fixedly connected to a plurality of U-shaped seats 62. The interior of the U-shaped seats 62 is rotatably connected to rollers 63 that rest against the bottom wall of the slot 12. The rollers 63 roll in the slot 12 to reduce the movement resistance of the base plate assembly 6 and realize flexible horizontal adjustment of the hand drill 3.

[0038] This application provides a method for using a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0039] S1. First, when moving and positioning the equipment, use the push-pull handrail 18 and the universal pulley 17 to push the equipment to the vicinity of the target hole arrangement point;

[0040] S2. Then fix the equipment and start the motor 15 to drive the screw rod 16, which drives the platform 2 and the bottom plate 22 to descend to the ground and stabilize them with the limit block 14;

[0041] S3, when adjusting the rock drilling angle, the hand drill 3 is adjusted to the designed rock drilling angle by rotating the rod 31, rotating the slot 41 and rotating the holder 32;

[0042] S4. Subsequently, when the drilling height and horizontal position need to be adjusted, it is only necessary to start the cylinder 51 to drive the hand drill 3 to adjust the height up and down, and the slide rail 11 and the roller 63 cooperate to achieve the horizontal position adjustment;

[0043] S5. Finally, the drilling depth is controlled by referring to the length mark 101 and the hand drill 3 is started to complete the hole arrangement of the first blast hole mechanism 7 and the second blast hole mechanism 8.

[0044] In this embodiment, when using the tunneling and blasting auxiliary hole-laying equipment, the equipment can be pushed by pushing and pulling the handrail 18, and the overall flexible movement is achieved with the help of the universal pulley 17 at the bottom of the support frame 1. After reaching the hole-laying point, the motor 15 drives the screw rod 16 to rotate, driving the platform 2 and the support rod 21 and the bottom plate 22 under the U-shaped bracket 13 to descend, and the bottom plate 22 contacts the ground and cooperates with the limit block 14 to stabilize the equipment.

[0045] Subsequently, the hand drill 3 rotates in the rotating slot 41 of the support sleeve 4 through the bottom rotating rod 31, and the rock drilling angle is adjusted in combination with the rotating clamping seat 32; the cylinder 51 in the telescopic support tube 5 is extended and retracted, driving the support sleeve 4 and the hand drill 3 to move up and down, and at the same time, the slot 12 of the slide rail 11 cooperates with the sliding base 61 and the roller 63 of the base plate assembly 6 to realize the horizontal movement of the hand drill 3. During the process, the rock drilling depth is controlled by the length mark 101.

[0046] After completing a hole position, reverse the operation of the cylinder 51 and the sliding base 61, combine the universal pulley 17 to move the equipment, repeat the above steps to carry out the next hole arrangement, and improve the hole arrangement accuracy and efficiency through the coordination of components throughout the process. The positions of the first blast hole 81, the second blast hole 82, the third blast hole 83 and the fourth blast hole 84 on the rock layer 78 are all opened by Figure 5 The middle dotted lines connect the corresponding ones.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention described above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device, comprising a rock layer (78) and a hand drill (3), wherein a pair of support frames (1) are provided at the bottom of the hand drill (3), characterized in that: Also includes: A slide rail (11) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the support frame (1), a card slot (12) is provided inside the slide rail (11), a support sleeve (4), a telescopic support cylinder (5) and a base plate assembly (6) are sequentially provided at the bottom of the hand drill (3), and the base plate assembly (6) is slidably engaged with the card slot (12); A cylinder (51) is located in the telescopic support tube (5) and drives the hand drill (3) to move up and down. The top of the support sleeve (4) is movably connected to the bottom of the hand drill (3); The leg mechanism is arranged in the middle of the pair of support frames (1), and the lower surface of the middle of the slide rail (11) is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the legs to move up and down.

2. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leg support mechanism comprises a platform (2) located in the middle of a pair of support frames (1); a plurality of support rods (21) movably passing through the ends of the support frames (1) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the platform (2); the bottom ends of the support rods (21) are fixedly connected to a bottom plate (22); universal pulleys (17) are provided on the lower surfaces of both ends of the support frames (1); and a pair of push-pull handrails (18) are also fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the support frames (1).

3. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a U-shaped bracket (13) located on the lower surface of the middle part of the slide rail (11), both ends of the U-shaped bracket (13) are movably passed through the platform (2) and are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the slide rail (11), the inner bottom wall of the U-shaped bracket (13) is fixedly connected to a motor (15), the output shaft of the motor (15) is fixedly connected to a screw rod (16) that is spirally connected to the platform (2), the end of the screw rod (16) away from the motor (15) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the slide rail (11), and the upper surface of the slide rail (11) is provided with a length mark (101).

4. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the hand drill (3) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (31), the bottom end of the rotating rod (31) is fixedly connected to a rotating clamping seat (32), and a rotating clamping slot (41) for the rotating clamping seat (32) to rotate is provided inside the supporting sleeve (4).

5. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston rod of the cylinder (51) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support sleeve (4), and the end of the cylinder (51) away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the telescopic support tube (5).

6. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the base plate assembly (6) is fixedly connected to a sliding base (61) that is inserted into the card slot (12); the outer wall of the sliding base (61) is fixedly connected to a plurality of U-shaped seats (62); and the interiors of the U-shaped seats (62) are all rotatably connected to rollers (63) that abut against the inner bottom wall of the card slot (12).

7. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pair of limit blocks (14) for clamping the platform (2) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped bracket (13); a drill rod (33) is installed at one end of the hand drill (3); and a pair of handles (34) are provided at the other end of the hand drill (3).

8. The tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first blasthole mechanism (7) and a second blasthole mechanism (8) are provided on the rock layer (78); the second blasthole mechanism (8) is provided with a plurality of first blastholes (81), second blastholes (82), third blastholes (83) and fourth blastholes (84).

9. A method for using a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device, applied to a tunneling blasting auxiliary hole arrangement device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, when moving and positioning the equipment, use the push-pull handrail (18) and the universal pulley (17) to push the equipment to the vicinity of the target hole arrangement point; S2, then fix the equipment, start the motor (15) to drive the screw rod (16), drive the platform (2) and the bottom plate (22) to descend and touch the ground, and cooperate with the limit block (14) to stabilize; S3, when adjusting the rock drilling angle, the hand drill (3) is adjusted to the designed rock drilling angle by rotating the rod (31), rotating the clamping slot (41) and rotating the clamping seat (32); S4. Subsequently, when the rock drilling height and horizontal position need to be adjusted, it is only necessary to start the cylinder (51) to drive the hand drill (3) to adjust the height up and down, and the slide rail (11) and the roller (63) cooperate to achieve the horizontal position adjustment; S5. Finally, the drilling depth is controlled by referring to the length mark (101), and the hand drill (3) is started to complete the hole arrangement of the first blast hole mechanism (7) and the second blast hole mechanism (8).

Images