Methanol injector and methanol fuel engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and discloses a methanol injector and a methanol fuel engine, and the methanol injector comprises a first cavity, a first control mechanism, a second cavity, an adjusting mechanism, a third cavity, a nozzle, a methanol channel, an air channel and a second control mechanism. In the working process, the first control mechanism opens the first communicating hole, methanol fuel in the control cavity flows into the first cavity, the adjusting mechanism is far away from the third communicating hole so that the third communicating hole can be opened, and methanol fuel in the pressure storage cavity can flow into the third cavity through the third communicating hole; meanwhile, the second control mechanism opens the air inlet, and then air flows into the third cavity after flowing into the air channel from the air inlet. Therefore, the methanol fuel and the air can be fiercely mixed in the third cavity and then sprayed into the air cylinder of the engine body through the spraying hole of the nozzle, the atomization effect of the sprayed methanol fuel can be improved, and then the cold start efficiency of the methanol fuel engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to a methanol injector and a methanol fuel engine. Background Art

[0002] Methanol is a very promising alternative fuel with the advantages of wide sources, large output, and convenient storage and transportation. It has a wide range of applications, and methanol fuel engines are one of them.

[0003] However, due to the high latent heat of vaporization of methanol, a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed when it changes from liquid to gas, resulting in methanol not evaporating easily during injection and poor atomization effect, making it difficult for methanol fuel engines to start cold, and even more difficult to start in extremely cold weather conditions.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the cold start efficiency of methanol fuel engines has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least improve the cold start efficiency of a methanol fueled engine. This objective is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes a methanol injector, which includes: a first cavity extending along a first direction, the first cavity having a first communicating hole; a first control mechanism, the first control mechanism being configured to enable the first communicating hole to switch between a blocked state and an open state; a second cavity extending along the first direction, the second cavity having a second communicating hole, the second cavity being connected to the first cavity through the second communicating hole and the first communicating hole; an adjusting mechanism, along the first direction, the adjusting mechanism dividing the second cavity into a control cavity and a pressure storage cavity, the second communicating hole being located in the control cavity, the pressure storage cavity having a third communicating hole, and the adjusting mechanism being configured to be able to move in the second cavity along the first direction to enable the third communicating hole to switch between a blocked state and an open state. ; A third cavity, along the first direction, the third cavity is located on the side of the second cavity away from the first cavity, and the third cavity is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber through a third connecting hole; a nozzle, having a spray hole, and the spray hole is connected to the third cavity; a methanol channel, comprising a first channel, a second channel and a third channel, a first end of the first channel is provided with a methanol inlet, a second end of the first channel is connected to both the second channel and the third channel, an end of the second channel away from the first channel is connected to the control cavity, and an end of the third channel away from the first channel is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber; an air channel, one end of the air channel has an air inlet, and an end of the air channel away from the air inlet is connected to the third cavity; and a second control mechanism, the second control mechanism is configured to be able to adjust the opening degree of the air inlet.

[0007] In this methanol injector, when not in operation, the first connecting hole is in a blocked state, the regulating mechanism is stationary in the second chamber and the third connecting hole is in a blocked state, the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber is the same as the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulation chamber, and the air inlet is closed. During operation, the first connecting hole is adjusted to the open state by the first control mechanism. At this time, the methanol fuel in the control chamber flows out from the first connecting hole to the first cavity. Since the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator chamber has not changed at this time, the regulating mechanism will move away from the third connecting hole along the first direction under the action of the hydraulic difference, so that the third connecting hole is adjusted to the open state. Since the methanol fuel will flow into the pressure accumulator chamber through the first channel and the third channel in sequence, when the third connecting hole is in the open state, the methanol fuel flowing into the pressure accumulator chamber will continue to flow into the third cavity through the third connecting hole; at the same time (adjusting the first connecting hole to the open state), the second control mechanism opens the air inlet, and at this time the air flows from the air inlet into the air channel and then into the third cavity; therefore, the methanol fuel and air will first be violently mixed in the third cavity, and then sprayed into the cylinder of the engine body through the nozzle of the nozzle, thereby improving the atomization effect of the methanol fuel after spraying, thereby improving the efficiency of the cold start of the methanol fuel engine.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle includes: a contraction section, which is connected to the third cavity, and the inner diameter of the contraction section gradually decreases along the direction of the third connecting hole pointing to the contraction section, and the cone angle range of the contraction section is 19°-23°; a throat, which is connected to the end of the contraction section away from the third connecting hole; and a diffusion section, which is connected to the end of the throat away from the contraction section, and the inner diameter of the diffusion section gradually increases along the direction of the throat pointing to the diffusion section, and the cone angle range of the diffusion section is 8°-15°.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first control mechanism includes: a first solenoid valve having a first coil; a first electromagnetic armature, which, when the first coil is energized, can move along a first direction away from the first connecting hole under the action of the magnetic effect of the current; and a first sealing member for sealing the first connecting hole, the first sealing member being fixedly connected to the first electromagnetic armature.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first control mechanism further includes a first return spring extending along the first direction, and the first return spring is used to apply a thrust to the first electromagnetic armature along the first direction toward the first communicating hole.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism includes: a piston, an outer wall of the piston is provided with an adjustment spring; a plunger, connected to the piston, the plunger and the piston are arranged along a first direction, the adjustment spring is in abutment with an end of the plunger close to the piston, and the adjustment spring is used to apply a thrust to the plunger away from the piston along the first direction; and a needle valve, connected to the plunger, the needle valve and the plunger are arranged along the first direction, along the first direction, the needle valve is located on the side of the plunger away from the piston, and the end of the needle valve away from the plunger is used to block the third connecting hole.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the needle valve includes: a first part, connected to the plunger; and a second part, connected to the first part, the second part extends along the first direction, the outer diameter of the second part is smaller than the outer diameter of the first part, and along the first direction, the end of the second part away from the first part is used to block the third connecting hole.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure accumulation chamber includes: a first sub-chamber, connected to the third channel; and a second sub-chamber, connected to the first sub-chamber, the inner diameter of the second sub-chamber is larger than the outer diameter of the second part, the second sub-chamber extends along the first direction, and the third connecting hole is located at one end of the second sub-chamber away from the first sub-chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second control mechanism includes: a second solenoid valve having a second coil; a second electromagnetic armature, which, when the second coil is energized, can move away from the air inlet under the action of the magnetic effect of the current; and a second sealing member for blocking the air inlet, the second sealing member being fixedly connected to the second electromagnetic armature.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second control mechanism further includes a second return spring, and the second return spring is used to apply a thrust to the second electromagnetic armature toward the air inlet.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a methanol fuel engine, which includes: any one of the above-mentioned methanol injectors; a methanol fuel rail connected to the first channel, the methanol fuel rail is used to transport methanol fuel to the first channel; and an engine body having a cylinder, and the injection hole is connected to the cylinder.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference numerals are used throughout the accompanying drawings to denote the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of a methanol injector provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0023] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0024] 10. Methanol injector;

[0025] 100, first cavity;

[0026] 210, first solenoid valve; 220, first solenoid armature; 230, first blocking member; 240, first return spring;

[0027] 310, control chamber; 320, pressure accumulator chamber; 321, first sub-chamber; 322, second sub-chamber;

[0028] 400, adjustment mechanism; 410, piston; 420, plunger; 430, needle valve; 431, first part; 432, second part; 440, adjustment spring;

[0029] 500, third cavity;

[0030] 600, nozzle; 610, nozzle hole; 611, contraction section; 612, throat; 613, diffusion section;

[0031] 710, first channel; 711, methanol inlet; 720, second channel; 730, third channel;

[0032] 800, air channel; 801, air inlet

[0033] 910, second solenoid valve; 920, second solenoid armature; 930, second blocking member; 940, second return spring;

[0034] X, shell; a, air inlet; b, valve seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0037] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inside," "outside," "below," "beneath," "above," and the like. Such spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element described as "below" or "below" another element or feature would then be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Thus, the example term "below" can include both above and below orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of a methanol injector provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The enlarged picture of point C in the middle. Figures 1 to 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a methanol injector 10, which includes: a first cavity 100, extending along a first direction, the first cavity 100 having a first communicating hole; a first control mechanism, the first control mechanism being configured to enable the first communicating hole to switch between a blocked state and an open state; a second cavity, extending along the first direction, the second cavity having a second communicating hole, the second cavity being connected to the first cavity 100 through the second communicating hole and the first communicating hole; an adjusting mechanism 400, along the first direction, the adjusting mechanism 400 divides the second cavity into a control cavity 310 and a pressure accumulator cavity 320, the second communicating hole is located in the control cavity 310, the pressure accumulator cavity 320 has a third communicating hole, the adjusting mechanism 400 is configured to be able to move in the second cavity along the first direction to enable the third communicating hole to switch between a blocked state and an open state; a third cavity 500, along the first direction, the third cavity 500 is located in the second cavity On the side away from the first cavity 100, the third cavity 500 is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber 320 through the third connecting hole; the nozzle 600 has a spray hole 610, and the spray hole 610 is connected to the third cavity 500; the methanol channel includes a first channel 710, a second channel 720 and a third channel 730, the first end of the first channel 710 is provided with a methanol inlet 711, the second end of the first channel 710 is connected to both the second channel 720 and the third channel 730, the end of the second channel 720 away from the first channel 710 is connected to the control cavity 310, and the end of the third channel 730 away from the first channel 710 is connected to the pressure accumulation chamber 320; the air channel 800 has an air inlet 801 at one end, and the end of the air channel 800 away from the air inlet 801 is connected to the third cavity 500; and a second control mechanism, the second control mechanism is configured to be able to adjust the opening degree of the air inlet 801.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the methanol injector 10 is not in operation, the first connecting hole is in a blocked state, the regulating mechanism 400 is stationary in the second chamber and the third connecting hole is in a blocked state, the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber 310 is the same as the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulation chamber 320, and the air inlet 801 is closed. During operation, the first control mechanism adjusts the first connecting hole to an open state. At this time, the methanol fuel in the control chamber 310 flows out of the first connecting hole to the first cavity 100. Since the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator chamber 320 remains unchanged at this time, the adjustment mechanism 400 will move away from the third connecting hole in the first direction under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference, thereby adjusting the third connecting hole to an open state. Since the methanol fuel will flow into the pressure accumulator chamber 320 through the first channel 710 and the third channel 730 in sequence, when the third connecting hole is in the open state, the methanol fuel flowing into the pressure accumulator chamber 320 will continue to flow into the third cavity 500 through the third connecting hole. At the same time (adjusting the first connecting hole to the open state), the second control mechanism opens the air inlet 801. At this time, air flows from the air inlet 801 into the air channel 800 and then into the third cavity 500. Therefore, the methanol fuel and air will first be vigorously mixed in the third cavity 500, and then sprayed into the cylinder of the engine body through the nozzle 610 of the nozzle 600.

[0041] Therefore, this methanol injector 10 will vigorously mix the methanol fuel with the air in the third cavity 500 before the methanol fuel is injected into the cylinder of the engine body, thereby improving the atomization effect of the methanol fuel after injection, thereby improving the efficiency of the cold start of the methanol fuel engine.

[0042] It is easy to understand that the methanol injector 10 further includes a shell X, and the first cavity 100 , the second cavity and the third cavity 500 are all located in the shell X.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, according to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle 610 includes: a contraction section 611, which is connected to the third cavity 500, and the inner diameter of the contraction section 611 gradually decreases along the direction of the third connecting hole pointing to the contraction section 611, and the cone angle range of the contraction section 611 is 19°-23°; a throat 612, which is connected to the end of the contraction section 611 away from the third connecting hole; and a diffusion section 613, which is connected to the end of the throat 612 away from the contraction section 611, and the inner diameter of the diffusion section 613 gradually increases along the direction of the throat 612 pointing to the diffusion section 613, and the cone angle range of the diffusion section 613 is 8°-15°.

[0044] In this embodiment, the nozzle 610 is configured to have a structure similar to a Venturi tube. When the methanol fuel and air mixture passes through the nozzle 610, the flow rate is accelerated and the pressure is reduced, and micro-nano bubbles are generated inside the mixture to improve the gas-liquid mixing ratio; the micro-nano bubbles can also accelerate gas-liquid mass transfer, further promoting the mixing of the methanol fuel and air; and the methanol fuel and air mixture will be heated after entering the cylinder of the engine body. The micro-nano bubbles will burst due to the heat and generate turbulent disturbances, thereby improving the combustion process of the methanol fuel and air mixture.

[0045] The mixture of methanol fuel and air produces a concentration of about 1.0×10 6 / ml-1.0×10 7 The micro-nano bubbles, each containing 100 micrograms / ml, significantly increase the mixing ratio of methanol fuel and air. Furthermore, the enhanced mass transfer and micro-explosion disturbances of the micro-nano bubbles improve the mixing degree of methanol fuel and air and the combustion process, thereby reducing the methanol consumption of methanol fuel engines by 1-1.5%.

[0046] The following takes a specific configuration as an example to illustrate the beneficial effects of this embodiment in more detail:

[0047] The total length of the nozzle orifice 610 can be set to 1.5mm-2mm. The converging section 611 is a tapered tube with an inlet diameter of 1.5mm, a taper angle of 19-23°, and a length of 0.4mm. The inner diameter of the converging section 611 gradually decreases in the direction from the third connecting hole toward the converging section 611, thereby gradually increasing the flow rate of the methanol fuel and air mixture and reducing the pressure. The throat 612 can have a diameter of 0.5mm. The throat 612 has the smallest cross-sectional area in the nozzle orifice 610, where the flow rate of the methanol fuel and air mixture reaches its maximum and the pressure reaches its minimum. The diverging section 613 can have an outlet diameter of 1.5mm, a length of 0.15-0.25mm, a taper angle of 8-15°, and a gradually increasing inner diameter in the direction from the throat 612 toward the diverging section 613, thereby reducing the flow rate of the methanol fuel and air mixture and gradually restoring the pressure.

[0048] When the mixture of methanol fuel and air is ejected from the nozzle 610, the mixture expands and ruptures rapidly due to the sudden pressure drop, forming fine droplets. After entering the cylinder, the micro-nano bubbles are heated and micro-explode. The turbulent disturbance generated by the micro-explosion promotes the combustion of the methanol-air mixture.

[0049] In addition, the nozzle hole 610 can extend upward to the portion overlapping with the third cavity 500, that is, the nozzle hole 610 extends into the space where the third cavity 500 is located, so that a narrow channel can be formed between the outer wall of the nozzle 600 and the inner wall of the third cavity 500; in this way, when the air enters the air channel 800, it will pass through the narrow channel and then enter the third cavity 500, that is, the flow rate of the air before entering the third cavity 500 will be accelerated, thereby further improving the efficiency of the mixing of air and methanol fuel in the third cavity 500.

[0050] It should be noted that the above-mentioned dimensions and other specific solutions are only examples. In actual working conditions, the specific working conditions should be followed to ensure that the mixture of methanol fuel and air can generate micro-nano bubbles and ultimately improve the combustion efficiency of methanol fuel and air.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first control mechanism includes: a first solenoid valve 210, having a first coil; a first electromagnetic armature 220, when the first coil is energized, the first electromagnetic armature 220 can move along the first direction away from the first connecting hole under the action of the magnetic effect of the current; and a first blocking member 230, for blocking the first connecting hole, the first blocking member 230 being fixedly connected to the first electromagnetic armature 220.

[0052] In this embodiment, the state of adjusting the first connecting hole is specifically described below:

[0053] When the methanol injector 10 is operating, the first coil of the first solenoid valve 210 is energized, generating a first magnetic field around the first coil. The first magnetic field magnetizes the first electromagnetic armature 220, and under the action of the magnetism, the first electromagnetic armature 220 moves in a first direction away from the first communicating hole, thereby moving the first blocking member 230 out of the first communicating hole. This switches the first communicating hole from a blocked state to an open state, allowing the methanol fuel in the control chamber 310 to flow out of the first communicating hole into the first cavity 100. Only the state adjustment process of the first communicating hole is described in detail here. The subsequent operation process of the methanol injector 10 can refer to the above description and will not be repeated here.

[0054] Therefore, with this arrangement of the first mechanism, the state of the first connecting hole can be adjusted simply by energizing the first coil, which is convenient to operate and improves the working efficiency of the methanol injector 10.

[0055] Among them, it is easy to understand that the first sealing member 230 can be a ball valve; the valve core of the ball valve is a sphere with a circular through hole. In the open state, the fluid can pass through unimpeded with almost no flow resistance; and the ball valve has good sealing performance and small leakage. When the first connecting hole is required to be in a blocked state, it can well ensure the sealing between the first cavity 100 and the control cavity 310; in addition, the structure of the ball valve is relatively simple, the number of parts is small, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are low, and it is not prone to failure and has high reliability.

[0056] refer to Figures 1 to 3 According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first control mechanism further includes a first return spring 240, which extends in the first direction and is used to apply a thrust to the first electromagnetic armature 220 in the first direction toward the first connecting hole. The adjustment mechanism 400 includes: a piston 410, an outer wall of which is provided with an adjustment spring 440; a plunger 420 connected to the piston 410, the plunger 420 and the piston 410 being aligned in the first direction, the adjustment spring 440 abutting against an end of the plunger 420 proximal to the piston 410, and applying a thrust to the plunger 420 in the first direction away from the piston 410; and a needle valve 430 connected to the plunger 420, the needle valve 430 and the plunger 420 being aligned in the first direction. In the first direction, the needle valve 430 is located on the side of the plunger 420 away from the piston 410, and the end of the needle valve 430 away from the plunger 420 is used to block the third connecting hole.

[0057] In this embodiment, the operation of the first control mechanism and the regulating mechanism 400 is described in more detail below using a complete working process:

[0058] When the methanol injector 10 is not in operation, the first connecting hole is in a blocked state, the regulating mechanism 400 is stationary in the second chamber, and the needle valve 430 blocks the third connecting hole at one end away from the plunger 420, the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber 310 is the same as the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulation chamber 320, and the air inlet 801 is closed.

[0059] During operation, the first coil of the first solenoid valve 210 is energized, and a first magnetic field is generated around the first coil. The first magnetic field magnetizes the first electromagnetic armature 220. Under the action of magnetism, the first electromagnetic armature 220 overcomes the thrust of the first return spring 240 and moves along the first direction away from the first connecting hole to move the first blocking member 230 out of the first connecting hole, that is, the first connecting hole is switched from a blocked state to an open state. At this time, the methanol fuel in the control chamber 310 flows out of the first connecting hole to the first cavity 100. Since the hydraulic pressure in the pressure accumulator chamber 320 does not change at this time, the whole formed by the piston 410, the plunger 420 and the needle valve 430 can overcome the thrust of the adjusting spring 440 and move along the first direction away from the third connecting hole under the action of the hydraulic pressure difference. Movement, thereby causing the needle valve 430 to move away from the side of the piston 410 and out of the third communicating hole, that is, the third communicating hole is adjusted to the open state. Since the methanol fuel will flow into the pressure accumulation chamber 320 through the first channel 710 and the third channel 730 in sequence, when the third communicating hole is in the open state, the methanol fuel flowing into the pressure accumulation chamber 320 will continue to flow into the third cavity 500 through the third communicating hole; at the same time (the first communicating hole is adjusted to the open state), the second control mechanism opens the air inlet 801, and at this time, the air flows from the air inlet 801 into the air channel 800 and then into the third cavity 500; therefore, the methanol fuel and air will first be violently mixed in the third cavity 500, and then sprayed into the cylinder of the engine body through the spray hole 610 of the nozzle 600.

[0060] When the methanol injector 10 needs to stop injecting fuel, the first coil of the first solenoid valve 210 is de-energized. At this time, the first magnetic field disappears, and the first electromagnetic armature 220 moves along the first direction toward the first connecting hole under the thrust of the first return spring 240, so that the first blocking member 230 blocks the first connecting hole. Thereafter, the control chamber 310 will be filled with methanol fuel again, and the pressure in the control chamber 310 is balanced with that in the pressure accumulation chamber 320. The piston 410, the plunger 420 and the needle valve 430 form a whole that moves along the first direction toward the third connecting hole under the thrust of the adjusting spring 440, so that the needle valve 430 blocks the third connecting hole away from the side of the piston 410, that is, the third connecting hole is adjusted to a blocked state. At this time, the methanol fuel cannot flow through the third connecting hole to the third cavity 500, and cannot flow to the spray hole 610 of the nozzle 600. It is easy to understand that when the methanol injector 10 needs to stop injecting oil, there is no need for air to enter the third cavity 500 , and the second control mechanism can be operated to block the air inlet 801 .

[0061] Among them, it can be seen from the previous analysis that the first cavity 100, the second cavity and the third cavity 500 are all located in the shell X of the methanol injector 10; when setting the first return spring 240, a first groove extending along the first direction can be set in the shell X, and the first groove is located above the first cavity 100 and is connected to the first cavity, so that the upper end of the first return spring 240 abuts against the top wall of the first groove, and the lower end of the first return spring 240 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first electromagnetic armature 220.

[0062] In addition, when setting the adjustment spring 440, an adjustment groove that is connected to the second cavity and extends along the first direction can also be set in the shell X, so that the upper end of the adjustment spring 440 abuts against the top wall of the adjustment groove, and the lower end of the adjustment spring 440 abuts against the upper end of the plunger 420.

[0063] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the first return spring 240 can guide the movement of the first electromagnetic armature 220 in the first direction, and when the methanol injector 10 needs to stop spraying oil, the first return spring 240 can rely on its own elastic force to give the first armature a thrust to reset the first armature (that is, the first blocking member 230 blocks the first connecting hole); similarly, the adjusting spring 440 can also guide the movement of the whole formed by the piston 410, the plunger 420 and the needle valve 430 in the first direction, and when the methanol injector 10 needs to stop spraying oil, the adjusting spring 440 can rely on its own elastic force to give the whole formed by the piston 410, the plunger 420 and the needle valve 430 a thrust to reset the adjusting mechanism 400 as a whole (that is, the needle valve 430 blocks the third connecting hole away from the side of the piston 410).

[0064] Therefore, this setting method can further improve the accuracy of the first control mechanism and the adjustment mechanism 400 during operation, and can ensure that the first control mechanism and the adjustment mechanism 400 can be in the appropriate position under different working conditions (requiring fuel injection or not), thereby ensuring the overall working efficiency of the methanol injector 10.

[0065] Continue to refer Figures 1 to 3According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the needle valve 430 includes: a first portion 431 connected to the plunger 420; and a second portion 432 connected to the first portion 431. The second portion 432 extends along the first direction, has an outer diameter smaller than that of the first portion 431, and, along the first direction, the end of the second portion 432 facing away from the first portion 431 is used to block the third communication hole. The pressure accumulation chamber 320 includes: a first sub-chamber 321 connected to the third channel 730; and a second sub-chamber 322 connected to the first sub-chamber 321. The inner diameter of the second sub-chamber 322 is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion 432. The second sub-chamber 322 extends along the first direction, and the third communication hole is located at the end of the second sub-chamber 322 facing away from the first sub-chamber 321.

[0066] In this embodiment, it is easy to understand that when the end of the needle valve 430 facing away from the plunger 420 blocks the third communicating hole, it is achieved by extending the second portion 432 of the needle valve 430 into the second sub-cavity 322 .

[0067] The outer diameter of the second portion 432 should be smaller than the inner diameter of the second sub-cavity 322 so that the methanol solution can flow into the third sub-cavity from the third connecting hole in time when the end of the needle valve 430 away from the plunger 420 is moved out of the third connecting hole.

[0068] In addition, a valve seat b may be provided at one end of the second sub-cavity 322 away from the first sub-cavity 321 , and the third communicating hole is provided at the valve seat b.

[0069] In addition, the outer wall of the lower end of the first part 431 of the needle valve 430 can be chamfered, that is, the part of the first part 431 used to connect with the second part 432 can be a conical structure. In this way, when the needle valve 430 as a whole is subjected to the upward hydraulic force, the piston 410, the plunger 420 and the needle valve 430 can be better moved upward as a whole, thereby improving the working efficiency of the methanol injector 10 to a certain extent.

[0070] refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the second control mechanism includes: a second solenoid valve 910 having a second coil; a second electromagnetic armature 920. When the second coil is energized, the second electromagnetic armature 920 can move away from the air inlet 801 under the magnetic effect of the current; and a second blocking member 930 for blocking the air inlet 801. The second blocking member 930 is fixedly connected to the second electromagnetic armature 920. The second control mechanism also includes a second return spring 940 for applying a thrust to the second electromagnetic armature 920 toward the air inlet 801.

[0071] In this embodiment, only the relevant parts of the air channel 800 of the methanol injector 10 are described in detail below:

[0072] From the above analysis, it can be seen that when the methanol injector 10 is working, air needs to enter the third cavity 500 and mix with the methanol fuel before being ejected from the nozzle 610;

[0073] Specifically, the second coil of the second solenoid valve 910 can be energized, generating a second magnetic field around the second coil. This second magnetic field magnetizes the second electromagnetic armature 920. Under the influence of the magnetism, the second electromagnetic armature 920 overcomes the thrust of the second return spring 940 and moves away from the air inlet 801, thereby moving the second blocking member 930 out of the air inlet 801. This switches the air inlet 801 from a blocked state to an open state. This allows air to flow from the air inlet 801 to the air passage 800, ultimately flowing into the third chamber 500 to mix with the methanol fuel. The second blocking member 930 can also be a ball valve.

[0074] When the methanol injector 10 needs to stop injecting oil, the second coil of the second solenoid valve 910 is powered off. At this time, the second magnetic field disappears, and the second electromagnetic armature 920 moves toward the air inlet 801 under the thrust of the second return spring 940, so that the second blocking member 930 blocks the air inlet 801.

[0075] Among them, similar to the first groove, when setting the second return spring 940, a second groove can be set in the shell X, the second groove is connected to the first cavity, one end of the second return spring 940 is abutted against the top wall of the second groove, and the other end of the second return spring 940 is fixedly connected to the second electromagnetic armature 920.

[0076] In addition, it is easy to understand that an air inlet a may be provided on the housing X, and the air inlet a is communicated with the air inlet 801 .

[0077] The following describes the working efficiency of the methanol injector 10 using two operating conditions of a methanol fuel engine as an example:

[0078] During a cold start, a methanol-fueled engine requires a high degree of gas-liquid mixing. By controlling the energization time of first and second solenoid valves 210 and 910, as well as the methanol fuel and air pressures, the gas-liquid mass flow ratio can be controlled to between 1.5 and 2.5. Under this gas-liquid mass flow ratio, the Sauter mean diameter of the methanol spray droplets is 40-55 μm.

[0079] When the methanol-fueled engine is operating at medium or high load, the required gas-liquid mixing level is low. By controlling the energization time of the first and second solenoid valves 210 and 910, as well as the methanol fuel and air pressures, the gas-liquid mass flow rate ratio is controlled to 1-1.5, and the average Sauter diameter of the methanol spray droplets is 55-65 μm.

[0080] It should be noted that the above-mentioned gas-liquid mass flow ratio and other data are only for illustration. Under actual working conditions, the specific data should be determined according to the specific working conditions and are not subject to specific restrictions.

[0081] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a methanol fuel engine, comprising: any one of the above-mentioned methanol injectors 10; a methanol fuel rail connected to the first channel 710, the methanol fuel rail being used to deliver methanol fuel to the first channel 710; and an engine body having a cylinder, the spray hole 610 being connected to the cylinder.

[0082] In this embodiment, it is easy to understand that the methanol fuel engine may further include a methanol fuel tank, which transports methanol fuel to the first channel 710 through a methanol fuel rail;

[0083] In addition, a filter and a pressure regulating pump may be installed on the methanol fuel delivery path to improve the cleanliness of the methanol fuel and make the input pressure of the methanol fuel adjustable to further improve the injection efficiency of the methanol fuel.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A methanol injector, characterized in that: include: A first cavity (100) extends along a first direction, and the first cavity (100) has a first communicating hole; a first control mechanism configured to switch the first communicating hole between a blocked state and an open state; a second cavity extending along the first direction, the second cavity having a second communicating hole, the second cavity being connected to the first cavity (100) via the second communicating hole and the first communicating hole; an adjusting mechanism (400), wherein along the first direction, the adjusting mechanism (400) divides the second cavity into a control cavity (310) and a pressure accumulating cavity (320), the second communicating hole being located in the control cavity (310), and the pressure accumulating cavity (320) having a third communicating hole, and the adjusting mechanism (400) being configured to be movable in the second cavity along the first direction to switch the third communicating hole between a blocked state and an open state; a third cavity (500), located along the first direction on a side of the second cavity away from the first cavity (100), and the third cavity (500) is connected to the pressure accumulator cavity (320) through the third communicating hole; a nozzle (600) having a spray hole (610), wherein the spray hole (610) is in communication with the third cavity (500); A methanol channel comprises a first channel (710), a second channel (720), and a third channel (730); a first end of the first channel (710) is provided with a methanol inlet (711); a second end of the first channel (710) is communicated with both the second channel (720) and the third channel (730); an end of the second channel (720) facing away from the first channel (710) is communicated with the control chamber (310); and an end of the third channel (730) facing away from the first channel (710) is communicated with the pressure accumulator chamber (320); an air channel (800), one end of the air channel (800) having an air inlet (801), and an end of the air channel (800) facing away from the air inlet (801) being in communication with the third cavity (500); as well as A second control mechanism is configured to be able to adjust the opening degree of the air inlet (801).

2. The methanol injector according to claim 1, characterized in that The spray hole (610) comprises: A contraction section (611) is connected to the third cavity (500), and the inner diameter of the contraction section (611) gradually decreases along the direction of the third communication hole pointing to the contraction section (611), and the cone angle of the contraction section (611) ranges from 19° to 23°; a throat (612) communicating with an end of the contraction section (611) facing away from the third communication hole; and The diffuser section (613) is connected to one end of the throat (612) away from the contraction section (611), and the inner diameter of the diffuser section (613) gradually increases in the direction of the throat (612) toward the diffuser section (613). The cone angle of the diffuser section (613) ranges from 8° to 15°.

3. The methanol injector according to claim 1, characterized in that The first control mechanism includes: A first solenoid valve (210) having a first coil; a first electromagnetic armature (220), wherein when the first coil is energized, the first electromagnetic armature (220) is capable of moving along the first direction away from the first communicating hole under the magnetic effect of the current; and A first blocking member (230) is used to block the first communicating hole, and the first blocking member (230) is fixedly connected to the first electromagnetic armature (220).

4. The methanol injector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first control mechanism further comprises a first return spring (240), the first return spring (240) extending along the first direction, and the first return spring (240) being used to apply a thrust to the first electromagnetic armature (220) directed toward the first connecting hole along the first direction.

5. The methanol injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (400) comprises: A piston (410), wherein an outer wall of the piston (410) is sleeved with an adjustment spring (440); a plunger (420) connected to the piston (410), the plunger (420) and the piston (410) being arranged along the first direction, the adjustment spring (440) being in contact with an end of the plunger (420) close to the piston (410), the adjustment spring (440) being used to apply a thrust to the plunger (420) away from the piston (410) along the first direction; and A needle valve (430) is connected to the plunger (420), and the needle valve (430) and the plunger (420) are arranged along the first direction. Along the first direction, the needle valve (430) is located on the side of the plunger (420) away from the piston (410), and the end of the needle valve (430) away from the plunger (420) is used to block the third connecting hole.

6. The methanol injector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The needle valve (430) comprises: a first portion (431) connected to the plunger (420); and The second part (432) is connected to the first part (431), and the second part (432) extends along the first direction. The outer diameter of the second part (432) is smaller than the outer diameter of the first part (431), and along the first direction, the end of the second part (432) away from the first part (431) is used to block the third connecting hole.

7. The methanol injector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure accumulator chamber (320) comprises: a first sub-cavity (321) communicating with the third channel (730); and The second sub-cavity (322) is connected to the first sub-cavity (321), the inner diameter of the second sub-cavity (322) is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion (432), the second sub-cavity (322) extends along the first direction, and the third communicating hole is located at an end of the second sub-cavity (322) away from the first sub-cavity (321).

8. The methanol injector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The second control mechanism includes: a second solenoid valve (910) having a second coil; a second electromagnetic armature (920), which is capable of moving in a direction away from the air inlet (801) under the magnetic effect of the current when the second coil is energized; and The second blocking member (930) is used to block the air inlet (801), and the second blocking member (930) is fixedly connected to the second electromagnetic armature (920).

9. The methanol injector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second control mechanism further comprises a second return spring (940), and the second return spring (940) is used to apply a thrust directed toward the air inlet (801) to the second electromagnetic armature (920).

10. A methanol fuel engine, characterized in that: include: The methanol injector (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; a methanol fuel rail, connected to the first channel (710), the methanol fuel rail being used to transport methanol fuel to the first channel (710); and The engine body has a cylinder, and the injection hole (610) is connected to the cylinder.

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