Temporary arch frame base plate supporting system and method for tunnel stress compensation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel arch center supporting, and provides a tunnel stress compensation temporary arch center base plate supporting system which comprises a tunnel steel frame arch springing self-balancing assembly and a tunnel steel frame arch springing self-balancing assembly, the tunnel steel frame arch springing self-balancing assembly comprises an upper base plate and a lower base plate, the upper side of the upper base plate is used for making contact with a steel frame arch springing, and the lower side of the lower base plate is used for making contact with the tunnel ground; the top stabilizing platform is arranged in the center of the bottom of the upper base plate and used for keeping the upper base plate horizontal, the supporting frame is arranged at the bottom of the upper base plate, the lower end of the supporting frame is movably connected with the lower base plate, and the upper base plate and the lower base plate are connected through the stress compensation supporting assembly; the upper base plate and the lower base plate are each provided with a stress sensing assembly, and the supporting frame is provided with a stress monitoring and early warning assembly. The steel frame supporting device can adapt to steel frame supporting of various ground conditions in a tunnel, and the supporting stability is improved; the supporting condition can be monitored in real time, compensation supporting and real-time feedback early warning are carried out, and the safety of tunnel construction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel arch support, and in particular to a tunnel compensating stress temporary arch pad support system and method. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel construction period, there are generally large amounts of gravel, slag and uneven ground in the tunnel. The arch feet of the steel arch frames used for initial support after tunnel excavation generally have problems such as unstable bottom support points and difficulty in temporarily lowering the arch frames to form an arch. This may further lead to insufficient overall bearing capacity of the arch frames, failure of initial upper support, and even landslides and roof collapses, posing a major safety hazard. The unstable force at the bottom of the arch frames will also cause the arch feet of the arch frames to sink, making it difficult to connect with the bottom arch frames and form a ring.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a tunnel compensating stress temporary arch pad support system is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention develops a tunnel compensating stress-bearing temporary arch frame pad support system and method. The invention can adapt to the steel frame support of various ground conditions in the tunnel, improve the stability of the support, and can monitor the support status in real time, and compensate the support in time when collapse and deformation occur. At the same time, the support status of the upper steel frame is monitored and real-time feedback and early warning are provided, thereby improving the safety of tunnel construction.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A tunnel compensating force temporary arch frame pad support system includes: a tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing component, including an upper pad and a lower pad, the upper side of the upper pad is used to contact the steel frame arch foot, and the lower side of the lower pad is used to contact the tunnel ground, a pre-tightening anti-skid component is provided on the upper side of the upper pad, which is used to contact the steel frame arch foot and limit it, a gyroscopic stabilization platform is provided at the bottom center of the upper pad, which is used to maintain the level of the upper pad, a support frame is provided at the bottom of the upper pad, the lower end of the support frame is movably connected to the lower pad, and the upper pad and the lower pad are connected by a force compensation support component; force sensing components are provided on both the upper pad and the lower pad, and a force monitoring and early warning component is provided on the support frame.

[0006] Preferably, the tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly also includes an electronic level, and both the upper pad and the lower pad are provided with an electronic level for sensing the horizontality of the upper pad and the lower pad.

[0007] Preferably, the pre-tightening anti-slip assembly includes a seat and an elastic member, a groove is provided on the upper side of the upper pad, the cross section of the groove is in an inverted T shape, the groove is arranged in a cross shape, and a seat is slidably arranged in the groove along its length direction, and the cross section of the seat is I-shaped, and the seat cannot move up and down in the groove, one side of the seat is connected to one end of the groove by an elastic member, and the elastic member makes the seat tend to approach each other, and a wedge-shaped protrusion is provided on the side of the top of the seat close to each other, the wedge-shaped protrusion is used to engage with the arch foot of the steel frame, and an upper tooth is provided at the bottom of the seat, and a card is set to slide up and down at the bottom of the groove, and a lower tooth is provided on the upper side of the card plate, and the lower tooth is used to engage with the upper tooth to prevent the seats from moving away from each other, and a pulling handle is set on the lower side of the card plate through the groove, and the sliding direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the card plate, and the lower side of the card plate is connected to the bottom of the groove by a lower spring, and the lower spring is used to lift the card plate, and the up and down sliding distance of the card plate is greater than the length of the engagement between the lower tooth and the upper tooth.

[0008] Preferably, a stabilizing frame is provided on the lower side of the upper pad, and the stabilizing frame is connected to the bottom of the gyro-stabilized platform to assist in supporting the gyro-stabilized platform.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes a support column and a support platform. The support column is arranged on the lower side of the upper pad, and the lower end of the support column is connected to the support platform. The support platform is located below the stabilizing frame. A connecting seat is arranged at the bottom of the support platform, and a main connecting ball head is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat. The main connecting ball head is spherically connected to the main connecting ball seat. The main connecting ball seat is arranged at the center position of the upper side of the lower pad, so that the lower pad can move around the midpoint of the spherical connection to adapt to the contact angle between the lower pad and the tunnel ground.

[0010] Preferably, the force compensation support assembly includes a telescopic power part, an upper connecting ball head is provided at one end of the telescopic power part, and a lower connecting ball head is provided at the other end, the upper connecting ball head is spherically connected to the upper connecting ball seat, and the lower connecting ball head is spherically connected to the lower connecting ball seat, the upper connecting ball seat is provided at the four corners of the bottom of the upper pad, and the lower connecting ball seat is provided at the four corners of the upper side of the lower pad, and the angle of the lower pad is adjusted by the unequal length extension and retraction of the output end of the telescopic power part.

[0011] Preferably, the force sensing component includes force sensors, which are arranged at the position where the upper side of the upper pad contacts the bottom of the steel frame arch foot and the position where the lower side of the lower pad contacts the tunnel ground. A accommodating groove is opened in the middle part of the upper side of the upper pad, and the force sensors on the lower pad are arranged in an array.

[0012] Preferably, the force monitoring and early warning component includes a battery, a master control processor, an electroacoustic alarm speaker, a strobe warning light and a linkage communicator, all of which are arranged on a support platform. The master control processor is connected to the battery, the electroacoustic alarm speaker, the strobe warning light, the linkage communicator, the gyro stabilization platform, the electronic level, the telescopic power part and the force sensor, and is used to receive and process detection data, and control or alarm the gyro stabilization platform and the telescopic power part according to the data.

[0013] Preferably, roughened anti-skid patterns are further provided on the lower side of the lower pad to increase the friction between the lower pad and the tunnel floor without affecting the detection of the force sensor on the lower pad.

[0014] The present invention also provides a tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support method, comprising the above-mentioned tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system, and further comprising the following steps: Step 1: Install the tunnel compensating force temporary arch support plate support system at the bottom of the tunnel steel frame arch foot, and use the pre-tightening anti-skid assembly to clamp and limit the steel frame arch foot to achieve a tight connection and prevent relative sliding between the steel frame arch foot and the upper plate; Step 2: Start the gyro-stabilized platform so that the upper plate starts to automatically level to the horizontal surface, and use the electronic level on the upper plate to confirm whether the leveling is completed; Step 3: The bottom plate applies downward pressure to compact the loose slag on the tunnel floor and adjusts the extension of the telescopic power member according to the value detected by the force sensor array installed at the bottom of the bottom plate to adjust the angle of the bottom plate to achieve a state of close contact between the bottom of the bottom plate and the tunnel floor. At this time, the roughened anti-skid pattern can increase the friction between the bottom plate and the tunnel floor. The standard for judging whether the value detected by the force sensor array does not differ by more than 2% is used as the standard for judging whether the bottom plate is in a stable state. Step 4: Control the output ends of the four telescopic power members to output thrust, and the thrust values ​​are the same, so that the upper and lower pads are both supported by the telescopic power members. The supporting force acts vertically upward on the upper pad and vertically downward on the slag or weak rock mass on the tunnel floor. After the entire device is installed, it can be automatically tightened to exert the supporting prestress and maintain the stability of the tunnel arch frame; Step 5: When a sudden collapse, instability, roof fall, or rock slip occurs after tunnel excavation, the force sensor monitors the situation in real time and transmits the information to the master control processor. The master control processor then controls the telescopic power member to compensate for the force on the collapsed and deformed side, thereby balancing the sudden pressure change and ensuring the long-term stability of the upper arch frame. Step 6: The force monitoring and early warning component monitors the force at the connection between the steel frame and the upper pad in real time and provides early warning in real time. ① When the pressure detected by the force sensor on the upper pad is close to the deadweight of the steel frame, the electric alarm horn will sound and the strobe warning light will flash yellow to indicate that the arch frame is under less force. It is necessary to check whether the steel frame as a whole is in close contact with the surrounding rock and whether it is functioning normally; ② When the pressure detected by the force sensor on the upper pad is too large and exceeds 80% of the steel frame design strength, the electric alarm horn will sound and the strobe warning light will flash orange to indicate that the arch frame pressure is too large and that support needs to be strengthened; ③ When the pressure detected by the force sensor on the upper pad changes suddenly, the electroacoustic alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes red to indicate that the support system has failed, warning the workers in the tunnel to evacuate immediately.

[0015] The effects provided in the summary of the invention are only the effects of the embodiments, not all the effects of the invention. The above technical solution has the following advantages: 1. The present invention provides a tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly, which can keep the upper pad in a horizontal state at all times to stably support the steel frame. The electronic level provided on the upper pad monitors the horizontal state of the upper pad in real time, facilitating accurate adjustment in a non-horizontal state. 2. The present invention provides a support frame on the upper pad, and the bottom of the support frame is spherically connected to the center of the lower pad, so that the lower pad can rotate to adapt to the support of the tunnel ground at different angles. The four corners of the upper pad and the four corners of the lower pad are movably connected by telescopic power members to adjust the angle of the lower pad. At the same time, an electronic level is provided on the lower pad to facilitate real-time detection of the angle of the lower pad. 3. The present invention sets a pre-tightening anti-slip component, and uses a cross-arranged clamping seat in conjunction with an elastic member and a clamping plate to limit the position of the steel frame arch foot. It is applicable to steel frame arch feet of different sizes, avoiding lateral displacement of the steel frame arch foot during the support process, which may affect construction safety. 4. The present invention provides a force sensor on the upper side of the upper pad, which contacts the bottom of the steel frame arch foot to monitor the stress of the steel frame in real time, thereby improving safety. An array of force sensors is provided on the lower side of the lower pad to detect the contact between the lower pad and the ground, and the supporting force is compensated according to the detection results. 5. The present invention provides roughened anti-skid patterns on the lower side of the bottom plate to improve the friction between the bottom plate and the tunnel ground, thereby preventing gravel, slag, etc. from affecting the supporting effect of the bottom plate during oblique support, and has better practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 The overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an upper pad portion according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The overall side view of the embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ; Figure 6 The overall side view of the embodiment of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the construction and use status of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. Tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly; 2. Pre-tightening anti-skid assembly; 3. Support frame; 4. Force compensation support assembly; 5. Force sensing assembly; 6. Force monitoring and early warning assembly; 7. Rough anti-skid pattern; 8. Steel frame arch foot; 9. Lifting power component; 11. Upper pad; 12. Lower pad; 13. Gyroscopic stabilization platform; 14. Electronic level; 15. Stabilization frame; 21. Holder; 22. Elastic component; 23. Concave Groove; 24. Wedge-shaped protrusion; 25. Upper latch; 26. Clamping plate; 27. Lower latch; 28. Pull handle; 29. ​​Lower spring; 31. Support column; 32. Support platform; 33. Connecting seat; 34. Main connecting ball head; 35. Main connecting ball seat; 41. Telescopic power part; 42. Upper connecting ball head; 43. Upper connecting ball seat; 44. Lower connecting ball head; 45. Lower connecting ball seat; 51. Force sensor; 52. Receiving groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, a tunnel compensation stress temporary arch frame pad support system includes a tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing component 1, and the tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing component 1 includes an upper pad 11 and a lower pad 12. The upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12 are both set to be rectangular. The upper surface of the upper pad 11 is used to contact the bottom surface of the steel frame arch foot 8 and provide support. The lower surface of the lower pad 12 is used to contact the tunnel ground. A pre-tightening anti-skid component 2 is set on the upper side of the upper pad 11. The pre-tightening anti-skid component 2 is used to contact the side and top of the steel frame arch foot 8 and limit the steel frame arch foot to avoid the steel frame arch foot For horizontal movement, a gyroscopic stabilization platform 13 is provided at the center position of the bottom of the upper pad 11 to maintain the upper pad 11 in a horizontal state. A support frame 3 is provided at the bottom of the upper pad 11, and the lower end of the support frame 3 is movably connected to the center position of the lower pad 12 to facilitate the movement of the lower pad 12. The upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12 are connected by a force compensation support assembly 4, and the force compensation support assembly 4 is used to control the movement of the lower pad 12; force sensing components 5 are provided on both the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12 to detect the forces acting on the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the gyro-stabilized platform 13 is a gyro-stabilized platform 13 of model RSM400.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly 1 also includes an electronic level 14, and a precision electronic level 14 of model L4S-20 is selected. A set of electronic levels 14 is provided on the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12, which are used to sense the horizontality of the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12 without affecting the support of the steel frame arch foot 8 and the movement of the lower pad 12.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the pre-tightening anti-slip component 2 includes a base 21 and an elastic member 22. A groove 23 is provided on the upper side of the upper pad 11. The cross section of the groove 23 is an inverted T-shape. The groove 23 includes four strips, and the four grooves 23 are arranged in a cross shape. A base 21 is slidably arranged in each groove 23 along its length direction. The cross section of the base 21 is I-shaped. The base 21 has no tendency to move up and down in the groove 23, so as to strengthen the limitation of the steel frame arch foot 8. One side of the base 21 is connected to one end of the groove 23 by an elastic member 22. The elastic member 22 is a high-strength spring. The elastic member 22 makes the base 21 tend to approach each other, so as to facilitate the clamping of the steel frame arch foot 8. A wedge-shaped protrusion 24 is provided on the side close to each other at the top of the base 21. The bottom of the wedge-shaped protrusion 24 is used to engage with the upper side of the steel frame arch foot. The side close to each other at the top of the wedge-shaped protrusion 24 is a wedge-shaped inclined surface. A plurality of rows of upper teeth 25 are provided at the bottom of the base 21. The lower spring 29 is used to lift the card plate 26, and the distance that the card plate 26 slides up and down is greater than the length of the engagement of the lower tooth 27 with the upper tooth 25, so that the engagement of the upper tooth 25 with the lower tooth 27 is disconnected by the sliding of the card plate 26, thereby facilitating the placement of the steel frame arch foot 8.

[0024] When using the pre-tightening anti-slip component 2, first pull the pulling handle 28 downward, then pull the bracket 21 to one end away from each other, release the pulling handle 28, and place the steel frame arch foot 8 on the upper pad 11. The position does not need to be accurately positioned, and it only needs to be placed in the approximate center position between the four brackets 21. Then release the bracket 21, so that the brackets 21 are close to each other and in contact with the steel frame arch foot and limit it, thereby improving the efficiency and safety of construction.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the support frame 3 includes a support column 31 and a support platform 32. The support column 31 is arranged on the lower side of the upper pad 11, and at least four support columns are arranged. The lower end of the support column 31 is connected to the support platform 32. The support platform 32 is located below the stabilizing frame 15. A connecting seat 33 is provided at the bottom of the support platform 32. A main connecting ball head 34 is provided at the bottom of the connecting seat 33. The main connecting ball head 34 is spherically connected to the main connecting ball seat 35. The main connecting ball seat 35 is provided at the center position of the upper side of the lower pad 12, so that the lower pad 12 can move around the midpoint of the spherical connection to facilitate adjustment to adapt to the contact angle between the lower pad 12 and the tunnel ground.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the force compensation support assembly 4 includes a telescopic power member 41, and the telescopic power member 41 is a cylinder. An upper connecting ball head 42 is provided at one end of the telescopic power member 41, and a lower connecting ball head 44 is provided at the other end. The upper connecting ball head 42 is spherically connected to the upper connecting ball seat 43, and the lower connecting ball head 44 is spherically connected to the lower connecting ball seat 45. The upper connecting ball seat 43 is provided at the four corners of the bottom of the upper pad 11, and the lower connecting ball seat 45 is provided at the four corners on the upper side of the lower pad 12. The angle or support angle of the lower pad 12 is adjusted by the unequal length extension and contraction of the output ends of different telescopic power members 41.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the force sensing component 5 includes a force sensor 51, preferably a six-dimensional force sensor 51, which is arranged at the position where the upper side of the upper pad 11 contacts the bottom of the steel frame arch foot and the position where the lower side of the lower pad 12 contacts the tunnel ground. A receiving groove 52 is opened in the middle of the upper side of the upper pad 11, and a force sensor 51 is arranged in the receiving groove 52. The detection end of the force sensor 51 at this position is used to detect the pressure between the steel frame arch foot 8 and the upper pad 11. The force sensors 51 on the lower pad 12 are arranged in a rectangular array to detect the pressure at different positions of the lower pad 12 and the ground, so as to avoid the adverse effects of the cavity at the top of the slag on the pressure.

[0028] Example 2 On the basis of embodiment one, a force monitoring and early warning component 6 is provided on the support frame 3. The force monitoring and early warning component 6 includes a battery, a master control processor, an electroacoustic alarm speaker, a strobe warning light and a linkage communicator, all of which are provided on the support platform 32. The master control processor is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the battery, the electroacoustic alarm speaker, the strobe warning light, the linkage communicator, the gyro stabilization platform 13, the electronic level 14, the telescopic power part 41 and the force sensor 51, and is used to receive and process the detection data, and control the gyro stabilization platform 13 and the telescopic power part 41 according to the detection data or issue an alarm according to the detection data.

[0029] The above-mentioned single-chip microcomputer uses the commonly used single-chip microcomputer model on the market, and the electroacoustic alarm speaker, strobe warning light and linkage communicator all use common models on the market. The connection relationship is the conventional connection in this field, and the specific control program is not a technical feature to be protected by the present invention, so it will not be described here.

[0030] Example 3 On the basis of the first embodiment, a stabilizing frame 15 is provided on the lower side of the upper pad 11. The stabilizing frame 15 is fixed to the lower side of the upper pad 11. An opening is left on the side of the stabilizing frame 15 for convenient entry and exit of the gyro stabilizing platform 13. The stabilizing frame 15 is connected to the bottom of the gyro stabilizing platform 13 by bolts and nuts, and is used to auxiliary support the gyro stabilizing platform 13, providing auxiliary support when the gyro stabilizing platform 13 adjusts the upper pad 11 horizontally.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the lower surface of the lower pad 12 is also provided with a roughened anti-slip pattern 7, and the roughened anti-slip pattern 7 is selected from straight lines, wavy lines or triangular lines to increase the friction between the lower pad 12 and the tunnel ground without affecting the detection effect of the force sensor 51 on the lower pad 12.

[0032] Example 4 like Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of embodiment one, the upper pad 11 is separated into three parts, including an upper plate with a pre-tightened anti-skid component 2 at the upper end, a lower plate at the lower end for connecting the gyro stabilization platform 13 and the force compensation support component 4, and a lifting power member 9 arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate for adjusting the lifting of the upper plate. The lifting power member 9 uses an oil cylinder, and several lifting power members 9 are evenly arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate to move the steel frame upward when the upper end steel frame needs to be supported, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0033] Example 5 like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support method includes the above-mentioned tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system, and further includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the tunnel compensating force temporary arch frame pad support system at the bottom of the tunnel steel frame arch foot, and make the pre-tightening anti-skid component 2 clamp and limit the steel frame arch foot 8 to achieve a tight connection and prevent the steel frame arch foot 8 and the upper pad 11 from sliding horizontally relative to each other; Step 2: Start the gyro stabilization platform 13 so that the upper plate 11 starts to automatically level to the horizontal surface, and use the electronic level 14 on the upper plate 11 to determine whether the leveling operation is completed; Step 3: Place the device on the ground in the tunnel, apply downward pressure on the lower pad 12 to compact the slag on the tunnel ground, and adjust the extension of the telescopic end of the telescopic power member 41 according to the value detected by the force sensor 51 arranged in the array at the bottom of the lower pad 12 to adjust the angle of the lower pad 12 so as to achieve a state in which the bottom of the lower pad 12 is in close contact with the tunnel ground. At this time, the roughened anti-skid pattern 7 can increase the friction between the lower pad 12 and the tunnel ground. The difference of the values ​​detected by more than 90% of the force sensors 51 arranged in the array is no more than 2%, which is used as the standard for judging whether it is in a stable state. The detection result of the force sensor 51 less than 10% is used as the acceptable amount for detecting the upper cavity of the slag. Step 4: Control the output ends of the four telescopic power members 41 to output thrust, and the thrust values ​​are the same, so that the upper pad 11 and the lower pad 12 are both supported by the telescopic power member 41. The supporting force acts vertically upward on the upper pad 11 and vertically downward on the slag or weak rock mass on the tunnel floor, so that the entire device can be automatically tightened after installation, exerting the supporting prestress and maintaining the stable state of the tunnel arch stress; Step 5: When a sudden collapse, instability, roof fall or rock slip occurs after tunnel excavation, the force sensor 51 monitors the situation in real time and transmits the information to the master control processor. The master control processor then controls the telescopic power member 41 to compensate for the force on the collapsed and deformed side, thereby balancing the sudden change in pressure and ensuring that the upper steel arch remains stable for a long time. Step 6: The force monitoring and early warning component 6 monitors the force at the connection between the steel frame and the upper pad 11 in real time and provides early warning feedback in real time: ① When the pressure detected by the force sensor 51 on the upper pad 11 is close to the deadweight of the steel frame, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes yellow to indicate that the arch frame is under less force. It is necessary to check whether the entire steel frame is in close contact with the surrounding rock and whether it is playing a normal supporting role. If necessary, the lifting power part 9 can be activated to perform support compensation at the upper end to make the steel frame in close contact with the surrounding rock; ② When the pressure detected by the force sensor 51 on the upper pad 11 is too large and exceeds 80% of the design strength of the steel frame, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes orange to indicate that the arch frame pressure is too large and that support needs to be strengthened; ③ When the pressure detected by the force sensor 51 on the upper pad 11 changes suddenly, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes red to indicate that the support system has failed, warning the workers in the tunnel to evacuate immediately.

[0034] Any details not provided in the present invention are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system, characterized in that: include: A tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly (1) comprises an upper pad (11) and a lower pad (12), wherein the upper side of the upper pad (11) is used to contact the steel frame arch foot (8), and the lower side of the lower pad (12) is used to contact the tunnel ground. A pre-tightening anti-skid assembly (2) is provided on the upper side of the upper pad (11) for contacting and limiting the steel frame arch foot (8). A gyroscopic stabilization platform (13) is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper pad (11) for maintaining the upper pad (11) horizontal. A support frame (3) is provided at the bottom of the upper pad (11), and the lower end of the support frame (3) is movably connected to the lower pad (12). The upper pad (11) and the lower pad (12) are connected via a force compensation support assembly (4). A force sensing component (5) is provided on both the upper pad (11) and the lower pad (12).

2. A tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel steel frame arch foot self-balancing assembly (1) further comprises an electronic level (14), and the upper pad (11) and the lower pad (12) are both provided with the electronic level (14) for sensing the horizontality of the upper pad (11) and the lower pad (12).

3. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pre-tightening anti-skid assembly (2) includes a card seat (21) and an elastic member (22). A groove (23) is provided on the upper side of the upper pad (11). The cross section of the groove (23) is in an inverted T-shape. The groove (23) is arranged in a cross shape. The card seat (21) is slidably arranged in the groove (23) along its length direction. The cross section of the card seat (21) is in an I-shape. One side of the card seat (21) is connected to one end of the groove (23) through the elastic member (22). The elastic member (22) makes the card seat (21) tend to approach each other. A wedge-shaped protrusion (24) is provided on the side of the top of the card seat (21) that is close to each other. The wedge-shaped protrusion (24) is used to be clamped with the steel frame arch foot (8). The bottom of the card seat (21) is provided with a wedge-shaped protrusion (24). An upper latching tooth (25) is provided on the bottom of the groove (23), and a card plate (26) is provided for sliding up and down at the bottom of the groove (23). A lower latching tooth (27) is provided on the upper side of the card plate (26). The lower latching tooth (27) is used for engaging with the upper latching tooth (25) to prevent the card seat (21) from moving away from each other. A pulling handle (28) is provided for sliding through the groove (23) on the lower side of the card plate (26). The sliding direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the card plate (26). The lower side of the card plate (26) is connected to the bottom of the groove (23) through a lower spring (29). The lower spring (29) is used to lift the card plate (26). The distance that the card plate (26) slides up and down is greater than the length of the engagement between the lower latching tooth (27) and the upper latching tooth (25).

4. A tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stabilizing frame (15) is provided on the lower side of the upper pad (11), and the stabilizing frame (15) is connected to the bottom of the gyro stabilizing platform (13) for auxiliary support of the gyro stabilizing platform (13).

5. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (3) comprises a support column (31) and a support platform (32). The support column (31) is arranged on the lower side of the upper pad (11). The lower end of the support column (31) is connected to the support platform (32). The support platform (32) is located below the stabilizing frame (15). A connecting seat (33) is arranged at the bottom of the support platform (32). A main connecting ball head (34) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting seat (33). The main connecting ball head (34) is spherically connected to a main connecting ball seat (35). The main connecting ball seat (35) is arranged at the center position of the upper side of the lower pad (12), so that the lower pad (12) can move around the midpoint of the spherical connection to adapt to the contact angle between the lower pad (12) and the tunnel ground.

6. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The force compensation support assembly (4) comprises a telescopic power member (41), an upper connecting ball head (42) is provided at one end of the telescopic power member (41), and a lower connecting ball head (44) is provided at the other end, the upper connecting ball head (42) is spherically connected to an upper connecting ball seat (43), and the lower connecting ball head (44) is spherically connected to a lower connecting ball seat (45), the upper connecting ball seat (43) is provided at the four corners of the bottom of the upper pad (11), and the lower connecting ball seat (45) is provided at the four corners on the upper side of the lower pad (12), and the angle of the lower pad (12) is adjusted by the unequal length extension and contraction of the output end of the telescopic power member (41).

7. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The force sensing component (5) includes a force sensor (51) which is arranged at a position where the upper side of the upper pad (11) contacts the bottom of the steel frame arch foot (8) and at a position where the lower side of the lower pad (12) contacts the tunnel ground. A receiving groove (52) is provided in the middle of the upper side of the upper pad (11), and the force sensors (51) on the lower pad (12) are arranged in an array.

8. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A force monitoring and early warning component (6) is provided on the support frame (3), comprising a battery, a master control processor, an electric alarm speaker, a strobe warning light, and a linkage communicator, all of which are provided on the support platform (32). The master control processor is connected to the battery, the electric alarm speaker, the strobe warning light, the linkage communicator, the gyro stabilization platform (13), the electronic level (14), the telescopic power member (41), and the force sensor (51), and is used for receiving and processing detection data, and controlling or alarming the gyro stabilization platform (13) and the telescopic power member (41) according to the data.

9. The tunnel compensating stress temporary arch support plate support system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower side of the lower pad (12) is also provided with roughened anti-skid lines (7) for increasing the friction between the lower pad (12) and the tunnel ground without affecting the detection of the force sensor (51) on the lower pad (12).

10. A method for supporting a temporary arch support plate for compensating stress in a tunnel, comprising the temporary arch support plate support system for compensating stress in a tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Step 1: Install the tunnel compensating stress temporary arch frame pad support system at the bottom of the tunnel steel frame arch foot (8), and make the pre-tightening anti-skid component (2) clamp and limit the steel frame arch foot (8) to achieve a tight connection and prevent the steel frame arch foot (8) and the upper pad (11) from sliding relative to each other; Step 2: Start the gyro stabilization platform (13) so that the upper pad (11) starts to automatically level to the horizontal plane, and determine whether the leveling is completed by the electronic level (14) on the upper pad (11); Step 3: The lower pad (12) applies downward pressure to compact the slag on the tunnel ground and adjusts the extension of the telescopic power member (41) according to the value detected by the force sensor (51) arranged in the array at the bottom of the lower pad (12) to adjust the angle of the lower pad (12) to achieve a state in which the bottom of the lower pad (12) is in close contact with the tunnel ground. At this time, the roughened anti-skid pattern (7) can increase the friction between the lower pad (12) and the tunnel ground. The difference in the value detected by the force sensor (51) arranged in the array is no more than 2% as the standard for judging whether it is in a stable state. Step 4: Control the output ends of the four telescopic power members (41) to output thrusts, and the thrust values ​​are the same, so that the upper pad (11) and the lower pad (12) are both supported by the telescopic power member (41), and the supporting force acts vertically upward on the upper pad (11) and vertically downward on the slag or weak rock mass on the tunnel ground, so that the device can be automatically tightened after installation, exerting the supporting prestress and maintaining the tunnel arch frame force stability; Step 5: When a sudden collapse, instability, roof fall or rock slip occurs after tunnel excavation, the force sensor (51) monitors the situation in real time and transmits the information to the master control processor, which then controls the telescopic power member (41) to compensate for the force on the collapsed and deformed side, so as to balance the sudden change in pressure and keep the upper arch frame stable for a long time; Step 6: The force monitoring and early warning component (6) monitors the force at the connection between the steel frame and the upper pad (11) in real time for a long term and provides feedback and early warning. The force sensor (51) on the upper pad (11) monitors the force at the connection between the steel frame and the upper pad (11) and provides early warning in real time. ① When the pressure detected by the force sensor (51) on the upper pad (11) is close to the deadweight of the steel frame, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes yellow to indicate that the arch frame is under less force. It is necessary to check whether the steel frame as a whole is in close contact with the surrounding rock and whether it can play a normal supporting role; ② When the pressure detected by the force sensor (51) on the upper pad (11) is too large and exceeds 80% of the design strength of the steel frame, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes orange to indicate that the arch frame pressure is too large and that support needs to be strengthened; ③ When the pressure detected by the force sensor (51) on the upper pad (11) changes suddenly, the electric alarm horn sounds and the strobe warning light flashes red to indicate that the support system has failed, warning the workers in the tunnel to evacuate immediately.

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